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Safety now Thalassemia Center. Protect Yourself. Know blood borne pathogens Follow standard precautions Get the Hepatitis B vaccine Know what to do in case of an exposure. What Fluids ARE Considered a Risk for Bloodborne Pathogenes (BBP). - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Safety now Thalassemia Center
Protect Yourself
bull Know blood borne pathogens
bull Follow standard precautions
bull Get the Hepatitis B vaccine bull Know what to do in case of an
exposure
What Fluids ARE
Considered a Risk for
Bloodborne Pathogenes
(BBP)
bull Blood or any body fluid visibly contaminated with blood
bull Semen bull Vaginal secretions bull Spinal pleural peritoneal
pericardial amniotic and synovial fluids
bull Breast milk (not all agree) bull Saliva from dental
procedures
What Fluids ARE NOT
Considered a Risk for BBP Urine
SweatNasal dischargeSaliva (non dental)FecesTearsVomit
But ALWAYS use gloves when cleaning up any of these fluids
Concentration of HBV in Body Fluids
High Moderate LowNot Detectable
Blood Semen Urine Serum Vaginal Fluid Feces Wound exudates Saliva Sweat
Tears Breast Milk
How Are They Spread
bull contaminated fluids in contact with open skin (cuts abrasions)
bull contaminated sharp objects that cut
or puncture the skin
bull contaminated splash with eyes mouth or nose
bull sharing needles
bull sexual contact
Hepatitis B Virus bull 100 times more infectious vs
HIVbull Can live on dried surfaces for
one week bull 6-30 chance of infection from
an exposure (puncture wound)bull 85-90 of those infected will
recover in 6-8 weeksbull 10-15 will become carriers
and develop chronic liver disease
bull Vaccine preventable ndash 3 doses highly effective
Hepatitis C Virus bull Risk for exposure from a
contaminated puncture wound - 33 - 10
bull Most transmission is transfusion or IV drug use related
bull About 4 million people are infected
bull Chronic infection develops in 80
bull Not vaccine preventable
HIVbull Very fragile virus and will not
survive long outside the bodybull Risk of transmission through a
needlestick or cut with HIV infected blood is 03 A splash to the eyes or nose or mouth is 01
bull Risk to non-intact skin to HIV infected blood is estimated to be less than 01
Standard Precautions 1 Hand washing
2 Barrier protectionndash Gloves ndash Mask Eye Protection Face Shield ndash Gown
3 Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations4 Patient Care Equipment 5 Linen 6 Occupational Health and Blood borne
Pathogens 7 Patient Placement
Table 2-1 Standard Precautions Key ComponentsHandwashing (or using an antiseptic handrub)10486961048696 After touching blood body fluids secretions excretions and contaminated items10486961048696 Immediately after removing gloves10486961048696 Between patient contactGloves10486961048696 For contact with blood body fluids secretions and contaminated items10486961048696 For contact with mucous membranes and nonintact skinMasks goggles face masks10486961048696 Protect mucous membranes of eyes nose and mouth when contact with blood andbody fluids is likelyGowns10486961048696 Protect skin from blood or body fluid contact10486961048696 Prevent soiling of clothing during procedures that may involve contact with bloodor body fluidsLinen10486961048696 Handle soiled linen to prevent touching skin or mucous membranes10486961048696 Do not pre-rinse soiled linens in patient care areasPatient care equipment10486961048696 Handle soiled equipment in a manner to prevent contact with skin or mucousmembranes and to prevent contamination of clothing or the environment10486961048696 Clean reusable equipment prior to reuseEnvironmental cleaning10486961048696 Routinely care clean and disinfect equipment and furnishings in patient care areasSharps10486961048696 Avoid recapping used needles10486961048696 Avoid removing used needles from disposable syringes10486961048696 Avoid bending breaking or manipulating used needles by hand10486961048696 Place used sharps in puncture-resistant containersPatient resuscitation10486961048696 Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices to avoid mouth-tomouthresuscitationPatient placement10486961048696 Place patients who contaminate the environment or cannot maintain appropriatehygiene in private rooms
Standard PrecautionsWHY
To prevent the transmission of infectious agents
bull from patient to patientbull from patient to health workerbull Form health worker to patient
Stop Infection
Break the Chain
Entry
Trans mission
ExitHost
Reservoirs
InfectionInfectionInfection
Standard Precautions Apply to
1) blood2) all body fluids secretions and excretions except sweat regardless of whether or not they contain visible blood 3) non-intact skin 4) mucous membranes
Standard Precautionswhen with whom bull All the time
bull with all the patients
Hand washing
WhyBy what
WhenHow
Hand Washing
bull Whybull Hand washing is your first defense in
infection control
Handwashingwhat to use
bull Handwashing with soap and water in non-health care settings
bull When health care personnels hands are visibly soiled they should wash with soap and water
bull When health care personnels hands are not visibly soiled use alcohol-based handrubs
bull Handrubs and hand washing should be observed before and after each patient
Hand Washing
When1048696 After contact with blood or other
body fluids1048696 Before and after handling a patient1048696 Between glove changes1048696 Before and after eatingsmoking1048696 After using the rest room
Types of hand washing
Social Hand washingHygienic hand washing or
Antiseptic hand washingSurgical Hand washingAlcohol hand rub
Hand Washing
How to do It Right
1 First wet Wet hands under running water and apply nonabrasive soap
2 Next Vigorously rub palmsback of hands between fingers and wrists for 15 ndash 20 seconds
3 Rinse well and dry your hands dry with paper towel (not cloth towel or other fabric)
4 Avoid chapped and cracked hands if possible Use a water-based hand lotion frequently Petroleum-based products and Vaseline break down latex
Why alcohol based hand rub
bull Alcohol-based hand rubs take less time to use than traditional hand washing
bull Alcohol-based handrubs significantly reduce the number of microorganisms on skin and are fast acting
bull Allergic contact dermatitis due to alcohol hand rubs is very uncommon
Efficacy of Hand Hygiene Preparations in Killing Bacteria
Good Better Best
Plain Soap Antimicrobial soap
Alcohol-based handrub
Questions
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used by you for protection against a hazard
It helps to interrupt the transmission of micro-organisms between patients and staff
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Protect Yourself
bull Know blood borne pathogens
bull Follow standard precautions
bull Get the Hepatitis B vaccine bull Know what to do in case of an
exposure
What Fluids ARE
Considered a Risk for
Bloodborne Pathogenes
(BBP)
bull Blood or any body fluid visibly contaminated with blood
bull Semen bull Vaginal secretions bull Spinal pleural peritoneal
pericardial amniotic and synovial fluids
bull Breast milk (not all agree) bull Saliva from dental
procedures
What Fluids ARE NOT
Considered a Risk for BBP Urine
SweatNasal dischargeSaliva (non dental)FecesTearsVomit
But ALWAYS use gloves when cleaning up any of these fluids
Concentration of HBV in Body Fluids
High Moderate LowNot Detectable
Blood Semen Urine Serum Vaginal Fluid Feces Wound exudates Saliva Sweat
Tears Breast Milk
How Are They Spread
bull contaminated fluids in contact with open skin (cuts abrasions)
bull contaminated sharp objects that cut
or puncture the skin
bull contaminated splash with eyes mouth or nose
bull sharing needles
bull sexual contact
Hepatitis B Virus bull 100 times more infectious vs
HIVbull Can live on dried surfaces for
one week bull 6-30 chance of infection from
an exposure (puncture wound)bull 85-90 of those infected will
recover in 6-8 weeksbull 10-15 will become carriers
and develop chronic liver disease
bull Vaccine preventable ndash 3 doses highly effective
Hepatitis C Virus bull Risk for exposure from a
contaminated puncture wound - 33 - 10
bull Most transmission is transfusion or IV drug use related
bull About 4 million people are infected
bull Chronic infection develops in 80
bull Not vaccine preventable
HIVbull Very fragile virus and will not
survive long outside the bodybull Risk of transmission through a
needlestick or cut with HIV infected blood is 03 A splash to the eyes or nose or mouth is 01
bull Risk to non-intact skin to HIV infected blood is estimated to be less than 01
Standard Precautions 1 Hand washing
2 Barrier protectionndash Gloves ndash Mask Eye Protection Face Shield ndash Gown
3 Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations4 Patient Care Equipment 5 Linen 6 Occupational Health and Blood borne
Pathogens 7 Patient Placement
Table 2-1 Standard Precautions Key ComponentsHandwashing (or using an antiseptic handrub)10486961048696 After touching blood body fluids secretions excretions and contaminated items10486961048696 Immediately after removing gloves10486961048696 Between patient contactGloves10486961048696 For contact with blood body fluids secretions and contaminated items10486961048696 For contact with mucous membranes and nonintact skinMasks goggles face masks10486961048696 Protect mucous membranes of eyes nose and mouth when contact with blood andbody fluids is likelyGowns10486961048696 Protect skin from blood or body fluid contact10486961048696 Prevent soiling of clothing during procedures that may involve contact with bloodor body fluidsLinen10486961048696 Handle soiled linen to prevent touching skin or mucous membranes10486961048696 Do not pre-rinse soiled linens in patient care areasPatient care equipment10486961048696 Handle soiled equipment in a manner to prevent contact with skin or mucousmembranes and to prevent contamination of clothing or the environment10486961048696 Clean reusable equipment prior to reuseEnvironmental cleaning10486961048696 Routinely care clean and disinfect equipment and furnishings in patient care areasSharps10486961048696 Avoid recapping used needles10486961048696 Avoid removing used needles from disposable syringes10486961048696 Avoid bending breaking or manipulating used needles by hand10486961048696 Place used sharps in puncture-resistant containersPatient resuscitation10486961048696 Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices to avoid mouth-tomouthresuscitationPatient placement10486961048696 Place patients who contaminate the environment or cannot maintain appropriatehygiene in private rooms
Standard PrecautionsWHY
To prevent the transmission of infectious agents
bull from patient to patientbull from patient to health workerbull Form health worker to patient
Stop Infection
Break the Chain
Entry
Trans mission
ExitHost
Reservoirs
InfectionInfectionInfection
Standard Precautions Apply to
1) blood2) all body fluids secretions and excretions except sweat regardless of whether or not they contain visible blood 3) non-intact skin 4) mucous membranes
Standard Precautionswhen with whom bull All the time
bull with all the patients
Hand washing
WhyBy what
WhenHow
Hand Washing
bull Whybull Hand washing is your first defense in
infection control
Handwashingwhat to use
bull Handwashing with soap and water in non-health care settings
bull When health care personnels hands are visibly soiled they should wash with soap and water
bull When health care personnels hands are not visibly soiled use alcohol-based handrubs
bull Handrubs and hand washing should be observed before and after each patient
Hand Washing
When1048696 After contact with blood or other
body fluids1048696 Before and after handling a patient1048696 Between glove changes1048696 Before and after eatingsmoking1048696 After using the rest room
Types of hand washing
Social Hand washingHygienic hand washing or
Antiseptic hand washingSurgical Hand washingAlcohol hand rub
Hand Washing
How to do It Right
1 First wet Wet hands under running water and apply nonabrasive soap
2 Next Vigorously rub palmsback of hands between fingers and wrists for 15 ndash 20 seconds
3 Rinse well and dry your hands dry with paper towel (not cloth towel or other fabric)
4 Avoid chapped and cracked hands if possible Use a water-based hand lotion frequently Petroleum-based products and Vaseline break down latex
Why alcohol based hand rub
bull Alcohol-based hand rubs take less time to use than traditional hand washing
bull Alcohol-based handrubs significantly reduce the number of microorganisms on skin and are fast acting
bull Allergic contact dermatitis due to alcohol hand rubs is very uncommon
Efficacy of Hand Hygiene Preparations in Killing Bacteria
Good Better Best
Plain Soap Antimicrobial soap
Alcohol-based handrub
Questions
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used by you for protection against a hazard
It helps to interrupt the transmission of micro-organisms between patients and staff
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
What Fluids ARE
Considered a Risk for
Bloodborne Pathogenes
(BBP)
bull Blood or any body fluid visibly contaminated with blood
bull Semen bull Vaginal secretions bull Spinal pleural peritoneal
pericardial amniotic and synovial fluids
bull Breast milk (not all agree) bull Saliva from dental
procedures
What Fluids ARE NOT
Considered a Risk for BBP Urine
SweatNasal dischargeSaliva (non dental)FecesTearsVomit
But ALWAYS use gloves when cleaning up any of these fluids
Concentration of HBV in Body Fluids
High Moderate LowNot Detectable
Blood Semen Urine Serum Vaginal Fluid Feces Wound exudates Saliva Sweat
Tears Breast Milk
How Are They Spread
bull contaminated fluids in contact with open skin (cuts abrasions)
bull contaminated sharp objects that cut
or puncture the skin
bull contaminated splash with eyes mouth or nose
bull sharing needles
bull sexual contact
Hepatitis B Virus bull 100 times more infectious vs
HIVbull Can live on dried surfaces for
one week bull 6-30 chance of infection from
an exposure (puncture wound)bull 85-90 of those infected will
recover in 6-8 weeksbull 10-15 will become carriers
and develop chronic liver disease
bull Vaccine preventable ndash 3 doses highly effective
Hepatitis C Virus bull Risk for exposure from a
contaminated puncture wound - 33 - 10
bull Most transmission is transfusion or IV drug use related
bull About 4 million people are infected
bull Chronic infection develops in 80
bull Not vaccine preventable
HIVbull Very fragile virus and will not
survive long outside the bodybull Risk of transmission through a
needlestick or cut with HIV infected blood is 03 A splash to the eyes or nose or mouth is 01
bull Risk to non-intact skin to HIV infected blood is estimated to be less than 01
Standard Precautions 1 Hand washing
2 Barrier protectionndash Gloves ndash Mask Eye Protection Face Shield ndash Gown
3 Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations4 Patient Care Equipment 5 Linen 6 Occupational Health and Blood borne
Pathogens 7 Patient Placement
Table 2-1 Standard Precautions Key ComponentsHandwashing (or using an antiseptic handrub)10486961048696 After touching blood body fluids secretions excretions and contaminated items10486961048696 Immediately after removing gloves10486961048696 Between patient contactGloves10486961048696 For contact with blood body fluids secretions and contaminated items10486961048696 For contact with mucous membranes and nonintact skinMasks goggles face masks10486961048696 Protect mucous membranes of eyes nose and mouth when contact with blood andbody fluids is likelyGowns10486961048696 Protect skin from blood or body fluid contact10486961048696 Prevent soiling of clothing during procedures that may involve contact with bloodor body fluidsLinen10486961048696 Handle soiled linen to prevent touching skin or mucous membranes10486961048696 Do not pre-rinse soiled linens in patient care areasPatient care equipment10486961048696 Handle soiled equipment in a manner to prevent contact with skin or mucousmembranes and to prevent contamination of clothing or the environment10486961048696 Clean reusable equipment prior to reuseEnvironmental cleaning10486961048696 Routinely care clean and disinfect equipment and furnishings in patient care areasSharps10486961048696 Avoid recapping used needles10486961048696 Avoid removing used needles from disposable syringes10486961048696 Avoid bending breaking or manipulating used needles by hand10486961048696 Place used sharps in puncture-resistant containersPatient resuscitation10486961048696 Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices to avoid mouth-tomouthresuscitationPatient placement10486961048696 Place patients who contaminate the environment or cannot maintain appropriatehygiene in private rooms
Standard PrecautionsWHY
To prevent the transmission of infectious agents
bull from patient to patientbull from patient to health workerbull Form health worker to patient
Stop Infection
Break the Chain
Entry
Trans mission
ExitHost
Reservoirs
InfectionInfectionInfection
Standard Precautions Apply to
1) blood2) all body fluids secretions and excretions except sweat regardless of whether or not they contain visible blood 3) non-intact skin 4) mucous membranes
Standard Precautionswhen with whom bull All the time
bull with all the patients
Hand washing
WhyBy what
WhenHow
Hand Washing
bull Whybull Hand washing is your first defense in
infection control
Handwashingwhat to use
bull Handwashing with soap and water in non-health care settings
bull When health care personnels hands are visibly soiled they should wash with soap and water
bull When health care personnels hands are not visibly soiled use alcohol-based handrubs
bull Handrubs and hand washing should be observed before and after each patient
Hand Washing
When1048696 After contact with blood or other
body fluids1048696 Before and after handling a patient1048696 Between glove changes1048696 Before and after eatingsmoking1048696 After using the rest room
Types of hand washing
Social Hand washingHygienic hand washing or
Antiseptic hand washingSurgical Hand washingAlcohol hand rub
Hand Washing
How to do It Right
1 First wet Wet hands under running water and apply nonabrasive soap
2 Next Vigorously rub palmsback of hands between fingers and wrists for 15 ndash 20 seconds
3 Rinse well and dry your hands dry with paper towel (not cloth towel or other fabric)
4 Avoid chapped and cracked hands if possible Use a water-based hand lotion frequently Petroleum-based products and Vaseline break down latex
Why alcohol based hand rub
bull Alcohol-based hand rubs take less time to use than traditional hand washing
bull Alcohol-based handrubs significantly reduce the number of microorganisms on skin and are fast acting
bull Allergic contact dermatitis due to alcohol hand rubs is very uncommon
Efficacy of Hand Hygiene Preparations in Killing Bacteria
Good Better Best
Plain Soap Antimicrobial soap
Alcohol-based handrub
Questions
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used by you for protection against a hazard
It helps to interrupt the transmission of micro-organisms between patients and staff
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
What Fluids ARE NOT
Considered a Risk for BBP Urine
SweatNasal dischargeSaliva (non dental)FecesTearsVomit
But ALWAYS use gloves when cleaning up any of these fluids
Concentration of HBV in Body Fluids
High Moderate LowNot Detectable
Blood Semen Urine Serum Vaginal Fluid Feces Wound exudates Saliva Sweat
Tears Breast Milk
How Are They Spread
bull contaminated fluids in contact with open skin (cuts abrasions)
bull contaminated sharp objects that cut
or puncture the skin
bull contaminated splash with eyes mouth or nose
bull sharing needles
bull sexual contact
Hepatitis B Virus bull 100 times more infectious vs
HIVbull Can live on dried surfaces for
one week bull 6-30 chance of infection from
an exposure (puncture wound)bull 85-90 of those infected will
recover in 6-8 weeksbull 10-15 will become carriers
and develop chronic liver disease
bull Vaccine preventable ndash 3 doses highly effective
Hepatitis C Virus bull Risk for exposure from a
contaminated puncture wound - 33 - 10
bull Most transmission is transfusion or IV drug use related
bull About 4 million people are infected
bull Chronic infection develops in 80
bull Not vaccine preventable
HIVbull Very fragile virus and will not
survive long outside the bodybull Risk of transmission through a
needlestick or cut with HIV infected blood is 03 A splash to the eyes or nose or mouth is 01
bull Risk to non-intact skin to HIV infected blood is estimated to be less than 01
Standard Precautions 1 Hand washing
2 Barrier protectionndash Gloves ndash Mask Eye Protection Face Shield ndash Gown
3 Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations4 Patient Care Equipment 5 Linen 6 Occupational Health and Blood borne
Pathogens 7 Patient Placement
Table 2-1 Standard Precautions Key ComponentsHandwashing (or using an antiseptic handrub)10486961048696 After touching blood body fluids secretions excretions and contaminated items10486961048696 Immediately after removing gloves10486961048696 Between patient contactGloves10486961048696 For contact with blood body fluids secretions and contaminated items10486961048696 For contact with mucous membranes and nonintact skinMasks goggles face masks10486961048696 Protect mucous membranes of eyes nose and mouth when contact with blood andbody fluids is likelyGowns10486961048696 Protect skin from blood or body fluid contact10486961048696 Prevent soiling of clothing during procedures that may involve contact with bloodor body fluidsLinen10486961048696 Handle soiled linen to prevent touching skin or mucous membranes10486961048696 Do not pre-rinse soiled linens in patient care areasPatient care equipment10486961048696 Handle soiled equipment in a manner to prevent contact with skin or mucousmembranes and to prevent contamination of clothing or the environment10486961048696 Clean reusable equipment prior to reuseEnvironmental cleaning10486961048696 Routinely care clean and disinfect equipment and furnishings in patient care areasSharps10486961048696 Avoid recapping used needles10486961048696 Avoid removing used needles from disposable syringes10486961048696 Avoid bending breaking or manipulating used needles by hand10486961048696 Place used sharps in puncture-resistant containersPatient resuscitation10486961048696 Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices to avoid mouth-tomouthresuscitationPatient placement10486961048696 Place patients who contaminate the environment or cannot maintain appropriatehygiene in private rooms
Standard PrecautionsWHY
To prevent the transmission of infectious agents
bull from patient to patientbull from patient to health workerbull Form health worker to patient
Stop Infection
Break the Chain
Entry
Trans mission
ExitHost
Reservoirs
InfectionInfectionInfection
Standard Precautions Apply to
1) blood2) all body fluids secretions and excretions except sweat regardless of whether or not they contain visible blood 3) non-intact skin 4) mucous membranes
Standard Precautionswhen with whom bull All the time
bull with all the patients
Hand washing
WhyBy what
WhenHow
Hand Washing
bull Whybull Hand washing is your first defense in
infection control
Handwashingwhat to use
bull Handwashing with soap and water in non-health care settings
bull When health care personnels hands are visibly soiled they should wash with soap and water
bull When health care personnels hands are not visibly soiled use alcohol-based handrubs
bull Handrubs and hand washing should be observed before and after each patient
Hand Washing
When1048696 After contact with blood or other
body fluids1048696 Before and after handling a patient1048696 Between glove changes1048696 Before and after eatingsmoking1048696 After using the rest room
Types of hand washing
Social Hand washingHygienic hand washing or
Antiseptic hand washingSurgical Hand washingAlcohol hand rub
Hand Washing
How to do It Right
1 First wet Wet hands under running water and apply nonabrasive soap
2 Next Vigorously rub palmsback of hands between fingers and wrists for 15 ndash 20 seconds
3 Rinse well and dry your hands dry with paper towel (not cloth towel or other fabric)
4 Avoid chapped and cracked hands if possible Use a water-based hand lotion frequently Petroleum-based products and Vaseline break down latex
Why alcohol based hand rub
bull Alcohol-based hand rubs take less time to use than traditional hand washing
bull Alcohol-based handrubs significantly reduce the number of microorganisms on skin and are fast acting
bull Allergic contact dermatitis due to alcohol hand rubs is very uncommon
Efficacy of Hand Hygiene Preparations in Killing Bacteria
Good Better Best
Plain Soap Antimicrobial soap
Alcohol-based handrub
Questions
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used by you for protection against a hazard
It helps to interrupt the transmission of micro-organisms between patients and staff
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Concentration of HBV in Body Fluids
High Moderate LowNot Detectable
Blood Semen Urine Serum Vaginal Fluid Feces Wound exudates Saliva Sweat
Tears Breast Milk
How Are They Spread
bull contaminated fluids in contact with open skin (cuts abrasions)
bull contaminated sharp objects that cut
or puncture the skin
bull contaminated splash with eyes mouth or nose
bull sharing needles
bull sexual contact
Hepatitis B Virus bull 100 times more infectious vs
HIVbull Can live on dried surfaces for
one week bull 6-30 chance of infection from
an exposure (puncture wound)bull 85-90 of those infected will
recover in 6-8 weeksbull 10-15 will become carriers
and develop chronic liver disease
bull Vaccine preventable ndash 3 doses highly effective
Hepatitis C Virus bull Risk for exposure from a
contaminated puncture wound - 33 - 10
bull Most transmission is transfusion or IV drug use related
bull About 4 million people are infected
bull Chronic infection develops in 80
bull Not vaccine preventable
HIVbull Very fragile virus and will not
survive long outside the bodybull Risk of transmission through a
needlestick or cut with HIV infected blood is 03 A splash to the eyes or nose or mouth is 01
bull Risk to non-intact skin to HIV infected blood is estimated to be less than 01
Standard Precautions 1 Hand washing
2 Barrier protectionndash Gloves ndash Mask Eye Protection Face Shield ndash Gown
3 Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations4 Patient Care Equipment 5 Linen 6 Occupational Health and Blood borne
Pathogens 7 Patient Placement
Table 2-1 Standard Precautions Key ComponentsHandwashing (or using an antiseptic handrub)10486961048696 After touching blood body fluids secretions excretions and contaminated items10486961048696 Immediately after removing gloves10486961048696 Between patient contactGloves10486961048696 For contact with blood body fluids secretions and contaminated items10486961048696 For contact with mucous membranes and nonintact skinMasks goggles face masks10486961048696 Protect mucous membranes of eyes nose and mouth when contact with blood andbody fluids is likelyGowns10486961048696 Protect skin from blood or body fluid contact10486961048696 Prevent soiling of clothing during procedures that may involve contact with bloodor body fluidsLinen10486961048696 Handle soiled linen to prevent touching skin or mucous membranes10486961048696 Do not pre-rinse soiled linens in patient care areasPatient care equipment10486961048696 Handle soiled equipment in a manner to prevent contact with skin or mucousmembranes and to prevent contamination of clothing or the environment10486961048696 Clean reusable equipment prior to reuseEnvironmental cleaning10486961048696 Routinely care clean and disinfect equipment and furnishings in patient care areasSharps10486961048696 Avoid recapping used needles10486961048696 Avoid removing used needles from disposable syringes10486961048696 Avoid bending breaking or manipulating used needles by hand10486961048696 Place used sharps in puncture-resistant containersPatient resuscitation10486961048696 Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices to avoid mouth-tomouthresuscitationPatient placement10486961048696 Place patients who contaminate the environment or cannot maintain appropriatehygiene in private rooms
Standard PrecautionsWHY
To prevent the transmission of infectious agents
bull from patient to patientbull from patient to health workerbull Form health worker to patient
Stop Infection
Break the Chain
Entry
Trans mission
ExitHost
Reservoirs
InfectionInfectionInfection
Standard Precautions Apply to
1) blood2) all body fluids secretions and excretions except sweat regardless of whether or not they contain visible blood 3) non-intact skin 4) mucous membranes
Standard Precautionswhen with whom bull All the time
bull with all the patients
Hand washing
WhyBy what
WhenHow
Hand Washing
bull Whybull Hand washing is your first defense in
infection control
Handwashingwhat to use
bull Handwashing with soap and water in non-health care settings
bull When health care personnels hands are visibly soiled they should wash with soap and water
bull When health care personnels hands are not visibly soiled use alcohol-based handrubs
bull Handrubs and hand washing should be observed before and after each patient
Hand Washing
When1048696 After contact with blood or other
body fluids1048696 Before and after handling a patient1048696 Between glove changes1048696 Before and after eatingsmoking1048696 After using the rest room
Types of hand washing
Social Hand washingHygienic hand washing or
Antiseptic hand washingSurgical Hand washingAlcohol hand rub
Hand Washing
How to do It Right
1 First wet Wet hands under running water and apply nonabrasive soap
2 Next Vigorously rub palmsback of hands between fingers and wrists for 15 ndash 20 seconds
3 Rinse well and dry your hands dry with paper towel (not cloth towel or other fabric)
4 Avoid chapped and cracked hands if possible Use a water-based hand lotion frequently Petroleum-based products and Vaseline break down latex
Why alcohol based hand rub
bull Alcohol-based hand rubs take less time to use than traditional hand washing
bull Alcohol-based handrubs significantly reduce the number of microorganisms on skin and are fast acting
bull Allergic contact dermatitis due to alcohol hand rubs is very uncommon
Efficacy of Hand Hygiene Preparations in Killing Bacteria
Good Better Best
Plain Soap Antimicrobial soap
Alcohol-based handrub
Questions
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used by you for protection against a hazard
It helps to interrupt the transmission of micro-organisms between patients and staff
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
How Are They Spread
bull contaminated fluids in contact with open skin (cuts abrasions)
bull contaminated sharp objects that cut
or puncture the skin
bull contaminated splash with eyes mouth or nose
bull sharing needles
bull sexual contact
Hepatitis B Virus bull 100 times more infectious vs
HIVbull Can live on dried surfaces for
one week bull 6-30 chance of infection from
an exposure (puncture wound)bull 85-90 of those infected will
recover in 6-8 weeksbull 10-15 will become carriers
and develop chronic liver disease
bull Vaccine preventable ndash 3 doses highly effective
Hepatitis C Virus bull Risk for exposure from a
contaminated puncture wound - 33 - 10
bull Most transmission is transfusion or IV drug use related
bull About 4 million people are infected
bull Chronic infection develops in 80
bull Not vaccine preventable
HIVbull Very fragile virus and will not
survive long outside the bodybull Risk of transmission through a
needlestick or cut with HIV infected blood is 03 A splash to the eyes or nose or mouth is 01
bull Risk to non-intact skin to HIV infected blood is estimated to be less than 01
Standard Precautions 1 Hand washing
2 Barrier protectionndash Gloves ndash Mask Eye Protection Face Shield ndash Gown
3 Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations4 Patient Care Equipment 5 Linen 6 Occupational Health and Blood borne
Pathogens 7 Patient Placement
Table 2-1 Standard Precautions Key ComponentsHandwashing (or using an antiseptic handrub)10486961048696 After touching blood body fluids secretions excretions and contaminated items10486961048696 Immediately after removing gloves10486961048696 Between patient contactGloves10486961048696 For contact with blood body fluids secretions and contaminated items10486961048696 For contact with mucous membranes and nonintact skinMasks goggles face masks10486961048696 Protect mucous membranes of eyes nose and mouth when contact with blood andbody fluids is likelyGowns10486961048696 Protect skin from blood or body fluid contact10486961048696 Prevent soiling of clothing during procedures that may involve contact with bloodor body fluidsLinen10486961048696 Handle soiled linen to prevent touching skin or mucous membranes10486961048696 Do not pre-rinse soiled linens in patient care areasPatient care equipment10486961048696 Handle soiled equipment in a manner to prevent contact with skin or mucousmembranes and to prevent contamination of clothing or the environment10486961048696 Clean reusable equipment prior to reuseEnvironmental cleaning10486961048696 Routinely care clean and disinfect equipment and furnishings in patient care areasSharps10486961048696 Avoid recapping used needles10486961048696 Avoid removing used needles from disposable syringes10486961048696 Avoid bending breaking or manipulating used needles by hand10486961048696 Place used sharps in puncture-resistant containersPatient resuscitation10486961048696 Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices to avoid mouth-tomouthresuscitationPatient placement10486961048696 Place patients who contaminate the environment or cannot maintain appropriatehygiene in private rooms
Standard PrecautionsWHY
To prevent the transmission of infectious agents
bull from patient to patientbull from patient to health workerbull Form health worker to patient
Stop Infection
Break the Chain
Entry
Trans mission
ExitHost
Reservoirs
InfectionInfectionInfection
Standard Precautions Apply to
1) blood2) all body fluids secretions and excretions except sweat regardless of whether or not they contain visible blood 3) non-intact skin 4) mucous membranes
Standard Precautionswhen with whom bull All the time
bull with all the patients
Hand washing
WhyBy what
WhenHow
Hand Washing
bull Whybull Hand washing is your first defense in
infection control
Handwashingwhat to use
bull Handwashing with soap and water in non-health care settings
bull When health care personnels hands are visibly soiled they should wash with soap and water
bull When health care personnels hands are not visibly soiled use alcohol-based handrubs
bull Handrubs and hand washing should be observed before and after each patient
Hand Washing
When1048696 After contact with blood or other
body fluids1048696 Before and after handling a patient1048696 Between glove changes1048696 Before and after eatingsmoking1048696 After using the rest room
Types of hand washing
Social Hand washingHygienic hand washing or
Antiseptic hand washingSurgical Hand washingAlcohol hand rub
Hand Washing
How to do It Right
1 First wet Wet hands under running water and apply nonabrasive soap
2 Next Vigorously rub palmsback of hands between fingers and wrists for 15 ndash 20 seconds
3 Rinse well and dry your hands dry with paper towel (not cloth towel or other fabric)
4 Avoid chapped and cracked hands if possible Use a water-based hand lotion frequently Petroleum-based products and Vaseline break down latex
Why alcohol based hand rub
bull Alcohol-based hand rubs take less time to use than traditional hand washing
bull Alcohol-based handrubs significantly reduce the number of microorganisms on skin and are fast acting
bull Allergic contact dermatitis due to alcohol hand rubs is very uncommon
Efficacy of Hand Hygiene Preparations in Killing Bacteria
Good Better Best
Plain Soap Antimicrobial soap
Alcohol-based handrub
Questions
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used by you for protection against a hazard
It helps to interrupt the transmission of micro-organisms between patients and staff
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Hepatitis B Virus bull 100 times more infectious vs
HIVbull Can live on dried surfaces for
one week bull 6-30 chance of infection from
an exposure (puncture wound)bull 85-90 of those infected will
recover in 6-8 weeksbull 10-15 will become carriers
and develop chronic liver disease
bull Vaccine preventable ndash 3 doses highly effective
Hepatitis C Virus bull Risk for exposure from a
contaminated puncture wound - 33 - 10
bull Most transmission is transfusion or IV drug use related
bull About 4 million people are infected
bull Chronic infection develops in 80
bull Not vaccine preventable
HIVbull Very fragile virus and will not
survive long outside the bodybull Risk of transmission through a
needlestick or cut with HIV infected blood is 03 A splash to the eyes or nose or mouth is 01
bull Risk to non-intact skin to HIV infected blood is estimated to be less than 01
Standard Precautions 1 Hand washing
2 Barrier protectionndash Gloves ndash Mask Eye Protection Face Shield ndash Gown
3 Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations4 Patient Care Equipment 5 Linen 6 Occupational Health and Blood borne
Pathogens 7 Patient Placement
Table 2-1 Standard Precautions Key ComponentsHandwashing (or using an antiseptic handrub)10486961048696 After touching blood body fluids secretions excretions and contaminated items10486961048696 Immediately after removing gloves10486961048696 Between patient contactGloves10486961048696 For contact with blood body fluids secretions and contaminated items10486961048696 For contact with mucous membranes and nonintact skinMasks goggles face masks10486961048696 Protect mucous membranes of eyes nose and mouth when contact with blood andbody fluids is likelyGowns10486961048696 Protect skin from blood or body fluid contact10486961048696 Prevent soiling of clothing during procedures that may involve contact with bloodor body fluidsLinen10486961048696 Handle soiled linen to prevent touching skin or mucous membranes10486961048696 Do not pre-rinse soiled linens in patient care areasPatient care equipment10486961048696 Handle soiled equipment in a manner to prevent contact with skin or mucousmembranes and to prevent contamination of clothing or the environment10486961048696 Clean reusable equipment prior to reuseEnvironmental cleaning10486961048696 Routinely care clean and disinfect equipment and furnishings in patient care areasSharps10486961048696 Avoid recapping used needles10486961048696 Avoid removing used needles from disposable syringes10486961048696 Avoid bending breaking or manipulating used needles by hand10486961048696 Place used sharps in puncture-resistant containersPatient resuscitation10486961048696 Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices to avoid mouth-tomouthresuscitationPatient placement10486961048696 Place patients who contaminate the environment or cannot maintain appropriatehygiene in private rooms
Standard PrecautionsWHY
To prevent the transmission of infectious agents
bull from patient to patientbull from patient to health workerbull Form health worker to patient
Stop Infection
Break the Chain
Entry
Trans mission
ExitHost
Reservoirs
InfectionInfectionInfection
Standard Precautions Apply to
1) blood2) all body fluids secretions and excretions except sweat regardless of whether or not they contain visible blood 3) non-intact skin 4) mucous membranes
Standard Precautionswhen with whom bull All the time
bull with all the patients
Hand washing
WhyBy what
WhenHow
Hand Washing
bull Whybull Hand washing is your first defense in
infection control
Handwashingwhat to use
bull Handwashing with soap and water in non-health care settings
bull When health care personnels hands are visibly soiled they should wash with soap and water
bull When health care personnels hands are not visibly soiled use alcohol-based handrubs
bull Handrubs and hand washing should be observed before and after each patient
Hand Washing
When1048696 After contact with blood or other
body fluids1048696 Before and after handling a patient1048696 Between glove changes1048696 Before and after eatingsmoking1048696 After using the rest room
Types of hand washing
Social Hand washingHygienic hand washing or
Antiseptic hand washingSurgical Hand washingAlcohol hand rub
Hand Washing
How to do It Right
1 First wet Wet hands under running water and apply nonabrasive soap
2 Next Vigorously rub palmsback of hands between fingers and wrists for 15 ndash 20 seconds
3 Rinse well and dry your hands dry with paper towel (not cloth towel or other fabric)
4 Avoid chapped and cracked hands if possible Use a water-based hand lotion frequently Petroleum-based products and Vaseline break down latex
Why alcohol based hand rub
bull Alcohol-based hand rubs take less time to use than traditional hand washing
bull Alcohol-based handrubs significantly reduce the number of microorganisms on skin and are fast acting
bull Allergic contact dermatitis due to alcohol hand rubs is very uncommon
Efficacy of Hand Hygiene Preparations in Killing Bacteria
Good Better Best
Plain Soap Antimicrobial soap
Alcohol-based handrub
Questions
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used by you for protection against a hazard
It helps to interrupt the transmission of micro-organisms between patients and staff
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Hepatitis C Virus bull Risk for exposure from a
contaminated puncture wound - 33 - 10
bull Most transmission is transfusion or IV drug use related
bull About 4 million people are infected
bull Chronic infection develops in 80
bull Not vaccine preventable
HIVbull Very fragile virus and will not
survive long outside the bodybull Risk of transmission through a
needlestick or cut with HIV infected blood is 03 A splash to the eyes or nose or mouth is 01
bull Risk to non-intact skin to HIV infected blood is estimated to be less than 01
Standard Precautions 1 Hand washing
2 Barrier protectionndash Gloves ndash Mask Eye Protection Face Shield ndash Gown
3 Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations4 Patient Care Equipment 5 Linen 6 Occupational Health and Blood borne
Pathogens 7 Patient Placement
Table 2-1 Standard Precautions Key ComponentsHandwashing (or using an antiseptic handrub)10486961048696 After touching blood body fluids secretions excretions and contaminated items10486961048696 Immediately after removing gloves10486961048696 Between patient contactGloves10486961048696 For contact with blood body fluids secretions and contaminated items10486961048696 For contact with mucous membranes and nonintact skinMasks goggles face masks10486961048696 Protect mucous membranes of eyes nose and mouth when contact with blood andbody fluids is likelyGowns10486961048696 Protect skin from blood or body fluid contact10486961048696 Prevent soiling of clothing during procedures that may involve contact with bloodor body fluidsLinen10486961048696 Handle soiled linen to prevent touching skin or mucous membranes10486961048696 Do not pre-rinse soiled linens in patient care areasPatient care equipment10486961048696 Handle soiled equipment in a manner to prevent contact with skin or mucousmembranes and to prevent contamination of clothing or the environment10486961048696 Clean reusable equipment prior to reuseEnvironmental cleaning10486961048696 Routinely care clean and disinfect equipment and furnishings in patient care areasSharps10486961048696 Avoid recapping used needles10486961048696 Avoid removing used needles from disposable syringes10486961048696 Avoid bending breaking or manipulating used needles by hand10486961048696 Place used sharps in puncture-resistant containersPatient resuscitation10486961048696 Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices to avoid mouth-tomouthresuscitationPatient placement10486961048696 Place patients who contaminate the environment or cannot maintain appropriatehygiene in private rooms
Standard PrecautionsWHY
To prevent the transmission of infectious agents
bull from patient to patientbull from patient to health workerbull Form health worker to patient
Stop Infection
Break the Chain
Entry
Trans mission
ExitHost
Reservoirs
InfectionInfectionInfection
Standard Precautions Apply to
1) blood2) all body fluids secretions and excretions except sweat regardless of whether or not they contain visible blood 3) non-intact skin 4) mucous membranes
Standard Precautionswhen with whom bull All the time
bull with all the patients
Hand washing
WhyBy what
WhenHow
Hand Washing
bull Whybull Hand washing is your first defense in
infection control
Handwashingwhat to use
bull Handwashing with soap and water in non-health care settings
bull When health care personnels hands are visibly soiled they should wash with soap and water
bull When health care personnels hands are not visibly soiled use alcohol-based handrubs
bull Handrubs and hand washing should be observed before and after each patient
Hand Washing
When1048696 After contact with blood or other
body fluids1048696 Before and after handling a patient1048696 Between glove changes1048696 Before and after eatingsmoking1048696 After using the rest room
Types of hand washing
Social Hand washingHygienic hand washing or
Antiseptic hand washingSurgical Hand washingAlcohol hand rub
Hand Washing
How to do It Right
1 First wet Wet hands under running water and apply nonabrasive soap
2 Next Vigorously rub palmsback of hands between fingers and wrists for 15 ndash 20 seconds
3 Rinse well and dry your hands dry with paper towel (not cloth towel or other fabric)
4 Avoid chapped and cracked hands if possible Use a water-based hand lotion frequently Petroleum-based products and Vaseline break down latex
Why alcohol based hand rub
bull Alcohol-based hand rubs take less time to use than traditional hand washing
bull Alcohol-based handrubs significantly reduce the number of microorganisms on skin and are fast acting
bull Allergic contact dermatitis due to alcohol hand rubs is very uncommon
Efficacy of Hand Hygiene Preparations in Killing Bacteria
Good Better Best
Plain Soap Antimicrobial soap
Alcohol-based handrub
Questions
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used by you for protection against a hazard
It helps to interrupt the transmission of micro-organisms between patients and staff
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
HIVbull Very fragile virus and will not
survive long outside the bodybull Risk of transmission through a
needlestick or cut with HIV infected blood is 03 A splash to the eyes or nose or mouth is 01
bull Risk to non-intact skin to HIV infected blood is estimated to be less than 01
Standard Precautions 1 Hand washing
2 Barrier protectionndash Gloves ndash Mask Eye Protection Face Shield ndash Gown
3 Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations4 Patient Care Equipment 5 Linen 6 Occupational Health and Blood borne
Pathogens 7 Patient Placement
Table 2-1 Standard Precautions Key ComponentsHandwashing (or using an antiseptic handrub)10486961048696 After touching blood body fluids secretions excretions and contaminated items10486961048696 Immediately after removing gloves10486961048696 Between patient contactGloves10486961048696 For contact with blood body fluids secretions and contaminated items10486961048696 For contact with mucous membranes and nonintact skinMasks goggles face masks10486961048696 Protect mucous membranes of eyes nose and mouth when contact with blood andbody fluids is likelyGowns10486961048696 Protect skin from blood or body fluid contact10486961048696 Prevent soiling of clothing during procedures that may involve contact with bloodor body fluidsLinen10486961048696 Handle soiled linen to prevent touching skin or mucous membranes10486961048696 Do not pre-rinse soiled linens in patient care areasPatient care equipment10486961048696 Handle soiled equipment in a manner to prevent contact with skin or mucousmembranes and to prevent contamination of clothing or the environment10486961048696 Clean reusable equipment prior to reuseEnvironmental cleaning10486961048696 Routinely care clean and disinfect equipment and furnishings in patient care areasSharps10486961048696 Avoid recapping used needles10486961048696 Avoid removing used needles from disposable syringes10486961048696 Avoid bending breaking or manipulating used needles by hand10486961048696 Place used sharps in puncture-resistant containersPatient resuscitation10486961048696 Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices to avoid mouth-tomouthresuscitationPatient placement10486961048696 Place patients who contaminate the environment or cannot maintain appropriatehygiene in private rooms
Standard PrecautionsWHY
To prevent the transmission of infectious agents
bull from patient to patientbull from patient to health workerbull Form health worker to patient
Stop Infection
Break the Chain
Entry
Trans mission
ExitHost
Reservoirs
InfectionInfectionInfection
Standard Precautions Apply to
1) blood2) all body fluids secretions and excretions except sweat regardless of whether or not they contain visible blood 3) non-intact skin 4) mucous membranes
Standard Precautionswhen with whom bull All the time
bull with all the patients
Hand washing
WhyBy what
WhenHow
Hand Washing
bull Whybull Hand washing is your first defense in
infection control
Handwashingwhat to use
bull Handwashing with soap and water in non-health care settings
bull When health care personnels hands are visibly soiled they should wash with soap and water
bull When health care personnels hands are not visibly soiled use alcohol-based handrubs
bull Handrubs and hand washing should be observed before and after each patient
Hand Washing
When1048696 After contact with blood or other
body fluids1048696 Before and after handling a patient1048696 Between glove changes1048696 Before and after eatingsmoking1048696 After using the rest room
Types of hand washing
Social Hand washingHygienic hand washing or
Antiseptic hand washingSurgical Hand washingAlcohol hand rub
Hand Washing
How to do It Right
1 First wet Wet hands under running water and apply nonabrasive soap
2 Next Vigorously rub palmsback of hands between fingers and wrists for 15 ndash 20 seconds
3 Rinse well and dry your hands dry with paper towel (not cloth towel or other fabric)
4 Avoid chapped and cracked hands if possible Use a water-based hand lotion frequently Petroleum-based products and Vaseline break down latex
Why alcohol based hand rub
bull Alcohol-based hand rubs take less time to use than traditional hand washing
bull Alcohol-based handrubs significantly reduce the number of microorganisms on skin and are fast acting
bull Allergic contact dermatitis due to alcohol hand rubs is very uncommon
Efficacy of Hand Hygiene Preparations in Killing Bacteria
Good Better Best
Plain Soap Antimicrobial soap
Alcohol-based handrub
Questions
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used by you for protection against a hazard
It helps to interrupt the transmission of micro-organisms between patients and staff
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Standard Precautions 1 Hand washing
2 Barrier protectionndash Gloves ndash Mask Eye Protection Face Shield ndash Gown
3 Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations4 Patient Care Equipment 5 Linen 6 Occupational Health and Blood borne
Pathogens 7 Patient Placement
Table 2-1 Standard Precautions Key ComponentsHandwashing (or using an antiseptic handrub)10486961048696 After touching blood body fluids secretions excretions and contaminated items10486961048696 Immediately after removing gloves10486961048696 Between patient contactGloves10486961048696 For contact with blood body fluids secretions and contaminated items10486961048696 For contact with mucous membranes and nonintact skinMasks goggles face masks10486961048696 Protect mucous membranes of eyes nose and mouth when contact with blood andbody fluids is likelyGowns10486961048696 Protect skin from blood or body fluid contact10486961048696 Prevent soiling of clothing during procedures that may involve contact with bloodor body fluidsLinen10486961048696 Handle soiled linen to prevent touching skin or mucous membranes10486961048696 Do not pre-rinse soiled linens in patient care areasPatient care equipment10486961048696 Handle soiled equipment in a manner to prevent contact with skin or mucousmembranes and to prevent contamination of clothing or the environment10486961048696 Clean reusable equipment prior to reuseEnvironmental cleaning10486961048696 Routinely care clean and disinfect equipment and furnishings in patient care areasSharps10486961048696 Avoid recapping used needles10486961048696 Avoid removing used needles from disposable syringes10486961048696 Avoid bending breaking or manipulating used needles by hand10486961048696 Place used sharps in puncture-resistant containersPatient resuscitation10486961048696 Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices to avoid mouth-tomouthresuscitationPatient placement10486961048696 Place patients who contaminate the environment or cannot maintain appropriatehygiene in private rooms
Standard PrecautionsWHY
To prevent the transmission of infectious agents
bull from patient to patientbull from patient to health workerbull Form health worker to patient
Stop Infection
Break the Chain
Entry
Trans mission
ExitHost
Reservoirs
InfectionInfectionInfection
Standard Precautions Apply to
1) blood2) all body fluids secretions and excretions except sweat regardless of whether or not they contain visible blood 3) non-intact skin 4) mucous membranes
Standard Precautionswhen with whom bull All the time
bull with all the patients
Hand washing
WhyBy what
WhenHow
Hand Washing
bull Whybull Hand washing is your first defense in
infection control
Handwashingwhat to use
bull Handwashing with soap and water in non-health care settings
bull When health care personnels hands are visibly soiled they should wash with soap and water
bull When health care personnels hands are not visibly soiled use alcohol-based handrubs
bull Handrubs and hand washing should be observed before and after each patient
Hand Washing
When1048696 After contact with blood or other
body fluids1048696 Before and after handling a patient1048696 Between glove changes1048696 Before and after eatingsmoking1048696 After using the rest room
Types of hand washing
Social Hand washingHygienic hand washing or
Antiseptic hand washingSurgical Hand washingAlcohol hand rub
Hand Washing
How to do It Right
1 First wet Wet hands under running water and apply nonabrasive soap
2 Next Vigorously rub palmsback of hands between fingers and wrists for 15 ndash 20 seconds
3 Rinse well and dry your hands dry with paper towel (not cloth towel or other fabric)
4 Avoid chapped and cracked hands if possible Use a water-based hand lotion frequently Petroleum-based products and Vaseline break down latex
Why alcohol based hand rub
bull Alcohol-based hand rubs take less time to use than traditional hand washing
bull Alcohol-based handrubs significantly reduce the number of microorganisms on skin and are fast acting
bull Allergic contact dermatitis due to alcohol hand rubs is very uncommon
Efficacy of Hand Hygiene Preparations in Killing Bacteria
Good Better Best
Plain Soap Antimicrobial soap
Alcohol-based handrub
Questions
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used by you for protection against a hazard
It helps to interrupt the transmission of micro-organisms between patients and staff
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Table 2-1 Standard Precautions Key ComponentsHandwashing (or using an antiseptic handrub)10486961048696 After touching blood body fluids secretions excretions and contaminated items10486961048696 Immediately after removing gloves10486961048696 Between patient contactGloves10486961048696 For contact with blood body fluids secretions and contaminated items10486961048696 For contact with mucous membranes and nonintact skinMasks goggles face masks10486961048696 Protect mucous membranes of eyes nose and mouth when contact with blood andbody fluids is likelyGowns10486961048696 Protect skin from blood or body fluid contact10486961048696 Prevent soiling of clothing during procedures that may involve contact with bloodor body fluidsLinen10486961048696 Handle soiled linen to prevent touching skin or mucous membranes10486961048696 Do not pre-rinse soiled linens in patient care areasPatient care equipment10486961048696 Handle soiled equipment in a manner to prevent contact with skin or mucousmembranes and to prevent contamination of clothing or the environment10486961048696 Clean reusable equipment prior to reuseEnvironmental cleaning10486961048696 Routinely care clean and disinfect equipment and furnishings in patient care areasSharps10486961048696 Avoid recapping used needles10486961048696 Avoid removing used needles from disposable syringes10486961048696 Avoid bending breaking or manipulating used needles by hand10486961048696 Place used sharps in puncture-resistant containersPatient resuscitation10486961048696 Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices to avoid mouth-tomouthresuscitationPatient placement10486961048696 Place patients who contaminate the environment or cannot maintain appropriatehygiene in private rooms
Standard PrecautionsWHY
To prevent the transmission of infectious agents
bull from patient to patientbull from patient to health workerbull Form health worker to patient
Stop Infection
Break the Chain
Entry
Trans mission
ExitHost
Reservoirs
InfectionInfectionInfection
Standard Precautions Apply to
1) blood2) all body fluids secretions and excretions except sweat regardless of whether or not they contain visible blood 3) non-intact skin 4) mucous membranes
Standard Precautionswhen with whom bull All the time
bull with all the patients
Hand washing
WhyBy what
WhenHow
Hand Washing
bull Whybull Hand washing is your first defense in
infection control
Handwashingwhat to use
bull Handwashing with soap and water in non-health care settings
bull When health care personnels hands are visibly soiled they should wash with soap and water
bull When health care personnels hands are not visibly soiled use alcohol-based handrubs
bull Handrubs and hand washing should be observed before and after each patient
Hand Washing
When1048696 After contact with blood or other
body fluids1048696 Before and after handling a patient1048696 Between glove changes1048696 Before and after eatingsmoking1048696 After using the rest room
Types of hand washing
Social Hand washingHygienic hand washing or
Antiseptic hand washingSurgical Hand washingAlcohol hand rub
Hand Washing
How to do It Right
1 First wet Wet hands under running water and apply nonabrasive soap
2 Next Vigorously rub palmsback of hands between fingers and wrists for 15 ndash 20 seconds
3 Rinse well and dry your hands dry with paper towel (not cloth towel or other fabric)
4 Avoid chapped and cracked hands if possible Use a water-based hand lotion frequently Petroleum-based products and Vaseline break down latex
Why alcohol based hand rub
bull Alcohol-based hand rubs take less time to use than traditional hand washing
bull Alcohol-based handrubs significantly reduce the number of microorganisms on skin and are fast acting
bull Allergic contact dermatitis due to alcohol hand rubs is very uncommon
Efficacy of Hand Hygiene Preparations in Killing Bacteria
Good Better Best
Plain Soap Antimicrobial soap
Alcohol-based handrub
Questions
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used by you for protection against a hazard
It helps to interrupt the transmission of micro-organisms between patients and staff
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Standard PrecautionsWHY
To prevent the transmission of infectious agents
bull from patient to patientbull from patient to health workerbull Form health worker to patient
Stop Infection
Break the Chain
Entry
Trans mission
ExitHost
Reservoirs
InfectionInfectionInfection
Standard Precautions Apply to
1) blood2) all body fluids secretions and excretions except sweat regardless of whether or not they contain visible blood 3) non-intact skin 4) mucous membranes
Standard Precautionswhen with whom bull All the time
bull with all the patients
Hand washing
WhyBy what
WhenHow
Hand Washing
bull Whybull Hand washing is your first defense in
infection control
Handwashingwhat to use
bull Handwashing with soap and water in non-health care settings
bull When health care personnels hands are visibly soiled they should wash with soap and water
bull When health care personnels hands are not visibly soiled use alcohol-based handrubs
bull Handrubs and hand washing should be observed before and after each patient
Hand Washing
When1048696 After contact with blood or other
body fluids1048696 Before and after handling a patient1048696 Between glove changes1048696 Before and after eatingsmoking1048696 After using the rest room
Types of hand washing
Social Hand washingHygienic hand washing or
Antiseptic hand washingSurgical Hand washingAlcohol hand rub
Hand Washing
How to do It Right
1 First wet Wet hands under running water and apply nonabrasive soap
2 Next Vigorously rub palmsback of hands between fingers and wrists for 15 ndash 20 seconds
3 Rinse well and dry your hands dry with paper towel (not cloth towel or other fabric)
4 Avoid chapped and cracked hands if possible Use a water-based hand lotion frequently Petroleum-based products and Vaseline break down latex
Why alcohol based hand rub
bull Alcohol-based hand rubs take less time to use than traditional hand washing
bull Alcohol-based handrubs significantly reduce the number of microorganisms on skin and are fast acting
bull Allergic contact dermatitis due to alcohol hand rubs is very uncommon
Efficacy of Hand Hygiene Preparations in Killing Bacteria
Good Better Best
Plain Soap Antimicrobial soap
Alcohol-based handrub
Questions
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used by you for protection against a hazard
It helps to interrupt the transmission of micro-organisms between patients and staff
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Stop Infection
Break the Chain
Entry
Trans mission
ExitHost
Reservoirs
InfectionInfectionInfection
Standard Precautions Apply to
1) blood2) all body fluids secretions and excretions except sweat regardless of whether or not they contain visible blood 3) non-intact skin 4) mucous membranes
Standard Precautionswhen with whom bull All the time
bull with all the patients
Hand washing
WhyBy what
WhenHow
Hand Washing
bull Whybull Hand washing is your first defense in
infection control
Handwashingwhat to use
bull Handwashing with soap and water in non-health care settings
bull When health care personnels hands are visibly soiled they should wash with soap and water
bull When health care personnels hands are not visibly soiled use alcohol-based handrubs
bull Handrubs and hand washing should be observed before and after each patient
Hand Washing
When1048696 After contact with blood or other
body fluids1048696 Before and after handling a patient1048696 Between glove changes1048696 Before and after eatingsmoking1048696 After using the rest room
Types of hand washing
Social Hand washingHygienic hand washing or
Antiseptic hand washingSurgical Hand washingAlcohol hand rub
Hand Washing
How to do It Right
1 First wet Wet hands under running water and apply nonabrasive soap
2 Next Vigorously rub palmsback of hands between fingers and wrists for 15 ndash 20 seconds
3 Rinse well and dry your hands dry with paper towel (not cloth towel or other fabric)
4 Avoid chapped and cracked hands if possible Use a water-based hand lotion frequently Petroleum-based products and Vaseline break down latex
Why alcohol based hand rub
bull Alcohol-based hand rubs take less time to use than traditional hand washing
bull Alcohol-based handrubs significantly reduce the number of microorganisms on skin and are fast acting
bull Allergic contact dermatitis due to alcohol hand rubs is very uncommon
Efficacy of Hand Hygiene Preparations in Killing Bacteria
Good Better Best
Plain Soap Antimicrobial soap
Alcohol-based handrub
Questions
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used by you for protection against a hazard
It helps to interrupt the transmission of micro-organisms between patients and staff
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Standard Precautions Apply to
1) blood2) all body fluids secretions and excretions except sweat regardless of whether or not they contain visible blood 3) non-intact skin 4) mucous membranes
Standard Precautionswhen with whom bull All the time
bull with all the patients
Hand washing
WhyBy what
WhenHow
Hand Washing
bull Whybull Hand washing is your first defense in
infection control
Handwashingwhat to use
bull Handwashing with soap and water in non-health care settings
bull When health care personnels hands are visibly soiled they should wash with soap and water
bull When health care personnels hands are not visibly soiled use alcohol-based handrubs
bull Handrubs and hand washing should be observed before and after each patient
Hand Washing
When1048696 After contact with blood or other
body fluids1048696 Before and after handling a patient1048696 Between glove changes1048696 Before and after eatingsmoking1048696 After using the rest room
Types of hand washing
Social Hand washingHygienic hand washing or
Antiseptic hand washingSurgical Hand washingAlcohol hand rub
Hand Washing
How to do It Right
1 First wet Wet hands under running water and apply nonabrasive soap
2 Next Vigorously rub palmsback of hands between fingers and wrists for 15 ndash 20 seconds
3 Rinse well and dry your hands dry with paper towel (not cloth towel or other fabric)
4 Avoid chapped and cracked hands if possible Use a water-based hand lotion frequently Petroleum-based products and Vaseline break down latex
Why alcohol based hand rub
bull Alcohol-based hand rubs take less time to use than traditional hand washing
bull Alcohol-based handrubs significantly reduce the number of microorganisms on skin and are fast acting
bull Allergic contact dermatitis due to alcohol hand rubs is very uncommon
Efficacy of Hand Hygiene Preparations in Killing Bacteria
Good Better Best
Plain Soap Antimicrobial soap
Alcohol-based handrub
Questions
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used by you for protection against a hazard
It helps to interrupt the transmission of micro-organisms between patients and staff
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Standard Precautionswhen with whom bull All the time
bull with all the patients
Hand washing
WhyBy what
WhenHow
Hand Washing
bull Whybull Hand washing is your first defense in
infection control
Handwashingwhat to use
bull Handwashing with soap and water in non-health care settings
bull When health care personnels hands are visibly soiled they should wash with soap and water
bull When health care personnels hands are not visibly soiled use alcohol-based handrubs
bull Handrubs and hand washing should be observed before and after each patient
Hand Washing
When1048696 After contact with blood or other
body fluids1048696 Before and after handling a patient1048696 Between glove changes1048696 Before and after eatingsmoking1048696 After using the rest room
Types of hand washing
Social Hand washingHygienic hand washing or
Antiseptic hand washingSurgical Hand washingAlcohol hand rub
Hand Washing
How to do It Right
1 First wet Wet hands under running water and apply nonabrasive soap
2 Next Vigorously rub palmsback of hands between fingers and wrists for 15 ndash 20 seconds
3 Rinse well and dry your hands dry with paper towel (not cloth towel or other fabric)
4 Avoid chapped and cracked hands if possible Use a water-based hand lotion frequently Petroleum-based products and Vaseline break down latex
Why alcohol based hand rub
bull Alcohol-based hand rubs take less time to use than traditional hand washing
bull Alcohol-based handrubs significantly reduce the number of microorganisms on skin and are fast acting
bull Allergic contact dermatitis due to alcohol hand rubs is very uncommon
Efficacy of Hand Hygiene Preparations in Killing Bacteria
Good Better Best
Plain Soap Antimicrobial soap
Alcohol-based handrub
Questions
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used by you for protection against a hazard
It helps to interrupt the transmission of micro-organisms between patients and staff
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Hand washing
WhyBy what
WhenHow
Hand Washing
bull Whybull Hand washing is your first defense in
infection control
Handwashingwhat to use
bull Handwashing with soap and water in non-health care settings
bull When health care personnels hands are visibly soiled they should wash with soap and water
bull When health care personnels hands are not visibly soiled use alcohol-based handrubs
bull Handrubs and hand washing should be observed before and after each patient
Hand Washing
When1048696 After contact with blood or other
body fluids1048696 Before and after handling a patient1048696 Between glove changes1048696 Before and after eatingsmoking1048696 After using the rest room
Types of hand washing
Social Hand washingHygienic hand washing or
Antiseptic hand washingSurgical Hand washingAlcohol hand rub
Hand Washing
How to do It Right
1 First wet Wet hands under running water and apply nonabrasive soap
2 Next Vigorously rub palmsback of hands between fingers and wrists for 15 ndash 20 seconds
3 Rinse well and dry your hands dry with paper towel (not cloth towel or other fabric)
4 Avoid chapped and cracked hands if possible Use a water-based hand lotion frequently Petroleum-based products and Vaseline break down latex
Why alcohol based hand rub
bull Alcohol-based hand rubs take less time to use than traditional hand washing
bull Alcohol-based handrubs significantly reduce the number of microorganisms on skin and are fast acting
bull Allergic contact dermatitis due to alcohol hand rubs is very uncommon
Efficacy of Hand Hygiene Preparations in Killing Bacteria
Good Better Best
Plain Soap Antimicrobial soap
Alcohol-based handrub
Questions
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used by you for protection against a hazard
It helps to interrupt the transmission of micro-organisms between patients and staff
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Hand Washing
bull Whybull Hand washing is your first defense in
infection control
Handwashingwhat to use
bull Handwashing with soap and water in non-health care settings
bull When health care personnels hands are visibly soiled they should wash with soap and water
bull When health care personnels hands are not visibly soiled use alcohol-based handrubs
bull Handrubs and hand washing should be observed before and after each patient
Hand Washing
When1048696 After contact with blood or other
body fluids1048696 Before and after handling a patient1048696 Between glove changes1048696 Before and after eatingsmoking1048696 After using the rest room
Types of hand washing
Social Hand washingHygienic hand washing or
Antiseptic hand washingSurgical Hand washingAlcohol hand rub
Hand Washing
How to do It Right
1 First wet Wet hands under running water and apply nonabrasive soap
2 Next Vigorously rub palmsback of hands between fingers and wrists for 15 ndash 20 seconds
3 Rinse well and dry your hands dry with paper towel (not cloth towel or other fabric)
4 Avoid chapped and cracked hands if possible Use a water-based hand lotion frequently Petroleum-based products and Vaseline break down latex
Why alcohol based hand rub
bull Alcohol-based hand rubs take less time to use than traditional hand washing
bull Alcohol-based handrubs significantly reduce the number of microorganisms on skin and are fast acting
bull Allergic contact dermatitis due to alcohol hand rubs is very uncommon
Efficacy of Hand Hygiene Preparations in Killing Bacteria
Good Better Best
Plain Soap Antimicrobial soap
Alcohol-based handrub
Questions
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used by you for protection against a hazard
It helps to interrupt the transmission of micro-organisms between patients and staff
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Handwashingwhat to use
bull Handwashing with soap and water in non-health care settings
bull When health care personnels hands are visibly soiled they should wash with soap and water
bull When health care personnels hands are not visibly soiled use alcohol-based handrubs
bull Handrubs and hand washing should be observed before and after each patient
Hand Washing
When1048696 After contact with blood or other
body fluids1048696 Before and after handling a patient1048696 Between glove changes1048696 Before and after eatingsmoking1048696 After using the rest room
Types of hand washing
Social Hand washingHygienic hand washing or
Antiseptic hand washingSurgical Hand washingAlcohol hand rub
Hand Washing
How to do It Right
1 First wet Wet hands under running water and apply nonabrasive soap
2 Next Vigorously rub palmsback of hands between fingers and wrists for 15 ndash 20 seconds
3 Rinse well and dry your hands dry with paper towel (not cloth towel or other fabric)
4 Avoid chapped and cracked hands if possible Use a water-based hand lotion frequently Petroleum-based products and Vaseline break down latex
Why alcohol based hand rub
bull Alcohol-based hand rubs take less time to use than traditional hand washing
bull Alcohol-based handrubs significantly reduce the number of microorganisms on skin and are fast acting
bull Allergic contact dermatitis due to alcohol hand rubs is very uncommon
Efficacy of Hand Hygiene Preparations in Killing Bacteria
Good Better Best
Plain Soap Antimicrobial soap
Alcohol-based handrub
Questions
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used by you for protection against a hazard
It helps to interrupt the transmission of micro-organisms between patients and staff
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Hand Washing
When1048696 After contact with blood or other
body fluids1048696 Before and after handling a patient1048696 Between glove changes1048696 Before and after eatingsmoking1048696 After using the rest room
Types of hand washing
Social Hand washingHygienic hand washing or
Antiseptic hand washingSurgical Hand washingAlcohol hand rub
Hand Washing
How to do It Right
1 First wet Wet hands under running water and apply nonabrasive soap
2 Next Vigorously rub palmsback of hands between fingers and wrists for 15 ndash 20 seconds
3 Rinse well and dry your hands dry with paper towel (not cloth towel or other fabric)
4 Avoid chapped and cracked hands if possible Use a water-based hand lotion frequently Petroleum-based products and Vaseline break down latex
Why alcohol based hand rub
bull Alcohol-based hand rubs take less time to use than traditional hand washing
bull Alcohol-based handrubs significantly reduce the number of microorganisms on skin and are fast acting
bull Allergic contact dermatitis due to alcohol hand rubs is very uncommon
Efficacy of Hand Hygiene Preparations in Killing Bacteria
Good Better Best
Plain Soap Antimicrobial soap
Alcohol-based handrub
Questions
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used by you for protection against a hazard
It helps to interrupt the transmission of micro-organisms between patients and staff
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Types of hand washing
Social Hand washingHygienic hand washing or
Antiseptic hand washingSurgical Hand washingAlcohol hand rub
Hand Washing
How to do It Right
1 First wet Wet hands under running water and apply nonabrasive soap
2 Next Vigorously rub palmsback of hands between fingers and wrists for 15 ndash 20 seconds
3 Rinse well and dry your hands dry with paper towel (not cloth towel or other fabric)
4 Avoid chapped and cracked hands if possible Use a water-based hand lotion frequently Petroleum-based products and Vaseline break down latex
Why alcohol based hand rub
bull Alcohol-based hand rubs take less time to use than traditional hand washing
bull Alcohol-based handrubs significantly reduce the number of microorganisms on skin and are fast acting
bull Allergic contact dermatitis due to alcohol hand rubs is very uncommon
Efficacy of Hand Hygiene Preparations in Killing Bacteria
Good Better Best
Plain Soap Antimicrobial soap
Alcohol-based handrub
Questions
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used by you for protection against a hazard
It helps to interrupt the transmission of micro-organisms between patients and staff
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Hand Washing
How to do It Right
1 First wet Wet hands under running water and apply nonabrasive soap
2 Next Vigorously rub palmsback of hands between fingers and wrists for 15 ndash 20 seconds
3 Rinse well and dry your hands dry with paper towel (not cloth towel or other fabric)
4 Avoid chapped and cracked hands if possible Use a water-based hand lotion frequently Petroleum-based products and Vaseline break down latex
Why alcohol based hand rub
bull Alcohol-based hand rubs take less time to use than traditional hand washing
bull Alcohol-based handrubs significantly reduce the number of microorganisms on skin and are fast acting
bull Allergic contact dermatitis due to alcohol hand rubs is very uncommon
Efficacy of Hand Hygiene Preparations in Killing Bacteria
Good Better Best
Plain Soap Antimicrobial soap
Alcohol-based handrub
Questions
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used by you for protection against a hazard
It helps to interrupt the transmission of micro-organisms between patients and staff
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Why alcohol based hand rub
bull Alcohol-based hand rubs take less time to use than traditional hand washing
bull Alcohol-based handrubs significantly reduce the number of microorganisms on skin and are fast acting
bull Allergic contact dermatitis due to alcohol hand rubs is very uncommon
Efficacy of Hand Hygiene Preparations in Killing Bacteria
Good Better Best
Plain Soap Antimicrobial soap
Alcohol-based handrub
Questions
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used by you for protection against a hazard
It helps to interrupt the transmission of micro-organisms between patients and staff
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Efficacy of Hand Hygiene Preparations in Killing Bacteria
Good Better Best
Plain Soap Antimicrobial soap
Alcohol-based handrub
Questions
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used by you for protection against a hazard
It helps to interrupt the transmission of micro-organisms between patients and staff
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Questions
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used by you for protection against a hazard
It helps to interrupt the transmission of micro-organisms between patients and staff
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Is specialized clothing or equipment worn or used by you for protection against a hazard
It helps to interrupt the transmission of micro-organisms between patients and staff
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Gloves Wear gloves (clean nonsterile ) when touching
ndash bloodndash body fluids secretions excretions ndash contaminated items ndash just before touching mucous membranesndash just before touching nonintact skin
Change glovesndash between tasks and procedures on the same patientndash after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of
microorganisms Remove gloves promptly
ndash after use ndash before touching noncontaminated items and environmental surfacesndash before going to another patient
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Gloves Does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene does not eliminate the need for gloves
Gloves reduce hand contamination by 70 percent to 80 percent
Gloves should be changed before and after each patient
Hands must be washed after removal because gloves may be punctured and your hands are easily contaminated as the gloves are taken off
Gloves must be discarded after each procedure
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
WEAR-Mask-Eye Protection -Face Shield
To protect eyes nose and mouth during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions and excretions
Such activities are not commonly encountered in ward settings
bull respiratory suction bull scrubbing of instrumentsbull endoscopy bull management of women in labor bull surgical procedures particularly orthopedic and cardiac surgery
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Wear a gown
bull Wear a gown to protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient-care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood body fluids secretions or excretions
bull Select a gown that is appropriate for the activity bull Remove a soiled gown as promptly as possible and
wash handsbull Avoid actions which may splash spray or splatter or
create droplets Never pipette or suction infectious materials by mouth
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
ndash Do not bull recap used needlesbull remove used needles from disposable syringes by handbull bend break or otherwise manipulate used needles by handbull pick up sharps with bare hands - use tongsdust pan and broom
ndash DObull Use glovesbull Place disposable sharp items in appropriate puncture-resistant containers for disposalbull place reusable syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container for transport to the
reprocessing areabull Always handle trash as if a sharp might be presentbull Use mouthpieces resuscitation bags or other ventilation devices as an alternative to
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation methods
ndash Take care whenbull using needles scalpels and other sharp instruments bull handling sharp instruments after proceduresbull cleaning used instruments bull disposing of used needles Never
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Engineering Controls
bull Safe needle devicesbull Needle less IV
connectorsbull Sharp Safe
containers
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
One hand scoop method
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Retractable Needle
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Safety shield
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Sharp Safe PolicyUsed sharps should be handled as little as possible to minimize the risk of injuryNeedles must not be re-sheathed If a needle and syringe needs to be disassembled then it should first be re-sheathed using a single handed techniqueSharps must be discarded immediately after use into a designated sharps containerSharps must never be carried in the hand to the point of disposal but either carried in a tray or a sharps container brought to the point of useThey should not be passed by hand between staffNeedles should not be removed from syringes but discarded as a single unitThe bins must never be more than frac34 filled sharps protruding from the aperture of a sharps bin present a major hazard to other usersBins must be securely closed and labeled with the date and point of origin before being sent for disposal
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present never
ndash Eatndash Drinkndash Smokendash apply cosmeticsndash or handle contact lenses
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
bull Use biohazard label for all infectious waste
bull Use leak proof closable puncture resistant and labeled Containers
bull Separate Biohazard waste from regular waste
bull Keep Bagged biohazard waste in the container through out disposal
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Practice Safe Clean Up In All Situations
Patient-Care Equipment
bull Handle used patient-care equipment soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures contamination of clothing and transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
bull Ensure that single-use items are discarded properly
bull Reusable equipment should be decontaminated after use
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Environmental hygieneCleaning and disinfection of the environment
Concurrent cleaning ndash all surfaces should be cleaned using the approved disinfectant
Terminal cleaning ndash after discharge of the patient with infection room should be disinfected using approved disinfectant
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Care of LinenUsed linen is potentially an infection risk especially if it is contaminated with blood or body fluid substances
Handle transport and process used linen soiled with blood body fluids secretions and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments
Render the linen ldquosaferdquo by heat disinfection (usually the linen is thermally disinfected at the highest temperature the material will withstand 65ordm C for at least 10 minutes or 71 ordm C for at least 3 minutes)
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Patient Placement
bull Place a patient who contaminates the environment or who does not (or cannot be expected to) assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control in a private room
bull If a private room is not available consult with infection control professionals
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Screening and Immunization
New EmployeesAll new employees are screened by Staff Clinic for Hep B and HIV Chest X-ray will be done to rule outpulmonary TuberculosisNew employees in high risk areas - Nasal screening done
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
In the Event of a Sharps Injury1 Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water2 Cover with a waterproof dressing3 Inform your In Charge or Supervisor4 Document the injury on an incident form 5 If known ndash note the details of the patient on whom the object
has been used6 Report to the Employee Health Department staff clinic) or
Emergency room
In the Event of a conjunctiva Mucous Membrane splash1 If splashed with blood body fluids irrigate with copious
amounts of water 2 follow steps 4 ndash 6 above
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
COLOUR CODING OF WASTE DISPOSAL BAGS
BLACK BAG For Disposing all types of General Wastes
PapersTissue papers Paper TowelsWrappers of hospital suppliesBottles Tin cans Food wastes
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Waste Disposal
PathologicalClinical WastePathologicalClinical Waste This is defined as waste which is contaminated with potentially
infectious substances eg blood fecal matter human tissue used dressings etc
This waste should be disposed off in a Biohazard Bag (YELLOW BAG)
Non pathological Waste Non Clinical WasteNon pathological Waste Non Clinical Wastebull This includes items such as office paper paper towels wrapping
for sterile packs and other health care waste which is not contaminated with probably infectious substances
bull This waste should be disposed of in a BLACK BAG
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
YELLOW BAG For Disposing Pathological Wastes (Any waste contaminated with Blood amp Body fluids secretions excretions and sharps etc)
Blood and Body Fluids CathetersWound Dressings
Syringes
IV Tubings Sets IV DressingsCentral Lines GlovesSuction Tubings Blood Transfusion setsSealed Sharp Safe Boxes
Redivac Drains
Nasogastric Tubes Sanitary padsSoiled Diapers Secretions ExcretionsLaboratory specimens
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
SINGLE PATIENT USE DEVICES
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Contdhellip
Blood spill kit and Mercury spill kitThese are available with the domestic staffand they are trained to use these kitsCleaning other facilities and equipments isdone on a routine basisEMC (Equipment Maintenance Center)All equipments are sent to EMC for cleaningand disinfection
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Contdhelliphellip
Items that undergo sterilization are sent to CSSD situated outside the hospital complex After the sterilization process the items are Packed and returned to the respective areas ready for use
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Contdhelliphellip
Screening of water supply is done on weeklyBasis through Engineering DeptEnvironmental screening is done in certain High risk areas as per scheduleOther Staff and environment screening will be done if necessary especially duringOutbreak investigation
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
Work Practice Controlsbull To clean up a blood spill you can carefully
cover the spill with paper towels or ragsbull then gently pour the disinfectant over the
towels and leave at least ten minutesbull Mops
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
TEST TIME
Now you can take the test
