25mm CORVUS MINIATURES. The best "smaller" 25mm figures.

ANCIENTS Thracians Price Code & Descript ion A TA1 A TA2

Early Peltast with javelins & shield Early or late Peltast with longspear & shield

A TA3

ATA4 A TA5

Light infantryman with javelin & shield Archer Late Peltast with rhomphaia & shield

A TAC1 A TAC2

Heavy cavalry with spear & shield Light cavalry with javelin & shield

A TAC3 E TAH1 E TAH 2 E TAH3 Huns

Getic horse archer Thracian horse, standing Th racian horse, trotting Thracian horse, galloping

Chieftain D HAC1 A HAC2 Noble heavy cavalry with kontos

& shield A HAC3 Noble heavy cavalry with bow &

shield A HAC4 Light cavalry with bow, javelins &

shield A HAC5 Light cavalry load ing bow, with

javelins & shield A HAC6 Light cavalry throwing javelin ,

with bow & shield E HAH1 Hunic pony, standing E HAH2 Hunic pony, trotting E HAH3 Hunic pony, galloping Macedonians A MA1 Phalangite, Alexandrian A MA2 Phalangite, Seleucid A MA3 Phalangite, Antigonid A MA4 Phalangite, Bactrian A MA5 Heavy Hoplite A MA6 Medium Hoplite A MA? Peltast with javelins & shield A MA8 Peltast with longspear & shield A MA9 Cretan archer A MA10 Thureophoros A MA11 Staff slinger A MA12 Slinger A MA13 Psi loi with javelins & shield A MA 14 Crossbow man D MA15 Musician D MA 16 Standard bearer D MA 1? Officer A MA 18 Hypaspist with long spear D MAC1 General A MAC2 Companion A MAC3 Prodromois A MAC4 Heavy Thessalian cavalryman A MAC5 Light Thessalian cavalryman A MAC6 Light Greek cavalryman A MAC? Heavy Greek cavalryman E MAH1 Macedonian horse, standing E MAH2 Macedonian horse, trotting E MAH3 Macedonian horse, galloping

Corvus TA3

Corvus HAC4

DARK AGES Viking A VA1

A VA2

A VA3

A VA4

A VA5

A VA6 A VA?

A VA8 A VA9

D VA10 D VA11 A VA12 Saxon A SA1

A SA2 A SA3 ASA4 A SA5 A SAC1

Huscarl wielding axe from side & shield Huscarl advancing with sword & shield Huscarl wielding axe overhead & shield Bondi spearman throwing spear & shield Bondi spearman th rowing spear overhead & shield Bondi light archer Bondi spearman, mail hauberk & shield Berserker with axe Ulfhednar advancing with sword , spear & shield Chieftain Standard bearer Bondi mailed archer

Select fyrdman with spear & shield Archer Huscarl with axe & shield Great fyrdman with spear & shield Huscarl Mounted infantryman with spear & shield (SAH1 / 2)

E SAH1 Saxon horse, standing E SAH2 Saxon horse, trotting E SAH3 Saxon horse, galloping NOTE: Saxon horses are suitable for any North European armies of this period. Some Saxon and Viking figures are interchangeable within either arm ies. Welsh A WA1 A WA2 A WA3 A WAC1

Archer Javelinman & shield Spearman & shield Heavy cavalry with spear & shield (SAH2 / 3)

A WAC2 Light cavalry with spear & shield (SAH2 / 3)

NOTE: Use Saxon horses. Norman A NA1 A NA2 A NA3

ANA4

A NA5 A NA6 ANA? D NAC1 D NAC2 A NAC3 A NAC4

E NAH1 E NAH2 E NAH3

Medium spearman & shield Heavy spearman & shield Swabian 2 handed swordsman with shield Dismounted knight with spear & shield Light archer Crossbowman Staff slinger Mounted general Mounted standard bearer Heavy cavalry with lance & shield Medium cavalry with spear & shield Norman horse, standing Norman horse, trotting Norman horse, charging

MEDIEVAL Swiss (15th century) A SM1A Medium pikeman A SM1 B Medium halberdier A SM2 Heavy halberdier A SM3 Heavy pikeman A SM4 Extra heavy pikeman A SM5 Medium halberdier A SM6 Handgunner A SM? Crossbowman D SM8 Standard bearer D SM9 General

.D SMA 1 Artillery commander A SMA2 Arti ll ery loader A SMA3 Artillery rammer A SMA4 Artillery match man A SMC1 Mounted knight with lance F SMH1 Armoured horse, trotting

ENGLISH CIVIL WAR Civil War Foot A EW1 Pikeman charging pike A EW2 Pikeman shouldered pike, hat A EW3 Pikeman shouldered pike, helmet A EW4 Pikeman ordered pike A EW5 Musketeer loading A EW6 Musketeer firing A EW? Dragoon D EW8 Officer D EW9 Ensign D EW10 Drummer Civil War Cavalry D EWC1 Officer D EWC2 Standard bearer A EWC3 Dragoon A EWC4 Cuirassier A EWC5 Heavy trooper standing A EWC6 Heavy trooper charging A EWC? Medium trooper Scots Covenanters A SW1 Pikeman ordered pike A SW2 Pikeman charging pike A SW3 Musketeer loading A SW4 Musketeer firing A SWC1 Lancer standing A SWC2 Lancer charging A SWC3 Moss trooper Highlanders A HW1 Highlander with sword & targe A HW2 Highlander with lochaber axe A HW3 Archer Artillerymen A EWA 1 Gunner with rammer A EWA2 Gunner with bucket A EWA3 Gunner with linstock

Send $2 for samples and full listing including equipment packs.

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PREPARE YOURSELF FOR W. R.G. 7TH EDITION!! You can ensure you get a copy as soon as it is availablel

HALF PRICE When ordering Book I, II or III figures of $40 or more.

FREE When ordering Book I, II or III figures of $80 or more.

The current W. R.G. forecast of availability is Sept/Oct 1985. Offer ends December 1st, 1985.

W. R.G. PRICELIST. Description & Price

6th Edition Rules 3000 BC - $3.99 Army Lists Book I - $3.99 Army Lists Book II - $3.99 Army Lists Book III - $3.99 Army Lists Renaissance - $5.60 Rules (1420-1700) - $3.99 Rules (1685-1845) - $3.25

. Rules (1925-1950) - $3.25 Rules (1950-1985) - $3.25

ARMIES & ENEMIES Description & Prices

Ancient Near East - $15.49 Greek & Persian - $7.99 Macedonian & Punic - $13.99 Imperial Rome - $8.49 Ancient China - $11.49 Dark Ages - $7.99 Crusades - $9.95 Middle Ages Vol I - $13.99 Middle Ages Vol II - $15.45 Scenarios for Wargamers - $9.49 Programmed Scenarios - $11.49 If your favorite store has higher prices than these, ask them to call Wargames.

Corvus EW4

NEW MAGAZINE Army & Navy Modelworld

Magazine, $3.00 per issue. A new wargaming publication from England. $32.95 for 12 issues or $29.95 if also subscribing to Miniature Wargames Magazine through Wargames.

WARGAMES SUPPORTS WARGAMERS

One of the major expenses for the U.S. Pike & Shot Federation and U.S. Society of Ancients is the cost of communicating with their membership. In order to assist them meet these costs, for each mail order $40 and over which we receive, Wargames will donate $1 to one of these societies.

Please state which society you wish to support.

ESSEX CONTINUES TO WIN! Camelot '85 • First place winner - Essex Welsh ,

J . B. H. • Best painted army - Essex

Selecuids, Scott Pryor

Historicon • Masters first place winner - Essex

Seleucid, J. B. H. • Best painted unit - Essex Hoplites,

Francisco Vando • Best Book I Army (2nd overall) -

Essex Seleucid, Wargames Painting Service

TERRAIN Have Terrain you can be as proud of as your figures!

Integral Terrain by Game Innovation enables gamers to add new dimensions to their wargames. Create full color terrai ns to fit any battlefield and situation on land or sea. It is lightweight, durable, in full color and is great for wargaming with 5mm, 15mm or 25mm figures. Almost every wargaming club in England has a set of Integral Terrain - available now for the first time in the USA, only from Wargames. Send $2 for color catalog . As seen in virtually every Miniature Wargames Magazine. (For example, Issue 21 , pages 14 & 35)

TACTICAL TIP Using javelin armed cavalry against lancers. By Kruse Smith & J. B. Hood

A lance-armed cavalryman must be moving forward with a fair amount of impetus for his weapon to be effective. In WRG terms, this is represented by moving 20 paces. If a lance-armed cavalry unit does not go 20 paces while charging, it counts only sidewarm in the melee. A javelin­armed cavalry unit can take advantage of this weakness by closing to 30 paces before charging. In the melee, because it moved less than 20 paces, the lance-armed unit will count only sidearms, but the javelin-armed unit will count sidearms plus javelin (if allowed against that opponent).

DIXON 15mm SAMURAI NOW AVAILABLE! 1000 Point Army - $24.50 Send $2 for samples and full listing.

15mm Dixon Samurai

WE MAKE ORDERING EASY. 1. Determine prices through our

price codes: A & B $ .85 E $1 .05 C .99 F 1.20 D 1.10

Price·breaks for clubs. Club discounts are as follows :

Over $25 - free postage, $50 -10%, $100 - 15% and $200 - 20 % Discount. DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED

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EXCLUSIVE DISTRIBUTOR OF STANDARD GAMES, INTEGRAL TERRAIN, NEWBURY RULES & ESSEX, DIXON, TIN SOLDIER, DONNINGTON, CORVUS, KONTOS & MILITARY MINIATURES

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MIKES Mel FLS USA

IJ'l t6 to ... His name is Windrider, he stands over sixteen hands tall, and is the color of slate in the moonlight. His harness flashes with burnished silver and there are golden threads woven into his trappings, and he is yours. Pancerni, Tatars, Cossacks, and the awesome Winged Hussars await your orders. The intrigues of court, and the intricacies of diplomacy are behind on this, the day of battle. Experience what was and what might have been, from the Black Sea to the Baltic, with a Mike's Models Polish Army at your command. Available by the figure, the pack, Just The Basics, and now the complete Army Kit. By WRG calculations you receive a conservative 1500 pOints of troops, not including Generals and command pOints. All for $54.95 plus postage and hand ling.

Contents AKR33 Thirty Yellrs Wllr Polish 4 RP69/RtL- Officer in Lobster Pol. 2ea RHIO and II 9 RP I 23/RH 1 0 Winged Husslr 9 RP 125/RH 17 Lithuanian Husslr 18 RP 126/RH 11 PlOCerni 1 RP251FH4 Tltar Noble Cavalryman 8 RP26/FH4 Tltar Cavllryman with Bow 1 RP27/FH4 Tatar Standard Bearer 1 RP2031RH20 Cossack Generll 9 RP20 I/RH20 Cossack Light Cavalryman with Lince 1 RP96 Officer in Pol 1 RP 1 03 Standard Bearer in Morion 14 RP120 "German" Infantry with Pike

NAME __________________________ __

ADDRESS __________________________________ _

CITY _____ STATE ______ ZIP ___ _

Send for your free catalog. Please include $2.00 for shipping and handling .

Mikes Models; P.O. Box 1141; Denville, N.J. 07834

2

To Our Customers: We are proud to announce that Mike's Models

will be publishing our own newsletter, The Bombard. The Bombard will be released quarterly, and will be devoted to advertising our products in a form which wi 11 provide the kind of information your letters indicate you want. Some of the things we plan are articles on the contents of our Army Kits, Organizational and Painting Details for both Armies and Just The Basics and more ...

Ever wonder what problems and scenarios you might use your sets for? You'll find suggestions in The Bombard for tactical problems and mini campaigns. And of course, an Opponents Wanted Column.

We'll be starting small, but if we provide the kind of information you want, we're sure to grow. The price will be $5.00 for a one year subscri pt ion.

Coming soon, American Civil War, Franco Prussian War and lots more. Watch these pages for news of their release.

24 RP121 "German" Infantry with Arquebus 2 RP117 Polish Officer 2 RPI16 Polish Standard Bearer 18 RP114 Polish Infantry with Arquebus 16 RPI15 Polish Infantry with Musket and Axe 2 RE 11 Protected Wagon with Telm 2 RE 12 Gunner with ultra light gun 2 RE8 Medium Guns . 8 Polish crew figures included 2 RP 122/RH 1 0 General

MIKES MCIELSuSA Box 1141 Denville. NJ 07R3-J.

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NORTH AMERICA'S FOREMOST MINIATURE GAMING MAGAZINE

FEATURE ARTICLES

THE HISTORY OF SAILING TACTICS, PART II JON W ILLIAMS continues his in-depth background to the period .. .. . .• ... .... .. . ...................... .. • .. .... .. . . .. ... ....... . . .. . . ........ 5

FIREDRAKE AND THE CASE OF THE CALAMITOUS COLLIER JON W ILLIAMS and an account of a histo ri ca l role play/ miniatures game .. . .. . . .. . .......... .. .. . ..................... . ..... ... .. . ... . . . ... ... 15

NARRATIVE WAR GAMING DON FEATHERSTONE with the advantages of a background narrative for miniature games .............•... . ........•.... •.. ........ .. . ........ .. 19

WATERLOO WITH PALM TREES HOWARD W HITEHOUSE brings us Alterna tive Napoleonics .. .. . . .. ............. . . . .. .. ........... . ..... . .... . .. .... . •... . ...... .... ........ 25

THE REST OF THE ARMIES KRUSE SM ITH exa mines more WRG Ancient List Armies . . . ... . ........ . ............... • ..... . .. .. . . ..................... . .. . . •. ..•. ..• .... . 28

SKIRMISHING WITH ANCIENTS WAL TER SIMON with another set of skirmish rules .... . .. ...... .• ......... . . . ....... ....... ... . . .. .... . .. ... . . ..... . .................•.. .. . 41

DEC. 1812, THE END OF THE GRAND ARMEE j.]. MA TTHEWS with small unit act ions during the retreat f rom Moscow .... . . ... . ..... . .. . .. . .. ... .. .. . . ........ . .. .... . ... . .. ... ... . .... ... .. 46

THE DANISH AUXILIARY CORPS, 1701-1713 DAN SCH ORR translates from Arthur Harma n .. . . ... . .. . . . .. .. .. . . .. .. .. . ... . . . . . .. .. . .. . . .. .. .. . . ... . .... . . . ....... .. .... .. . . . . . .. .. .. . . . 55

A COMPLETE GRENADIER GAME AID BY ANONYMOUS Th e ubiquitous author of legend str ikes again . . ... . .. . .. . . . . . .. . .. . .. . . . . . . • ........... • .. ... . ... . . .... . .... .. ... . ... .. .. . 63

DEP ARTMENTS

A COMPLETE INDEX FOR VOLUME V compiled by Tom Desmond . .... ... ........... . ..............•.......................... ... ..... . .. .. . 26

THE REVIEWING STAND w ith Jay Had ley .... . ..................... . . ... . . . .. . . .. . .. .... .. . . . . .. . .. . ... . . .. .... . . ...... . ..... . . ... . .... .. .. 35

THE COURIER DISPATCH News of the hobby with Rob Maclean ........•.... . . .. .. ........... .. ... .. . .... ........ . . .. ... ....... .. . .• . . ..... . 51

DISPATCHES FROM THE FiElD Letters to (or at) the Editor . ......... ..... . .... . . . . ... ... .. . . ...... . ....... . . . ... .. . ... .. .. .. ..... .... ........ 61

VOLLEY FIRE & QUESTIONNAIRE W hat do you like (or hate) about this issue ......... . . ... . ....... . ........ . . •.. .... ..... ..... •...•.. . .. ... . . . . 64

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\[be

~~U·ri1ttt MANAGING EDITOR: Richard L. Bryant

BUSINESS MANAGER: leo Cronin ART DIRECTOR: Joseph Miceli

ADVERTISING MANAGER: Bruce Milligan THEME EDITOR: THE AGE OF SAIL

Jon Williams

CONTRIBUTING EDITORS William Abrams; Ken Bunger; Phil Barker; Robert Beattie; l ynn Bodin ; Rodman Burr; Pat Condray; Jay Hadley; Peter Ho llinger; Ian Knight; Paul Koch; Doug Johnson; Robert Mosca; N ick Nascati; Cliff Sayre; George Schneider; Kruse Smith; Walter Simon; Ned Zuparko.

STAFF CARTOONISTS: Jon Rettich Jose Niera

STAFF PHOTOGRAPHERS: Pat Condray Tom Desmond

THE COURIER DISPATCH: Robert Maclean

ST AFF ILLUSTRATORS Alan Archambault, AI Karasa

John Thull , Joe Matthews, larry Schuman John Tolive, Terry Manton

THE COURIER PUBLISHING COMPANY, INC. Richard L. Bryant, President

DIRECTORS Richard Bryant, leo Cronin, Gloria Miceli

THE COURIER is published approximately bi-monthly at Brockton, MA 02401 USA.

SUBSCRIPTIONS USA - $14.00; CANADA & S. AMERICA, surface rate - $17.00. UNITED KINGDOM & EUROPE wr ite to: Athena Books, 20 St. Mary's Rd ., Doncaster, South Yorkshire DN1 2NP England. AUSTRALIA & N. ZEALAND write to: The Tin Soldier, 424 George St. , Sydney NSW 2000, Australia.

BACK ISSUES Recent back issues are available for $3.50, USA; $4.00 Canada & Foreign surface; $5.00 Foreign airmail. See last page of issue for listing. Monies in US funds drawn on US banks or international Postal Money Order. Subscriptions start with NEXT published issue after receipt of payment.

No responsibility is assumed for statements of fact o r opinion made by the authors. No responsibility is assumed for unsolicited manuscripts, but all sub­missions are welcome, no query necessary. All sub­missions shou ld contain a self-addressed STAMPED envelope large enough to return the submission.

Th is magazine and other publications ofThe Courier Publishing Company are sold with the understanding that every reasonable attempt is made to deliver them safely through the mails. The Courier Publishing Company is not responsible for items lost in the mails. Replacements will be provided at their usual cost.

All DOMESTIC DEALER INQUIRIES,ADVERTISING COPY AND INQUIRIES, DOMESTIC SUBSCRIP­TIONS AND ARTICLES to THE COURIER, Box 1878, Brockton, MA 02403.

Entire Contents Copyright © 1985 by The Courier Publishing Company, Inc.

MARl APR 1985 VOL. VI, NO.2

THE VANGUARD

EDITOR'S NOTES

Over the last few convention seasons, I have felt that there have been two distinct trends in the hobby, one good, one bad.

The bad trend has been with us for some time; that is the extreme compet itiveness extant in tournament play, often to the point that the participants and onlookers alike forget that the emphasis should be on GAME not on WAR.

The positive trend is in terrain. After many years of improving painting standards, the terrain background upon which our figures are p layed is starti ng to catch up in quality.

Very seldom do I see paper cut-out terrain and gift box hills held in place with large sp lashes of masking tape!

To combat one trend and encourage the other, The Courier has, with little fanfare, established two awards:

THE GOOD SPORTSMAN AWARD

This award is to be awarded at ORIGINS and other Historica l Only co nventions to the best sportsman in the Ancients tournament (the tournament that has suffered the most from the competit iveness malady) . We will expand this to other recognized tournaments as the need arises. Th e best of all possible worlds, of cou rse, would be if the tournament wi nner was also recipient of The Courier Sportsman Award - we'll see.

BEST TERRAIN DEMONSTRATION AWARD

For the best terra in in use at a convet ion. This does not necessarily mean terrain boards. The Courier staff feels that the gamer who uses his imagination to develop from nearly nothing a realistic, transportable, flexible, easy-to-use, yet inexpensive terrain deserves as much considerat ion as the beautifully hand crafted terrain modules.

The Courier has been making these awards for a couple of years now. It has been pointed out that if we do not advertise the awards then they lose much of their impact, hence this mention. We wi ll award them next at Origins '85 in Baltimore.

Now that terrain is catching up with painting and gamers are (as they shou ld be) at least somewhat embarrassed to put on the table fine ly painted figures wit h unpainted cardboa rd bases, what is the next visual improvement to be obtained in the hobby?

To my mind it is the eliminat ion of all the paper, cardboard condition markers, order sheets, multivariously(!) shaped rulers and other measuring devices - not to mention beer ca ns, half eaten sandwiches and the ubiquitous styrene cups that litter our model battlefields that is the next order of busi ness.

The Courier is hereby soliciting articles and ideas from the readers on ways to clean up this gametable litter.

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i I

/ .. /

,

-~c=::-. - _- .-. -.-_._._ --

Wh .-~- - --.:':"'-:- . . -~

A HISTORY OF SAILING TACTICS IN THE AGE OF FIGHTING SAIL

PART II BY JON WILLIAMS

SHIP DRAWINGS BY W .H. KEITH ILLUSTRATIONS BY A. KARASA

The formal tactical systems, combined w ith the various techn ica l im­provements in shipbuilding and the gradual profess ionalism of the offi cer corps of the European navies in genera l and the Royal Navy in parti cu lar, did not receive many tests during the middle yea rs of the Eighteenth Century. There was only one large, forma l battle during the War of the Austr ian Succession, and one other during the Seven Year's War - and each of them produced a very interesting series of courts-martial.

The first of these was the Battle of Tou lon, fought on 11 February, 1744, which produced the largest number of courts-martia l in Royal Navy history, includ ing those of the ad mi r·al command ing the British fleet and another of his second-in-command. Though there were a great many persona l factors involved in the extraordinary ill wi ll that this battle generated, there was also involved a difference in phi losophy between the two commanders, one a member of the unfettered school, the other of the formal.

The admiral in question was Thomas Matthews, a commander fa irly experienced in combat (considering the dearth of wars during the preceding thirty yea rs), but 65 years o ld, in poor hea lth, and notoriously quarrelsome with his subordinates. His second-in-command was Vice­Admiral Richard Lestock, also an experienced com mander, but also elderl y (62), also in poor hea lth , an also quarrelsome. The two were on bad terms from the start - Lestock had served under Matthews a few yea rs before, and Matthews made it clea r he considered Lestock unfit for high command.

5

In ea rly 1744 England was at war with Spain, but not yet w ith France. Th e Spanish fleet under Navarro, however, was sheltering in the French harbor of Toulon, and the French admiral, de Court, had been give n instructio ns to cooperate wit h the Spanish f leet, "seek out the British sh ips ... and attack them ... ". But de Court (who, by the way, was 78 - " an all-t ime record", as Creswell poi nts out) was also told that he was to act " as auxili ari es to the Spanish" in order to maintain the fi ction that France an d Eng land were not at wa r. He was to provoke the British into firing first, at which point the French fleet could legiti mately act in self-defense.

I n any case, neither side bothered much with forma lities. They were both ou t for a fi ght, and they got one.

The allied fl eet clea red Toulon on the 8th and 9th o f February, and the British f leet, anchored about twenty miles away, began to fo llow them, the fleets sighting o ne another on the 10th. Matthews was afraid de Court was trying to cover the ret reat of Navarro's f leet to a Spanish port, and was determined not to let them get away. Matthews, havi ng the weather gage, made th e signal fo r batt le and steered for the enemy, but it was too late in the day and th e battle was postponed to til l the 11th.

Matthews, on the night of the 8th, also had an encounter w ith Lestock, his subordinate. Lestock ca lled on Matthews to ask the Ad miral if he had any instruct ions for him - not an unreasonable action, one would th in k -and Matthews replied that he did not, and wished Lestock a good evening. Apparentl y thi s piece of rud e incivility was the last straw as far as Lestock was concerned.

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