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Safe Winter Safe Winter Driving Driving Be Prepared for Winter Be Prepared for Winter Weather Driving Weather Driving http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oOXkqrLwRFQ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oOXkqrLwRFQ

Safe Winter Driving Be Prepared for Winter Weather Driving

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Safe Winter Safe Winter DrivingDriving

Be Prepared for Winter Weather Be Prepared for Winter Weather DrivingDriving

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oOXkqrLwRFQhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oOXkqrLwRFQ

FactsFacts

25% of all driving accidents are the result of excessive 25% of all driving accidents are the result of excessive speedspeed

Statistics tell us that approximately 70% of winter deaths Statistics tell us that approximately 70% of winter deaths attributed to snow and ice involve motor vehicles attributed to snow and ice involve motor vehicles

Most people know someone who has died in a car accidentMost people know someone who has died in a car accident It takes 4 -10 times the amount of distance to stop on a It takes 4 -10 times the amount of distance to stop on a

road that is not dryroad that is not dry

Winter Weather Forecast Winter Weather Forecast TermsTerms

Winter Storm Warning – hazardous Winter Storm Warning – hazardous winter weather in the form of heavy winter weather in the form of heavy snow, heavy freezing rain or heavy snow, heavy freezing rain or heavy sleet that is imminent or occurring sleet that is imminent or occurring (issued 12 to 24 hours beforehand).(issued 12 to 24 hours beforehand).

Winter Storm Watch – possibility of a Winter Storm Watch – possibility of a blizzard, heavy snow, heavy freezing blizzard, heavy snow, heavy freezing rain or heavy sleet (issued 12 to 48 rain or heavy sleet (issued 12 to 48 hours before the beginning of a hours before the beginning of a Winter Storm).Winter Storm).http://videoclipsreview.com/page/Oregon+Drivers+in+the+Winterhttp://videoclipsreview.com/page/Oregon+Drivers+in+the+Winter

Winter Weather Forecast Winter Weather Forecast Terms (cont.)Terms (cont.)

Winter Storm Outlook – Issued 3 to 5 days Winter Storm Outlook – Issued 3 to 5 days before a winter storm when forecasters before a winter storm when forecasters believe winter storm conditions are possible.believe winter storm conditions are possible.

Blizzard Warning – issued for sustained or Blizzard Warning – issued for sustained or gusty winds of 35 mph or more, and falling gusty winds of 35 mph or more, and falling or blowing snow resulting in visibilities at or or blowing snow resulting in visibilities at or below ¼ mile. Conditions can last for at below ¼ mile. Conditions can last for at least 3 hours.least 3 hours.

Wind Chill Warning – wind chill Wind Chill Warning – wind chill temperatures are expected to be hazardous temperatures are expected to be hazardous to life within several minutes of exposure.to life within several minutes of exposure.

Winter Weather Forecast Winter Weather Forecast Terms (cont.)Terms (cont.)

Wind Chill Advisory – issued when wind chill Wind Chill Advisory – issued when wind chill temperatures are expected to be a significant temperatures are expected to be a significant inconvenience to life with prolonged inconvenience to life with prolonged exposure, and, if caution is not exercised, exposure, and, if caution is not exercised, could lead to life-threatening situations.could lead to life-threatening situations.

Winter Weather Advisories – accumulations of Winter Weather Advisories – accumulations of snow, freezing rain, freezing drizzle, and sleet snow, freezing rain, freezing drizzle, and sleet which will cause significant inconveniences which will cause significant inconveniences and , if caution is not exercised, could lead to and , if caution is not exercised, could lead to life-threatening situations.life-threatening situations.

Winter Weather Forecast Winter Weather Forecast Terms (cont.)Terms (cont.)

Dense Fog Advisory – fog will reduce visibility Dense Fog Advisory – fog will reduce visibility to ¼ mile or less over a widespread area.to ¼ mile or less over a widespread area.

Snow Flurries – light snow falling for short Snow Flurries – light snow falling for short durations with no accumulation or light durations with no accumulation or light dusting to be expected.dusting to be expected.

Snow Showers – Snow falling at varying Snow Showers – Snow falling at varying intensities for brief periods of time with some intensities for brief periods of time with some accumulation.accumulation.

Blowing Snow – wind-driven snow that Blowing Snow – wind-driven snow that reduces visibility and causes significant reduces visibility and causes significant drifting (could be falling snow or loose snow drifting (could be falling snow or loose snow that is being blown around).that is being blown around).

Winter Weather Forecast Winter Weather Forecast Terms (cont.)Terms (cont.)

Sleet – raindrops that freeze into ice pellets Sleet – raindrops that freeze into ice pellets before reaching the ground which can before reaching the ground which can accumulate or will bounce when hitting a accumulate or will bounce when hitting a surface and not stick to objects.surface and not stick to objects.

Freezing Rain – rain that falls onto a surface Freezing Rain – rain that falls onto a surface with a temperature below freezing which with a temperature below freezing which causes it to freeze to surfaces such as trees, causes it to freeze to surfaces such as trees, roadways, etc.roadways, etc.

Winterize Your CarWinterize Your Car Mechanical systemMechanical system

Battery, belts, hoses, Battery, belts, hoses, radiator, coolant/anti-radiator, coolant/anti-freeze, oil, lights, freeze, oil, lights, brakes, exhaust system, brakes, exhaust system, heater/defroster, wipers heater/defroster, wipers and ignition systemand ignition system

BatteryBattery FluidsFluids Ignition systemIgnition system LightsLights Brakes Brakes

TiresTires Exhaust systemExhaust system Heating and cooling Heating and cooling

systemsystem Windshield wipers Windshield wipers

and washerand washer

Carry a Vehicle Carry a Vehicle Emergency KitEmergency Kit

Basic vehicle Basic vehicle emergency kitemergency kit Jumper cablesJumper cables Reflective trianglesReflective triangles Flares and waterproof Flares and waterproof

matchesmatches BlanketBlanket Nonperishable, high Nonperishable, high

calorie food such as calorie food such as nuts and raisinsnuts and raisins

Flashlight and extra Flashlight and extra batteriesbatteries

First aid kitFirst aid kit Fire extinguisherFire extinguisher

Winter month Winter month additionsadditions ShovelShovel Ice scraperIce scraper SnowbrushSnowbrush Freeze-resistant Freeze-resistant

windshield wiper fluidwindshield wiper fluid Extra winter clothingExtra winter clothing Traction aids such as Traction aids such as

sand or kitty littersand or kitty litter

Winter Driving PracticesWinter Driving Practices Wear seat beltWear seat belt Slow down!Slow down! Increase distances between you Increase distances between you

and other carsand other cars Stop every three hoursStop every three hours Rotate drivers if possibleRotate drivers if possible Consider refueling when the Consider refueling when the

tank gets below the ½ marktank gets below the ½ mark Avoid braking or accelerating Avoid braking or accelerating

quicklyquickly Leave room for maintenance Leave room for maintenance

vehicles and plows - stay at vehicles and plows - stay at least 15 car lengths (200 feet) least 15 car lengths (200 feet) back and don't pass on the right back and don't pass on the right

http://www.ketv.com/video/14666816/index.htmlhttp://www.ketv.com/video/14666816/index.html

Plan Your TripPlan Your Trip Be sure of your routeBe sure of your route Stay on main roadsStay on main roads Avoid back-road Avoid back-road

shortcutsshortcuts Travel during daylight if Travel during daylight if

possiblepossible Carry a road atlas/GPS Carry a road atlas/GPS

incase you have to incase you have to change your routechange your route

Check with local DOT or Check with local DOT or listen to the radio for listen to the radio for road conditions and road conditions and weather updatesweather updates

Snow RemovalSnow Removal

Remove all snow Remove all snow from vehicle – from vehicle – Including Roof!!Including Roof!!

Remove snow from Remove snow from lights – front and lights – front and rearrear

Keep wheel wells Keep wheel wells clearclear

Braking…Braking…

To make an To make an emergencyemergency

stop on slippery stop on slippery roads…..roads…..

Regular brakesRegular brakes PumpPump

Antilock brakes Antilock brakes (ABS)(ABS) Press down on Press down on

brakes and holdbrakes and hold

In Case of AccidentIn Case of Accident Stop at onceStop at once Turn on hazard lights or Turn on hazard lights or

use flaresuse flares Take steps to prevent Take steps to prevent

further accidentsfurther accidents Determine your location Determine your location

for records and 9-1-1 callsfor records and 9-1-1 calls Call 9-1-1 and give the Call 9-1-1 and give the

following information:following information: LocationLocation Number of vehicles and Number of vehicles and

people involvedpeople involved Describe injuriesDescribe injuries

http://www.koco.com/video/14539572/index.htmlhttp://www.koco.com/video/14539572/index.html

In Case of an Accident In Case of an Accident (cont.)(cont.)

Do NOT leave the sceneDo NOT leave the scene If someone needs help instantly tell the 9-If someone needs help instantly tell the 9-

1-1 operator for advice1-1 operator for advice If there are no injuries you should still call If there are no injuries you should still call

the police and report the accidentthe police and report the accident In some areas police will not respond to a non-In some areas police will not respond to a non-

injury accident so exchange information with injury accident so exchange information with the other driverthe other driver

Have your license, insurance and Have your license, insurance and registration ready if possibleregistration ready if possible

Accident DocumentationAccident Documentation You do not need to wait for law enforcement You do not need to wait for law enforcement

to arrive to begin documentationto arrive to begin documentation Take pictures of the accident Take pictures of the accident

(cars/area/signs)(cars/area/signs) If no other drivers were involved get the If no other drivers were involved get the

following:following: DateDate Time Time CityCity Nearest intersectionNearest intersection Traffic conditionsTraffic conditions Weather conditionsWeather conditions Road conditions (icy, pot holes)Road conditions (icy, pot holes)

Accident Documentation Accident Documentation (cont.)(cont.)

Information you Information you should get from the should get from the other person:other person: NameName AddressAddress Phone Phone E-mailE-mail Car make and modelCar make and model Color of the other Color of the other

vehiclevehicle License plateLicense plate Registration number Registration number

(VIN)(VIN)

Vehicle damage (get Vehicle damage (get pictures)pictures)

Their insurance Their insurance company namecompany name

Policy numberPolicy number Name on policyName on policy Agent’s nameAgent’s name Quick description of Quick description of

driver (physical driver (physical appearance/attitude)appearance/attitude)

Accident Documentation Accident Documentation (cont.)(cont.)

Information you should get Information you should get for yourself:for yourself: Photos of your vehicle Photos of your vehicle

damagedamage Name, address, phone/e-Name, address, phone/e-

mail of your passengersmail of your passengers List of injuriesList of injuries Witness contact Witness contact

information – name, information – name, phone/e-mail for 2 to 4 phone/e-mail for 2 to 4 witnessses if possiblewitnessses if possible

Draw diagram of Draw diagram of accidentaccident

Streets, signs, obstaclesStreets, signs, obstacles All directions of trafficAll directions of traffic Where vehicle Where vehicle

occupants were seated occupants were seated (for both cars)(for both cars)

LandmarksLandmarks If police or other If police or other

emergency responders emergency responders have arrived get:have arrived get:

Police officer Police officer name/badge numbername/badge number

Paramedic name/badge Paramedic name/badge numbernumber

After an Accident…After an Accident… Call your insurance agent Call your insurance agent

and have the following ready:and have the following ready: Car insurance policy numberCar insurance policy number Police report/case numberPolice report/case number Your notes from the accidentYour notes from the accident Address and phone number Address and phone number

of where your car is located of where your car is located Read you insurance policyRead you insurance policy Document and keep all Document and keep all

conversations in a folderconversations in a folder Date and time of phone callDate and time of phone call Who you spoke withWho you spoke with List of items discussedList of items discussed Next steps to be taken, Next steps to be taken,

deadlines for completion and deadlines for completion and who is responsiblewho is responsible

Your claim numberYour claim number

Ask your agent how to Ask your agent how to proceed and what forms or proceed and what forms or documents will be neededdocuments will be needed

Ask when someone will Ask when someone will arrive to assess damage and arrive to assess damage and get:get: Date Date TimeTime Name of insurance Name of insurance

representativerepresentative Contact number and e-mailContact number and e-mail

Give all requested Give all requested information to your insurance information to your insurance companycompany Keep copies of items you give Keep copies of items you give

to your insurance companyto your insurance company Keep records of expenses Keep records of expenses

incurred as a result of the incurred as a result of the accident (you could be accident (you could be reimbursed)reimbursed)

IF You Are StrandedIF You Are Stranded Attract attention with Attract attention with

hazard lightshazard lights Do not walk out in a Do not walk out in a

blizzardblizzard Turn on your dome light Turn on your dome light

at night but only while at night but only while engine is runningengine is running

Tie a bright or red cloth Tie a bright or red cloth on the antenna on the antenna

Set out warning light or Set out warning light or flaresflares

Wear a hat because Wear a hat because 60% of your body heat 60% of your body heat is lost through your is lost through your headhead

Keep watch for traffic or Keep watch for traffic or searcherssearchers

Keep fresh air in your Keep fresh air in your vehiclevehicle

Run motor and heater Run motor and heater sparingly and with the sparingly and with the down-wind window open down-wind window open for ventilation – make for ventilation – make sure snow has not sure snow has not blocked the exhaust pipeblocked the exhaust pipe

Start the car and use the Start the car and use the heater for 10 minutes heater for 10 minutes every hourevery hour

Use blankets and Use blankets and clothes for coveringclothes for covering

Black IceBlack Ice Dangerous wintertime hazard because the icy road may not Dangerous wintertime hazard because the icy road may not

always be visible to the driver always be visible to the driver Where will you most likely find black iceWhere will you most likely find black ice

Bridges, overpasses, tunnelsBridges, overpasses, tunnels Shaded areasShaded areas

Black ice can occur if temperatures are near the freezing Black ice can occur if temperatures are near the freezing mark--or even a few degrees above it mark--or even a few degrees above it

Watch for pavement that is slightly darker and duller looking Watch for pavement that is slightly darker and duller looking than the rest of the road surface - this may indicate that than the rest of the road surface - this may indicate that black ice is present black ice is present

Black Ice (cont.)Black Ice (cont.) What should you do if you hit black ice?What should you do if you hit black ice?

When your car begins to slide on black ice, take When your car begins to slide on black ice, take your foot off the gas pedal your foot off the gas pedal

Tap the brake pedal lightly instead of pushing Tap the brake pedal lightly instead of pushing down down

If you think black ice is ahead (if cars ahead are If you think black ice is ahead (if cars ahead are sliding), downshift to a lower gear before you sliding), downshift to a lower gear before you come onto the black ice – this will force you to come onto the black ice – this will force you to drive more slowly and it will give you better drive more slowly and it will give you better control of your carcontrol of your car

If your car begins to skid on the ice, turn the If your car begins to skid on the ice, turn the wheel in the direction of the skid wheel in the direction of the skid

While 4-wheel drive vehicles are great for driving While 4-wheel drive vehicles are great for driving in heavy snow, you're on your own when it comes in heavy snow, you're on your own when it comes to driving on black ice to driving on black ice

Quiz – Question 1Quiz – Question 1

Should you over inflate or under Should you over inflate or under inflate your tires during cold winter inflate your tires during cold winter months?months?

A)A) Over inflate, because tire pressure is Over inflate, because tire pressure is lower in cold temperatures and you lower in cold temperatures and you need more air.need more air.

B)B) Under inflate, because you need the Under inflate, because you need the added traction that comes from having added traction that comes from having more tire tread on the road.more tire tread on the road.

C)C) Neither.Neither.

Answer – Question 1Answer – Question 1

CC Neither. Tires should always be Neither. Tires should always be

maintained at the level maintained at the level recommended by the manufacturer. recommended by the manufacturer. Under inflation and over inflation Under inflation and over inflation can increase the incidence of tire can increase the incidence of tire failure and skidding. Always check failure and skidding. Always check them cold – before you driving.them cold – before you driving.

Quiz – Question 2Quiz – Question 2

If your car is equipped with anti-lock If your car is equipped with anti-lock brakes and you are braking on snow brakes and you are braking on snow or ice, should you?or ice, should you?

A)A) Pump the brakes repeatedly because it Pump the brakes repeatedly because it will keep you from going into a skid.will keep you from going into a skid.

B)B) Pump the brakes repeatedly because Pump the brakes repeatedly because that is how you engage the anti-lock that is how you engage the anti-lock feature.feature.

C)C) Apply firm and continuous pressure to Apply firm and continuous pressure to the brakes.the brakes.

Answer – Question 2Answer – Question 2

CC If you have anti-lock brakes, apply If you have anti-lock brakes, apply

firm and continuous pressure. Anti-firm and continuous pressure. Anti-lock brakes automatically pump the lock brakes automatically pump the brake many times a second so any brake many times a second so any pumping you do will only impair pumping you do will only impair their effectiveness.their effectiveness.

Quiz – Question 3Quiz – Question 3

When sliding into a skid, it is best When sliding into a skid, it is best to…?to…?

A)A) Turn the steering wheel in the Turn the steering wheel in the direction of the skid.direction of the skid.

B)B) Turn the steering wheel in the Turn the steering wheel in the opposite direction of the skid.opposite direction of the skid.

C)C) Turn the steering wheel straight Turn the steering wheel straight ahead.ahead.

Answer – Question 3Answer – Question 3

AA Turn in the direction of the skid. It Turn in the direction of the skid. It

may seem a little scary but this is may seem a little scary but this is the best way to regain control and the best way to regain control and traction of your vehicle. Turning in traction of your vehicle. Turning in any other direction will reduce any other direction will reduce traction.traction.

Quiz – Question 4Quiz – Question 4

When approaching a snowy or icy When approaching a snowy or icy hill, should you…?hill, should you…?

A)A) Accelerate to reach the top as quickly Accelerate to reach the top as quickly as possible.as possible.

B)B) Come to a complete stop and then Come to a complete stop and then begin the assent.begin the assent.

C)C) Slow up before reaching the hill and Slow up before reaching the hill and make the assent slowly and steadily.make the assent slowly and steadily.

Answer – Question 4Answer – Question 4

CC You’ll have the best chance of safely You’ll have the best chance of safely

making it up a hill by approaching it making it up a hill by approaching it at a slow speed and maintaining that at a slow speed and maintaining that slow speed at a steady rate.slow speed at a steady rate.

Quiz – Question 5Quiz – Question 5

When heading down a snowy or icy When heading down a snowy or icy hill, should you…?hill, should you…?

A)A) Come to a complete stop and then Come to a complete stop and then make your descent.make your descent.

B)B) Shift into a lower gear and make a Shift into a lower gear and make a slow descent.slow descent.

C)C) Make your descent using your brakes Make your descent using your brakes to slow you down.to slow you down.

Answer – Question 5Answer – Question 5

BB Shifting into a lower gear before Shifting into a lower gear before

making your descent and making your descent and maintaining a slow steady speed, maintaining a slow steady speed, rather than using your brakes, will rather than using your brakes, will improve traction.improve traction.

Questions?Questions?