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Sample Examination questions
PART A: SHORT RESPONSES
Answer all parts of Questions 1 to 4. Write your answers in the spaces provided for each question.
1. Refer to the following information.
(a) Outline one role of the Minister for Human Rights in the pre-parliamentary stage of the Human Rights Bill 2018.
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(b) Outline one role of the Minister for Human Rights in the parliamentary stage of the Human Rights Bill 2018.
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(c) Identify the type of Bill that is being introduced by the Minister for Human Rights.
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(d) Outline the role of the opposition in a parliamentary democracy.
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(e) Define the term ‘sunset provision’.
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(f ) Explain one reason why a sunset provision might be included in the Human Rights Bill 2018.
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(g) Explain how parliamentary supervision of legislation achieves responsible government.
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(h) Explain one method used by the executive to supervise legislation.
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(i) Explain how a human rights Act might achieve the functions of law in Australia.
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TOTAL: 15 marks
page 5 of 13 PLEASE TURN OVER
Question 2 begins on page 6.
2. Refer to the following information.
After the double dissolution election on 2 July 2016, the composition of the Houses of Commonwealth Parliament was as follows:
House of Representatives Senate
Liberal–National Coalition 76 Liberal–National Coalition 30
Australian Labor Party 69 Australian Labor Party 26
Australian Greens 1 Australian Greens 9
Nick Xenophon Team 1 Pauline Hanson’s One Nation 4
Katter’s Australian Party 1 Nick Xenophon Team 3
Independents 2 Family First Party 1
Total number of members 150 Derryn Hinch’s Justice Party 1
Jacqui Lambie Network 1
Liberal Democratic Party 1
Total number of senators 76
Source: Adapted from Parliamentary Education Office (PEO) 2017, Parliamentary Statistics, viewed April 2017, www.peo.gov.au
(a) Explain one difference between a double dissolution election and a general (ordinary) election.
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(b) Outline two functions of the House of Representatives in Australia.
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(c) Explain the importance of the Senate in Australia.
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(d) Identify two features of representative government, and explain why each feature is important in Australia’s system of government.
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(e) Identify one role of the Speaker in the House of Representatives.
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(f ) Discuss whether or not Australia’s system of parliamentary democracy effectively represents diverse groups in the community.
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TOTAL: 15 marks
3. Refer to the following information.
(a) State how the dispute in the cartoon will be listed for trial.
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(b) Explain one precedent that Mei might rely on to support her case.
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(c) Outline two methods that judges use to depart from precedent.
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(d) Explain the difference between mediation and arbitration as methods of alternative dispute resolution.
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(e) Outline two advantages of alternative dispute resolution.
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(f ) Outline one disadvantage of alternative dispute resolution.
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(g) Outline what happens during a cross-examination in the adversary system of trial.
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(h) Discuss the extent to which the civil justice system delivers just outcomes for diverse groups in the community.
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TOTAL: 15 marks
4. Refer to the following information.
Extracts from the Australian Constitution
Section 51
The Parliament shall … have power to make laws … with respect to:(vi) the naval and military defence of the Commonwealth …(xxxi) the acquisition of property on just terms ...
Section 58
When a proposed law … is presented to the Governor-General for the Queen’s assent, he shall declare … that he assents in the Queen’s name …
Section 64
The Governor-General may appoint [ministers] … who shall hold office during the pleasure of the Governor-General.
Section 92
[T]rade … among the states … shall be absolutely free.
Source: Adapted from Commonwealth of Australia 1900, Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act 1900
(a) Explain two ways in which the Australian Constitution reflects the reasons for federation.
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(b) (i) Outline one role of the British Parliament in the process of federation in Australia.
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(ii) Outline one role of colonial parliaments in the process of federation in Australia.
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(c) Outline two ways in which the Australian constitutional system of government aims to protect human rights.
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(d) Define what is meant by a ‘constitutional monarchy’.
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(e) Explain the difference between the reserve powers and the non-reserve powers of the Governor-General in Australia.
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(f ) Discuss whether or not the Governor-General has too much power in the executive arm of government in Australia.
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TOTAL: 15 marks
PART B: EXTENDED RESPONSES
Answer two questions from this part, one from Section 1 and one from Section 2.
Write your answers in the separate script book provided. Write the question numbers in the appropriate box on the front cover of the script book and at the beginning of each answer.
Section 1 (Questions 5 to 8)
(20 marks)
Answer one question from this section. You must attempt all parts of the question. Label each part of your answer.
5. (a) Outline the process of selecting and empanelling juries in either South Australia or the Northern Territory. (4 marks)
(b) Explain two cases that were decided in the High Court of Australia, in which the judges interpreted the Australian Constitution. (6 marks)
(c) Critically analyse the merits of delegated legislation as a form of law-making in a democracy. (10 marks)
6. (a) Outline how law-making power is shared by the Commonwealth and the states. (4 marks)
(b) Explain how the doctrine of precedent operates in the Australian legal system. (6 marks)
(c) Critically analyse the rules of evidence and procedure used in the adversary system of trial. (10 marks)
7. (a) Outline the reasons why judges create law. (4 marks)
(b) Explain three ways in which the Australian legal system has protected the rights of Indigenous Australians since 1967. (6 marks)
(c) Critically analyse whether or not the power of the federal executive government has become too great. (10 marks)
8. (a) Outline two functions of the judiciary. (4 marks)
(b) Explain what happens during the pre-trial stage and the post-trial stage of a criminal dispute. (6 marks)
(c) Critically analyse the principle of the separation of powers. (10 marks)
Section 2 (Questions 9 to 12)
(20 marks)
Answer one question from this section.
9. ‘Criminal and civil disputes are resolved most effectively using the adversary system of trial.’
Using examples, evaluate this statement. (20 marks)
10. ‘Australia adopted the best features of government from Great Britain and from the United States of America.’
Using examples, evaluate this statement. (20 marks)
11. ‘No single arm of government is more effective than other arms of government when it comes to making law.’
Using examples, evaluate this statement. (20 marks)
12. ‘The Australian Constitution has failed to meet the needs of the Australian people.’
Using examples, evaluate this statement. (20 marks)
