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Safe Handling of Water

Treatment Chemicals

Presented by Geza Ehrentreu

Viking Chemical Company

Topics

� Products

� Physical Properties

� Safety Issues

� Personal Protective Equipment

� MSDS Review

� Spill Response

� Documentation

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Liquid Chlorine

� Approximately 14 million tons produced

each year.

� 38% Other chemical manufacturing

� 37% Plastics manufacturing

� 14% Solvent manufacturing

� 6% Bleaching of Pulp and Paper

� 5% Treatment of Water and Wastewater

Properties

� Chemical Formula Cl2

� Chlorine % 99.5%

� Boiling Point, F –29.39 F

� Freezing Point, F –150.00 F

� Specific Gravity(Gas) 2.49 at 32 F

� Vapor Pressure, PSIG 72 at 60 F

� Odor: Sharp, Pungent, Suffocating

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Properties

� Appearance: Amber, colored liquid,

vaporizes to a greenish yellow gas

� 2.5 times heavier than air

� 1 Volume of liquid yields 460 volumes of

gas

� Chlorine and Water form weak acids that

are corrosive to metal

Properties

� Oxidizer

� Poisonous Gas

� Non Flammable

� Non Explosive

� Will support combustion

� Irritant to eyes, skin, and respiratory system

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Packaging Specifications

150 pound cylinder

� Capacity: 150 lbs.

� Tare Weight 90 lbs.

� Outer Diameter: 10 ¼ in

� Height: 56 in

� Wall Thickness: 0.15 in

� Spec. 3A480 or 3AA480

� Hydrostatically tested every 5 years

Packaging Specifications

2000 pound container� Capacity: 2000 lbs.

� Tare Weight 1640 lbs.

� Outer Diameter: 30 in

� Height: 79 ¾ in

� Wall Thickness: 0.41 in

� Chime: 0.68 in

� Spec. 106A500

� Hydrostatically tested every 5 years

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Withdrawl Rates

� Rate will vary based on temperature and

pressure

� At 70 F and working against 35 PSIG

� Gas: Cylinder 42 lbs per day

� Container 336 lbs per day

� Liquid: Container 400 lbs per day

Leak Detection

� Valves

� Fusible Plugs

� Body

� Chime/Footing

� Aqua Ammonia for testing

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Exposure

� Ingestion-Swallowing chemical

� Absorption-Skin saturation

� Vision-Eye exposure

� Inhalation-Breathing in chemical

Exposure

� Odor Threshold: .5 ppm

� Permissible exposure limit: 1 ppm

� 5-15ppm: Moderate irritation-respiratory

� 30 ppm:Chest pain,vomiting, coughing

� 40-60 ppm: Toxic pneumonitis, pulmonary

edema

� 430 ppm: lethal in 30 minutes

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PPE

� Gloves

� Goggles

� Clothing

� Respirators: Escape

� Working

� Release

� Respirators must be NIOSH approved

Leak Response

� Contact local agency

� Contact IEMA

� Contact EPA (RQ 10 lb)

� Contact supplier

� Chemtrec 800 424-9300

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Sodium Hypochlorite

� Widely used as a disinfectant in:

� Water

� Wastewater

� Pools

� Industry

� Trade name, Bleach is typically between

5.5-15% available chlorine

Properties

� Chemical Name: NAoCl

� Sodium Hypochlorite: 5.5-15%

� Boiling Point: 212 F for 6.0% and 12.5% by

weight

� Freezing Point: 18.5F for 6.0% and –11 F

for 12.5% by weight

� Specific Gravity: 1.1964 for 12.5%

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Properties

� PH: 12.5-13.5

� Appearance: Bright,light yellow liquid

� Odor: Chlorine odor

� Completely soluble in water

� Reacts with acids, will release chlorine gas

from solution

� Decomposes with heat and light

Factors affecting stability

� Concentration of solution

� Temperature of solution

� Exposure to light sources

� PH of solution

� Contact with metals

� Contact with organic impurities

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Exposure

� Ingestion-Swallowing chemical

� Absorption- Skin saturation

� Vision-Eye exposure

� Inhalation-Breathing in chemical

Exposure Concerns

� Exposure to skin and eyes can cause

irritation and burns

� Treat with large quantities of water, safety

shower and eye wash station

� Vapors can cause respiratory irritation

� Treat with fresh air and oxygen if necessary

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PPE

� Gloves: Chemically resistant

� Clothing: Chemically resistant

� Goggles and a face shield

� Respirators: Work- half face or full face

cartridge type

Response- SCBA for gas

release

Respirators must be NIOSH approved

Spills

� RQ: 100 lbs

� Contain spill

� Dilute spill with lots of water

� Neutralize spill with Sodium Thiosulfate,

Sodium Bisulfite, etc. Be careful of heat

generation and splashing

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Leak Response

� Contact local agency, as needed

� Contact IEMA

� Contact EPA (RQ 100 lbs)

� Contact supplier

� Chemtrec 800 424-9300

Calcium Hypochlorite

� Widely used disinfectant in:

� Water

� Wastewater

� Pools

� Industry

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Properties

� Calcium Hypochlorite 65%

� Inerts 35%

� Boiling Point: Decomposes at 180 C

� Freezing Point: N/A

� Specific Gravity: N/A

� PH: Alkaline

� Color: White

Properties

� Odor: Slight chlorine

� Oxidizer

� RQ 10 lbs

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Exposure

� Ingestion- Swallowing chemical

� Absorption-Skin saturation

� Vision-Eye exposure

� Inhalation-Breathing in chemical

Exposure Concerns

� Exposure to skin and eyes can cause

irritation and burns

� Treat with large quantities of water, safety

shower and eye wash station

� Vapors can cause respiratory irritation

� Treat with fresh air and oxygen if necessary

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Spills

� Sweep material and dispose in accordance

to local regulations

� If material becomes wet, it can be

neutralized by adding 1 pint of Hydrogen

Peroxide 35% to 1 pound of calcium

hypochlorite and dilute further with water

and it may be possible to flush into the

sewer

Hydrofluosilicic Acid

� By Product of SuperPhosphate fertilizer

industry

� Water Fluoridation

� Hardeners for concrete

� Aluminum manufacturing

� Electroplating

� Glass etching,etc.

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Properties

� Chemical Formula: H2SIF6

� Boiling Point: 222 F

� Freezing Point: 4 F

� Specific Gravity: 1.234 @ 25%

� PH: 1.2

� Bulk Density: 10.29 lbs/gal @ 25%

� Solubility in water: Complete

Properties

� Appearance: Water white to straw color

� Odor: Pungent odor

� Not flammable

� When heated above 222 F, toxic and

corrosive fumes are emitted.

� Avoid metal, glass, stoneware, alkali and

strong concentrated acids

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Exposure

� Ingestion-Swallowing chemical

� Absorption-Skin saturation

� Vision-Eye exposure

� Inhalation-Breathing in chemical

PPE

� Gloves: Chemically resistant

� Clothing: Chemically resistant

� Goggles and a face shield

� Respirators: Work-half face or full face

� cartridge type

� Response- SCBA for gas

� release

� Respirators must be NIOSH approved

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Spills

� Contain spill

� Dilute spill with water

� Neutralize spill with lime or soda ash

� Be careful of hydrogen fumes from metals

� Dispose of material according to local code

Lime

� Widely used in water and wastewater

� Lime softening

� PH adjustment

� Sludge thickening

� Fertilizer applications

� Etc.

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Properties

� Typical Analysis

� Calcium Oxide CaO >68.70%

� Magnesium Oxide MgO <1.50%

� Calcium Hydroxide Ca(OH)2 >90.50%

� Calcium Carbonate CaCO3 <.50%

� Sulfur S <.07%

� Average Bulk Density 25 lbs/ft3

PPE

� Gloves

� Gogles

� Protective clothing

� Respirator for dust handling

� Respirator must be NIOSH approved

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Spills

� Sweep material and dispose in accordance

with local regulations

� When exposed to water it promotes an

alkaline product, corrosive to aluminum

� Dry byproduct may be used as a fertilizer

Sulfuric Acid

� Metal Treatment

� PH adjustment in water

� Petroleum Refining

� Manufacture of Dye Stuffs

� Fertilizer Manufacturing

� Oxidizer and dehydration agent

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Properties

� Chemical Name: H2SO2

� Freezing Point: -20 F 93% 40 F 99%

� Specific Gravity: 1.8354 93%

� 1.8424 99%

� Appearance: Clear, colorless to cloudy, oily

liquid

� Odor: Odorless

Properties

� Readily mixes with water, does not separate

� Stable at ambient temperature and pressure

� Acid should be added to water

� Reacts exothermically, generates excessive heat with water

� Contact with metal surfaces can generate flammable and explosive hydrogen gases

� Fire risk on contact with organic materials and chemicals such as nitrates, carbines, and chlorates

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PPE

� Gloves: Chemically resistant

� Clothing: Chemically resistant

� Boots: Chemically resistant

� Goggles and face shield

� Respirators: Work-half face or full face

� cartridge type

� Response-SCBA for gas

� release

Spills

� Dike with inert materials

� Ventilate area

� Remove all ignition sources

� Neutralize with Soda Ash, Lime, or Sodium

Bicarbonate

� Do not spray water on large spills

� Dispose of material accord to local code

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Contact Data

� Viking Chemical Company

� 1827 18th Avenue

� Rockford, IL 61110

� 815 397-0500 phone

� 815 397-8865 fax

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