Salt, Sugar, and Fat Obj: 9.NPA.1.1 I will attribute the prevention of chronic diseases to healthy nutrition. Obj: I will examine the consequences to eating a diet high in fat, sugar, and salt Review Food Groups Refined vs. Whole Grain review As a class, separate the magnet labels based on whether they are a whole or refined grain. Read & Reflect Journal Write: Scholar: Why do you think most restaurant food is high in fat, sugar, and salt? Collegiate: What are the consequences to eating a diet high in fat, sugar, and salt? What are some examples of foods that are high in fat? Sugar? Salt? Genius: What are the biological and/or physiological reasons why people overeat especially foods high in fat, sugar, and salt? At the end Whats in your food? Here is your challenge: Take a closer look at the foods you eat at your favorite restaurant. 1. Research the nutrition facts of your favorite restaurant meal. 2. Record the nutrition facts for calories, saturated fat, trans fat, sodium, and added sugar for each part of the meal (including drink). 3. Add up all the parts of the meal to get a total amount of calories, fat, saturated fat, trans fat, sodium, and sugar for that meal. 4. Compare it to the daily recommended amount for a person on a 2,000 calorie per day diet. 5. Answer the following question in complete sentences: Based on your comparison to the total recommended allowance, is your food choice healthy? Why or why not? See board for resources Use assignment rubric Article: Why We Overeat Q: What does the science say? Is it sugar or fat or the flavor that drives intake? A: We gave rats a series of solutions containing combinations of sugar, corn oil, and vanilla, and found that sugar was the prime driver. But when you add fat to sugar, you increase the drive. Q: The rats pressed a lever more times to get it? A: Yes. If you combine sugar and fat, animals will work harder to get it. They'll want it more. If you give sugar alone, you'll get some dopamine spike, but if you put sugar and fat together, you stimulate more brain activation. And we know that humans prefer sugar mixed with cream more than the same amount of sugar mixed with skim milk. Q: So eating these foods changes your brain? A: Yes. Every time you get cued and consume the stimulus, you strengthen the neural circuits, so the next time you're more likely to do it again. Strengthening those circuits is what we define as learning, even though it's not the kind of conscious learning we think about. Q: So we get a fatty, salty food like french fries smothered in cheese and bacon, which adds even more fat and salt? A: Right. They've optimized those ingredients to maximize the drive for food. We used to eat for nutrition--to satisfy ourselves. Now we eat for stimulation. We're getting cued. We get that arousal. That attention. That release. The food isn't satisfying us. It's taking us on a roller coaster ride. Food Stimulation and Brain Activation! SALT Diet high in salt increases risk of high blood pressure Increases risk of heart attack and stroke Less than 2,400 mg. per day Grilled Chicken Club Sandwich McAlisters Deli How much sodium is in this club sandwich? To help reduce your sodium/salt intake, follow these low-sodium suggestions: Check sodium-content on food labels: choose lower sodium brands. Don't add salt when cooking. Go easy when adding salt at the table. Reduce intake of salty snacks. Reduce intake of restaurant food. Buy fresh cold meats instead of processed meats. Check canned foods for sodium content. If using foods canned in water, rinse thoroughly before eating. SUGAR A diet high in sugar has been linked to weight gain, which increases risk of heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and many more conditions Less than 40 grams of added sugar a day Chick-fil-A Cookies n Cream Milkshake How many grams of sugar are in this milkshake? Commercials from around the world Rethink your Drink Campaign https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oMvBSWQw_gc https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bskJpVrkYuE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=juDY9lW8Vhc How much sugar is in a can of coke? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yKZ2ZqBYlrI Video Clip: Discovery Ed Reality Matters: Obesity and Nutrition Segment 3: Consequences FAT A diet high in saturated fat and trans fat (bad) Increases cholesterol by increasing LDL levels Increases risk of heart attack and stroke Eat Less than 20 gram per day of saturated fat Eat 0 grams of Trans fat Unsaturated fat (good) Can lower cholesterol by increasing HDL levels decrease a persons risk of heart attack and stroke and stroke. Chilis Bar and Grill: Chicken Crispers with corn on the cob and fries CLUE Clue: Marthas blood work indicates: LDL Cholesterol 90 mg/dL HDL Cholesterol 65 mg/dL Video Clip: Supersize Me Trans Fat Why would a restaurant or food company use trans fat? What is the long term impact of trans fat in our bodies? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VMWq26zH_sU CLUE Clue: Joanna recently went to the doctor and her blood work indicated: MTHFR gene mutation LDL Cholesterol 190 mg/dL HDL Cholesterol 38 mg/dL Triglyceride level 210 mg/dL Low thyroid Reading Food Labels Option 1: With white boards With a partner, write down the good stuff and the bad stuff on separate boards. Option 2: Class analysis As a class, analyze the good vs. bad health content of each food label Chilis Bacon Burger (with cheese, mayo, lettuce, pickle, tomato) Chilis: Grilled Shrimp Alfredo Pasta Bojangles : Bacon, Egg, and Cheese Biscuit with Bo Rounds and large sweet tea McDonalds: Grilled Chicken Flatbread Sandwich (w/o cheese) and apple dippers with carmel sauce Classwork: Whats in your food? Here is your challenge: Take a closer look at the foods you eat at your favorite restaurant. 1. Research the nutrition facts of your favorite restaurant meal. 2. Record the nutrition facts for calories, saturated fat, trans fat, sodium, and added sugar for each part of the meal (including drink). 3. Add up all the parts of the meal to get a total amount of calories, fat, saturated fat, trans fat, sodium, and sugar for that meal. 4. Compare it to the daily recommended amount for a person on a 2,000 calorie per day diet. 5. Answer the following question in complete sentences: Based on your comparison to the total recommended allowance, is your food choice healthy? Why or why not? See board for resources Use assignment rubric Websites? What websites are valuable in finding health information and nutrition facts about restaurants?