Safeguarding Australia’s Marine Parks Network: the science case We, the undersigned scientists, are deeply concerned about the future of the Australian Marine Parks Network and the apparent abandoning of science-based policy by the Australian Government. On 21 July 2017, the Australian Government released draft management plans that recommend how the Marine Parks Network should be managed. These plans are deeply flawed from a science perspective. Of particular concern to scientists is the Government’s proposal to significantly reduce high-level or no-take protection (Marine National Park Zone IUCN II), replacing it with partial protection (Habitat Protection Zone IUCN IV), the benefits of which are at best modest but more generally have been shown to be inadequate. The 2012 expansion of Australia’s Marine Parks Network was a major step forward in the conservation of marine biodiversity, providing protection to habitats and ecological processes critical to marine life. However, there were flaws in the location of the parks and their planned protection levels, with barely 3% of the continental shelf, the area subject to greatest human use, afforded high-level protection status, and most of that of residual importance to biodiversity. The Government’s 2013 Review of the Australian Marine Parks Network had the potential to address these flaws and strengthen protection. However, the draft management plans have proposed severe reductions in high-level protection of almost 400,000 km2 i.e. 46% of the high-level protection in the marine parks established in 2012. Commercial fishing would be allowed in 80% of the waters within the marine parks, including activities assessed by the Government’s own risk assessments as incompatible with conservation. Recreational fishing would occur in 97% of Commonwealth waters out to 100 kilometres of the coast, ignoring the evidence documenting the negative impacts of recreational fishing on biodiversity outcomes.

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Under the draft plans: • The Coral Sea Marine Park, which links the iconic Great Barrier Reef Marine Park to the waters of

New Caledonia’s Exclusive Economic Zone (also under consideration for protection), has had its Marine National Park Zones (IUCN II) reduced in area by approximately 53%;

• Six of the largest marine parks have had the area of their Marine National Park Zones IUCN II reduced by 42%–73%;

• Two marine parks have been entirely stripped of any high-level protection, leaving 16 of the 44 marine parks created in 2012 without any form of Marine National Park IUCN II protection.

The replacement of high-level protection by partial protection is not supported by science. The Government’s own economic analyses also indicate that such a reduction in protection offers little more than marginal economic benefits to a very small number of commercial fishery licence holders. This retrograde step by Australia’s government is a matter of both national and international significance. Australia has been a world leader in marine conservation for decades, beginning with the establishment of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park in the 1970s and its expanded protection in 2004. At a time when oceans are under increasing pressure from overexploitation, climate change, industrialisation, and plastics and other forms of pollution, building resilience through highly protected Marine National Park IUCN II Zones is well supported by decades of science. This research documents how high-level protection conserves biodiversity, enhances fisheries, and assists ecosystem recovery, serving as essential reference areas against which areas that are subject to human activity can be compared to assess impact. The establishment of a strong backbone of high-level protection within Marine National Park Zones throughout Australia’s Exclusive Economic Zone would be a scientifically based contribution to the protection of intact marine ecosystems globally. Such protection is consistent with the move by many countries, including Chile, France, Kiribati, New Zealand, Russia, the UK and US to establish very large no-take marine reserves. In stark contrast, the implementation of the Government’s draft management plans would see Australia become the first nation to retreat on oceans protection. Australia’s oceans are a global asset, spanning tropical, temperate and Antarctic waters. They support six of the seven known species of marine turtles and more than half of the world’s whale and dolphin species. Australia’s oceans are home to over 20% of the world’s fish species and are a hotspot of marine endemism. By properly protecting them, Australia will be supporting the maintenance of our global ocean heritage. The finalisation of the Marine Parks Network remains a remarkable opportunity for the Australian Government to strengthen the levels of Marine National Park Zone IUCN II protection and to do so on the back of strong evidence. In contrast, implementation of the Government’s retrograde draft management plans undermines ocean resilience and would allow damaging activities to proceed in the absence of proof of impact, ignoring the fact that a lack of evidence does not mean a lack of impact. These draft plans deny the science-based evidence.

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We encourage the Australian government to increase the number and area of Marine National Park IUCN II Zones, building on the large body of science that supports such decision making. This means achieving a target of at least 30% of each marine habitat in these zones, which is supported by Australian and international marine scientists and affirmed by the World Parks Congress (Sydney, 2015) and the IUCN Members Assembly at the World Conservation Congress (Hawaii, 2016). On behalf of OSCA:

David Booth Professor of Marine Ecology and Director of Centre for Environmental Sustainability, University of Technology Sydney.

Chris Daniels Professor of Biology, Division of Health Sciences,University of South Australia

Ove Hoegh-Guldberg FAA Director of the Global Change Institute and Professor of Marine Science at the University of Queensland.

Craig Johnson Head of Ecology and Biodiversity Centre, and Associate Director, Institute of Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania

Jessica Meeuwig Professor of Marine Science and Director, Marine Futures Lab, University of Western Australia

David Pannell Professor of Environmental Economics, University of Western Australia

And undersigned by:

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Signatories and country Signatories and country Professor April Abbott, Australia Professor Sarah Dunlop, Australia Professor Laura Airoldi, Italy Professor Kenneth Dunton, US Professor Martin Attrill, UK Professor Karen Eckert, US Professor Andrew Baird, Australia Professor Pim Edelaar, Spain Professor Murray Baker, Australia Professor Graham Edgar, Australia Professor Brianna Bambic, US Professor Paul Ehrlich, US Professor Natalie Ban, Canada Professor Mike Elliott, UK Professor Julia Baum, Canada Professor Simon Ellwood, Australia Professor Kamal Bawa, US Professor Matthew England, Australia Professor Rodrigo Beas, Mexico Professor David Everatt, South Africa Professor Andrew Beattie, Australia Professor Sara Fabrikant, Switzerland Professor Lynnath Beckley, Australia Professor Colin Finlayson, Australia Professor Luciano Beheregaray, Australia Professor Scott Fitzpatrick, US Professor Kerstin Bilgmann, Australia Professor Tim Flannery, Australia Professor David Bird, Canada Professor Marie-Josee Fortin, Canada Professor Charles Birkeland, US Professor Nohora Galvis, Colombia Professor Crister Björk, Sweden Professor Didier Gascuel, France Professor Dee Boersma, US Professor Jean-Pierre Gattuso, France Professor David J. Booth, Australia Professor Sven Gemballa, Germany Professor Michael Borowitzka, Australia Professor Deborah Gochfeld, US Professor Jean-Michel Boucheix, France Professor Brendan Godley, UK Professor Brian Bowen, US Professor Nick Graham, UK Professor Catherine Boyen, France Professor Andrea Grottoli, US Professor Corey Bradshaw, Australia Professor Anil Gupta, Australia Professor Andrew Brierley, UK Professor Benjamin Halpern, US Professor Annette Broderick, UK Professor Neil Hammerschlag, US Professor Jon Brodie, Australia Professor Rob Harcourt, Australia Professor Culum Brown, Australia Professor Mark Hixon, US Professor Brett Bryan, Australia Professor Keith Hobson, Canada Professor John Buckeridge, Australia Professor Ove Hoegh-Guldberg, Australia Professor Romola Bucks, Australia Professor YuJing Huang, Taiwan Professor Margaret Burchett, Australia Professor Dennis Hubbard, US Professor Alejandro Buschmann, Chile Professor Terry Hughes, Australia Professor Maria Byrne, Australia Professor Evan Ingley, Australia Professor Stephen Carpenter, US Professor Craig Johnson, Australia Professor Graham Chandler, Australia Professor Calestous Juma, US Professor Bénédicte Charrier, Australia Professor Sterling Keeley, US Professor Allen Chen, Taiwan Professor Gary Kendrick, Australia Professor Anthony Cheshire, Australia Professor Magdy Khalil, Egypt Professor Joshua Cinner, Australia Professor Heather Koldewey, UK Professor Shaun Collin, Australia Professor Brenda Konar, US Professor Robert Costanza, Australia Professor Dan Laffoley, UK Professor Isabelle Cote, Canada Professor Anthony Larkum, Australia Professor Chris Daniels, Australia Professor Paul Lavery, Australia Professor Andy Davis, Australia Professor Olivier Le Pape, France

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Professor Dominique Davoult, France Professor Reinhold Leinfelder, Germany Professor Heinz de Couet, US Professor Manfred Lenzen, Australia Professor Rodolphe Devillers, Canada Professor Stephan Lewandowsky, UK Professor Robert Dunbar, US Professor Rob Lewis, Australia Professor Richard Lowe, Australia Professor Ester Serrao, Portugal Professor John Lucas, Australia Professor Tina Seufert, Germany Professor Justin Marshall, Australia Professor Radhey Sharma, India Professor Boris Martinac, Australia Professor Craig Smith, US Professor Pere Masque, Australia Professor Isabel Sousa Pinto, Portugal Professor Laurence McCook, Australia Professor Mark Spackman, Australia Professor Malcolm McCulloch, Australia Professor Peter Steinberg, Australia Professor John McMannus, US Professor Michael Stekoll, US Professor Camille McNeely, US Professor Robert Steneck, US Professor Jeffrey McNeely, Thailand Professor Tim Stephens, Australia Professor Jessica Meeuwig, Australia Professor Rashid Sumaila, Canada Professor Bruce Menge, US Professor Iain Suthers, Australia Professor Anna Metaxas, Canada Professor Yoshimi Suzuki, Japan Professor Fiorenza Micheli, US Professor Frank Talbot, Australia Professor Camilo Mora, Colombia Professor Michael Tarrant, US Professor Philip Munday, Australia Professor John Terborgh, Australia Professor Juan José Negro Balmaseda, Spain Professor Eric Thiebaut, France Professor Barbara Nowak, Australia Professor Torsten Thomas, Australia Professor John Ogden, US Professor Brian Tissot, US Professor Thomas Okey, Canada Professor Andrew Trites, Canada Professor Tacyana Oliveira, Brazil Professor Ian Turner, Australia Professor Janet Oliver, US Professor Paul Valdes, UK Professor John Pandolfi, Australia Professor Carles Vilà, Spain Professor David Pannell, Australia Professor Amanda Vincent, Canada Professor Daniel Pauly, Canada Professor Robert Warner, US Professor Ellen Pikitch, US Professor Marshall Weisler, Australia Professor Rolf Ploetzner, Germany Professor Frederick Whoriskey, Canada Professor Hugh Possingham, Australia Professor Susan Williams, US Professor Warren Potts, South Africa Professor Eric Wolanski, Australia Professor Donald Price, US Professor Dirk Zeller, Australia Professor Liz Pritchard, Australia Professor Jianxin Zhao, Australia Professor Graham Pyke, Australia Professor Meixia Zhao, China Professor Mark Ragan, Australia Emeritus Professor Don Bradshaw, Australia Professor Jo Randall, Australia Emeritus Professor James Crabbe, UK Professor Timothy Ravasi, Saudi Arabia Emeritus Professor Michael Hadfield, US Professor Kai Reuter, Germany Emeritus Professor Patrick Hulley, South Africa Professor Robert Richmond, US Emeritus Professor Ronald Karlson, US Professor William Ripple, US Emeritus Professor Harry Recher, Australia Professor Callum Roberts, UK Emeritus Professor J Dale Roberts, Australia Professor Barry Rolett, US Emeritus Professor Peter F Sale, Canada Professor Andrew Rose, Australia Emeritus Professor H. Schuhmacher, Germany Professor Garry Russ, Australia Emeritus Professor Charles Sheppard, UK

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Professor Anne Salomon, Canada Emeritus Professor Stanly Steinberg, US Professor Alfredo Jr Santiago, Australia Emeritus Professor David Suzuki, Canada Professor Corazon Santiago, Australia Adjunct Professor Mal Bryce, Australia Professor Robert Scheibling, Canada Adjunct Professor Julian Caley, Australia Professor Katharina Scheiter, Germany Adjunct Professor Mauvis Gore, UK Professor Peer Schenk, Australia Adjunct Professor William Humphreys, Australia Professor Neil Schwartz, US Adjunct Professor Jeffrey Leis, Australia Adjunct Professor Alyssa Marshell, Australia Associate Professor Todd Minchinton, Australia Adjunct Professor Trevor Ward, Australia Associate Professor Luciana Moller, Australia Associate Professor David Abrego, UAE Associate Professor Julie Mondon, Australia Associate Professor R.Anderson, South Africa Associate Professor Shauna Murray, Australia Associate Professor Leanne Armand, Australia Associate Professor Michael Noad, Australia Associate Professor Gavin Birch, Australia Associate Professor Romina Palermo, Australia Associate Professor Julia Blanchard, Australia Associate Professor Matthew Piggott, Australia Associate Professor Michael Bode, Australia Associate Professor Kylie Pitt, Australia Associate Professor Demian Chapman, US Associate Professor Alistair Poore, Australia Associate Professor William Cheung, Australia Associate Professor Christopher Poulton, Australia Associate Professor Timothy Clark, Australia Associate Professor Jonathan Prangnell, Australia Associate Professor Peter Clements, Australia Associate Professor Cynthia Riginos, Australia Associate Professor Peta Clode, Australia Associate Professor David Ritz, Australia Associate Professor Wayne Davies, Australia Associate Professor Etienne Rivot, France Associate Professor Sandie Degnan, Australia Associate Professor AM Shahabuddin, Bangladesh Associate Professor Franz Essl, Austria Associate Professor Jeff Shimeta, Australia Associate Professor Jon Evans, Australia Associate Professor Cedric Simenel, Australia Associate Professor Theodore Evans, Australia Associate Professor Delphine Thibault, France Associate Professor Jose Facelli, Australia Associate Professor Julie Trotter, Australia Associate Professor Will Figueira, Australia Associate Professor Erik Veneklaas, Australia Associate Professor Ronaldo Francini-Filho, Brazil Associate Professor Ana Vila-Concejo, Australia Associate Professor Monica Gagliano, Australia Associate Professor Patti Virtue, Australia Associate Professor Marthe Gagnon, Australia Associate Professor Jonathan Webb, Australia Associate Professor Andrew Gardner, Australia Associate Professor Thomas Wernberg, Australia Associate Professor Andrea Gaynor, Australia Associate Professor Geoff Wescott, Australia Associate Professor Felipe Gusmao, Brazil Associate Professor Benedict White, Australia Associate Professor Neil Hallam, Australia Associate Professor Jane Williamson, Australia Associate Professor Quentin Hanich, Australia Associate Professor Zhendong Zhang, China Associate Professor Nathan Hart, Australia Assistant Professor Ann Andersen, France Associate Professor Verena Häussermann, Chile Assistant Professor Angela Capper, UK Associate Professor Rosalind Hinde, Australia Assistant Professor Juan Cruz Motta, Puerto Rico Associate Professor Joanna House, UK Assistant Professor Atsushi Fujimura, Guam Associate Professor Frances Hoyle, Australia Assistant Professor Aaron Galloway, US Associate Professor Cynthia Hunter, US Assistant Professor Keryn Gedan, US Associate Professor Charlie Huveneers, Australia Assistant Professor Kirsten Grorud-Colvert, US Associate Professor D. Ierodiaconou, Australia Assistant Professor Carly Kenkel, US Associate Professor Jodie Jenkinson, Canada Assistant Professor D. Martins de Freitas, Brazil Associate Professor Ron Johnstone, Australia Assistant Professor Dianne McLean, Australia Associate Professor Oliver Jones, Australia Assistant Professor Mark Novak, US

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Associate Professor Jochen Kaempf, Australia Assistant Professor Katherina Petrou, Australia Associate Professor Jasmine Lamb, Australia Assistant Professor Bryce Stewart, Australia Associate Professor Laurie Laurenson, Australia Assistant Professor Eric Treml, Australia Associate Professor Andy Leigh, Australia Assistant Professor Athanassios Tsikliras, Greece Associate Professor Gabriella Lindgren, Sweden Assistant Professor Colin Wen, Taiwan Associate Professor Shao-Lun Liu, Taiwan Assistant Professor Mingpei You, Australia Associate Professor Joshua Madin, Australia Lecturer Maria Beger, UK Associate Professor Peter Marko, US Lecturer Jose Antonio Bimbao, Philippines Associate Professor Diane McDougald, Australia Lecturer Pin-Chen Chen, Taiwan Associate Professor Tim Mercer, Australia Lecturer Evelina Facelli, Australia Lecturer Graham Fulton, Australia Dr. Nathan Bott, Australia Lecturer Mikell Gleason, US Dr. Phil Bouchet, Australia Lecturer Georg Heiss, Germany Dr. Gill Braulik, UK Lecturer Renae Hovey, Australia Dr. Tom Bridge, Australia Lecturer Tiina Manne, Australia Dr. Craig Brown, Canada Lecturer Randi Rollins, US Dr. Eleanor Bruce, Australia Lecturer Nahiid Stephens, Australia Dr. Emmanuelle Buecher Hall, Australia Lecturer Marian Wong, Australia Dr. Ana Bugnot, Australia Dr. Rene Abesamis, Philippines Dr. Samantha Burgess, UK Dr. Kym Abrams, Australia Dr. Javier Bustamante, Spain Dr. Mark Adams, Australia Dr. Nathalie Butt, Australia Dr. Prue Addison, UK Dr. Bruno` Buzatto, Australia Dr. Greta Aeby, US Dr. Marion Cambridge, Australia Dr. Penelope Ajani, Australia Dr. Claudio Campagna, Argentina Dr. Simon Allen, Australia Dr. Alexandra Campbell, Australia Dr. Rajan Amin, UK Dr. Bruce Carlson, US Dr. Ross Anderson, Australia Dr. Peter Carpenter, Australia Dr. Dominic Andradi-Brown, US Dr. Savrina Carrizo, UK Dr. Elena Angulo, Spain Dr. Carolina Castro Sanguino, Australia Dr. Enrique Arboleda, France Dr. Emma Cavan, Australia Dr. Linda Armbrecht, Australia Dr. Daniela Ceccarelli, Australia Dr. Ben Ashton, Australia Dr. Lucille Chapuis, Australia Dr. Marie Auger-Methe, Canada Dr. Heloise Chassé, Canada Dr. Cynthia Awruch, Australia Dr. Karen Cheney, Australia Dr. Ben Baghurst, Australia Dr. Andrew Chin, Australia Dr. Anastazia Banaszak, Mexico Dr. Fredrik Christiansen, Australia Dr. Shanta Barley, Australia Dr. Sabine Christiansen, Germany Dr. Diego Barneche, Australia Dr. J. Mark Cock, France Dr. Michele Barnes, Australia Dr. Greg Collings, Australia Dr. Daniel Bateman, Australia Dr. Belinda Cooke, Australia Dr. Elisa Bayraktarov, Australia Dr. Christopher Cornwall, Australia Dr. Giovanni Bearzi, Italy Dr. Shannon Corrigan, Australia Dr. Hannah Bender, Australia Dr. Fabio Cortesi, Australia Dr. Kimberley Bennett, UK Dr. Anita Cosgrove, Australia Dr. Oliver Berkowitz, Australia Dr. Peter Cowman, Australia Dr. Hawthorne Beyer, Australia Dr. Peter Craig, US

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Dr. Mary Ann Bimbao, Philippines Dr. Charles Cranfield, Australia Dr. Chico Birrell, Australia Dr. Christine Crawford, Australia Dr. Laura Blamey, Seychelles Dr. George Cresswell, Australia Dr. Ma Carmen Blazquez, Mexico Dr. Sarika Cullis-Suzuki, Canada Dr. Jordi Boada, Spain Dr. Katherine Cure, Australia Dr. Martin Bohle, Belgium Dr. Belinda Curley, Australia Dr. BJorn Bohman, Australia Dr. David Curnick, UK Dr. Pim Bongaerts, Australia Dr. Philippe Cury, France Dr. Sylvain Bonhommeau, France Dr. Mirjam Czjzek, France Dr. David Booth, Australia Dr. Katherine Dafforn, Australia Dr. Pablo Borboroglu, US Dr. Remi Daigle, Canada Dr. MIke Bossley, Australia Dr. Steven Dalton, Australia Dr. Lisa Boström-Einarsson, Australia Dr. Katrina Davis, Australia Dr. Kevin Davies, Australia Dr. Ruby Garthwin, Australia Dr. Jo Day, Australia Dr. Clelia Gasparini, Australia Dr. Fanny de Busserolles, Australia Dr. Ievgeniia Gazo, France Dr. Belinda Dechnik, Brazil Dr. Samuel Georgian, US Dr. Marie-Claire Demers, Australia Dr. Anupam Ghosh, India Dr. Evelyne Deplazes, Australia Dr. John Gibbens, Australia Dr. Lyndon DeVantier, Australia Dr. Peter Gill, Australia Dr. Ricardo Díaz-Delgado, Spain Dr. Kevin Gillinder, Australia Dr. Joseph DiBattista, Australia Dr. James Gilmour, Australia Dr. Philip Doherty, UK Dr. Christopher Goatley, Australia Dr. Peter Doherty, Australia Dr. Angélique Gobet, France Dr. Mary Donovan, US Dr. Jordan Goetze, Australia Dr. Ryan Dosselli, Australia Dr. Matthew Gollock, Australia Dr. Alistair Dove, US Dr. Hedley Grantham, Australia Dr. Alesya Drozdova, Australia Dr. Rachael Gray, Australia Dr. Lucile Drujont, France Dr. Alana Grech, Australia Dr. Nola D'Souza, Australia Dr. Aaron Greenville, Australia Dr. Stephanie Duce, Australia Dr. Monique Grol, Australia Dr. Christine Dudgeon, Australia Dr. R Gruber, Australia Dr. Sylvia Earle, US Dr. Lexa Grutter, Australia Dr. Leslie Edwards, Australia Dr. Georgina Gurney, Australia Dr. Sarah Engelhard, Australia Dr. Amanda Guy-Chresby, Australia Dr. Richard Evans, Australia Dr. Scott Hadley, Australia Dr. Jason Everett, Australia Dr. Sarah Hameed, US Dr. Renate Faast, Australia Dr. Caroline Hammerschlag, US Dr. Daniel Falster, Australia Dr. Dominique Hansen, Australia Dr. Alex Farnsworth, UK Dr. Nerida Harley, Australia Dr. Douglas Fenner, American Samoa Dr. Peter Harlow, Australia Dr. Sean Fennessy, South Africa Dr. Alasdair Harris, UK Dr. Toni Ferrara, Australia Dr. Jean Harris, South Africa Dr. Hugh Finn, Australia Dr. Daniel Harrison, Australia Dr. Brittany Finucci, Australia Dr. Hugo Harrison, Australia Dr. Judith Fisher, Australia Dr. Adela Harvey, Australia

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Dr. Aysha Fleming, Australia Dr. Megan Head, Australia Dr. Veronique Florec, Australia Dr. Martin Heesemann, Canada Dr. Emma Flukees, Australia Dr. Cecile Herve, France Dr. Melissa Foley, New Zealand Dr. Nicholas Hill, UK Dr. Anna Forster, Australia Dr. Nicole Hill, Australia Dr. Kevin Foster, Australia Dr. Ross Hill, Australia Dr. Sarah Foster, Canada Dr. Jennifer Hiscock, Australia Dr. Amelia Fowles, Australia Dr. James Hitchcock, Australia Dr. Lorenz Frick, Switzerland Dr. Ming-Jay Ho, Taiwan Dr. Alan Friedlander, US Dr. Will Hobbs, Australia Dr. Jane Fromont, Australia Dr. David Hocking, Australia Dr. Christine Fury, Australia Dr. Andrew Hoey, Australia Dr. Ashton Gainsford, Australia Dr. Anne Hoggett, Australia Dr. Erica Garcia, Australia Dr. Glen Holmes, Australia Dr. Francisco Garcia-Gonzalez, Spain Dr. John Hooper, Australia Dr. Naomi Gardiner, Australia Dr. Jessica Hopf, Australia Dr. Pelli Howe, Australia Dr. Ian Leiper, Australia Dr. Ya-Yi Huang, Taiwan Dr. Tom Letessier, Australia Dr. Jenny Huggett, South Africa Dr. Chris Lindemann, Norway Dr. Chantal Huijbers, Australia Dr. Scott Ling, Australia Dr. Alison Hunt, Australia Dr. Michelle Linklater, Australia Dr. Pat Hutchings, Australia Dr. Joan Llort, Australia Dr. Kurt Ingeman, US Dr. Alicia Lloyd, Australia Dr. David Jacoby, UK Dr. Marlies Loescher, Australia Dr. Kerstin Jantke, Germany Dr. Maylene Loo, Australia Dr. Krystal Jay, Australia Dr. Laura Lopez, Australia Dr. Robert Jeffery, Australia Dr. Sarah Lucas, Australia Dr. Tim Jessop, Australia Dr. Vanessa Lucieer, Australia Dr. Hui Jiang, Australia Dr. Vimoksalehi Lukoschek, Australia Dr. Zhijian Jiang, China Dr. Stephen Madigan, Australia Dr. Kim Johnson, Australia Dr. Elizabeth Madin, Australia Dr. Keith Jones, Australia Dr. Angela Maharaj, Australia Dr. Peter J. Jones, UK Dr. Carrie Manfrino, Cayman Islands Dr. Ricarda Jost, Australia Dr. Bruce Mann, South Africa Dr. John Kalman, Australia Dr. Gabriel Markov, France Dr. Sarit Kaserzon, Australia Dr. Ezequiel Marzinelli, Australia Dr. Caralyn Kemp, Australia Dr. Martin Marzloff, France Dr. Emma Kennedy, Australia Dr. Paloma Matis, Australia Dr. Steven Kessel, US Dr. Elaine Mawbey, UK Dr. Jude Keyse, Australia Dr. Mariana Mayer Pinto, Australia Dr. Milena Kim, Australia Dr. Gael McGill, US Dr. Tye Kindinger, US Dr. Trevor McIntyre, South Africa Dr. Kristen King, Australia Dr. Louise McKenzie, Australia Dr. Stephanie King, Australia Dr. Clive McMahon, Australia Dr. John Kirkwood, Australia Dr. Liana McManus, US Dr. O. Selma Klanten, Australia Dr. Chloe McSkimming, Australia

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Dr. Joan Kleypas, US Dr. Sue Meek, Australia Dr. David Kline, US Dr. Camille Mellin, Australia Dr. Andreas Klocker, Australia Dr. Olaf Meynecke, Australia Dr. Halina Kobryn, Australia Dr. Nova Mieszkowska, UK Dr. Klaus Koop, Australia Dr. Jacquomo Monk, Australia Dr. Riku Koskela, Australia Dr. Ellen Moon, Australia Dr. Peter Kyne, Australia Dr. Glenn Moore, Australia Dr. Myriam Lacharite, Canada Dr. Guia Morelli, Australia Dr. Anthony Lamb, UK Dr. Lance Morgan, US Dr. Sergio Lambertucci, Argentina Dr. Jessica Mountford, Australia Dr. Judith Lang, US Dr. Rebecca Mueller, Australia Dr. Glenn-Marie Lange, US Dr. Ana Muler, Australia Dr. Ana Lara-Lopez, Australia Dr. Phil Mulhearn, Australia Dr. Helen Larson, Australia Dr. Samantha Munroe, Australia Dr. Jennifer Lavers, Australia Dr. Joy Murray, Australia Dr. Catherine Leblanc, France Dr. Jackie Myers, Australia Dr. Kate Lee, Australia Dr. Lauren Nadler, US Dr. Melanie Leef, Australia Dr. Gerrit Nanninga, UK Dr. Xinming Lei, China Dr. Cornelia Nauen, Belgium Dr. Sasi Nayar, Australia Dr. John Stevens, Australia Dr. Christopher Neff, Australia Dr. Tim Stevens, Australia Dr. Jonathan Nevill, Australia Dr. Slobodanka Stojkovic, Australia Dr. Thomas Newsome, Australia Dr. Curt Storlazzi, US Dr. Son Nghiem, Australia Dr. Martin Stringer, Australia Dr. Ai Nguyen, Australia Dr. Jamie Sziklay, US Dr. Quan Nguyen, Australia Dr. Paul Thomas, Australia Dr. Anne-Elise Nieblas, France Dr. Jordan Thomson, Australia Dr. Daniel Nielsen, Australia Dr. Linda Tonk, Australia Dr. Elliott Norse, US Dr. Gergely Torda, Australia Dr. Justine O'Brien, Australia Dr. Kathy Townsend, Australia Dr. Bethan O'Leary, UK Dr. Rowan Trebilco, Australia Dr. Ylva Olsen, Australia Dr. Stacey Trevathan-Tackett, Australia Dr. Kylie Owen, Australia Dr. Lillian Tuttle, US Dr. Jerome Ozkan, Australia Dr. Vicky Tzioumis, Australia Dr. Maria Palacios, Australia Dr. Dacil Unzue Belmonte, Spain Dr. Deng Palomares, Philippines Dr. Alexander Vail, Australia Dr. John Parkinson, US Dr. Lyle Vail, Australia Dr. Frederic Partensky, France Dr. Tom Van Engeland, Belgium Dr. John Paxton, Australia Dr. Mike van Keulen, Australia Dr. David Pearton, South Africa Dr. Paul van Ruth, Australia Dr. Pierre Pepin, Canada Dr. Monique Van Sluys, Australia Dr. Heidi Pethybridge, Australia Dr. Andrew Venter, South Africa Dr. Genevieve Phillips, Australia Dr. Adriana Verges, Australia Dr. Helen Phillips, Australia Dr. Charlie Veron, Australia Dr. Megan Phillips, Australia Dr. Gabriel Vianna, Brazil Dr. Barbara Pinheiro, Brazil Dr. Laurent Vigliola, France

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Dr. Nicole Pinnel, Germany Dr. Kimberly Vinette Herrin, Australia Dr. Gavin Pinniger, Australia Dr. Brigitte Vlaswinkel, Australia Dr. Chiara Pisapia, US Dr. Tom Vosmer, Australia Dr. Jennifer Pistevos, Australia Dr. Kris Waddington, Australia Dr. Pierre Pistorius, South Africa Dr. Melissa Walsh, Australia Dr. Jacqui Pocklington, Australia Dr. Mark Waters, Australia Dr. David Pollard, Australia Dr. Amy Waterson, UK Dr. Amanda Pollock, US Dr. Myfanwy Webb, Australia Dr. Adam Pope, Australia Dr. Scotte Wedderburn, Australia Dr. Lisa Pope, Australia Dr. Rebecca Weeks, Australia Dr. Sean Porter, South Africa Dr. Amelia Wenger, Australia Dr. Philippe Potin, France Dr. Grant Westphalen, Australia Dr. David Powter, Australia Dr. Steve Whalan, Australia Dr. Martina Prazeres, Australia Dr. Philip Whittington, South Africa Dr. Jane Prince, Australia Dr. Tim Williams, Australia Dr. James Quilty, Philippines Dr. David Williamson, Australia Dr. Thierry Rakotoarivelo, Australia Dr. Ceit Wilson, Australia Dr. Vincent Raoult, Australia Dr. Nerida Wilson, Australia Dr. Catherine Rassat, Singapore Dr. Matthew Witt, UK Dr. Daniel Reed, US Dr. Josh Wodak, Australia Dr. Keven Reed, US Dr. Sally Wood, UK Dr. Alan Rees, UK Dr. Natascha Wosnick, Brazil Dr. Götz Reinicke, Australia Dr. Jeff Wright, Australia Dr. Maria Reyes Nivia, Australia Dr. Shelley Wright, Australia Dr. Claire Reymond, Germany Dr. Barbara Wueringer, Australia Dr. Zoe Richards, Australia Dr. Nathanael Yates, Australia Dr. Gemma Richards, Australia Dr. Leandro Yokota, Brazil Dr. Amanda Ridley, Australia Dr. Susanne Zajitschek, Spain Dr. Aaron Rie, US Dr. Yuyang Zhang, China Dr. Eli Rinde, Norway Dr. Romy Zyngier, Australia Dr. Euan Ritchie, Australia Ms. Michelle Achlatis, Australia Dr. Clive Roberts, New Zealand Mr. Kye Adams, Australia Dr. Dan Roberts, Australia Mr. Sahir Advani, Canada Dr. Abbie Rogers, Australia Ms. Helene Aflenzer, Australia Dr. Natalie Rogers, Australia Ms. Tiffany Allen, US Dr. Jane Rosser, Australia Mr. Parama Anandan, India Dr. Tullio Rossi, Australia Ms. Kathryn Anderson, Australia Dr. Jean-François Rouet, France Ms. Brooke Anderton, Australia Dr. Anthony Rouphael, Australia Ms. Samantha Andrzejaczek, Australia Dr. Tracy Rout, Australia Mr. Michael Archer, Australia Dr. John Runcie, Australia Ms. Asia Armstrong, Australia Dr. Rebecca Runting, Australia Mr. Justin Ashworth, Australia Dr. Barry Russell, Australia Ms. Danielle Asson-Batzel, Australia Dr. Enric Sala, US Mr. Scott Atkinson, Australia Dr. Chandra Salgado Kent, Australia Ms. Hannah Auricht, Australia Dr. Marta Sánchez, Spain Ms. Lynda Avery, Australia

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Dr. Nadia Santini Gonzalez, Australia Ms. Stephanie Avery-Gomm, Australia Dr. Raphaël Santos, Switzerland Mr. Colin Bailey, Australia Dr. Megan Saunders, Australia Mr. Dylan Bailey, South Africa Dr. Donna Savigni, Australia Mr. Jarrad Baker, Australia Dr. Sander Scheffers, Australia Ms. Janine Baker, Australia Dr. Verena Schoepf, Australia Ms. Valonna Baker, Australia Dr. Robyn Schofield, Australia Ms. Arieanna Balbar, Canada Dr. Anna Scott, Australia Ms. Rachelle Balez, Australia Dr. Benoît Serive, Australia Ms. Emily Banham, Australia Dr. Yehuda Shalem, Australia Ms. A Banno, Canada Dr. Shailendra Sham, South Africa Ms. Teresita Banno, Canada Dr. Melissa Shaw, US Ms. Cami Barausse, South Africa Dr. Scoresby Shepherd AO, Australia Ms. Barbara Bartlett, Australia Dr. Nahshon Siboni, Australia Mr. Tony Bartram, Australia Dr. Nathalie Simenel-Amar, Australia Ms. Tatsiana Barychka, UK Dr. Elizabeth Sinclair, Australia Mr. Tobias Baumgaertner, Australia Dr. Mark Skinner, Australia Mr. Bob Beale, Australia Dr. James Smith, Australia Mr. Andrew Beasley, Australia Dr. Robin Smith, US Ms. Shona Beesley, Australia Dr. Guri Sogn Andersen, Norway Ms. Jutta Beher, Australia Dr. Brigitte Sommer, Australia Ms. Louise Bennett, Australia Dr. Julia Spaet, Australia Mr. Blair Bentley, Australia Dr. Jonathan Stark, Australia Ms. Giglia Beretta, Australia Dr. Scott Stark, Australia Ms. Miriam Bernard, France Dr. Thomas Stemler, Australia Ms. Tina Berry, Australia Ms. Beth Beveridge, Australia Ms. Ashley Dungan, Australia Mr. Diego Bezerra, Australia Mr. Stuart Dunlop, South Africa Ms. Kathryn Bimson, US Mr. Jeff Dunn, Australia Ms. Jess Blakeway, Australia Mr. Nick Dunn, UK Ms. Pauline Bleach, Australia Ms. Hannah Etchells, Australia Mr. Carlos Bohorquez, Australia Mr. Jacob Eurich, Australia Mr. Carlos Alberto Bohorquez Rueda, Australia Ms. Emily Evans, Australia Mr. Nader Boutros, Australia Mr. Samuel Farmer, UK Ms. Diana Boykett, Australia Ms. Rosemarie Farthing, Australia Ms. Alana Boyles, Australia Ms. Kim Fegraeus, Sweden Ms. Thea Bradford, Australia Mr. Leonardo Feitosa, Brazil Ms. Felicity Bradshaw, Australia Ms. Natash Ferenczy, UK Mr. Mitchell Brennan, Australia Mr. Eric Ferguson, Australia Ms. Sara Brice, Australia Ms. Bianca Fernandez, Philippines Mr. Christopher Brunner, Australia Ms. Kia Ferrell, Australia Mr. Clay Bryce, Australia Ms. Kate Ferris, Australia Ms. Sarah Buckler, Australia Ms. Nicole Fetchet, Australia Ms. Sasha Burgoyne, UK Mr. Lachlan Fetterplace, Australia Mr. Michael Burrell, Australia Ms. Laurel Field, US Mr. Christopher Burton, Australia Ms. Neus Figueras, Spain Mr. Bill Butler, Australia Ms. Giselle Firme, Australia

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Ms. Katheine Lowe, Australia Mr. Naveen Kumar Rao, India Mr. Luke Lu, Australia Ms. Charishma Ratnam, Australia Mr. Charles Ludovico, Australia Ms. Alanna Rebelo, South Africa Ms. Samantha Lynch, Australia Ms. Claudette Rechtorik, Australia Mr. chancey macdonald, Australia Ms. Jodie Reed, South Africa Mr. Erik Mackie, UK Mr. Jose Rehbein, Australia Ms. Rachel Mackie, Australia Ms. Beatriz Reutter, Australia Ms. Assunta Macolino, Australia Ms. Samantha Reynolds, Australia Ms. Vera Magazzeni, Australia Mr. Akbar Reza, Australia Ms. Caitlin Magel, Australia Ms. Roberta L Rice, Australia Ms. Ariana Magini, Australia Ms. Vicki Richards, Australia Ms. Kate Maguire, Australia Ms. Laura Richardson, Australia Mr. Fred Maher, Australia Ms. Gail Riches, Australia Mr. John Major, Palau Ms. Ines Richter, Australia Mr. Clayton Manning, Canada Ms. Alice Risely, Australia Ms. Eimear Manning, Ireland Ms. Leslie Roberson, Australia Ms. Sarah Mapes, US Mr. Daniel Roberts, Canada Ms. Bonnie Mappin, Australia Mr. Thomas Roberts, Australia Mr. Peter Martin, Australia Ms. Nicole Robichaud, US Mr. Tyson Martin, Australia Ms. Madeline Robinson, Australia Ms. Belinda Martin, Australia Ms. Zoe Rogers, Australia Ms. Stephanie Martin, South Africa Ms. Susan Rogers, Australia Mr. Louis Masarei, Australia Ms. Cristina Romero, Australia Ms. Erin McCosker, Australia Mr. Matt Roscher, Australia Mr. Phillip McDowall, Australia Ms. Lauren Rosser, Australia Mr. Darren McFarlane, Australia Ms. Nicole Rosser, Australia Ms. Nicola McFarlane, Australia Ms. Indra Roux, Australia Mr. Mark McGrouther, Australia Ms. Jessica Rowland, Australia Mr. Sean McLean, Australia Mr. Olivier Royet, Australia Ms. Sophige McManus, Australia Ms. Laura Rubinat-Ripoll, France Mr. Sam McSweeney, Australia Ms. Joan Sadler, Australia Mr. Jamie McWilliam, Australia Mr. Marcus Salton, Australia Mr. Mike McWilliam, Australia Ms. Kelsey Sanborn, Australia Mr. William Meikle, Australia Ms. Jessica Schaefer, US Ms. Jessica Merrett, Australia Ms. Michelle Schaefer, Canada Ms. Sue Meyers, US Ms. Elizabeth Scheimer, US Ms. Jen Middleton, Australia Mr. Hayden Schilling, Australia Ms. Nina Schläpfer, Australia Ms. Cassandra Thompson, Australia Mr. Jacob Schneider, Australia Mr. Sarah Thoms, Australia Ms. Anna Schwarz, Netherlands Ms. Victoria Thomson, Australia Ms. Judy Scott, Australia Mr. David Tickler, Australia Ms. Molly Scott, Australia Mr. Joel Tink, Australia Ms. Marie Seraphim, UK Mr. Stephen Tobin, Australia Ms. Tanika Shalders, Australia Mr. Tony Tree, South Africa Mr. Greg Shanahan, Australia Mr. Damien Trinder, Australia Ms. Kate Shaw, Australia Mr. Josua Troesch, Australia

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Mr. Michael Shea, Australia Ms. Laura Trotta, Australia Ms. Hannah Sheppard-Brennand, Australia Ms. Leah Tucker, Australia Ms. Samantha Sherman, Australia Ms. Niamh Tuite, UK Ms. Nikita Shiel-Rolle, Bahamas Mr. Yuen Tung, Australia Mr. Janusz Sielicki, Poland Ms. Rebecca Tung, Australia Ms. Carrie Sims, Australia Mr. John Turnbull, Australia Mr. Michael Smirk, Australia Ms. Jem Turner, Australia Ms. Simone Smit, South Africa Mr. Trevor Tymensen, Australia Ms. Daisy Smith, Australia Mr. Hadayet Ullah, Australia Ms. Louise Smith, Australia Ms. Larissa Valerio, Australia Ms. Shannen Smith, Australia Ms. Hazel Vallack, UK Ms. Yanni Smith, Australia Mr. Cedric van den Berg, Australia Ms. Emma Sommerville, Australia Mr. James van den Broek, Australia Ms. Natasha Sorensen, Australia Ms. Katrien Van der Biest, Belgium Ms. Shirley Sorokin, Australia Mr. Sean van Elden, Australia Ms. Zoe Spooner, Australia Mr. Arnold van Rooijen, Australia Mr. Jeffrey Stanislaw, US Ms. Kylie Van Wijk, Australia Mr. Thomas Staveley, Sweden Mr. Vernon Veitch, Australia Ms. Chantel Steele, Australia Mr. Ruben Venegas, Australia Ms. Melissa Steenkamp, Canada Mr. Rory Verhagen, Netherlands Ms. Rosemary Steinberg, Australia Ms. Lisa Vitale, Australia Ms. Marielle Steinebach, UK Ms. Hong Vo, Australia Mr. Marcus Stenegren, Sweden Ms. Patricia von Baumgarten, Australia Mr. Alan Stenhouse, Australia Ms. Georgia Walden, Australia Mr. David Stevens, Australia Ms. Michelle Ward, Australia Mr. Brian Strehlow, Australia Mr. Charles Warren, Australia Mr. Robert Streit, Australia Ms. Rebecca Wellard, Australia Ms. Elzani Strydom, South Africa Ms. Emily White, UK Mr. Bruno Suárez de Tangil, Spain Ms. Abigail Whiteley, UK Ms. Grace Sutton, Australia Ms. Kirsty Wiggill, South Africa Mr. Daniel Swadling, Australia Mr. Sith Wijesinghe, Australia Ms. Helen Sykes, Fiji Mr. Daryl Wilber, US Ms. Miwa Takahashi, Australia Mr. Jackson Wilkes Walburn, Australia Mr. Christopher Tanti, Australia Mr. Guy Williams, Australia Mr. Michael Taylor, Australia Ms. Genevieve Williams, Australia Ms. Anna Taylor, UK Ms. Jennifer Wilmes, Australia Mr. Raymond Tham, Australia Mr. Troy Wilson, Australia Mr. Jim Thomas, Australia Ms. Kathryn Wiltshire, Australia Mr. Chris Thompson, Australia Mr. Andrew Witte, South Africa Ms. Billie Thompson, Australia Mr. Jan-Willem Wolters, Belgium Ms. Josephine Woods, Australia Mr. Salvador Zarco-Perello, Australia Ms. Rachael Woods, Australia Mr. Junxiao Zhang, China Mr. Shuang Yan, China Mr. Jing Zhang, US Ms. Patricia Yap, Philippines Ms. Jiana Zhang, Australia Ms. Jacqui Younger, Australia Ms. Shilu Zheng, Australia Ms. Maria Zann, Australia Ms. Johanna Zimmerhackel, Australia

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