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Plant Physiology at a Glance
For ARS CSIR NET JRF SRF and Other Competitive Examinations
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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AT A GLANCE
For ARS CSIR NET JRF SRF
and Other Competitive Examinations
B. Santhosh
EDUCREATION PUBLISHING (Since 2011)
www.educreation.in
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CONTENT TABLE
Sr. Chapter Page
1 MNERAL NUTRITION 1
Functions and Deficiency Symptoms 1
Specific Functions of Nutrients In Crops 1
Nutrient Required to Activate Enzyme 4
2 PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS 6
PGRS and physiological roles 6
PGRS and precursors 7
PGRS and biosynthetic Processes 7
3 PHOTOPERIODISM 10
4 PHOTOSYNTHESIS 14
5 RESPIRATION 16
6 PLANT CELL 17
7 OSMOSIS 18
8 SCIENTISTS AND CONTRIBUTIONS 20
9 TESTS 28
10 INSTRUMENTS 27
11 ENERGITICS 28
12 VITAMINS 31
13 PLANT GROWTH PARAMETERS 35
14 GROWTH MODELS 37
15 SEED PHYSIOLOGY 38
16 ENZYMES 43
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Agriculture productivity in India,
growth in average yields
S. No Crop Productivity (Kg
per Ha)
1. Rice 2240
2. Wheat 2938
3. Pulses 689
4. Oil seeds 1325
5. Sugarcane 68596
6. Tea 1669
7. Cotton 510
Indias average vegetable yield: 52.36 metric tones per hectare
Fruits yield : 111.6 metric tones per hectare
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Plant Physiology at a Glance
1
MINERAL NUTRITION
Mobile in plants: N, P, K, S & Cl
Partially mobile: Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe, Mo
Immobile: Ca, B
Function Deficiency
Molybdenum
(Mo)
Component of
Nitrogenase
Nitrate reductase
Xanthine oxidase
Aldehyde oxidase
Sulfide oxidase
Whiptail:
cauliflower,
broccoli
Zink (Zn) Synthesis of
Tryptophan (→)
Synthesis of
Cytochrome
Khaira: rice
White bud : maize
Mottle leaf ,
frenching : citrus
Little leaf
Calcium (Ca) Calcium pectate (cell
wall synthesis)
Growth of root
apices
Activator of : ATP
ase and Succinate
dehydrogenase
(SDH)
Tip hooking:
cauliflower,
tobacco
Blossom End Rot
(BER): Tomato
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B. Santhosh
2
Sulphur (S) Component of amino
acids (Cystein,
cystine, methionine)
Proteolytic enzyme:
papainase → papain
Vitamins : thiamine ,
Biotine
Co – enzymes:
glutathione , acetyl
co- A , ferrodoxin
Akiochi- rice
N Basic constituent of
life
Integral part of
chlorophyll
Chlorosis /
yellowing
Mg Central part of
chlorophyll
Component of
Ribosome
Formation of poly
peptide chain
Phosphate transfer of
ATP
Co factor of
RuBisCo
Dolomite contains :
Ca & Mg
Interveinal
chlorosis
Sand drown
disease
Grass tetany
Hypomagnesia
Mn Water oxidizing
comples of
photosynthesis at PS
II
IAA oxiadase
Fe Cryptochrome
Nitrogenase: Fe- Mo
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Plant Physiology at a Glance
3
Nutrient associated
Die back in citrus Cu
Reclaimation disease Cu
Translocation of sugars B
Frenching in citrus Zn
Sickle leaf P
Top Sickness in Tobacco B
Pahla blight Mn
Tea yellow disease S
General starvation N
Blossom End Rot Ca
Sand drawn disease Mg
White tip Cu
Whiptail Mo
Little leaf Zn
Rosette Zn
White bud Zn
Heart rot in sugar beet B
Stem crack in celery B
water core in turnip B
Drought spots in apple B
Gray specks in oats Mn
Marshy spots in pea Mn
Speckled yellow in sugar beet Mn
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