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INSTITUT ALAM SEKITAR DAN PEMBANGUNAN INSTITUTE FOR ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT

No: 32 / Dec 2009

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Institut Alam Sekitar dan Pembangunan (LESTARI)(Institute for Environment and Development)Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 UKM BANGI, SelangorMALAYSIA

Tel: +603 8921 4144 / 4149

Fax: +03892 55104E-mail : lestari@ukm.myWebsite: www.ukm.my/lestari

Adaptation Research and Policy Network for Asia andthe Pacifc (ARPNAP)

ARPNAP aims to enhance interactions between researches

and policy makers in the region and to promote regional

cooperation in adaptation research and policy making.

ARPNAP will build on its links to existing global change

research programmes and networks to build capacity in the

region through the APN Project on Strengthening Capacity

for Policy Research on Mainstreaming Adaptation to Climate

Change in Agriculture and Water Sectors. Members of

ARPNAP are invited to participate and contribute their

expertise in all activities organized by the group. Interested

parties are requested to log on to http://www.ukm.my/apn

for more information and registration.

Founding members:

Malaysia: LESTARI-UKM, Malaysia

Role: Project coordination and implementation of activities

in Malaysia and networking in Archipelagic Southeast Asia

India: MS Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF),

Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Role: Project implementation in India and networking in

South Asia

Rekabentuk dan Grafk /

Design and Graphics

Nik Mohd Noor Faizul Md Saad

Ketua Editor Keluar Khas No.32

(2009) / Special Publication Lead

Editor for No.32 (2009)

Prof. Dr. Joy Jacqueline Pereira

Penolong Editor Keluaran Khas

No.32 (2009)/ Special Publication

Assistant Editor for No. 32 (2009)

Sh. Nur Eli Diyana bt Syed Ismail

Penyunting / Editors

Rospidah Ghazali

Dr. Ahmad Hezri Adnan

Penolong Editor /

Editorial Assistant

Wan Daraputri Razali

Penasihat / Advisors

Prof. Dr. Mazlin Bin Mokhtar

Prof. Dr. Mohd Shafeea Leman

Prof. Emeritus Dato Dr. Hood Salleh

Kandungan / Contents

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Langkawi Award goes to Prof. Dato Dr. Ibrahim Komoo Dari Meja Pengarah/ From The Director Malaysian Network for Research

on Climate, Environment and Development (MyCLIMATE) Current Research Initiatives of LESTARI on Climate Change Newly

Awarded APN-Funded Project, 2009 MyCLIMATE Events Workshop on Mainstreaming Adaptation to Climate Change In

Agriculture and Water Sectors MyCLIMATE in Action! Consolidating the National View on REDD Pendidikan Untuk

Pembangunan Lestari Kekurangan Bekalan dan Kenaikan Harga Beras: Punca dan Penyelesaian Penerbitan/ Publications

15Adaptation Research and Policy Network for Asia and the Pacic

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LANGKAWI AWARD goes toProf. Dato Dr. Ibrahim Komoo

Prof. Dato Dr. Ibrahim Komoo was awarded the Langkawi Award by the Government of Malaysia on 21st October 2009.

The award was presented to him at the launching ceremony of Malaysia Environmental Week National Level 2009 and the launching

of Rakan Alam Sekitar Sarawak State Level by Y.B. Datuk Patinggi Tan Sri Dr. George Chan Hong Nam, Deputy Chief Minister

of Sarawak at the Borneo Convention Centre, Sarawak. The most prestigious environmental award in Malaysia, which includes a

plaque, a certicate signed by D.Y.M.M. Seri Paduka Baginda Yang DiPertuan Agong and a cash prize, is given in recognition of

signicant contribution to the eld of environmental management, conservation and protection, locally and globally.

- Wan Daraputri Razali

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Vietnam: Vietnam Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Environment (IMHEN), Vietnam

Role: Project implementation in Vietnam and networking in Mekong countries

Japan: Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES), Hayama

Role: Project implementation in Japan, networking in East Asia and mentoring for developing methodologies in

adaptation policy research

Sidang Penyunting / Editorial Board

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FromT

heDirector

Dari Meja Pengarah

Dari Meja Pengarah

Pada 1 Oktober 2009, LESTARI telah menyambut ulang tahun penubuhannya

yang ke-15. Memulakan operasinya dengan empat program penyelidikan,

kini LESTARI telah mempunyai 9 Kumpulan Teras dibawah tiga buah Pusat

Penyelidikan dengan lebih 30 buah projek, dibiayai oleh pelbagai agensi di

peringkat kebangsaan dan antarabangsa. Pencapaian ini adalah membanggakan!

Kami juga amat berbangga dengan kejayaan Prof. Dato Dr. Ibrahim Komoo, Felo

Utama LESTARI dan Pengarah SEADPRI-UKM yang telah menerima Anugerah

Langkawi 2009. Tahniah! Isu Salam LESTARI pada kali ini berfokus kepada

salah satu Kumpulan Teras di LESTARI iaitu Malaysian Network for Research on

Climate, Environment and Development (MyCLIMATE). MyCLIMATE ditubuhkan

pada 2006 dengan kerjasama dan sokongan daripada Kementerian Sumber Asli

dan Alam Sekitar. Agenda-agenda mengenai perubahan iklim diperkasakan

oleh MyCLIMATE di peringkat kebangsaan dan antarabangsa melalui penyelidik-

penyelidiknya. Kajian Dasar Perubahan Iklim bertindak sebagai tunjang kepada

Dasar Perubahan Iklim Negara pada masa akan datang. Penyelidikan ini

memberikan input kepada National Focal Point dibawah United Nations

Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). MyCLIMATE kini menerajui sebuah projek yang dibiayai oleh APN

bertemakan Strengthening Capacity for Policy Research in Mainstreaming Climate Change. Hasil yang dijangkakan daripada

penyelidikan ini ialah satu rangkaian penyelidikan yang dinamakan Adaptation Research and Policy Network for Asia and the

Pacic (ARPNAP) yang terdiri daripada penggerak utama agenda perubahan iklim di peringkat serantau. Melalui ARPNAP,

penyelidik MyCLIMATE dapat menyalurkan hasil penyelidikan mereka kepada 5th Assessment Report of the Interngovernmental

Panel On Climate Change (IPCC) yang dijangka terbit pada 2013. Semoga MyCLIMATE terus maju dalam penyelidikannya

untuk kesejahteraan manusia sejagat

Terima kasih.

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LESTARI celebrated its 15th anniversary on 1 October 2009. From its humble beginnings of four research programmes, LESTARI

now consists of three Reseach Centres, hosting nine Core Groups, with over 30 projects, annually funded by various national and

international agencies. This is an achievement that we are proud of! We are also proud of Prof. Dato Dr. Ibrahim Komoo, Principal

Fellow of LESTARI and Director of the Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Institute (SEADPRI-UKM), who received the

Langkawi Award 2009. Congratulations! This issue of Salam LESTARI focuses on the Malaysian Network for Research on Climate,

Environment and Development (MyCLIMATE), one of the nine Core Groups at LESTARI. MyCLIMATE was established in 2006

with support from the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment. Through its researchers, MyCLIMATE has championed

the climate change agenda at national and regional levels. The Policy Study on Climate Change has served as the basis for the

upcoming National Policy on Climate Change. The study has also provided inputs to the National Focal Point of the United Nations

Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in framing the countrys positions on that platform. MyCLIMATE now

helms the prestigious APN-funded Project on Strengthening Capacity for Policy Research in Mainstreaming Climate Change. An

expected outcome of this project is the Adaptation Research and Policy Network for Asia and the Pacic (ARPNAP), comprising

the main movers of the climate change agenda in the region. LESTARI envisions that MyCLIMATE through ARPNAP, will mobilize

key researchers in the region and channel their ndings to the 5th Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate

Change (IPCC), which is due in 2013. We wish MyCLIMATE all the best in their endeavours for the benet of mankind.

Thank you.

Penerbitan Publications

MANAGING CONSTRUCTION WASTE IN MALAYSIA

Editors: Joy Jacqueline Pereira, Mohd Dahlan Jantan and Gerald Sundaraj

This book is published by the Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti

Kebangsaan Malaysia, based on ndings of the research project on Waste Minimisation and

Recycling Potential of Construction Materials funded by the Construction Industry Board (CIDB),

Malaysia. The book is divided into four main sections comprising 15 articles from numerous

disciplines which discuss various issues on construction waste management. Papers in this

book were presented at roundtable dialogues, seminars and workshops organized during the

project period, from 2002 to 2005. The rst section of this book contains ve articles focused

on policy and economic considerations. Section two presents ve more articles related to

rock aggregates and concrete. Three papers on timber and wood waste are included in the

third section. The fourth section presents two articles on waste management experiences in

Malaysia.

THE POLITICS OF CLIMATE CHANGE: INTERNATIONAL RESPONSES AND MALAYSIA

Author: Sham Sani

This monograph is concerned with the politics of climate change. It examines international

responses and Malaysias state of preparedness in coping with climate change issues both

at home and abroad. The paper begins with some brief remarks about the science of climate

change and its impacts and consequences both globally and locally in Malaysia. Against this

background, the politics of climate change is discussed with a focus on three major areas

i.e. the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol,

the development of international groupings and coalitions in the climate change regime, and

the outcome of the recent UNFCCC meeting in Bali in December 2007.

ROUND TABLE DIALOGUES NO. 17: A NEW APPROACH TO CLIMATE CHANGE:

BALANCING ADAPTATION AND MITIGATIONEditors: Raja Zaharaton Raja Zainal Abidin, Joy Jacqueline Pereira, Koh Fui Pin and

Tan Ching Tiong

The Roundtable Dialogue on A New Approach to Climate Change: Balancing Adaptation and

Mitigation was held on 25 February 2008. It was jointly organized by the Institute for Environment

and Development (LESTARI), UKM; the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (NRE);

the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Malaysia; and the Institute of Strategic

and International Studies (ISIS). About 50 participants from government agencies, research

institutes, universities, corporate sector, non-governmental and inter-governmental organizations

participated in this Round Table Dialogue. The group represented a multidisciplinary background

ranging from the sciences, physical planning, economics and nance to social sciences.

LESTARI ANNUAL REPORT 2008

Annual Report Comittee Members : Mazlin bin Mokhtar, Saiful Arif Abdullah, Ahmad Fariz

Mohamed, Nik Mohd Noor Faizul Md Saad, Wan Daraputri Razali, Nurul Safaniza Che Ani,

Bisharuzi Omar, Rd. Puteri Khairani Khirotdin, Akmalhisham Jasni and Sharina Abdul Halim.

This annual report contains research and development activities which were conducted by

Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI) during the year 2008. This report also

contains details of postgraduate programmes offered at LESTARI, seminars, workshops and

symposium organized by LESTARI and a list of LESTARI publications during the year 2008.

Prof. Dr. Mazlin Bin Mokhtar

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PenyelidikanResearch

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Artikel

Article

MALAYSIAN NETWORK FOR RESEARCHON CLIMATE, ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT

(MyCLIMATE)

The Malaysian Network for Research on Climate,

Environment and Development (MyCLIMATE), aims to

consolidate partnerships among researchers within UKM,

strengthen linkages with government agencies, the private

sector, non-government organisations, community-based

organisations and universities, to conduct R&D that is

policy relevant. MyCLIMATE is currently undertaking major

initiatives at the national and regional levels. These include

the following:

Policy Study on Climate Change;

Assessment of Socio-Economic Impacts and

Responses, Vulnerability & Adaptation Working Group of

Malaysias Second National Communication; and

APN-CAPaBLE Programme: Strengthening Capacity forPolicy Research on Mainstreaming Adaptation to Climate

Change in Agriculture and Water Sectors.

The Secretariat of MyCLIMATE is hosted by the Institute

for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti

Kebangsaan Malaysia and supported by the Ministry

of Natural Resources and Environment Malaysia. The

UKM membership of MyCLIMATE comprises the Policy

Tools and Responses Research Group within the Climate

Change Policy Responses Research Cluster of UKMs

Climate Change Research Niche, which is chaired by

Prof. Dr. Sharifah Mastura Syed Abdullah. Through UKM

members, MyCLIMATE provides research support to the

National Focal Point for UNFCCC and the National Steering

Committee on Climate Change in planning, coordinating

and reviewing the implementation of climate change

activities at national, state and local levels. MyCLIMATE

has also developed a Directory of Climate Change

Experts in Malaysia, encompassing researchers and

experts in government agencies, universities, communitybased organisations, non-government organisations and

the private sector. For more information, please log on to:

www.ukm.my/myc

dengan barangan perkilangan yang mampu bertindakbalas

pantas apabila berlakunya peningkatan permintaan.

Kesediaan faktor-faktor pengeluaran seperti tanah,

buruh, input-input pertanian, bekalan air dan faktor cuaca

merupakan

batasan-batasan kepada penyelesaian segera.

Oleh demikian penyelesaian jangka panjang melibatkan

penggubalan dasar dan strategi makro untuk menangani

isu ini.

Pertumbuhan output merupakan penyelesaian jangka

panjang untuk menangani kekurangan bekalan dan kenaikan

harga. Bagi menjayakannya sektor pertanian perlu diransangterutamanya kepada tanaman berasaskan bijirin. Usaha

ini memerlukan pakej atau gabungan strategi merangkumi

dasar, insentif dan galakan, R&D, khidmat pengembangan,

pendidikan dan latihan, pemasaran, infrastruktur dan kapasiti

penyimpanan. Wujud pendapat bahawa Revolusi Hijau

Fasa Kedua perlu dilancarkan untuk menangani masalah

pertumbuhan output.

Di kalangan negara maju, halangan dagangan sektor

pertanian masih lagi tinggi walaupun beberapa perubahan

di bawah perjanjian perdagangan serantau dan dua hala

telah dimeterai merangkumi penghapusan subsidi, bayaran

pindahan, kuota dan beberapa bentuk perlindungan lain.

Namun jurang ketidaksamaan antara negara maju dan

negara miskin masih luas dan pasaran eksport lebih berpihak

kepada negara pertanian maju. Di bawah dasar liberalisasi

perdagangan, ketidakadilan semakin melebar. Pembukaan

pasaran domestik kepada negara luar menyebabkan produk

tempatan perlu bersaing dengan produk eksport yang jauh

lebih murah dan berkualiti.

Negara pertanian miskin kurang cekap dalam pelbagai

aspek terpaksa bersaing negara kaya yang mempunyai

kelebihan seperti skala pengeluaran, adaptasi teknik dan

teknologi moden, buruh mahir dan berilmu, tanah luas dan

keupayaan modal. Oleh demikian, sektor pertanian negara

miskin tidak mampu bersaing dan dalam jangka masa

panjang petani terpaksa meninggalkan ladang mereka

untuk mencari peluang-peluang penghidupan lain. Keadilan

perdagangan antarabangsa perlu diwujudkan bukan sahaja

untuk negara miskin tetapi kepada keselamatan dan

kesejahteraan manusia sejagat.

Negara Sedang Membangun perlu menambah pelaburan

R&D pertanian, khidmat pengembangan, memperbaiki

sistem infrastruktur pertanian dan kemudahan asas luar

bandar dan juga akses pasaran untuk petani kecil. Setelah

sekian lama pelaburan luar bandar diabaikan, maka ini

adalah masa untuk mereka memperbaiki dan menyemak

semula dasar pembangunan pertanian dan luar bandar

di negara masing-masing. Pembaikan kemudahan luar

bandar seperti bekalan air, elektrik, komunikasi juga harus

dilakukan secara berterusan bagi meningkatkan akses

penduduk kepada makanan dan seterusnya kualiti hidup

mereka.- Rospidah Ghazali

oleh Rospidah Ghazali

Tanjung Karang, Selangor

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ArtikelArticle

POLICY STUDY ON CLIMATE CHANGE

The Policy Study on Climate Change is conducted by the

Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI),

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. The study is funded under

the Ninth Malaysia Plan, 2006-2010 (RMK 9) by the Ministry

of Natural Resources and Environment (NRE). The aim of

the project is to develop a national policy and strategieson climate change in fostering sustainable development in

Malaysia to meet the needs of the country and respond to the

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

(UNFCCC). A major outcome of this study is the draft of

National Policy on Climate Change based on stakeholder

consultations. Another major outcome of this project is

the establishment of the Malaysian Network for Research

on Climate, Environment & Development (MyCLIMATE).

MyCLIMATE provides research support to the National Focal

Point for UNFCCC in climate change activities at national,

state and local levels. The study was awarded a gold medal

at the 19th International Invention, Innovation and Technology

Exhibition (ITEX 2008) organised by the Malaysian Invention

and Design Society (MINDS) in May 2008.

CLIMATE RESILIENT DEVELOPMENT LINKING

SCIENCE AND GOVERNANCE FOR SUSTAINABILITY

This agship project of UKM was initiated by the Southeast

Asia Disaster Prevention Research Institute (SEADPRI-

UKM) in collaboration with the Institute for Environment

and Development (LESTARI, UKM) and various faculties of

UKM. The aim of the project is to review and adapt suitable

methodologies for assessing vulnerability and adaptive

capacity to climate change at the local level in a tropical

region, and to reduce risk of disasters and negative impacts

to livelihood. Local level case studies will be conducted and

its ndings documented in peer reviewed journals to benet

the preparation process of the 5th Assessment Report of the

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

READINESS AND CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE OF

MALAYSIAN SOCIETY

Climate change has the potential to create negative impactsto the community especially to the economy, livelihood and

health. It is important to understand its potential impacts to

the community to assess how resilient they are in managing

after effect of any disasters related to climate change.

This project was designed to understand the readiness of

community towards changes in climate and the environment.

One of the key elements of importance for mitigation is

reduction of carbon emission from human activities. Case

studies will be conducted on how to bring about carbon

reduction through behavioral changes at the community

level. The state of community resilience in responding to

extreme weather will also be studied. The ethical living

concept willserve as the basis for this study.

THE ASIA-PACIFIC NETWORK FOR GLOBAL CHANGE

RESEARCH (APN) PROJECT

The Asia-Pacic Network for Global Change ResearchProject on Strengthening Capacity for Policy Research

on Mainstreaming Adaptation to Climate Change in

Agriculture and Water Sectors was initiated by the

Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI),

UKM and the Institute for Global Environmental Strategies

(IGES), Hayama, Japan, with support from the MS

Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF), India and

Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Environment

(IMHEN), Vietnam. Other collaborators include University

of Philippines Los Banos (Philippines), Royal University

of Phnom Penh (Cambodia) and Institute of Technology

Bandung (Indonesia). The project is funded by the Asia-

Pacic Network for Global Change Research and will be

conducted over three years from 2009 to 2012. The project

aims to strengthen research capacity on mainstreaming

climate change adaptation in the agriculture and water

sectors and also create a network for adaptation policy

research in Asia. The project is currently expanding its

partnership to researchers and policy makers in the region.

Interested parties are invited to participate and contribute in

all activities organised by the group to build capacity and

enhance awareness on climate change adaptation.

SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS AND RESPONSE

SUPPORT GROUP

Malaysia has started preparing its Second National

Communication since 2006. Three working groups were

established for this purpose i.e. Greenhouse Gas Inventory,

Vulnerability and Adaptation, and Mitigation. Within the

Vulnerability and Adaptation Working Group chaired by the

National Hydraulic Research Institute of Malaysia (NAHRIM),

a support group on Socio-Economic Impacts and Response

has been established for the rst time, to include social and

economic aspects into Malaysias National Communication.The Support Group is chaired by LESTARI-UKM and aims

to strengthen socio-economic inputs for seven key sectors

i.e. water, agriculture, marine and coastal resources,

biodiversity, forestry, energy and public health. The initial

expected outcomes from this Support Group is to harmonise

the methodologies for socio-economic impact assessment

in the key sectors. Overall socio-economic assessments

will then be conducted on a region specic basis.

Current Research Initiatives of LESTARI onCLIMATE CHANGE

Menurut Badan Makanan dan Pertanian (FAO), kenaikan

mendadak harga beras global telah dikesan semenjak bulan

Januari 2008 di mana meningkat sebanyak 20 peratus.

Walau bagaimanpun kenaikan sebanyak dua kali ganda

harga beras telah pun berlaku semenjak tahun 2000 lagi.

Penganalisis ekonomi membahagikan punca kekurangan

bekalan dan kenaikan harga beras global kepada beberapa

faktor utama.

Pengeluaran padi dan beras terutamanya di negara

pengeluar utama dunia seperti Thailand, Vietnam, India

dan Pakistan tidak meningkat berbanding semasa fasaRevolusi Hijau pada 1960an hingga 1970an. Kelembapan

pengeluaran padi dan beras menyebabkan berlaku

ketidakseimbangan dalam permintaan dan penawaran

beras. Penambahan permintaan didorong oleh pertumbuhan

penduduk yang pesat. Stok beras antarabangsa semakin

menyusut. Dalam pada itu, kos pengeluaran per hektar

semakin meningkat dan ia berpunca oleh kenaikan dalam

kos input seperti baja, racun kawalan perosak, benih dan

upah buruh. Serangan penyakit, makhluk perosak yang

menyerang sawah padi bukan sahaja telah mengurangkan

hasil, malahan turut membawa kepada kemusnahan

keseluruhan tanaman.

Perkembangan ekonomi global menyaksikan ekonomi dunia

terutamanya China dan India bertumbuh tinggi. Proses

perindustrian dan perbandaran berlaku dengan pantas dan

pendapatan per kapita rakyat mereka juga meningkat. Ini

mendorong mereka meningkatkan permintaan terhadap

beras dan berasaskan beras. Dalam pada itu, muncul

negara-negara pengguna beras baru seperti di wilayah

Afrika yang beralih kepada komoditi beras dan berasaskan

beras. Peralihan diet daripada berasaskan bijirin gandum

berpunca daripada harga gandum yang tinggi berbanding

harga beras. Kekurangan bekalan dan kenaikan harga

beras juga disumbangkan oleh pengurangan pelaburan dan

perkembangan perlahan daripada aktiviti-aktiviti penyelidikan

dan pembangunan (R&D) dan pembaikan infrastruktur

sistem pengairan terutama di negara-negara pengeluar

padi dan beras utama. Pelaburan R&D untuk menghasilkan

benih padi dan penemuan teknik penanaman moden adalah

perlahan kerana faktor kekurangan dana penyelidikan dan

komitmen di kalangan badan penyelidikan antarabangsa

dan negara-negara maju.

Faktor kemerosotan sumber asli dan alam sekitar turutmenyumbang kepada kekurangan bekalan dan kenaikan

harga beras. Tanah dan air sebagai input penting kepada

aktiviti ini telah berkurangan. Kawasan padi berpengairan

mengalami penguncupan kesan penukaran jenis guna tanah

kepada tanaman lain yang lebih bernilai komersial seperti

sayur-sayuran dan buah-buahan. Dalam pada itu, amalan

sistem intensikasi monokultur iaitu menanam padi dua atau

tiga kali setahun dalam jangka masa panjang, penggunaan

input kimia seperti racun kawalan perosak dan baja yang

keterlaluan menyebabkan tanah mengalami gangguan

kesuburan dan memerlukan rawatan pemulihan untuk

jangka masa panjang. Sementara itu wujud persaingan

antara jenis guna tanah pertanian dan lain-lain jenis guna

tanah seperti perindustrian dan perbandaran. Pembukaan

kawasan pengairan baru bagi negara-negara yang masih

mempunyai sumber tanah pula memerlukan kos modal dan

kos alam sekitar yang amat tinggi. Masalah kekurangan

sumber bekalan air turut mempengaruhi pengeluaran padi

secara berterusan. Persaingan penggunaan air berlaku

antara aktiviti pertanian, keperluan domestik, perindustrian

dan perbandaran. Kekurangan bekalan air menyebabkan

terdapat beberapa kawasan padi, contohnya di India tidak

dapat diusahakan.

Perubahan dan ketidaktentuan iklim dunia merupakan

cabaran alam sekitar semasa yang menyumbang kepada

kekurangan bekalan dan kenaikan harga beras global.

Kejadian banjir, ribut, taufan dan kemarau berpanjangan

menyebabkan hasil pengeluaran padi berkurangan.

Contohnya, fenomena kemarau berpanjangan pada tahun

2007 di Australia telah menyebabkan eksport beras dari

negara berkenaan terhenti. Sementara kejadian taufan di

Bangladesh pada awal tahun 2008 telah menyebabkan

negara berkenaan terpaksa merayu bantuan makanan

antarabangsa untuk mengelakkan rakyatnya kebuluran.

Preskripsi dasar dan strategi berbentuk jangka pendek dan

jangka panjang digubal dan dilaksanakan bagi mengatasi

masalah ini. Penyelesaian jangka pendek lebih mensasarkan

golongan termiskin dan berpendapatan rendah yang

tinggal di bandar dan luar bandar. Dianggarkan lebih

60 peratus pendapatan yang mereka perolehi digunakan

untuk membeli keperluan makanan. Kenaikan harga beras

bermakna mereka perlu mengurangkan penggunaan beras

atau mengurangkan perbelanjaan ke atas makanan lain

seperti ikan, daging dan sayur-sayuran yang penting

kepada kesihatan zikal dan mental. Golongan miskin

terutamanya kanak-kanak dan ibu-ibu mengandung

memerlukan perhatian segera agar kesihatan mereka tidak

terencat dan terganggu. Bagi menangani masalah ini strategi

meningkatkan program-program perlindungan sosial atau

juga dikenali sebagai program jaringan keselamatan (safety

nets programs). Bantuan makanan seimbang dan berzat

diperkenalkan di sekolah-sekolah atau di kawasan-kawasan

pedalaman yang terletak jauh dari pasaran. Bantuan

langsung seperti bantuan bekalan makanan, bantuan

pendapatan dan program makanan berzat disasarkan terus

kepada golongan yang dikenalpasti. Organisasi atau badanpemakanan dan pertanian antarabangsa seperti Pertubuhan

Kesihatan Dunia (WHO), Program Makanan Dunia (WFP),

FAO, Institut Penyelidikan Beras Antarabangsa (IRRI)

dan Institut Penyelidikan Dasar Makanan Antarabngsa

(IFPRI) telah bergerak lebih proaktif merangka program

berkaitan pemakanan, kesihatan, penyelidikan dan bantuan

makanan.

Meningkatkan bekalan beras secara drastik sukar dilakukan

kerana ciri-ciri komoditi pertanian adalah berbeza

>> muka surat 14

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Article

Newly Awarded APN-FUNDED PROJECT, 2009

Workshop on Mainstreaming Adaptation to Climate Change in Agriculture and Water Sectors, Corus Hotel, Kuala Lumpur

Analysis of policies in select countries revealed thatimportant decisions in the agriculture and water sectors,including reservoir construction and canal design are

implemented without consideration of projected impacts of

climate change. One of the most important barriers identied

was the limited capacity of researches in the region toprovide adaptation policy-relevant information. For example,

research on indicators for monitoring the effectiveness of

adaptation options at different spatial scales is completely

lacking. Networking and communication among researchers

and policy makers focusing on adaptation is also extremely

limited. It was in this context that a project on Strengthening

Capacity for Policy Research on Mainstreaming Adaptation

to Climate Change in Agriculture and Water Sectors was

initiated in August 2009 by the Institute for Environment

and Development, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

(LESTARI,UKM), in collaboration with the Institute for Global

Environmental Strategies (IGES), Japan, M.S. Swaminathan

Research Foundation (MSSRF), India, and Institute of

Meteorology, Hydrology and Environment (IMHEN), Vietnam.

The project, which is funded by the Asia Pacic Network for

Global Change Research under its CAPaBLE Programme,

aims to strengthen research capacity on mainstreaming

climate change adaptation concerns into agricultural and

water policies and also to create a network for adaptation

policy research in Asia.

The project adopts a three-pronged approach to strengthen

research capacity on adaptation in the agriculture and

water sectors. Firstly, identication of practical options for

mainstreaming and metrics for monitoring the effectiveness

of adaptation policies and measures; secondly, exchange of

adaptation policy-relevant information through creation of a

network called ARPNAP (Adaptation Research and Policy

Network for Asia and Pacic); and lastly, dissemination of

outputs beyond the project boundaries. A comprehensive

assessment of national capacity for research and policy

making on adaptation will be conducted through indicators

such as number of research institutions, researchers, and

policy makers, and policies that integrate climate change

concerns. Technical, institutional and regulatory barriersto integrating climate change adaptation concerns at both

policy and operational levels will be examined, with a view

to provide tools to assess progress in adaptation in a

measurable manner, and contribute to shaping of nationally

appropriate adaption polices and measures within the

context of sustainable development.

The project will contribute to the characterization of

adaptive policies and identifying gaps in existing agriculture

and water policies. A framework for developing adaptive

policies and assessing the effectiveness of adaptation

investments will assist decision makers by providing a

reference against which evaluators and stakeholders at all

levels can monitor progress on adaptation. Project ndings

will be disseminated through project reports, peer reviewed

articles, UNFCCC COP side events and the project website.

ARPNAP will be linked to the NetRes (Network of Research

Institutions) initiative under APFED (Asia Pacic Forum for

Environment and Development) of IGES, NWP (Nairobi

Work Programme) and LCA (Linking Climate Adaptation)

mailing lists. The proposed ARPNAP network will be unique

in the region to enhance interactions between researchers

and policy makers. It is currently expanding its membership

and welcoming all experts in the region to contribute their

expertise. Interested parties are requested to log on to

our project website at http://www.ukm.my/apn for more

information and registration.

- Sh. Nur Eli Diyana, Tan Ching Tiong &

Mohd Khairul Zain

Oleh itu, Bangsa-bangsa Bersatu melalui UNESCO sebagai

agensi penggerak telah mengiystiharkan tahun 2005

2014 sebagai Dekad Pendidikan untuk Pembangunan

Lestari. Di Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) telah

mengambil inisiatif untuk mempelopori gagasan pendidikan

untuk pembangunan lestari melalui pengwujudan sebuah

pusat dan melaksanakan beberapa program di peringkat

kebangsaan dan rantauan.

Pada umumnya, pendidikan untuk pembangunan lestari

memberikan perhatian kepada usaha untuk mengintegrasikan

prinsip, nilai dan amalan pembangunan lestari ke dalamsemua aspek pendidikan dan pembelajaran. Pendekatan

pendidikan, sama ada formal dan tidak kepada semua

golongan masyarakat pelajar hingga masyarakat awam

dilihat sebagai strategi jangka panjang yang paling kritikal

bagi mengubah set minda masyarakat untuk memahami dan

menghayati isu kelestarian, serta mengambil tindakan positif

melaksanakan agenda pembangunan lestari.

Pembangunan lestari memberikan tumpuan kepada

beberapa prinsip sejagat yang merentas budaya, agama dan

bangsa. Prinsip ini perlu diterapkan dalam semua disiplin ilmu

yang didedahkan kepada pelajar dan masyarakat. Beberapa

prinsip penting yang boleh diterapkan ialah:

Berhati-hati tindakan yang telah diambil sebelum

memperolehi bukti saintik sesuatu itu boleh memberi impak

negatif kepada alam sekitar atau kesejahteraan komunitilazimnya akan mengakibatkan kerosakan yang luar dugaan

terhadap masyarakat dan alam. Ini merupakan tindakan

mementingkan diri dan tidak adil kepada generasi akan

datang;

Saling-bergantung Masyarakat, ekonomi dan alam sekitar

tabii adalah saling-bergantung. Semua hidupan, termasuk

manusia adalah bergantung antara satu sama lain, mereka

dijalin melalui kitaran tabii dan sistem ekologi;

Kualiti kehidupan dan keadilan kualiti kehidupan bergantung

kepada sistem ekonomi, sosial dan alam sekitar yang

melahirkan komuniti semasa dan akan datang yang sihat,

produktif dan mempunyai makna hidup. Semua manusia

mempunyai hak dan peluang yang sama untuk meneruskan

kualiti hidup yang boleh diterima;

Keupayaan tampungan keupayaan tampungan suatu

ekosistem ialah jumlah penduduk yang boleh ditampung

secara berterusan tanpa memudaratkan sumber dan

perkhidmatan yang diberikan oleh ekosistem tersebut; dan

Warga dunia semua manusia adalah warga dunia yang

menggunakan sumber asli yang terhad, yang mengamalkan

kepenggunaan yang mencemar dan menyebabkan degradasi

alam sekitar. Manusia perlu bersifat warga dunia yang

bertanggungjawab.

Prinsip-prinsip di atas lazimnya terabai apabila pendidikan

tertumpu kepada objektif dan kandungan disiplin ilmu.

Pendidikan untuk pembangunan lestari boleh diterapkan

secara beransur-ansur dalam sistem pendidikan negara. Pada

peringkat awal prinsip, nilai dan amalan boleh diterapkan dalam

semua mata pelajaran dan disiplin pendidikan. Bagaimanapun,

akhirnya pendidikan lestari perlu memberikan tumpuan kepada

hubung-kait antara disiplin dan pembinaan kurikulum yang

bersifat terintegrasi dan holistik.

Individu, komuniti, masyarakat dan bangsa yang terdidik

mengenai pembangunan lestari merupakan penggerak utama

untuk melihat pembangunan sesebuah negara secara lestari

dan benteng terakhir untuk mempertahankan bumi dari terus

termusnah oleh tindak tanduk manusia.

- Ibrahim Komoo

Kekurangan Bekalan dan Kenaikan Harga Beras:Punca dan Penyelesaian

Penghujung tahun 2007, dunia dikejutkan denganagation, iaitu berlaku kenaikan inasi ke atasbarangan berasaskan pertanian kesan daripada kenaikan

berterusan harga komoditi berkenaan. Pengguna miskin

di serata dunia yang begitu tertekan dengan situasi ini

melakukan bantahan atas kenaikan harga bijirin seperti

beras, gandum, jagung dan soya. Kekurangan bekalan

dan kenaikan harga bermula pada Disember 2007 di mana

rakyat Mexico telah melakukan kekacauan membantah

kenaikan mendadak harga tortilla yang meningkat empat

kali ganda berbanding sebelumnya. Warga Indonesia pula

melakukan protes jalanan atas kenaikan harga kacang

soya. Pada Februari 2008, para pembantah di tiga buah

bandar utama Burkina Faso telah menyerang pejabat

kerajaan dan kedai-kedai atas kenaikan harga makanan

dan lain-lain keperluan asas. Penduduk Haiti melakukan

keganasan apabila kehabisan bekalan beras sehingga

dilaporkan kematian akibat kelaparan. Keadaan darurat

ini menggesa badan-badan antarabangsa campurtangan

memberi bantuan makanan kecemasan, namun bekalan

hanya mencukupi untuk beberapa hari sahaja. Setiausaha

Agung Pertubuhan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu (PBB), Ban Ki-

moon telah mengisytiharkan bahawa krisis makanan dunia

kini sudah sampai ke tahap kecemasan dan mengancam

keselamatan makanan global.

Beras merupakan salah satu komoditi bijirin yang mengalami

kekurangan bekalan dan kenaikan harga mendadak.

>> muka surat 13

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ArticleMyCLIMATE Events

On behalf of LESTARI-UKM, the Ministry of Natural

Resources and Environment (NRE) and other collaborators,

MyCLIMATE has organised the following activities:

1. Workshop on Mainstreaming Adaptation to

Climate Change in Agriculture and Water

Sectors

Corus Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, 10-11 August 2009

2. National Workshop on Reducing Emissions

from Deforestation and Forest Degradation

(REDD)

Legend Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, 12 March 2009

3. Dialogue on Indicators for Climate Change

and Sustainable Development

Hotel Pan Pacic KLIA, 5 March 2009

4. Review of Macro Economic Models

Application for Assessing Climate Change

Impact on Various Economic Sectors

LESTARI-UKM, 25 February 2009

5. Workshop on Socio-Economic Impact

Assessment Tools for Climate Change

Klana Beach Resort, Seremban,

24-25 November 2008

6. Training Course on Vulnerability Assessment

for Climate Change Adaptation: The Spatial

Planning Perspective

Danau Golf Club, UKM Bangi, 17 October 2008

7. National Consultation on the Draft National

Policy on Climate Change

Palm Garden Hotel, Putrajaya,

24 25 September 2008

8. Consultation with Business and Industry

Groups Policy Framework on Climate

Change

Danau Golf Club, UKM Bangi, 1 August 2008

9. Consultation with the NGOs Policy

Framework on Climate Change

Danau Golf Club, UKM Bangi, 23 July 2008

10. Roundtable Dialogue on A New Approach

to Climate Change: Balancing Adaptation

and Mitigation

Bilik Majlis, Bangunan Canselori UKM,

25 February 2008

Members of MyCLIMATE have actively participated in key

meetings on climate change at national and international

levels. Selected meetings are listed below:

1. United Nations Climate Change Conference

2009 (COP 15), organised by United Nations

Framework Convention on Climate Change

(UNFCCC), Copenhagen, Denmark7-18 December 2009

2. Barcelona Climate Change Talks 2009,

organised by UNFCCC, Barcelona, Spain

2-6 November 2009

3. 31st Session of the IPCC, organised by

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

(IPCC), Bali, Indonesia

26-29 October 2009

4. Workshop on Environmental Science

Research Field Study organised by

Royal University of Phnom Penh & United

Nations University, Phnom Penh, Cambodia,

25 July 2009

5. Scoping Meeting for the IPCC 5th

Assessment Report (AR5), Venice Italy

13-17 July 2009

6. Environmental Policy: A Multinational

Conference On Policy Analysis and Teaching

Methods organised by KDI School of Public Policy

& Management, Seoul, South Korea,

11-13 June 2009

7. Workshop of Working Group on

Vulnerability & Adaptation, Second

National Communication (NC2) organised

by National Hydraulic Research Institute

Malaysia, First World Hotel, Genting Highland

27-28 April 2009

8 United Nations Climate Change Conference2008 (COP14), organised by UNFCCC,

Poznan, Poland

2-13 December 2008

9 3rd Asian Ministerial Conference on Disaster

Risk Reduction organised by National Security

Council Malaysia & International Strategy for

Disaster Reduction (ISDR), Kuala Lumpur,

2-4 December 2008

>> to page 7

Pendidikan untuk Pembangunan Lestari

Cukup bukti saintik yang menunjukkan tindak tandukmanusia melaksanakan pembangunan ketika inimenuju ke arah ketidaklestarian! Kualiti alam sekitar

sedang mengalami kemerosotan sumber asli, tenaga dan

bahan asas, sumber air dan udara juga semakin tercemar.

Pada masa yang sama, kadar kemiskinan penduduk dunia

bertambah, dan jurang perbezaan antara yang kaya dan

miskin semakin meluas. Manusia masih berkelakuan

yang sama jadi tidak ada salahnya cara kita membangunsekarang! Alam sekitar tidak memerlukan manusia, tetapi

manusia memerlukan alam sekitar untuk terus hidup di

permukaan bumi ini.

Warga dunia yang prihatin sedar aliran pembangunan

yang membimbangkan ini akan membawa seluruh warga

dunia menuju ke arah kemusnahan. Dalam Persidangan

Kemuncak Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu di Rio de Janeiro pada

tahun 1992, satu deklarasi mengenai Alam Sekitar dan

Pembangunan telah dipersetujui oleh kebanyakan negara

dunia, termasuk Malaysia. Pada prinsipnya, pemimpin

dunia sepakat untuk melaksanakan Agenda 21 iaitu satu

agenda pembangunan abad ke-21 yang akan memberikan

perhatian kepada pembangunan lestari!

Apa itu pemban gunan lesta ri? Secar a prins ipnya

pembangunan lestari boleh ditakrifkan sebagai pembangunan

yang memenuhi keperluan masyarakat semasa tanpa

menyekat keupayaan generasi akan datang untuk memenuhi

keperluan mereka. Walaupun kenyataan ini nampaknya

mudah, usaha untuk menterjemahkan kepada program

dan aktiviti pembangunan yang bersifat lestari adalah

sangat sukar dan kompleks. Ia menuntut perubahan set

minda dan pengukuhan iltizam dari semua golongan pihak

berkepentingan seperti ahli politik, pembuat dan pelaksana

dasar, pihak peniaga, dan masyarakat awam.

Malaysia respon kepada keperluan untuk berubah ke arah

pembangunan lestari dengan pelbagai cara. Di peringkat

institusi, perancangan pembangunan ekonomi mula

memberikan perhatian kepada keperluan untuk memulihara

alam sekitar dan sumber asli. Sesetengah agensi pelaksana

telah memulakan peranannya dengan memperkenalkan

konsep kelestarian sektoral dengan mengambil kira

unsur kelestarian dalam sektor pembangunan masing-masing. Di Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)

umpamanya, telah menubuhkan Institut Alam Sekitar dan

Pembangunan (LESTARI) pada tahun 1994. LESTARI

berusaha untuk menyelidik dan memberikan latihan bagi

membolehkan pendekatan, kemahiran dan pengetahuan

untuk melaksanakan pembangunan lestari disalurkan

kepada pelbagai pihak berkepentingan, terutamanya kepada

institusi penggubal dan pelaksana dasar.

Selepas lebih 15 tahun Deklarasi Rio dilaksanakan oleh

kebanyakan negara dunia, aliran pembangunan yang

bersifat tidak lestari masih berterusan. Bagi kebanyakan

negara, terutamanya negara Malaysia, cabaran utama untuk

melaksanakan agenda pembangunan lestari ialah:

Sistem pendidikan di peringkat sekolah hingga ke

universiti adalah bersifat disiplin atau sektor. Oleh itu,

kemahiran berkir dan cara membuat keputusan oleh

kebanyakan warga juga bersifat disiplin dan berasas sektor.

Pembangunan lestari pada umumnya menuntut tindakanbersifat holistik dan terintegrasi. Pendekatan dan tindakan

untuk pembangunan lestari memerlukan keupayaan berkir

secara multi-disiplin dan rentas-sektor. Oleh itu, keupayaan

untuk melaksanakan perancangan pembangunan lestari

sangat terbatas;

Sistem governans yang diwarisi sejak zaman British lagi

juga bersifat sektor. Agensi pembuat dan pelaksana dasar

diwujudkan untuk melaksanakan aktiviti pembangunan

bersifat sektor, antaranya pertanian, perlombongan,

perhutanan, kesihatan, pendidikan dan perindustrian.

Semua sektor ini mempunyai hubungan yang rapat

antara satu sama lain, dan saling-hubungan antara sektor

memainkan peranan yang penting untuk menjayakan agenda

pembangunan lestari; dan

Model pembangunan negara adalah berteraskan

pembangunan ekonomi, dan pembangunan sosial dan

alam sekitar dilihat daripada perspektif pengukuhan

ekonomi negara. Walaupun pertumbuhan ekonomi

merupakan satu daripada komponen kelestarian yang

penting, tanpa mengimbangi keperluan memperkukuhkan

kesejahteraan masyarakat dan pemuliharaan alam sekitar,

asas pertumbuhan ekonomi akan menjadi rapuh dan dalam

jangka panjang akan memusnahkan kelestarian sesuatu

komuniti, bangsa atau negara.

Tuntutan untuk melaksanakan agenda pembangunan lestari

sangat sukar dan kompleks, terutamanya bagi negara

yang sedang membangun, di mana pengukuhan ekonomi

merupakan prioriti. Bagaimanapun, secara jangka panjang

tiada negara dapat meminggirkan isu genting ini kerana ia

melibatkan hidup mati warga dunia.

Antara tindakan susulan untuk melaksanakan agendapembangunan lestari oleh kebanyakan negara ialah melakar

dasar dan perancangan yang bersesuaian; menyediakan

strategi peralihan daripada pendekatan sektoral kepada

holistik; melaksanakan program dan aktiviti penting berkaitan

pembangunan lestari; dan pembangunan keupayaan individu

dan institusi untuk melaksana agenda ini.

Pembangunan keupayaan, khususnya melalui program

Pendidikan untuk Pembangunan Lestari dilihat sebagai

kunci kejayaan untuk mengubah set minda masyarakat ke

arah kelestarian. >> muka surat 12

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>> from page 6

10. Bangkok Climate Change Talks 2009,

organised by UNFCCC, Bangkok, Thailand

31 March- 4 April 2008

11. International Seminar on Climate Variability,

Change and Extreme Weather Events

Towards Enhancing Understanding of

Climate Variability Change in the Maritime

Continent and Indo-Pacifc Region organised

by Malaysian Meterological Department (MMD),

26-27 February 2008

12. Young Presidents Organisation: Outlook for

the Year 2008, The Effects of Climate Change

on Business, organised by Young Presidents

Organisation Secretariat, Kuala Lumpur,

24 January 2008

13. National Environmental Conference: Facing

Market Realities: Going Green for Sustainable

Development organised by Asia Executive

Programmes, Kuala Lumpur, 18 January 2008

14. United National Climate Change Conference

2007 (COP13), Bali, Indonesia

13-14 December 2007

Workshop on Mainstreaming Adaptation to ClimateChange to Climate Change in Agriculture and

Water Sector

Corus Hotel, Ampang, Kuala Lumpur

The Workshop on Mainstreaming Adaptation to ClimateChange in Agriculture and Water Sectors wassuccessfully convened on 10 August 2009 at the Corus

Hotel, Kuala Lumpur involving about 50 participants from

government agencies, research institutes and selected

universities in Southeast Asia. It was jointly organised by

the Institute for Environment and Development, Universiti

Kebangsaan Malaysia (LESTARI,UKM), Asia Pacific

Network on Global Change Research (APN) and Institute

for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES), Japan in order

to achieve its mission of strengthening research capacity

on mainstreaming climate change adaptation. In addition,

the Workshop also provided a platform for researchers and

experts of various disciplines to interact with each other,

share expertise, build capacity and enhance awareness on

climate change adaptation; agriculture and water sectors.

Consolidating the National View on REDD

REDD, an acronym for Reducing Emission from Deforestationand Forest Degradation in developing countries, is aninnovative approach to protect and conserve tropical forest.

The philosophy behind REDD is to provide nancial support

for countries that are willing and able to reduce emissions from

deforestation. Previous approaches to curb global deforestation

have so far been unsuccessful; forests continue to be converted

to other land uses.

In order to create strong economic incentive for developingcountries to reduce the clearing of their tropical forests, these

countries would need to be paid more than they could make

by clearing the land and using it for agricultural activities

such as crops cultivation and cattle rearing. It turns out that

REDD is an affordable solution for reducing global warming

pollution because the cost of compensating tropical countries

is considerably lower than the current costs of reducing carbon

emissions from industries, vehicles and power plant. Therefore,

REDD can greatly reduce tropical deforestation, and thus

reduce global warming, with relatively modest funding. A new

funding arrangement has been initiated by the World Bank,

namely Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF) to provide

necessary nancial support.

In this regard, a National Workshop on Reducing Emissions

from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) was held in

Kuala Lumpur on12th March 2009. The Workshop was ofciatedby Y. Bhg. Puan Aziyah binti Mohamed, Deputy Secretary

General of Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment

(NRE). It was jointly organised by the Forestry Department of

Malaysia (FDPM), Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM),

and also Institute for Environment and Development, Universiti

Kebangsaan Malaysia (LESTARI, UKM). The main objective

was to develop an understanding on the issues of REDD; to

provide a forum for the stakeholders consultation; and also to

provide recommendations on a provisional national position on

REDD. There were ve papers presented during the Workshop;

namely Climate Change, Forest and REDD, Some Thoughts on

REDD, The Many Faces of REDD, Financing and Alternatives

to REDD and also REDD and Greenhouse Gas Accounting.Following the presentations a panel discussion was convened

with representatives of Forestry Department of Peninsular

Malaysia, Sabah Forestry Department, Sarawak Forestry

Department, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) and

WWF Malaysia as panel members.

It is envisaged that REDD provides a new framework to allow

deforesting countries to break this historic trend. A strict set of

criteria would be developed to certify the reductions, and once

a country reaches its emissions target and the reductions are

certied, it would likely be eligible for monetary compensation.

REDD will be amongst the controversial issues that will be

deliberated and negotiated during the Copenhagen Climate

Conference in December 2009. In this connection, developing

countries particularly tropical rich nations must gain from REDD

negotiation and not allow developed nations to use the REDD

mechanism as a strategy to further hamper sustainable andeconomic development of developing countries.

- Shaharuddin Mohamad Ismail

Hutan Bukit Hijau, Kedahby LESTARI

by LESTARI

The Workshop was organized in conjunction with the

inception of the new project currently funded by the APN

on Strengthening the Capacity for Policy Research on

Mainstreaming Adaptation to Climate Change in Agriculture

and Water Sectors, led by LESTARI-UKM, in collaboration

with IGES, MS Swaminathan Research Foundation

(MSSRF) India, and the Institute of Meteorology, Hydrologyand Environment (IMHEN) Vietnam. The project aims to

strengthen research capacity on mainstreaming climate

change adaptation concerns into agricultural and water

policies and to create a network for adaptation policy

research in Asia Pacic.

The Workshop was ofciated by the Director of LESTARI,

Prof Dr. Mazlin Bin Mokhtar who also gave an opening

address at the meeting. Twelve papers were presented on

three themes: regional and national perspective towards

mainstreaming climate change adaptation; country status

and experiences in climate change adaptation; and

monitoring and nancing of climate change adaptation. The

discussion served as a basis to delineate practical options

for mainstreaming climate change adaptation and measuring

the effectiveness of adaptation policies. The four partners,

LESTARI-UKM, IGES, MSSRF and IMHEN, in conjunction

with selected organizations in the region will serve as

founding members of the Adaptation Research and Policy

Network for Asia and the Pacic (ARPNAP)

Interested organizations in the region are welcome to

become members of ARPNET to contribute and access

outputs from the APN Project. Further information can be

obtained from http://www.ukm.my/apn

- Mohd Khairul Zain, Tan Ching Tiong &

Sh. Nur Eli Diyana

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Dialogue on Indicators for Climate Change and Sustainable Development

5 March 2009

Hotel Pan Pacifc KLIA, Sepang

MyCLIMATE in ACTION!

National Consultation Workshop on the Draft National Policy on Climate Change

24 & 25 September 2009

Palm Garden Hotel, Putrajaya

Workshop on Mainstreaming Adaptation to Climate Change in

Agriculture and Water Sectors

10-11 August 2009

Corus Hotel, Kuala Lumpur

MyCLIMATE in ACTION!

Training Course on Vulnerability Assessment for Climate Change Adaptation:

The Spatial Planning Perspective

17 October 2008

Danau Glof Club, UKM