Slide 2 Sampling BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma in Music
Technology Year 1 Sound Creation & Manipulation Modulation LFOs
& Envelopes Slide 3 Learning Outcomes Recall modulation
components of a sampler and describe their function: - Envelope
Generator - Low Frequency Oscillator (LFO) Apply modulation
techniques to a sampler patch to modify the sound. Slide 4 Envelope
generators Envelope generators are standard features in many
synthesizers and samplers. Envelopes can be used to control various
parameters. E.g. Volume, Filter controls, FX. Envelopes control
these parameters in a Linear fashion (from point A to point B)
Slide 5 Envelopes - ADSR Attack (time) Decay (time) Sustain (level)
Release (time) Slide 6 ADSR Control Volume (Amp) Compare the
following volume (amp) ADSRs Strings (no release) Strings Piano
Slide 7 More than just a volume control ADSRs can be used to
control many things (volume, pitch, filter, other synth parameters)
For effects that requires Linear control (one way only) E.g.
Falling pitch FX classic cartoon sound Basic version of cartoon
drop sound FX Oscillator pitch to envelope with long attack time
Slide 8 LFO Low Frequency Oscillators Like envelopes, LFOs are a
standard feature of synthesisers & samplers. Envelopes = Linear
control (one way) LFO = Cyclical control (Like a pendulum) The
middle of the pendulum represents the unmodified signal i.e. no
effect. The far edges of the pendulum represent the signal when it
is fully modulated. Slide 9 LFO Controls Sync or Free Rate (speed)
- Free = cycles per second (Hz) - Sync = Note value (1/4, 1/16,
1/8d, etc) Delay Shape (Sine, Square, Saw, Noise, Inverted
waveforms An example: If an oscillators pitch is routed to an LFO
by 2 octaves and the LFO is running free at a speed of 1 cycle per
second (Hz), then the pitch of the oscillator will move between
root position and +/- 2 octaves every second. If the LFO shape is a
sine wave then this will be a smooth fluctuation. + 2 oct - 2 oct
Root Slide 10 Why would we use an LFO? LFO Low Frequency
Oscillators Tremolo Vibrato Filter Modulation To add movement to
sounds. To add a rhythmic element to a sound. Dub Step Bass! Route
LPF cutoff to a tempo synced LFO. Automate LFO speed throughout
track. Special FX (e.g. Sirens, Helicopters) Cyclical FX Slide 11
Task Modify sounds using the tools weve covered using NN-XT. Use
Envelopes and LFOs to modify parameters on individual samples
within NN-XT. Pitch to LFO Filter to LFO Pan to LFO Volume to LFO
Amp (volume) envelope Pitch to envelope Filter to envelope
