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Direct Academic Vocabulary InstructionGrades K–12
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Sample leSSon
R T I
WORDLY WISE 3OOO®
3rd Edition
Book 5: Lesson 2
12 Lesson2
Study the definitions of the words. Then do the exercises that follow.Word List
For more practice and games, go to www.WordlyWise3000.com.
n. Asmellorodor,especiallyapleasantone.Thearomaofhotbutteredpopcornmadeourmouthswater.
n. Aliquidusedasadrink.Whenweorderedourbeverages,Ichoselemonade.
adj. 1. Lackingastrongflavor.Patientswithstomachproblemseatblandfoodslikechickensoupandmashedpotatoes.
2. Notirritating,exciting,ordisturbing.Thedoctor’sblandmannersooncalmedthecryingchild.
adj. Easilybroken;notflexible.Candycanesarebrittleandshouldbehandledwithcare.
n. Anumberofsimilarthingsgroupedtogether.Clustersofbrightlycoloredflowersgrewalongthesideoftheroad.
v. Togatherorcometogetherinagroup.Thechildrenclusteredaroundthestoryteller.
v. Tojoinorbringtogether.We combineoilandvinegartomakethesaladdressing.
combination n. Ajoiningorbringingtogether.Ourteam’svictoryresultedfromacombinationofhardworkand goodluck.
v. 1. Touseup.PianopracticeconsumesallofAlex’sfreetime.
2. Toeatordrink.Ahorseconsumesfiftypoundsofhayaday.3. Todoawaywithordestroy.TheforestfireconsumedovertwothousandacresinOregon.
aromaәrō´mә
beveragebev´әrij
blandbland
brittlebrit´l
clusterklus´tәr
combinekәmbīn´
consumekәnsoom´
Lesson 2
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v. Tohaveastrongdesirefor.Whenhewasateenager,AbrahamLincolncravedknowledgesomuchthathewouldwalkmilestoborrowabookhehadnotread.
craving n. Astrongdesire.Afterthehike,weallhadacravingforlotsofcoolwater.
v. 1. Topreparelandforthegrowingofcrops.Beforethespringplanting,farmerscultivatethesoil.2. Togrowortohelptogrow.Anacultivatestomatoeseveryyearinhergarden.
3. Toencouragedevelopmentbyattentionorstudy.Parentscancultivatealoveofnatureintheirchildrenbytakingthemonhikesinthecountry.
adj. Equalto.Althoughthedecimal0.5andthefraction1–2appeartobedifferent,theyareequivalentamounts.
n. Thatwhichisequalto.Oneyearofadog’slifeistheequivalentofsevenhumanyears.
v. Tosendgoodstoanothercountryforsale.Colombiaexportscoffeetocountriesallovertheworld.
n. (eks´port)Somethingexported.Grain is an important exportoftheUnitedStates.
v. 1. Toremoveortakeout.Dr.Bogasianwillextract mywisdomtoothnextweek.
2. Toobtainwithaneffort.I extractedapromisefromthemtoleaveusalone.
n. (eks´trackt)Somethingremovedortakenout.Vanilla extractcomesfromtheseedpodsofvanillaplants.
v. 1. Tocausetoknow;tomakeknownbyname.Letmeintroduceyoutomycompanion,JaneWillow.
2. Tobringtotheattentionof,especiallyforthefirsttime.ItwasourfriendsinHawaiiwhointroducedustoscubadiving.
3. Tobringintouse.
Theinventionoftheairplaneintroducedanewwayoftraveling.
introduction n. (intrәduk´shәn)1. Somethingspokenorwrittenbeforethemainpart.WereadtheintroductionbeforegoingontotherestofThe Woman in White.
cravekrāv
cultivatekul´tivāt
equivalentēkwiv´әlәnt
exportekspôrt´
extractekstrakt´
introducein trә doos´
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14 Lesson2
Choose two phrases to form a sentence that correctly uses a word from Word List 2. Write each sentence in the space provided.
1. (a)Anaromais (c) Aclusteris (b)apleasantsmell. (d)adrink.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________ 2. (a) togiveitaway. (c) Tocravesomethingis (b)touseitup. (d)Toconsumesomethingis
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________ 3. (a)Anextractissomething (c) Anequivalentissomething (b)thatisbought. (d)thatisequaltosomethingelse.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
2A Finding Meanings
2. Theactofbeingmadeknownbyname.Aftermyintroductiontotheothersintheroom,Irelaxedandenjoyed theparty.
v. Tobuy.My parents purchaseanewcareveryfiveyears.
n. 1. Somethingthatisbought.Storedetectivesmayaskyoutoshowsalesslipsforyourpurchases as youleave.
2. Theactofbuying.Becauseofabicycle’scost,IlookedatandrodeseveralbeforeImadeapurchase.
adj. 1. Of,from,orsimilartotheregionsneartheequator.Ecuador,whichliesontheequator,isatropicalcountry.2. Hot and moist.Thechillyautumntemperatureoutsidemadetheairattheindoorpool feeltropical.
purchasepur´chәs
tropicalträp´ikәl
aroma
beverage
bland
brittle
cluster
combine
consume
crave
cultivate
equivalent
export
extract
introduce
purchase
tropical
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4. (a)Aclusteris (c) agroupofsimilarthings. (b)Anexportis (d)somethingthatisgivenaway.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________ 5. (a)Acombinationis (c) astrongdesire. (b)Anintroductionis (d)amakingknownbyname.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________ 6. (a) Somethingthatisbrittle (c) Somethingthatisbland (b)lacksastrongflavor. (d)bendseasily.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________ 7. (a) istoborrowitfromthat (c) Tointroducesomeonetoabook person. (b)istomakethatperson (d)Topurchaseabookforsomeone awareofit.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________ 8. (a) obtainitwithaneffort. (c) Toextractanofferisto (b)rejectit. (d)Tocraveanofferisto
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________ 9. (a)breakseasily. (c) hasastrongsmell. (b)Somethingthatistropical (d)Somethingthatisbrittle
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________10. (a)Abeverageis (c) somethingthatiseaten. (b)Apurchaseis (d)somethingthatisbought.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
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16 Lesson2
Improve each of the following sentences by crossing out the bold phrase and replacing it with a word (or a form of the word) from Word List 2.
1.Milk,juice,andotherliquids suitable for drinking are on sale at thebooth.
2. Thismachinetakes outthejuicefromoranges.
3. Thesecomputersarebeingsold to other countriesattherateoftwohundredaday.
4. Inlineskateswerefirst brought into useintheU.S.inthe1980s.
5. Themixing togetherofblueandyellowpaintproducesgreen.
6. Plantswillnotgrowwellifthesoilhasnotbeenproperly prepared for the growing of crops.
7. ThesummerclimateinWashington,D.C.,isalmostlike that near the equator.
8.Aftermycousinspaid money in order to ownadog,theyallhelpedtofeed,train,andexerciseit.
9. ItwasclearthatUnclePaulhad a strong desire forapieceofmymother’spumpkinpie.
10. Everymorningchickadeesgather in a grouparoundourbirdfeeder.
2B Just the Right Word
aroma
beverage
bland
brittle
cluster
combine
consume
crave
cultivate
equivalent
export
extract
introduce
purchase
tropical
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Circle the letter or letters of each correct answer. A question may have more than one correct answer.
1.Whichofthefollowingisablandfood? (a)oatmeal (c) whitebread (b)hotchili (d)pepperonipizza
2.Whichofthefollowingcanbepurchased? (a)goodhealth (c) automobiles
(b) diseases (d) energy
3.Whichofthefollowingcanbecultivated? (a) corn (c) an interest in science (b)water (d)thesoil
4.Whichofthefollowinghasanaroma? (a) thenumber7 (c) afamousperson’sname (b)freshlygroundcoffee (d)arose
5.Whichofthefollowingcanbeconsumed? (a) vegetables (c) fuel
(b) sleep (d) plants
6.Whichofthefollowingisabeverage? (a)milk (c) chocolateicecream (b)water (d)hotchocolate
7.Whichofthefollowingareequivalenttoadollar? (a) fiftycents (c) fourquarters (b)tendimes (d)twentynickels
8.WhichofthefollowingareexportedfromtheU.S.? (a) kangaroos (c) parrots
(b) grains (d) medicines
2C Applying Meanings
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18 Lesson2
Theprefixpre-means“before.”Theprefaceofabookisthepartthatcomes beforetherestofthebook.Apreviewofamovieisashowingofit beforethegeneralpublicgetstoseeit.Aprefixisthepartofawordthatcomesbeforetherest.
Someprefixesturnawordintoitsopposite.Theseprefixesincludethefollowing:
un- (anunhappypersonisnothappy)in- (anincorrectanswerisnot correct)im- (animpossibletaskisonethatisnot possible)dis- (adisagreeablepersonisonewhoisnot agreeable)ir- (anirregularverbisonethatisnotregular)
Change each of the words into its opposite by adding the correct prefix. Check each of your answers in a dictionary to be sure you have formed a proper word.
1. mature
2. accustomed
3. complete
4. compatible
5. resistible
6. obedient
7. patient
8. dismayed
9. sufficient
10. prove
11. honest
12. easy
2D Word Study
aroma
beverage
bland
brittle
cluster
combine
consume
crave
cultivate
equivalent
export
extract
introduce
purchase
tropical
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Read the passage. Then answer the questions that follow it.
When Money Grew on TreesDoyouwishthatchocolategrewontrees?Well,itdoes.The
treesarecocoatrees.Theygrowintropicalcountries.Ofcourse,youwouldn’trecognizethelittlepale-coloredandbitter-tastingbeansofthecocoatreeaschocolate.Butthosebeansaretherawmaterialfromwhichcandybarsaremade.
CocoatreeswerefirstcultivatedinCentralandSouthAmerica.Theyarenowgrowninmanyotherpartsoftheworld,includingWestAfrica,theCaribbean,andsouthernAsia.Theygrowbestinareaswithayear-roundtemperatureofaroundeightydegreesandanannualrainfallofeightyinchesormore.Theyoungtreesneedtobeshelteredfromdirectsunlight.Bananaplants,whicharetaller,areoftengrownbetweentherowstoprovideshade.
Podsasbigasfootballsgrowfromthebranchesandtrunksofthetrees.Insideeachpodisaclusteroftwentytofortycocoabeans.Eachbeanisinsideitsownthinshell.Workerscutthepodsfromthetreesbyhandandsplitthemopentoremovethebeans.Thebeansarethenseparatedandstoredinboxesforaboutaweek.Whenthebeansarebrownandhaveaslightchocolatearoma,theyarereadytobedried.Thedryingtakesplaceeitherinthesunorinovens.Afterthedryingiscompleted,thebeansareputinsacks.Thesacksofbeansareexportedtocountriesallovertheworld.
Nowtheyarereadytobemadeintochocolate.First,thebeansareroasted.Thismakestheshellsbrittleandeasytoseparatefromthebeans.Nextthebeansaregroundintoapaste.Thispastecontainsalotoffat.Thatfatiscalledcocoabutter.Thecocoabutterisextractedfromthebeans.
Whatremainsiscocoapowder.Thispowderisusedformakingchocolatecakes,cookies,andpuddings.Thesoft,sweetchocolateincandyismadebycombiningthecocoapowderwithcocoabutter,sugar,anddriedmilk.
TheSpanishexplorerswhotraveledthroughCentralandSouthAmericainthe1500swerethefirsttointroducechocolateintoEurope.TheAztecs,wholivedinwhatisnowMexico,groundupcocoabeansandmadethepaste into a cold beverage.Theymusthavethoughtittastedbland;theymixeditwithchilipeppersandotherspices.Notsurprisingly,thename“chocolate”comesfromanAztecwordmeaning“bitterdrink.”Montezuma,
2E Passage
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20 Lesson2
WL_Sidebar
Bk4
theAztecking,seemstohavehadacravingforit.AccordingtoAztecrecords,heconsumeduptofiftycupsofchocolateaday!
TheAztecsalsousedcocoabeansasmoney.Arabbitcosttenbeans,whileaslavecouldbepurchasedforahundred.Sadly,thatwouldhavemadethevalueofahumanbeingequivalenttotenrabbits.Thismayseemsurprising,buthereissomethingelsetothinkabout:theAztecsreallydidliveinalandwheremoneygrewontrees.
Answer each of the following questions in the form of a sentence. If a question does not contain a vocabulary word from the lesson’s word list, use one in your answer. Use each word only once.
1.Howcanonesatisfyacravingforchocolate?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________ 2.Whataretwowaysthatcocoaisusedtoday?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________ 3.Whatisthemeaningofcultivatedasitisusedinthepassage?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________ 4.Whydococoatreesgrowonlyintropicalcountries?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________ 5. Towhichcountriesarecocoabeansexported?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________ 6. Inadditiontousingcocoabeansforadrink,inwhatotherwaydidthe
Aztecsusethem?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
aroma
beverage
bland
brittle
cluster
combine
consume
crave
cultivate
equivalent
export
extract
introduce
purchase
tropical
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7.Howischocolatecandymade?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________ 8.Whatwouldyoufindifyousplitopenapodofthecocoatree?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________ 9.Howdoworkersknowwhenthecocoabeansarereadytobedried?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________10.Whatisthemeaningofconsumedasitisusedinthepassage?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________11.Whencantheshellsofcocoabeansberemovedeasilyfromthebeans?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________12.Howisgroundcocoabeanpasteturnedintococoapowder?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________13.HowandwhendidEuropeanslearnaboutchocolate?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________14.Whatisthemeaningofblandasitisusedinthepassage?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________15.WhycouldanAztecreceivefiverabbitsinexchangeforfifty
cocoabeans?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
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22 Lesson2
aroma
beverage
bland
brittle
cluster
combine
consume
crave
cultivate
equivalent
export
extract
introduce
purchase
tropical
•Aroma once meant a spice. Spices have strong and pleasantsmells, and in time themeaningof the word changed. An aromabecamethepleasantsmellofthespice rather than the spice itself.Laterthewordcametomeananysmell, but especially one that ispleasant.
•Thewordexport is formed fromtheLatinprefixex-, meaning“out,”andtheLatin rootport, meaning “carry.”Goodsbeingexported are carried by boat or plane out ofthecountry. The antonym of export is import. To import goods is to bring them into a country. (TheUnited States imports many cars fromJapan.)
•TheLatintractus means“drawn”or“pulled”andformstherootofsev-eral English words. A tractor is a vehicleusedtopullfarmmachin-ery. A protracted explanation isonethatisdrawnoutandgoesontoo long.This root joinswith theLatinprefixex-,meaning“out,” toformthewordextract.
•The adjective tropical is formedfrom the word tropic. The TropicofCancerand theTropicofCap-ricorn are two imaginary linesgoing around the earth, northandsouthoftheequator.Theyarethree thousand miles apart, andthe area of the world betweenthem is called the tropics. Mostof Africa and Central and SouthAmerica and parts of Asia are inthetropics.
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