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Page 1 of 54
SADC Selected Economic and Social Indicators 2019
September 2020
Page 2 of 54
SADC Selected Economic and Social Indicators Southern African Development Community (SADC) Secretariat Plot 54385 CBD Square Private/Bag 0095 Gaborone, Botswana Tel: +267 395 1863 Email: [email protected] Website: www.sadc.int ©SADC 2020 Information in this report may be reproduced, used, and shared, but with full acknowledgement. About SADC
The Southern African Development Community is an organisation founded and maintained by countries in Southern Africa that aims to further socio-economic, political, and security cooperation among its Member States and foster regional integration, in order to achieve peace, stability, and wealth. The Member States are: Angola, Botswana, Union of the Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eswatini, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, South Africa, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.
Page 3 of 54
Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................... 4
2. GDP AND MANUFACTURING .............................................................................................................. 4
3. TRADE ....................................................................................................................................................... 5
4. YOUTH ...................................................................................................................................................... 5
5. WOMEN`S EMPOWERMENT ................................................................................................................. 5
6. STATISTIC TABLES ................................................................................................................................ 6
6.1 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC ............................................................................................................ 6
6.2 REAL SECTOR ............................................................................................................................ 9
6.3 EXTERNAL TRADE ..................................................................................................................18
6.4 FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT ..........................................................................................30
6.5 ENERGY .....................................................................................................................................31
6.6 ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................................................................32
6.7 INFRASTRUCTURE-ROAD ......................................................................................................33
6.8 ICT ...............................................................................................................................................34
6.9 WATER .......................................................................................................................................36
6.10 GENDER .....................................................................................................................................37
6.11 EDUCATION ..............................................................................................................................38
6.12 HEALTH .....................................................................................................................................39
6.13 LABOUR .....................................................................................................................................40
6.14 POVERTY ...................................................................................................................................42
6.15 YOUTH .......................................................................................................................................44
6.16 WOMEN EMPOWERMENT ......................................................................................................48
Page 4 of 54
1. INTRODUCTION
This report is an attempt to provide data series and a brief
trend analysis of the major economic, social and sectoral
characteristics of SADC region for the Year 2019 based
on GDP, Trade, demography and Sectoral indicators for
the period 2009 to 2019. Data was primarily submitted
and updated by National Statistical Offices (NSOs) of
SADC Member States. Data gaps were pooled from other
sources including African Statistical Yearbook 2019,
UNIDO, UNCTAD, UNESCO, ILO, World Bank
statistics database and in some cases, SADC estimates
were used. GDP and GDP growth rates data were
approved and recommended to Council during the 27th
SADC Statistics Committee Virtual Meeting session, 12
June 2020. The core list of selected indicators for the
region is presented in the attached tables 1 to 48 and
corresponds to data submission as at end of August 2020
and the following sections present an analysis of trends of
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Trade indicators.
2. GDP AND MANUFACTURING
SADC region registered an estimated average growth rate
of 1.4% in 2019 compared to 1.9% in 2018 as illustrated
in Figure 1. The Manufacturing sector average growth
rate stood at 1.5% in 2019 against 2.0% in 2018.
At country-specific level (Table 5), Tanzania registered
overall economic growth rate of 7.0% followed by
Malawi (5.2%) whilst Angola, Lesotho and Namibia
registered negative growth. Seychelles, DRC and
Madagascar have positive growth rate above the average
for the third consecutive year. With regards to the
Manufacturing sector, Zimbabwe recorded significant
growth rate of 10.6% whereas South Africa and Lesotho
manufacturing sector declined by 0.8%. and 3.1%
respectively.
The share of manufacturing sector to overall GDP for SADC
region in 2019 is estimated at 10.7%.
Figure 3 shows trend of nominal GDP per capita of SADC
region for the period 2009-2019.
GDP per capita stood at $1927 in 2019 compared to $2058
in 2018. At country level, Table 6 below shows Seychelles
has the highest GDP per capita (US$ 17 406 against 16 348
in 2018). Mauritius stood at the second position with GDP
per capita of US$ 11 067. Malawi has the lowest at US$
430 in 2019.
0
5
10
15
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Gro
wth
rate
(%
)
Year
Figure 2: Share of Manufaturing GDP (% ) for SADC region,
1815
2190
2454 24272340
2287
1998
1831
2065 2058
1927
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
14
20
15
20
16
20
17
20
18
20
19
Va
lue
(U
S $
)
Figure 3: GDP Per Capita (US $) for SADC region
Page 5 of 54
3. TRADE
Trade liberalization is one of the core elements of regional
economic integration within the SADC region. In 2019,
intra-SADC Exports of Goods stood at about $ 34.8
billion whilst intra-SADC Imports stood at $ 32.6 billion.
Figure 4 illustrates trend in intra SADC exports and
imports for the period 2009 – 2019.
Intra-SADC Exports as a percentage of Total Exports of
Goods is almost at the same level in the last 5 years and
is at 20.1% in 2019. Intra-SADC Imports as a percentage
of Total Imports registered its highest score in 2016
(20.3%). It decreased gradually and stood at 17.1% in
2019.
4. YOUTH
Tables 38 to 40 provide updates on youth (15-24 years
old) unemployment, and youth literacy in SADC region.
Mauritius, Seychelles, South Africa and Eswatini,
Namibia have higher youth literacy rate. South Africa,
Eswatini, Mozambique and Namibia have very high level
of youth unemployment of 57.4%, 54.8%, 42.7% and
45.5% respectively. Youth unemployment is less than
10% in DRC, Madagascar.
5. WOMEN`S EMPOWERMENT
The empowerment and autonomy of women and the
improvement of their political, social, economic and
health status is a highly important end in itself. In
addition, it is essential for the achievement of sustainable
development. Women’s empowerment contains a
selection of 13 woman-specific empowerment indicators
(Tables 41 -48) that allows empowerment to be compared
across indicators and countries. Indicators represent three
distinct empowerment dimensions – reproductive health
and family planning; violence against girls and women;
and socioeconomic empowerment.
We note that data pertaining to women empowerment are
not available on a yearly basis. On reproductive health
and family planning as at 2017, most women in the region
have been at least treated by a skilled health personnel
during their pregnancy. The antenatal care for most
SADC Member States averages 90% (table 42). The same
pattern follows for women percentage of deliveries
attended by skilled health personnel trained in providing
lifesaving obstetric care (table 43) with the exception of
Angola having a low proportion of 46.9%. The region has
experienced an improvement of maternal mortality ratio
(MMR) since 2010 to 2017 as they have been decreasing
over the period for most of Member States (Table 44). As
far as contraceptive prevalence for women of
reproductive age, 15 – 49 years is concerned, it varies
across countries.
With regards to adolescent birth rate (15-19 years old),
the following countries have higher adolescent birth rate,
namely, Angola, DRC, Madagascar, Malawi,
Mozambique, Tanzania and Zambia.
The second dimension to measure women empowerment
in society is violence against them. Table 50 illustrates
some profiles of SADC Member States in this area as
period average from 2005 – 2018. Based on available
data, child marriage phenomenon is highly prevalent in
the region as the proportion is nearly 50.0% in
Mozambique while others such as Eswatini, South Africa
and Namibia have rate of less than 7.5%. Violence against
women with intimate partner is also very high up to
50.7% in DRC.
On enrollment in science and technical subject matter at
tertiary level, the region has very low proportion of
female participation, the highest being Zimbabwe in the
order of 20.9%. Women`s representation in senior and
middle management position also is not in parity to male
as depicted in Table 48. Regarding financial inclusion and
access to finance, there are contrasting results in the
region as some Member States have high rate of access
(Mauritius and Seychelles) while rest does not attain
50%. Finally, on mandatory maternity paid leave, all
SADC Member States pay women 90 days in average
with the exception of Eswatini that pays only 14 days.
The highest number of paid maternity leave days is South
Africa.
10
12,5
15
17,5
20
22,5
25
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Perc
ent
(%)
Year
Figure 5: Share of Intra-SADC Imports and Exports of Goods as a % of Total
Imports and Exports
Imports Exports
Page 6 of 54
6. STATISTIC TABLES
6.1 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC
Table 1: Population in SADC-Midyear ("000), 2009- 2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 22 099 22 802 23 533 24 292 25 080 25 901 26 681 27 503 28 359 29 250 30 175
Botswana 1 951 1 988 2 025 2 063 2 101 2 156 2 195 2 230 2 155 2 303 2 339
Comoros 669 687 705 724 744 764 785 806 828 851 851
DRC 70 391 72 884 75 259 77 817 80 462 83 197 85 026 86 895 88 806 91 724 97 356
Eswatini 1 044 1 055 1 067 1 080 1 093 1 106 1 119 1 132 1 093 1 120 1 134
Lesotho 1 887 1 892 1 897 1 901 1 908 1 916 1 924 1 942 1 953 2 183 2 125
Madagascar 19 601 20 142 20 696 21 263 21 842 22 434 23 040 23 658 24 290 25 680 26 969
Malawi 13 520 13 948 14 389 14 845 15 317 15 805 16 311 16 833 17 373 17 564 18 629
Mauritius 1 247 1 250 1 252 1 256 1 259 1 261 1 263 1 263 1 265 1 265 1 266
Mozambique 21 803 22 417 23 050 23 701 24 366 25 042 25 728 26 424 27 864 28 586 29 318
Namibia 2 103 2 143 2 116 2 155 2 196 2 238 2 281 2 459 2 369 2 414 2 459
Seychelles 87 88 87 87 89 91 93 95 96 97 98
South Africa 50 545 51 329 52 129 52 930 53 751 54 574 55 407 56 253 57 098 57 939 58 775
Tanzania 41 916 43 187 44 485 44 929 46 356 47 831 49 359 50 942 52 555 54 199 55 891
Zambia 12 626 13 093 13 719 14 145 14 600 15 023 15 474 15 934 16 405 16 887 17 381
Zimbabwe 12 231 12 336 12 754 13 062 13 368 13 652 13 944 14 240 14 745 15 273 15 573
SADC Total 273 720 281 241 289 163 296 251 304 532 312 992 320 630 328 608 337 254 347 334 360 339
Page 7 of 54
Table 2: Life expectancy at birth, Number of years, 2009- 2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 48.2 48.4 48.6 48.7 48.9 60.9 61.2 61.5 61.7 62.0 62.2
Botswana 53.2 53.3 68.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 68.2 66.2 68.0 68.0
Comoros 66.5 66.8 67.1 67.4 67.6 67.9 68.1 68.3 68.5 68.7 64.3
DRC 47.8 48.1 48.4 48.7 56.0 56.0 59.1 59.1 59.1 60.0 60.7
Eswatini 45.1 45.1 45.2 45.3 45.5 45.6 45.7 45.8 62.2 62.4 62.6
Lesotho 46.9 47.6 42.5 43.1 43.6 44.0 45.0 45.5 45.7 46.3 54.3
Madagascar 66.2 66.5 66.7 66.9 64.7 65.2 65.5 65.9 66.3 66.0 67.0
Malawi 51.7 52.5 53.4 54.3 55.1 56.0 56.8 62.7 63.3 58.6 64.3
Mauritius 73.3 73.7 73.9 74.1 74.2 74.4 74.4 74.6 74.5 74.3 75.0
Mozambique 51.7 52.1 52.4 52.8 53.1 53.5 53.8 54.1 53.7 55.0 60.9
Namibia 61.7 62.2 56.9 56.9 56.9 56.9 57.5 62.6 63.0 60.2 63.7
Seychelles 72.9 73.2 72.6 74.2 73.1 73.2 74.2 74.3 74.3 72.7 73.9
South Africa 58.1 59.4 60.7 61.1 62.1 62.5 63.1 63.8 64.1 64.4 64.7
Tanzania 54.0 55.0 55.0 61.0 62.2 62.8 63.3 63.9 64.4 65.0 65.5
Zambia 51.2 51.2 52.6 52.8 53.0 53.2 53.3 53.7 54.2 54.6 54.9
Zimbabwe 48.6 50.0 51.4 60.7 60.7 60.7 60.7 60.7 60.0 61.4 61.4
SADC Average 53.0 53.6 54.2 55.7 57.9 59.2 60.3 61.0 61.2 61.5 62.7
Page 8 of 54
Table 3: Total fertility rate. Children per woman. 2009- 2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 6.3 6.2 6.0 5.8 5.7 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5
Botswana 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.3 2.6 3.1 2.9 2.9
Comoros 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.0 4.0 3.9 4.2
DRC 5.9 5.8 5.7 6.0 6.6 6.6 5.9 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.0
Eswatini 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.1
Lesotho 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2
Madagascar 4.8 4.7 4.6 4.6 5.0 4.4 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.1
Malawi 5.9 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.6 5.0 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.3 4.3
Mauritius 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4
Mozambique 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.5 5.4 5.3 5.2 5.1 5.2 5.0 4.9
Namibia 3.3 3.2 3.9 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.4
Seychelles 2.4 2.2 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.3
South Africa 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.4
Tanzania 5.2 5.1 5.0 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2
Zambia 5.6 5.9 5.9 5.8 5.3 5.3 5.6 5.5 5.5 4.7 4.7
Zimbabwe 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.8 4.0 4.3 4.0 4.0 3.7 3.6 3.6
Page 9 of 54
6.2 REAL SECTOR
Table 4: Gross Domestic Product in SADC at Current Market Prices. (US $ million). 2009-2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 70 415 83 799 111 943 128 138 136 725 145 668 116 164 101 124 122 121 101 358 92 753
Botswana 10 267 12 787 15 438 14 420 14 902 16 251 14 421 15 662 17 486 18 645 18 331
Comoros 531 906 1022 1016 1116 1148 988 1021 1082 1 241 1 154
DRC 16 004 21 567 25 841 29 319 32 676 35 909 37 918 37 135 37 981 46 832 47 318
Eswatini 3 612 4 436 4 821 4 893 4 624 4 485 4 076 3 838 4 452 4 399 4 526
Lesotho 1 886 2 268 2 621 2 573 2 446 2 501 2 371 2 165 2 406 2 465 2 377
Madagascar 8 544 9 983 11 552 11 579 12 424 12 523 10 371 11 805 13 177 13 760 14 105
Malawi 6 185 6 960 8 003 5 721 5 222 5 972 6 431 5 310 6 348 7 180 8 016
Mauritius 9 135 10 002 11 517 11 669 12 122 12 804 11 671 12 127 13 146 14 090 14 011
Mozambique 11 242 11 435 14 385 16 434 17 084 18 099 16 660 11 869 13 214 14 852 15 296
Namibia 8 954 11 432 12 604 13 017 12 134 11 286 11 891 10 681 12 742 13 454 12 366
Seychelles 849 970 1019 1 060 1 328 1 343 1 377 1 427 1 525 1 584 1 699
South Africa 297 217 375 298 416 878 396 811 366 837 351 047 317 638 296 333 349 630 368 398 351 393
Tanzania 28 574 31 704 34 452 39 643 45 668 49 969 47 522 49 763 53 281 56 995 61 127
Zambia 15 329 20 266 23 460 25 528 28 076 27 163 21 274 20 960 25 786 25 301 23 046
Zimbabwe 8 157 12 042 14 102 17 115 19 091 19 496 19 963 20 549 22 041 24 312 26 816
SADC Total 496 902 615 853 709 659 718 935 712 475 715 664 640 736 601 769 696 416 714 866 694 336
Page 10 of 54
Table 5: Gross Domestic Product Annual Real Growth Rates (%) in SADC. 2009-2019
SADC Member States 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 0.8 5.2 4.1 8.8 5.0 4.0 0.9 0.0 0.7 -1.1 -0.9
Botswana -7.7 8.6 6.0 4.5 11.3 4.1 -1.7 4.3 2.9 4.5 3.0
Comoros 3.2 3.8 4.1 3.2 4.5 2.1 1.1 2.3 2.5 3.3 2.0
DRC 2.9 7.1 6.9 7.1 8.5 9.5 6.9 2.4 3.7 5.8 4.4
Eswatini 1.6 3.8 2.2 5.4 3.9 0.9 2.3 1.3 2.0 2.4 1.6
Lesotho 2.2 6.7 5.4 6.7 4.2 2.9 2.7 5.0 -1.3 -0.5 -0.8
Madagascar -4.0 0.6 1.6 3.0 2.3 3.3 3.1 4.0 3.9 4.6 4.4
Malawi 7.5 6.9 4.9 -0.6 6.3 6.2 3.3 2.7 5.2 3.9 5.2
Mauritius 3.3 4.4 4.1 3.5 3.4 3.7 3.6 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.0
Mozambique 6.4 6.5 7.4 7.3 7.0 7.4 6.7 3.8 3.7 3.4 2.3
Namibia 0.3 6.0 5.1 5.1 5.6 5.8 4.5 -0.3 -0.3 0.7 -1.1
Seychelles -0.2 5.9 5.4 3.7 6.0 4.5 4.9 4.6 4.4 3.8 4.7
South Africa -1.5 3.0 3.3 2.2 2.5 1.8 1.2 0.4 1.4 0.8 0.2
Tanzania 5.4 6.3 7.7 4.5 6.8 6.7 6.2 6.9 6.8 7.0 7.0
Zambia 9.2 10.3 5.6 7.6 5.1 4.7 2.9 3.6 3.7 4.0 1.4
Zimbabwe 12.6 19.7 14.2 16.7 2.0 2.4 1.8 0.8 0.8 4.8 2.3
SADC-Average 0.2 4.5 4.2 4.5 4.0 3.5 2.2 1.5 2.1 1.9 1.4
Page 11 of 54
Table 6: Per Capita Gross Domestic Product at Current Prices. (US $ per head). 2009-2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 3 186 3 675 4 757 5 275 5 452 5 624 4 354 3 677 4 306 3 465 3 074
Botswana 5 263 6 433 7 624 6 990 7 093 7 537 6 570 7 024 8 114 8 096 7 837
Comoros 793 1319 1449 1403 1500 1503 1259 1266 1307 1459 1356
DRC 227 296 343 377 406 432 446 427 428 511 486
Eswatini 3 460 4 205 4 518 4 530 4 231 4 056 3 643 3 391 4 073 3 928 3 991
Lesotho 1000 1199 1382 1353 1282 1305 1232 1115 1232 1129 1119
Madagascar 436 496 558 545 569 558 450 499 542 536 523
Malawi 457 499 556 385 341 378 394 315 365 409 430
Mauritius 7325 8001 9199 9290 9629 10154 9241 9602 10392 11139 11067
Mozambique 516 510 624 693 701 723 648 449 474 520 522
Namibia 4258 5335 5957 6039 5525 5043 5214 4344 5379 5573 5029
Seychelles 9761 11020 11736 12147 14923 14700 14745 15069 15880 16385 17406
South Africa 5880 7312 7997 7497 6825 6432 5733 5268 6123 6358 5979
Tanzania 682 734 774 882 985 1045 963 977 1014 1052 1094
Zambia 1214 1548 1710 1805 1923 1808 1375 1315 1572 1498 1326
Zimbabwe 667 976 1106 1310 1428 1428 1432 1443 1495 1592 1722
SADC 1 815 2 190 2 454 2 427 2 340 2 287 1 998 1 831 2 065 2 058 1 927
Page 12 of 54
Table 7: Gross Domestic Product for Manufacturing Sector in SADC at Current Prices. (US $ million). 2009-2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 4 111 4 194 5 052 6 094 7 077 7 431 6 954 6 960 8 197 6 214 7 151
Botswana 652 817 893 856 867 862 833 814 895 959 962
Comoros 66 65 75 71 83 88 70 73 75 84 78
DRC 4 063 3 466 3 935 4 464 4 992 5 543 6 154 7 632 7 395 6 343 6 613
Eswatini 1 257 1 443 1 528 1 516 1 368 1 367 1 279 1 182 1 336 1 337 1 312
Lesotho 307 292 330 289 262 299 357 353 362 401 381
Madagascar 1 136 1 145 1 299 1 297 1 372 1 378 1 133 1 167 1 424 1 295 1 279
Malawi 642 690 806 547 496 567 614 500 580 653 729
Mauritius 1 362 1 417 1 597 1 593 1 686 1 740 1 522 1 504 1 552 1 597 1 534
Mozambique 1 287 1 141 1 411 1 421 1 399 1 453 1 365 1 006 1 084 1 295 1 385
Namibia 1 167 1 406 1 696 1 587 1 257 1 101 1 353 1 248 1 519 1 618 1 452
Seychelles 66 78 78 89 96 87 82 82 90 107 104
South Africa 40 494 48 988 50 005 46 496 42 556 42 288 38 185 35 638 41 995 43 306 41 396
Tanzania 2 520 2 747 3 290 3 742 4 161 4 557 3 733 3 888 4 084 4 602 5 188
Zambia 1 294 1 536 1 763 1 806 1 691 1 853 1 600 1 611 1 947 1 965 1 742
Zimbabwe 1 066 1 109 1 293 2 404 2 466 2 455 2 373 2 383 2 428 2 744 3 181
SADC Total 61 492 70 534 75 051 74 271 71 828 73 069 67 608 66 041 74 963 74 519 74 488
Page 13 of 54
Table 8: Manufacturing Value Added (MVA) Growth Rates (%) in SADC. 2009-2019
SADC Member States 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 6.4 10.0 10.4 9.3 7.7 -9.0 11.3 11.8 1.4 0.6 5.5
Botswana 5.0 3.9 11.4 3.7 6.5 0.5 3.2 1.6 2.2 3.4 2.8
Comoros 2.4 13.1 5.8 0.7 9.0 -4.6 2.8 4.7 -0.4 3.0 2.3
DRC 1.8 -35.5 1.8 5.3 10.1 9.9 9.3 8.6 2.4 -0.8 0.9
Eswatini -4.2 11.0 1.7 0.8 3.1 4.3 1.5 1.1 5.4 4.2 4.1
Lesotho -3.3 3.3 -2.8 -4.2 -4.1 -11.4 15.2 17.9 -5.8 9.6 -3.1
Madagascar -9.3 -2.4 3.9 2.7 1.4 2.7 3.0 2.2 7.2 5.9 6.6
Malawi 29.1 11.4 1.4 -0.9 5.6 6.3 3.8 1.3 2.0 3.5 5.2
Mauritius 2.4 1.9 0.7 2.1 4.7 1.8 0.1 0.3 1.5 0.7 0.5
Mozambique 0.0 3.1 2.1 0.1 4.1 2.6 9.0 3.9 0.3 2.6 1.2
Namibia 2.0 7.5 5.7 -6.8 4.4 2.7 -3.1 10.2 -1.0 1.0 3.5
Seychelles -11.3 8.4 13.0 17.7 -13.1 -6.3 7.4 1.7 4.7 13.0 5.6
South Africa -10.6 5.9 3.0 2.1 1.0 0.3 -0.4 0.8 -0.2 1.0 -0.8
Tanzania 4.5 8.9 6.7 4.2 3.7 10.0 7.1 10.8 8.2 8.3 5.8
Zambia 4.0 4.8 10.6 4.8 6.2 6.5 5.4 1.9 4.4 4.1 2.4
Zimbabwe 2.0 2.0 13.8 5.3 -0.6 -5.1 0.2 -4.0 0.8 12.1 10.6
SADC-Average -6.0 4.1 4.0 2.9 2.8 0.9 2.7 3.7 1.2 2.0 1.5
Page 14 of 54
Table 9: Share of Manufacturing Value Added (MVA) to Total GDP (%) in SADC. 2009-2019
SADC Member States 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 5,8 5,0 4,5 4,8 5,2 5,1 6,0 6,9 6,7 6,1 7,7
Botswana 6,3 6,4 5,8 5,9 5,8 5,3 5,8 5,2 5,1 5,1 5,2
Comoros 12,5 7,2 7,4 7,0 7,5 7,7 7,1 7,1 6,9 6,7 6,8
DRC 25,4 16,1 15,2 15,2 15,3 15,4 16,2 20,6 19,5 13,5 14,0
Eswatini 34,8 32,5 31,7 31,0 29,6 30,5 31,4 30,8 30,0 30,4 29,0
Lesotho 16,3 12,9 12,6 11,2 10,7 12,0 15,0 16,3 15,0 16,3 16,0
Madagascar 13,3 11,5 11,2 11,2 11,0 11,0 10,9 9,9 10,8 9,4 9,1
Malawi 10,4 9,9 10,1 9,6 9,5 9,5 9,5 9,4 9,1 9,1 9,1
Mauritius 14,9 14,2 13,9 13,6 13,9 13,6 13,0 12,4 11,8 11,3 10,9
Mozambique 11,5 10,0 9,8 8,6 8,2 8,0 8,2 8,5 8,2 8,7 9,1
Namibia 13,0 12,3 13,5 12,2 10,4 9,8 11,4 11,7 11,9 12,0 11,7
Seychelles 7,8 8,0 7,7 8,4 7,2 6,5 6,0 5,8 5,9 6,7 6,1
South Africa 13,6 13,1 12,0 11,7 11,6 12,0 12,0 12,0 12,0 11,8 11,8
Tanzania 8,8 8,7 9,5 9,4 9,1 9,1 7,9 7,8 7,7 8,1 8,5
Zambia 8,4 7,6 7,5 7,1 6,0 6,8 7,5 7,7 7,6 7,8 7,6
Zimbabwe 13,1 9,2 9,2 14,0 12,9 12,6 11,9 11,6 11,0 11,3 11,9
SADC Region 12,4 11,5 10,6 10,3 10,1 10,2 10,6 11,0 10,8 10,4 10,7
Page 15 of 54
Table 10: Gross Domestic Product for Agriculture Sector in SADC at Current Prices. (US $ million). 2009-2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 4 657 5 179 6 544 7 778 8 897 10 994 10 597 9 942 12 233 8 725 10 498
Botswana 289 318 388 389 343 339 317 321 348 372 357
Comoros 177 176 196 193 218 220 186 191 200 225 203
DRC 3 585 4 622 5 405 5 993 6 312 6 666 6 966 6 907 7 481 3 810 4 460
Eswatini 334 451 469 501 474 420 386 342 371 359 391
Lesotho 97 109 117 124 121 97 89 121 130 108 102
Madagascar 2 267 2 214 2 519 2 502 2 503 2 529 2 042 2 404 2 722 2 058 1 971
Malawi 1 882 2 061 2 303 1 713 1 563 1 788 1 846 1 483 1 789 1 959 2 160
Mauritius 354 364 427 427 409 417 368 387 407 392 406
Mozambique 3 373 3 070 3 704 4 094 4 016 4 332 3 818 2 713 3 309 3 649 3 981
Namibia 739 967 1 023 1 048 914 872 734 668 899 937 818
Seychelles 13 14 14 14 18 17 17 17 17 20 23
South Africa 8 065 8 960 9 528 8 609 7 695 7 634 6 635 6 591 8 256 8 016 6 622
Tanzania 7 572 8 111 8 605 10 526 12 235 12 893 12 710 13 657 15 325 15 884 16 227
Zambia 1 721 1 909 2 263 2 380 2 310 1 842 1 060 1 305 1 845 705 733
Zimbabwe 1 038 1 157 1 222 1 377 1 364 1 705 1 654 1 618 1 838 1 802 1 756
SADC Total 36 163 39 680 44 726 47 666 49 392 52 766 49 424 48 666 57 171 49 021 50 708
Page 16 of 54
Table 10b: Share of Agriculture Value Added to Total GDP (%) in SADC. 2009-2019
SADC Member States 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 6,6 6,2 5,8 6,1 6,5 7,5 9,1 9,8 10,0 8,6 11,3
Botswana 2,8 2,5 2,5 2,7 2,3 2,1 2,2 2,0 2,0 2,0 1,9
Comoros 33,3 19,4 19,2 19,0 19,6 19,2 18,8 18,7 18,5 18,2 17,6
DRC 22,4 21,4 20,9 20,4 19,3 18,6 18,4 18,6 19,7 8,1 9,4
Eswatini 9,3 10,2 9,7 10,2 10,3 9,4 9,5 8,9 8,3 8,2 8,6
Lesotho 5,1 4,8 4,5 4,8 5,0 3,9 3,8 5,6 5,4 4,4 4,3
Madagascar 26,5 22,2 21,8 21,6 20,1 20,2 19,7 20,4 20,7 15,0 14,0
Malawi 30,4 29,6 28,8 29,9 29,9 29,9 28,7 27,9 28,2 27,3 26,9
Mauritius 3,9 3,6 3,7 3,7 3,4 3,3 3,2 3,2 3,1 2,8 2,9
Mozambique 30,0 26,8 25,8 24,9 23,5 23,9 22,9 22,9 25,0 24,6 26,0
Namibia 8,3 8,5 8,1 8,1 7,5 7,7 6,2 6,3 7,1 7,0 6,6
Seychelles 1,5 1,4 1,4 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,2 1,2 1,1 1,3 1,3
South Africa 2,7 2,4 2,3 2,2 2,1 2,2 2,1 2,2 2,4 2,2 1,9
Tanzania 26,5 25,6 25,0 26,6 26,8 25,8 26,7 27,4 28,8 27,9 26,5
Zambia 11,2 9,4 9,6 9,3 8,2 6,8 5,0 6,2 7,2 2,8 3,2
Zimbabwe 12,7 9,6 8,7 8,0 7,1 8,7 8,3 7,9 8,3 7,4 6,5
SADC Region 7,3 6,4 6,3 6,6 6,9 7,4 7,7 8,1 8,2 6,9 7,3
Page 17 of 54
Table 11: Inflation rate (period annual average). %. for SADC Member States 2009- 2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 13.7 14.4 13.8 10.5 8.9 7.3 9.7 30.1 32.9 18.2 17.4
Botswana 8.2 6.9 8.5 7.5 5.9 4.4 3.1 2.8 3.3 3.2 2.8
Comoros -2.9 3.8 1.8 6.3 2.8 -1.2 0.9 0.8 0.1 1.7 3.7
DRC 46.1 23.5 15.6 22.2 0.8 1.2 1.1 4.8 53.5 23.0 4.5
Eswatini 7.6 4.5 6.1 8.9 5.6 5.7 5.0 7.8 6.2 4.8 2.6
Lesotho 7.3 3.6 5.0 6.1 5.0 5.4 3.2 6.6 5.2 4.8 5.2
Madagascar 9.0 9.2 9.5 5.7 5.8 6.1 7.4 6.7 8.3 8.6 5.6
Malawi 8.4 7.4 7.6 21.3 27.3 23.8 21.9 21.7 11.5 9.2 9.4
Mauritius 2.5 2.9 6.5 3.9 3.5 3.2 1.3 1.0 3.7 3.2 0.5
Mozambique 3.8 12.4 11.2 2.6 4.3 2.6 3.6 19.9 15.1 3.9 2.8
Namibia 9.5 4.9 5.0 6.7 5.6 5.4 3.4 6.7 6.2 4.3 3.7
Seychelles 34.2 -2.4 2.6 7.1 4.4 1.4 4.0 -1.0 2.9 3.7 1.8
South Africa 7.2 4.3 5.0 5.6 5.7 6.1 4.6 6.4 5.3 4.7 4.1
Tanzania 12.1 5.5 12.7 16.0 7.9 6.1 5.6 5.2 5.3 3.5 3.4
Zambia 13.5 8.2 6.4 6.6 7.0 7.8 10.2 18.2 6.6 7.0 7.7
Zimbabwe -7.7 3.1 3.5 2.9 1.6 -0.2 -2.4 -1.6 0.9 10.6 80.0
Page 18 of 54
6.3 EXTERNAL TRADE
Table 12: Total Exports in SADC (US $ million). 2009-2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 40 639 52 612 66 427 70 863 67 713 58 672 33 925 28 057 34 905 40 545 34 819
Botswana 3 634 4 944 5 320 5 905 7 617 6 452 6 101 7 412 5 809 6 605 5 316
Comoros 13 15 27 21 17 28 16 30 39 46 49
DRC 2 908 6 619 6 236 5 809 7 701 10 307 10 285 9 917 10 445 10 900 6 800
Eswatini 1 325 1 515 2 492 2 135 2 060 2 016 1 823 1 699 1 800 1 851 2 002
Lesotho 626 503 771 976 848 872 917 866 1067 1155 1099
Madagascar 1098 1153 1448 1202 1627 2220 2060 2251 2774 3131 2685
Malawi 1189 1096 1507 1285 1287 1510 1417 1121 1092 816 864
Mauritius 1931 2252 2560 2661 2872 3095 2661 2356 2320 2352 1981
Mozambique 2147 2333 3604 3856 4024 4421 3413 3328 4725 5012 4669
Namibia 5773 5951 5940 5868 5645 5988 4609 4393 4743 7456 6375
Seychelles 237 220 264 272 374 337 247 282 287 331 261
South Africa 69 485 91 009 108 915 99 513 96 265 92 282 80 749 76 287 87 792 94 273 90 016
Tanzania 2 722 4 047 4 802 5 505 5 146 4 498 4 360 4 462 4 075 3 869 5 048
Zambia 4 315 7 201 8 829 9 642 10 607 9 687 6 607 6 372 8 006 9 035 7 047
Zimbabwe 1 604 3 245 4 528 3 964 3 810 3 682 3 577 3 663 4 054 4 038 4 029
SADC region 139 645 184 713 223 668 219 477 217 611 206 066 162 767 152 497 173 933 191 415 173 060
Page 19 of 54
Table 13: Total Imports in SADC (US $ million). 2009-2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 23 919 18 143 20 791 28 917 27 689 28 580 21 549 14 348 15 462 16 353 14 160
Botswana 5 068 6 016 6 649 7 988 8 113 6 128 7 039 6 162 5 324 6 319 6 665
Comoros 179 182 214 208 211 218 174 196 209 230 203
DRC 4740 4045 6549 9974 12279 15295 10575 10121 10639 11750 6200
Eswatini 1489 2040 3111 1986 1942 1746 1519 1523 1617 1865 1838
Lesotho 1349 1274 1464 2251 1886 1816 1699 1611 1965 1737 1854
Madagascar 3218 2645 2929 2491 2700 3328 2392 2962 3565 4072 3940
Malawi 2108 2139 2426 2334 2810 2688 2212 2075 2135 2703 2885
Mauritius 3708 4367 5141 5379 5401 5618 4792 4615 5200 5634 4989
Mozambique 3764 3864 6312 8688 10099 9281 8334 5206 5745 6944 7428
Namibia 6448 6489 6629 7312 7405 8626 7836 6142 6375 9129 7751
Seychelles 783 990 1006 1020 1078 1145 974 1040 1303 1271 1167
South Africa 76 001 84 762 105 538 108 392 108 139 104 807 84 441 74 193 82 913 92 437 107 539
Tanzania 6 691 7 954 8 578 11 626 12 456 12 690 10 817 9 488 7 799 8 586 8 985
Zambia 3 832 5 321 7 280 8 820 10 573 9 795 7 935 7 290 7 988 9 466 7 225
Zimbabwe 6 207 5 865 8 596 7 463 7 704 7 453 7 000 5 211 5 522 6 259 7 195
SADC region 149 504 156 095 193 214 214 849 220 485 219 213 179 289 152 183 163 761 184 756 190 024
Page 20 of 54
Table 14: Total Merchandise trade balance in SADC (US $ million). 2009-2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 16 721 34 469 45 636 41 947 40 023 30 093 12 376 13 710 19 443 24 192 20 659
Botswana -1 434 -1 072 -1 329 -2 083 -497 323 -938 1 250 485 286 -1 349
Comoros -167 -167 -187 -187 -194 -190 -159 -166 -170 -184 -153
DRC -1 832 2 574 -313 -4 165 -4 578 -4 988 -290 -204 -194 -850 600
Eswatini -164 -525 -619 149 118 270 304 175 183 -14 163
Lesotho -722 -771 -694 -1 275 -1 038 -944 -782 -745 -898 -582 -755
Madagascar -2 121 -1 491 -1 481 -1 289 -1 073 -1 107 -332 -711 -791 -941 -1 256
Malawi -919 -1 043 -919 -1 049 -1 523 -1 178 -795 -954 -1 043 -1 887 -2 021
Mauritius -1 777 -2 115 -2 582 -2 718 -2 529 -2 523 -2 132 -2 259 -2 880 -3 282 -3 008
Mozambique -1 617 -1 530 -2 708 -4 832 -6 075 -4 860 -4 921 -1 878 -1 020 -1 932 -2 759
Namibia -675 -539 -689 -1 444 -1 760 -2 637 -3 227 -1 749 -1 632 -1 673 -1 377
Seychelles -546 -770 -742 -748 -704 -808 -727 -758 -1 017 -940 -905
South Africa -6 517 6 246 3 377 -8 879 -11 874 -12 525 -3 692 2 093 4 879 1 835 -17 524
Tanzania -3 969 -3 908 -3 777 -6 121 -7 310 -8 192 -6 457 -5 025 -3 724 -4 717 -3 937
Zambia 483 1 880 1 549 822 34 -108 -1 329 -917 19 -431 -178
Zimbabwe -4 603 -2 620 -4 068 -3 499 -3 894 -3 771 -3 423 -1 548 -1 467 -2 221 -3 166
SADC region -9 859 28 618 30 455 4 628 -2 874 -13 146 -16 522 313 10 172 6 659 -16 965
Page 21 of 54
Table 15: Intra-SADC Exports in SADC (US $ million). 2009-2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 1 422 1 705 1 700 3 003 1 756 1 953 1 488 1 521 1 477 1 324 504
Botswana 756 919 1 004 1 071 2 246 1 627 1 774 1 958 746 908 754
Comoros 1 2 3 1 2 9 4 4 3 1 6
DRC 456 2 698 1 124 1 162 1 540 2 061 2 057 1 983 2 089 2 180 1 752
Eswatini 801 997 1 720 1 516 1 404 1 395 1 368 1 327 1 449 1 487 1 570
Lesotho 311 379 359 331 275 217 169 160 197 516 521
Madagascar 49 64 61 61 110 138 117 150 189 180 142
Malawi 165 155 228 145 188 394 312 295 208 174 168
Mauritius 230 266 352 425 390 402 418 376 370 391 335
Mozambique 600 619 792 974 1 127 1 261 878 928 1 022 1 039 1 053
Namibia 2 918 2 488 2 456 2 135 2 870 2 605 2 509 1 838 2 010 2 360 2 349
Seychelles 4 2 1 4 4 2 1 1 1 9 6
South Africa 15 544 18 958 21 743 22 429 22 439 22 457 18 935 18 581 20 294 21 781 20 949
Tanzania 409 737 1 239 1 495 1 279 1 242 1 358 1 018 878 999 842
Zambia 945 1 316 1 861 2 868 3 126 2 080 1 556 1 317 1 343 1 692 1 579
Zimbabwe 1 032 1 471 2 300 3 129 3 170 2 780 2 476 2 631 2 913 2 584 2 283
SADC region 25 644 32 775 36 941 40 749 41 926 40 623 35 420 34 088 35 189 37 626 34 813
Page 22 of 54
Table 16: Intra-SADC Imports in SADC (US $ million). 2009-2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 2 356 954 1 206 1 959 1 503 1 502 1 132 770 868 698 570
Botswana 3 970 4 506 4 546 5 587 6 121 4 672 5 617 4 809 3 893 4 631 4 582
Comoros 15 24 18 22 33 23 16 16 13 21 16
DRC 1 296 1 207 1 637 2 494 3 070 3 824 2 644 2 530 2 660 2 938 1 903
Eswatini 1 326 1 829 2 657 1 765 1 722 1 505 1 223 1 212 1 291 1 454 1 410
Lesotho 1 285 1 015 1 419 1 425 1 411 1 324 1 068 1 013 1 248 1 198 1 307
Madagascar 328 288 309 244 248 281 239 271 339 470 436
Malawi 756 542 552 553 631 1 100 719 703 704 732 731
Mauritius 375 438 471 453 464 488 473 523 634 665 542
Mozambique 1 437 2 513 2 297 2 604 3 545 3 098 2 659 1 744 1 850 2 136 2 373
Namibia 4 537 4 696 5 136 5 453 5 162 5 309 5 566 4 271 4 124 5 779 5 074
Seychelles 92 89 94 75 65 69 121 120 131 139 135
South Africa 4 018 5 483 6 082 7 744 7 068 6 476 5 491 5 505 5 888 6 179 6 132
Tanzania 750 879 1 177 1 111 948 780 771 612 601 604 733
Zambia 2 221 3 297 4 193 4 753 5 308 5 305 3 911 4 061 4 288 4 874 3 264
Zimbabwe 4 897 3 093 5 251 3 712 4 094 3 127 2 967 2 719 3 009 3 083 3 358
SADC region 29 659 30 852 37 046 39 951 41 393 38 881 34 618 30 879 31 540 35 601 32 566
Page 23 of 54
Table 17: Intra-SADC merchandise trade balance (US $ million). 2009-2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola -934 751 494 1 044 253 451 356 751 609 627 -67
Botswana -3 215 -3 587 -3 542 -4 515 -3 875 -3 045 -3 843 -2 850 -3 148 -3 723 -3 829
Comoros -14 -23 -15 -21 -31 -15 -12 -12 -10 -20 -10
DRC -839 1 491 -513 -1 332 -1 530 -1 762 -587 -547 -571 -758 -150
Eswatini -525 -832 -938 -249 -317 -110 145 115 158 33 160
Lesotho -974 -636 -1 059 -1 094 -1 137 -1 106 -899 -853 -1 050 -681 -786
Madagascar -280 -225 -249 -183 -138 -143 -122 -121 -150 -289 -293
Malawi -592 -387 -324 -408 -443 -706 -408 -409 -496 -558 -563
Mauritius -145 -172 -119 -28 -75 -86 -55 -147 -264 -274 -207
Mozambique -837 -1 894 -1 505 -1 629 -2 418 -1 837 -1 781 -816 -828 -1 097 -1 320
Namibia -1 619 -2 209 -2 680 -3 318 -2 293 -2 703 -3 056 -2 433 -2 113 -3 419 -2 725
Seychelles -88 -87 -93 -71 -61 -67 -120 -119 -130 -130 -129
South Africa 11 527 13 475 15 661 14 685 15 371 15 981 13 444 13 077 14 406 15 602 14 818
Tanzania -341 -142 62 384 331 462 587 406 277 395 109
Zambia -1 276 -1 981 -2 332 -1 885 -2 182 -3 225 -2 355 -2 744 -2 945 -3 182 -1 685
Zimbabwe -3 865 -1 621 -2 951 -583 -924 -347 -491 -88 -97 -499 -1 075
SADC region -4 015 1 923 -104 798 533 1 742 802 3 209 3 649 2 026 2 247
Page 24 of 54
Table 18: Intra-SADC Exports of goods as % of Total Exports of Goods in SADC (%). 2009-2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 3.5 3.2 2.6 4.2 2.6 3.3 4.4 5.4 4.2 3.3 1.4
Botswana 20.8 18.6 18.9 18.1 29.5 25.2 29.1 26.4 12.8 13.7 14.2
Comoros 7.0 13.5 10.3 4.8 12.1 31.1 23.8 13.3 9.1 2.2 11.5
DRC 15.7 40.8 18.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 25.8
Eswatini 60.4 65.8 69.0 71.0 68.2 69.2 75.0 78.1 80.5 80.3 78.4
Lesotho 49.7 75.4 46.6 33.9 32.4 24.9 18.4 18.5 18.5 44.7 47.4
Madagascar 4.4 5.5 4.2 5.1 6.7 6.2 5.7 6.7 6.8 5.8 5.3
Malawi 13.9 14.1 15.1 11.3 14.6 26.1 22.0 26.3 19.0 21.3 19.4
Mauritius 11.9 11.8 13.7 16.0 13.6 13.0 15.7 15.9 15.9 16.6 16.9
Mozambique 27.9 26.5 22.0 25.3 28.0 28.5 25.7 27.9 21.6 20.7 22.6
Namibia 50.5 41.8 41.3 36.4 50.8 43.5 54.4 41.8 42.4 31.6 36.8
Seychelles 1.8 0.8 0.3 1.4 1.1 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.4 2.6 2.2
South Africa 22.4 20.8 20.0 22.5 23.3 24.3 23.4 24.4 23.1 23.1 23.3
Tanzania 15.0 18.2 25.8 27.2 24.9 27.6 31.1 22.8 21.5 25.8 16.7
Zambia 21.9 18.3 21.1 29.7 29.5 21.5 23.6 20.7 16.8 18.7 22.4
Zimbabwe 64.3 45.3 50.8 78.9 83.2 75.5 69.2 71.8 71.8 64.0 56.7
SADC region 18.4 17.7 16.5 18.6 19.3 19.7 21.8 22.4 20.2 19.7 20.1
Page 25 of 54
Table 19: Intra-SADC Imports of goods as % of Total Imports of Goods in SADC (%). 2009-2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 9.8 5.3 5.8 6.8 5.4 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.6 4.3 4.0
Botswana 78.3 74.9 68.4 69.9 75.4 76.2 79.8 78.0 73.1 73.3 68.8
Comoros 8.3 13.5 8.2 10.6 15.5 10.7 8.9 8.2 6.3 9.2 7.7
DRC 27.3 29.8 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 30.7
Eswatini 89.1 89.6 85.4 88.9 88.7 86.2 80.5 79.6 79.8 78.0 76.7
Lesotho 95.3 79.7 96.9 63.3 74.8 72.9 62.9 62.9 63.5 68.9 70.5
Madagascar 10.2 10.9 10.6 9.8 9.2 8.4 10.0 9.1 9.5 11.5 11.1
Malawi 35.9 25.3 22.8 23.7 22.4 40.9 32.5 33.9 33.0 27.1 25.3
Mauritius 10.1 10.0 9.2 8.4 8.6 8.7 9.9 11.3 12.2 11.8 10.9
Mozambique 38.2 65.0 36.4 30.0 35.1 33.4 31.9 33.5 32.2 30.8 32.0
Namibia 70.4 72.4 77.5 74.6 69.7 61.5 71.0 69.5 64.7 63.3 65.5
Seychelles 11.7 9.0 9.3 7.3 6.0 6.0 12.4 11.5 10.0 10.9 11.6
South Africa 5.3 6.5 5.8 7.1 6.5 6.2 6.5 7.4 7.1 6.7 5.7
Tanzania 11.2 11.0 13.7 9.6 7.6 6.1 7.1 6.5 7.7 7.0 8.2
Zambia 58.0 62.0 57.6 53.9 50.2 54.2 49.3 55.7 53.7 51.5 45.2
Zimbabwe 78.9 52.7 61.1 49.7 53.1 41.9 42.4 52.2 54.5 49.3 46.7
SADC region 19.8 19.8 19.2 18.6 18.8 17.7 19.3 20.3 19.3 19.3 17.1
Page 26 of 54
Table 20: Extra-SADC Exports of goods (US $ million). 2009-2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 39 217 50 907 64 727 67 860 65 956 56 720 32 437 26 537 33 428 39 221 34 316
Botswana 2 878 4 025 4 316 4 833 5 371 4 825 4 327 5 454 5 063 5 697 4 562
Comoros 12 13 24 20 15 20 12 26 35 45 44
DRC 2 452 3 921 5 112 4 647 6 161 8 246 8 228 7 934 8 356 8 720 5 048
Eswatini 524 518 772 619 656 621 455 372 351 364 432
Lesotho 315 124 411 645 573 655 748 706 870 639 578
Madagascar 1 049 1 090 1 387 1 141 1 517 2 082 1 943 2 101 2 585 2 951 2 542
Malawi 1 024 941 1 279 1 140 1 099 1 116 1 105 827 885 642 696
Mauritius 1 701 1 986 2 208 2 236 2 482 2 693 2 243 1 980 1 950 1 961 1 646
Mozambique 1 548 1 714 2 812 2 881 2 897 3 159 2 535 2 400 3 703 3 973 3 616
Namibia 2 855 3 463 3 484 3 734 2 775 3 383 2 100 2 555 2 733 5 097 4 026
Seychelles 233 218 263 268 369 335 246 281 285 322 255
South Africa 53 940 72 051 87 172 77 084 73 826 69 825 61 814 57 705 67 498 72 492 69 066
Tanzania 2 313 3 310 3 562 4 010 3 867 3 256 3 002 3 444 3 197 2 870 4 207
Zambia 3 369 5 885 6 968 6 774 7 481 7 607 5 050 5 056 6 663 7 342 5 468
Zimbabwe 572 1 774 2 228 835 640 902 1 101 1 032 1 142 1 454 1 746
SADC region 114 002 151 938 186 727 178 728 175 685 165 443 127 346 118 408 138 745 153 789 138 247
Page 27 of 54
Table 21: Extra-SADC Imports of goods (US $ million). 2009-2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 21 563 17 190 19 585 26 958 26 186 27 078 20 417 13 578 14 594 15 655 13 590
Botswana 1 098 1 509 2 103 2 401 1 992 1 456 1 422 1 354 1 431 1 687 2 082
Comoros 164 157 196 186 179 195 159 180 196 209 187
DRC 3 444 2 838 4 912 7 481 9 209 11 471 7 931 7 591 7 979 8 813 4 297
Eswatini 163 211 453 221 220 241 296 311 326 411 428
Lesotho 64 259 46 826 475 492 631 598 717 540 547
Madagascar 2 890 2 356 2 620 2 248 2 452 3 047 2 153 2 691 3 226 3 603 3 505
Malawi 1 352 1 598 1 873 1 782 2 179 1 588 1 493 1 372 1 432 1 971 2 154
Mauritius 3 333 3 929 4 671 4 926 4 937 5 130 4 319 4 092 4 566 4 969 4 447
Mozambique 2 327 1 351 4 015 6 084 6 554 6 183 5 675 3 462 3 896 4 808 5 054
Namibia 1 911 1 793 1 493 1 860 2 243 3 317 2 271 1 871 2 251 3 350 2 678
Seychelles 691 902 912 945 1 013 1 076 853 920 1 173 1 132 1 032
South Africa 71 983 79 280 99 456 100 648 101 070 98 331 78 950 68 689 77 024 86 258 101 408
Tanzania 5 941 7 075 7 401 10 515 11 508 11 910 10 045 8 875 7 198 7 982 8 252
Zambia 1 611 2 024 3 087 4 067 5 264 4 490 4 024 3 229 3 700 4 591 3 961
Zimbabwe 1 310 2 772 3 345 3 751 3 610 4 327 4 033 2 492 2 512 3 176 3 837
SADC region 119 845 125 243 156 168 174 898 179 092 180 331 144 671 121 304 132 221 149 155 157 458
Page 28 of 54
Table 22: Extra-SADC Merchandise trade balance (US $ million). 2009-2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 17 654 33 717 45 142 40 902 39 770 29 641 12 020 12 959 18 834 23 566 20 726
Botswana 1 780 2 516 2 213 2 432 3 379 3 369 2 905 4 100 3 633 4 010 2 480
Comoros -153 -145 -172 -166 -164 -175 -147 -154 -161 -163 -143
DRC -992 1 083 200 -2 833 -3 048 -3 226 297 343 377 -93 750
Eswatini 361 307 319 398 435 380 159 61 25 -47 4
Lesotho 251 -135 366 -181 99 162 117 108 153 99 31
Madagascar -1 841 -1 266 -1 233 -1 106 -935 -965 -210 -590 -641 -652 -962
Malawi -328 -657 -594 -641 -1 080 -472 -387 -545 -547 -1 329 -1 458
Mauritius -1 633 -1 943 -2 463 -2 690 -2 455 -2 437 -2 077 -2 112 -2 616 -3 008 -2 801
Mozambique -780 363 -1 203 -3 203 -3 657 -3 023 -3 140 -1 062 -193 -835 -1 439
Namibia 944 1 670 1 991 1 874 533 66 -171 684 482 1 746 1 348
Seychelles -458 -683 -649 -677 -644 -741 -607 -639 -887 -810 -776
South Africa -18 043 -7 229 -12 284 -23 564 -27 245 -28 506 -17 136 -10 984 -9 527 -13 767 -32 341
Tanzania -3 628 -3 766 -3 839 -6 506 -7 641 -8 654 -7 043 -5 431 -4 001 -5 112 -4 046
Zambia 1 759 3 861 3 882 2 707 2 217 3 117 1 027 1 827 2 963 2 751 1 507
Zimbabwe -738 -998 -1 117 -2 916 -2 970 -3 424 -2 932 -1 461 -1 370 -1 722 -2 091
SADC region -5 844 26 695 30 559 3 830 -3 407 -14 888 -17 324 -2 896 6 523 4 634 -19 212
Page 29 of 54
Table 23: Average Official Exchange Rates for SADC Member States. 2009-2019 (National currency per 1 US $
SADC Member States
Currency 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola New Kwanza
79.29 91.91 93.81 95.40 96.51 98.33 120.09 163.66 165.92 252.84 335.62
Botswana Pula 7.16 6.79 6.80 7.62 8.40 8.98 10.13 10.89 10.30 10.21 10.76
Comoros Franc Comorien
354.00 371.50 353.90 382.90 370.50 370.80 443.60 444.80 436.60 400.34 443.97
DRC Franc Congolais
806.45 905.85 919.44 919.36 919.67 925.23 925.98 1010.30 1465.91 1622.50 1647.80
Eswatini Emalangeni 8.40 7.33 7.26 8.20 9.60 10.70 12.75 14.72 13.32 14.20 14.48
Lesotho Maloti 8.40 7.33 7.26 8.06 9.55 10.85 12.77 14.71 13.32 13.83 14.45
Madagascar Ariary 1957.70 2089.95 2025.10 2194.97 2206.91 2414.81 3202.90 3188.20 3116.00 3334.80 3618.30
Malawi Mkwacha 141.30 150.49 156.53 249.11 369.18 424.41 499.61 718.01 730.27 732.33 745.54
Mauritius Rupee 31.94 30.79 28.71 30.05 30.72 30.62 35.12 35.85 34.78 34.15 35.58
Mozambique Meticias 26.71 32.98 29.06 28.23 29.91 30.69 38.28 63.42 63.61 60.30 62.55
Namibia Dollar 8.40 7.33 7.25 8.21 9.65 11.87 12.21 14.69 13.31 13.23 14.45
Seychelles Rupee 13.58 12.07 12.38 13.70 12.06 12.75 13.31 13.32 13.65 13.92 14.03
South Africa SA Rand 8.44 7.32 7.25 8.20 9.65 10.84 12.75 14.71 13.31 13.23 14.45
Tanzania Shillings 1320.30 1409.30 1566.70 1572.00 1598.00 1653.10 1985.39 2177.59 2228.63 2264.14 2288.56
Zambia Kwacha 5.05 4.80 4.86 5.14 5.39 6.15 8.62 10.31 9.55 11.16 12.91
Zimbabwe Dollar 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 2.50
Page 30 of 54
6.4 FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
Table 24: Foreign Direct Investment inflows in SADC. (US $ million). 2009-2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 2 205 -3 227 -3 024 -6 898 -7 120 1 922 9 282 -180 -7 397 -6 456 -4 098
Botswana 210 219 1 375 488 399 516 394 143 261 286 261
Comoros 14 8 23 10 4 5 5 4 4 7 8
DRC 664 2 939 1 687 3 312 2 098 344 1 674 1 205 1 340 1 617 1 478
Eswatini 66 136 93 89 24 32 55 21 -56 36 130
Lesotho 91 30 61 57 50 46 103 159 123 129 118
Madagascar -11 -19 -17 -16 -7 314 436 451 358 353 227
Malawi 49 97 813 -9 446 599 288 116 90 102 98
Mauritius 275 453 449 678 448 604 392 511 648 591 601
Mozambique 898 1 018 3 559 5 629 6 175 4 902 3 867 34 47 144 288
Namibia 845 283 818 1 061 770 442 866 368 374 157 -46
Seychelles 171 211 207 613 57 108 106 155 192 120 126
South Africa 7 534 3 635 4 248 4 559 8 304 5 775 1 774 2 235 2 008 5 450 4 624
Tanzania 645 433 1 314 1 800 2 087 2 141 1 961 864 938 1 056 1 112
Zambia 695 1 729 1 109 1 732 2 100 1 508 1 583 663 1 108 408 753
Zimbabwe 105 166 387 400 400 545 421 2 300 199 529 41
SADC-Total 14 457 8 112 13 102 13 505 16 237 19 802 23 206 9 048 236 4 528 5 721
Page 31 of 54
6.5 ENERGY
Table 25: Total Net Installed Capacity of Electricity Power Plants in SADC. Thousand Kilowatt. 2009 - 2019
SADC Member States 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 1 155.0 1 155.0 1 530.0 1 530.0 1 530.0 2 070.0 2 533.0 2 873.0 4 409.0 n.a. n.a.
Botswana 152.0 152.0 132.0 132.0 132.0 132.0 145.0 621.3 753.3 n.a. n.a.
Comoros 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.0 24.0 25.0 26.0 26.0 26.0 n.a. n.a.
DRC 2 476.0 2 506.0 2 506.0 2 506.0 2 506.0 2 522.0 2 549.0 2 677.0 2 698.0 2881 n.a.
Eswatini 152.1 152.6 158.6 163.6 163.6 188.0 188.0 188.0 189.0 n.a. n.a.
Lesotho 76.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 74 80.8 75.0 n.a. n.a.
Madagacsar 430.6 507.2 422.4 516.0 505.9 544.7 641.8 526.1 663.1 n.a. n.a.
Malawi 285.0 286.0 287.0 287.0 351.0 567.0 566.5 566.9 566.9 n.a. n.a.
Mauritius 739.0 740.2 737.5 781.3 778.3 782.1 792.9 810.8 834.9 873.1 n.a
Mozambique 2 428.0 2 293.1 2 291.6 2 399.5 2 526.4 2 567.1 2 729.2 2 795.0 2 785.4 2 886.6 2 924.2
Namibia 467.0 467.0 393.0 508.0 487.0 487.0 496.5 497.0 494.0 n.a. n.a.
Seychelles 89.3 89.3 89.3 89.3 89.3 98.3 100.9 116.9 116.9 116.9 118.0
South Africa 43 061.0 43 061.0 41 194.0 41 729.0 41 990.0 47 643.0 47 109.0 47 930.0 53 028.0 n.a. n.a.
Tanzania 811.2 809.0 1 113.0 1 114.0 1 115.0 1 115.0 1 374.2 1 387.1 1 412.3 n.a. n.a.
Zambia 1 770.0 1 770.0 1 788.0 1 788.0 1 788.0 2 398.4 2 410.7 2 826.9 2 896.9 2 891.9 2 981.3
Zimbabwe 2 035.0 2 035.0 2 035.0 2 035.0 2 035.0 2 035.0 2 035.0 2 015.0 2 015.0 2 270.0 n.a.
Page 32 of 54
6.6 ENVIRONMENT
Table 26: CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita). 2009 – 2016
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Angola 1.23 1.24 1.26 1.36 1.30 1.66 1.24 1.20
Botswana 1.99 2.30 2.00 2.49 2.75 3.28 2.56 2.94
DRC 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.04 0.03
Comoros 0.20 0.23 0.19 0.20 0.24 0.20 0.22 0.25
Lesotho 1.11 1.14 1.16 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.14 1.21
Madagascar 0.09 0.09 0.11 0.12 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.16
Mozambique 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.16 0.32 0.24 0.29
Mauritius 2.97 3.13 3.13 3.16 3.23 3.34 3.34 3.44
Malawi 0.08 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.06 0.07 0.08
Namibia 1.47 1.46 1.31 1.54 1.18 1.65 1.72 1.79
Eswatini 1.01 1.00 1.00 1.14 1.40 0.82 0.89 1.04
Seychelles 6.01 4.94 3.73 4.78 3.67 5.34 5.26 6.39
Tanzania 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.20 0.23 0.23 0.25 0.23
South Africa 9.97 9.17 9.18 8.79 8.55 8.88 8.38 8.48
Zambia 0.19 0.20 0.21 0.25 0.27 0.29 0.29 0.31
Zimbabwe 0.45 0.61 0.75 0.60 0.88 0.89 0.89 0.78
Page 33 of 54
6.7 INFRASTRUCTURE-ROAD
Table 27: Total Road Network in SADC. Km. 2009-2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola
Botswana 8 946 8 946 18 042 18 042 30 905 30 276 30 276 31 747 31 747 31 762 32 115
Comoros
DRC 152 400 151 529
Eswatini
Lesotho 5 843 5 860 5 865 5 865 5 865 6 906
Madagascar 37 476 37 476
Malawi
Mauritius 2 066 2 080 2 112 2 170 2 275 2 356 2 428 2 502 2 631 2 711
Mozambique 30 331 30 331 30 331 30 562 30 464 30 554 30 983
Namibia 42 100 44 138 48 875
Seychelles 508 508 508 515 520 526 527 532 535 538 541
South Africa
Tanzania 85 000 83 739 86 472 86 472 86 472 86 472 86 472 86 472 86 472 86 472 86 472
Zambia 67 761 67 761 67 761 67 761 67 761 67 761 67 761
Zimbabwe
Page 34 of 54
6.8 ICT
Table 28: Percentage of Individuals using the Internet, 2009-2018
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Angola 2.30 2.80 3.10 6.50 8.90 10.20 12.40 13.00 14.34 14.34
Botswana 6.15 6.00 9.00 16.00 30.00 36.74 37.31 39.36 47.00 47.00
Comoros 3.50 5.10 5.50 5.98 6.50 6.98 7.46 7.94 8.48 8.48
DRC 0.56 0.72 1.20 1.68 2.20 3.00 3.80 6.21 8.62 8.62
Eswatini 8.94 11.04 18.13 20.78 24.70 26.18 25.64 28.57 47.00 47.00
Lesotho 3.72 3.86 7.00 10.00 15.00 22.00 25.00 27.36 29.00 29.00
Madagascar 1.63 1.70 1.90 2.30 3.00 3.70 4.17 4.71 9.80 9.80
Malawi 1.07 2.26 3.33 4.35 5.05 5.83 5.30 11.47 13.78 13.78
Mauritius n.a. 30.50 n.a. 37.60 n.a. 46.50 n.a. 53.70 n.a. 61.10
Mozambique 2.68 4.17 4.30 6.00 7.29 9.24 16.93 17.52 6.60 10.00
Namibia 6.50 11.60 12.00 12.94 13.90 14.84 25.69 31.03 51.00 51.00
Seychelles 40.44 41.00 43.16 47.08 50.40 51.25 54.26 56.51 58.77 58.77
South Africa 10.00 24.00 33.97 41.00 46.50 49.00 51.92 54.00 56.17 56.17
Tanzania 2.40 2.90 3.20 3.95 4.40 7.00 20.00 13.00 25.00 25.00
Zambia 6.31 10.00 11.50 13.47 15.40 19.00 21.00 25.51 27.85 14.30
Zimbabwe 4.00 6.40 8.40 12.00 15.50 16.36 22.74 23.12 27.06 27.06
Page 35 of 54
Table 29: Mobile-cellular subscriptions per 100 inhabitants, 2009-2018
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Angola 36.02 40.26 49.85 50.92 51.07 52.16 49.79 45.08 44.69 43.13
Botswana 95.94 118.94 143.91 151.10 157.42 163.29 163.88 152.27 146.96 150.01
Comoros 18.21 23.96 30.63 39.17 46.86 50.44 54.64 57.11 57.61 59.94
DRC 15.15 18.31 23.44 29.11 39.56 50.30 49.52 36.67 43.46 43.38
Eswatini 62.83 68.16 71.50 74.59 82.16 83.72 85.23 89.32 93.53 93.53
Lesotho 33.21 49.48 61.50 76.67 88.26 104.67 103.94 110.02 113.83 113.83
Madagascar 30.55 36.46 39.92 39.28 36.85 41.18 44.13 32.13 34.14 40.57
Malawi 17.59 21.44 26.41 30.18 33.40 34.58 39.22 41.72 43.99 39.01
Mauritius 87.36 95.43 103.44 118.53 122.16 131.39 139.93 143.76 145.47 151.36
Mozambique 26.08 30.70 32.48 35.41 48.52 70.31 74.46 53.99 41.45 47.72
Namibia 78.40 92.03 101.75 97.82 122.14 117.49 110.15 112.80 111.55 112.70
Seychelles 121.88 128.84 137.78 147.38 146.46 160.63 156.08 158.66 173.50 184.30
South Africa 91.99 98.35 123.07 129.45 143.17 145.35 158.88 146.62 155.23 153.25
Tanzania 40.56 47.32 56.20 57.85 56.60 63.78 77.05 75.49 73.09 77.24
Zambia 33.35 40.03 58.22 72.76 69.65 65.68 72.78 73.44 79.74 89.16
Zimbabwe 31.86 60.64 71.35 96.18 102.12 86.84 92.35 91.79 98.99 89.40
Page 36 of 54
6.9 WATER
Table 30: Mean Annual Rainfall in SADC. mm. 2009 – 2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
n.a
n.a
n.a
n.a
Botswana 490.4 500.7 478.0 297.2 334.8 549.2 261.5 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Comoros n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
DRC 1611.1 1290.7 2138.0 1383.6 2075.4 1390.9 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Eswatini n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Lesotho 762.0 n.a. n.a. 627.3 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Madagascar n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Malawi 1027.0 988.0 937.0 1021.0 993.3 1008.0 1039.0 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Mauritius 2383.0 1806.0 1948.0 1621.0 2126.0 2094.0 2377.0 1895.0 2140.0 2816.0 2130.0
Mozambique 93.4 94.9 65.2 76.1 94.2 9.4 87.4 75.8 102.7 94.5 101.9
Namibia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Seychelles 193.9 171.1 205.9 144.9 197.2 217.0 207.9 173.4 178.9 165.9 245.6
South Africa n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Tanzania 973.4 945.5 1141.4 829.9 913.3 1078.8 1024.2 939.4 1113.7 1115.7 1227.7
Zambia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Zimbabwe n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Page 37 of 54
6.10 GENDER
Table 31: Percentage of women in National parliament, 2009-2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 38.6 38.2 34.1 34.1 36.8 36.8 36.8 30.5 30.5
Botswana 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5
Comoros 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 6.1 6.1
DRC 7.7 n.a. 8.3 8.3 9.7 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2
Eswatini 21.9 21.9 21.9 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 12.1
Lesotho 22.9 23.5 26.8 26.8 26.8 24.8 24.8 22.7 22.7
Madagascar 12.1 12.1 15.8 15.8 20.5 20.5 20.1 19.6 19.6
Malawi 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.3 16.6 16.6 16.6 16.6 22.8
Mauritius 17.1 17.1 17.1 18.6 18.6 18.6 11.6 11.6 11.6 11.6 20.0
Mozambique 39.2 39.2 39.2 39.2 39.2 39.6 39.6 39.6 38.8 39.6 39.9
Namibia 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 n.a. 37.7 36.3 36.3 39.7
Seychelles 24.0 24.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 21.0 21.0 21.0 21.0
South Africa 42.7 41.1 41.1 41.1 40.7 41.2 41.2 41 41.8
Tanzania n.a. 36 36 36 36 36 36.6 37.2 37.2
Zambia 14.0 11.5 11.5 11.5 10.8 12.7 18.0 18.0 18.0
Zimbabwe 17.9 17.9 17.9 35.1 36.0 36.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.0
Page 38 of 54
6.11 EDUCATION
Table 32: Net enrollment in Secondary School. (%). 2009-2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 18.9 18.9 28.0 28.0 28.0 23.7 23.7 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Botswana n.a. n.a. 65.8 64.1 62.8 69.9 71.4 75.1 77.4 n.a. n.a.
Comoros n.a n.a n.a n.a 44.4 44.8 n.a n.a 43.0 n.a. n.a.
DRC 46.4 46.4 46.3 47.9 47.9 n.a. n.a. n.a n.a n.a. n.a.
Eswatini 29.5 47.2 41.0 41.0 39.5 41.2 41.9 41.9 51.3 n.a. n.a.
Lesotho 31.5 34.2 35.8 36.5 37.3 37.7 38.7 43.1 43.3 46.8 n.a.
Madagascar n.a. n.a. 29.8 30.9 n.a. 31.1 30.3 30.1 29.1 29.8 n.a.
Malawi 13.1 12.7 13.0 12.8 14.1 15.4 15.0 33.0 n.a. 34.2 n.a.
Mauritius 68.6 68.6 69.1 70.3 70.4 70.6 72.2 69.9 68.8 68.2 66.1
Mozambique 15.0 16.5 17.7 21.2 20.9 21.4 21.9 20.5 21.3 22.0 23.5
Namibia 54.8 55.7 57.1 n.a 53.9 n.a n.a 61.1 n.a. n.a. n.a.
Seychelles 98.5 99.0 98.4 98.3 99.4 97.0 99.0 80.6 79.6 80.1 n.a.
South Africa 89.0 88.7 90.1 90.5 90.3 90.7 90.2 89.6 71.9 n.a. n.a.
Tanzania 27.8 29.9 32.1 34.3 31.7 35.8 31.9 33.4 33.3 34.6 n.a.
Zambia 21.1 29.5 24.8 28.7 28.0 27.9 28.1 25.4 27.9 n.a. n.a.
Zimbabwe 44.5 n.a. n.a. 50.0 51.5 49.6 50.7 52.5 52.8 53.1 48.7
Page 39 of 54
6.12 HEALTH
Table 33: Infant Mortality Rate in SADC By Year and Sex. Per Thousand live Births. 2009 - 2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 115.7 114.9 114.1 113.4 112.6 65.3 63.4 62.2 61.1 60.0 58.9
Botswana 44.8 43.6 17.0 17.0 21.2 20.8 21.3 23.0 21.8 16.4 n.a.
Comoros 65.5 63.8 62.3 60.7 58.9 57.4 56 54.4 52.8 51.3 n.a.
DRC 106.7 104.5 102.2 99.9 86.1 58.0 74.5 71.9 70 68.2 n.a.
Eswatini 100.8 101.0 100.5 100.1 99.7 99.2 98.8 98.4 53.0 47.9 47.3
Lesotho 91.0 89.5 94.0 85.9 84.2 82.6 80.9 70.3 68.8 76 n.a.
Madagascar 45.1 43.6 42.2 42.0 42.0 37 35.9 39.9 39.1 39.8 n.a.
Malawi 55.4 66.0 49.2 46.0 53.0 53.0 42.0 38.3 36.8 35.3 n.a.
Mauritius 13.4 12.5 12.9 13.7 12.1 14.5 13.6 11.8 12.2 14.0 14.5
Mozambique 89.9 88.0 86.2 84.5 82.7 80.9 79.2 77.5 70.9 69.7 68.6
Namibia 33.3 31.1 29.2 28.3 35.2 33.4 32.8 30.6 29.7 29 n.a.
Seychelles 10.8 14.0 9.8 10.3 18.5 10.9 10.7 13.4 10.9 18.8 16.8
South Africa 42.8 41.1 39.9 38.8 37.4 36.0 34.0 33.5 32.8 28.5 n.a.
Tanzania 51.0 51.0 51.0 45.0 42.8 40.5 38.4 36.4 34.5 32.6 30.9
Zambia 64.4 62.9 58.7 56.4 45.0 45.0 74.2 43.1 41.5 42.0 42
Zimbabwe 60.0 57.0 58.6 64.0 64.0 55.0 50.0 36.3 35.4 33.9 25.5
Page 40 of 54
6.13 LABOUR
Table 34: Total Labour Force. (000s) 2009-2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 6 145 6 756 7 307 7 629 7 629 7 183 n.a n.a n.a 13 651 13 164
Botswana 711 710 800 803 900 n.a 844 838 n.a 941 954
Comoros 185 196 207 219 231 243 255 267 279 290 224
DRC 23 642 24 386 25 148 25 930 n.a. n.a n.a. 35 900 n.a. 28 771 29 742
Eswatini 310 271 271 271 295 295 295 295 290 n.a. 375
Lesotho 1 462 1 462 1 483 1 483 1 483 1 483 1 483 1 483 n.a. 981 974
Madagascar 9 681 10 638 10 958 11 286 11 612 11 931 12 238 12 630 13 030 13 464 13 851
Malawi 6 309 6 761 6 982 7 203 8 209 8 209 8 209 7 351 7 600 7 871 8 079
Mauritius 540 552 549 556 571 576 585 581 587 584 591
Mozambique 10 029 10 029 10 029 9 543 9 543 10 882 10 882 10 882 8 238 8 238 13 193
Namibia 783 869 895 868 980 991 n.a. 1 020 n.a. 1 090 937
Seychelles 42 44 48 44 46 50 55 46 49 50 n.a.
South Africa 17 670 17 393 17 662 18 064 19 752 20 228 21 085 21 533 22 289 22 496 23 300
Tanzania 21 533 20 655 22 802 23 467 24 291 25 068 25 790 27 019 27 892 28 824 29 802
Zambia n.a. 5 232 n.a. 5 966 n.a. 6 329 n.a. 6 667 6 920 7 184 3 423
Zimbabwe 5 028 6 617 6 816 5 121 n.a 7 045 7 045 7 045 7 045 7 045 3 463
SADC - Total 104 070 112 570 111 956 118 452 85 542 94 184 88 766 133 558 94 219 141 481 142 073
Page 41 of 54
Table 35: Unemployment rate (%). 2009-2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 10.1 9.4 16.8 n.a n.a 24.2 20.0 20.0 n.a 29 6.9
Botswana 17.5 17.8 19.9 20.0 n.a 17.7 17.6 n.a 17.9 22.2
Comoros n.a n.a n.a n.a 8.1 n.a n.a n.a n.a 3.7 4.3
DRC n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a 4.2 4.2
Eswatini n.a n.a n.a n.a 28.1 n.a n.a 23.0 n.a 22.5 22.1
Lesotho n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a 23.6 23.4
Madagascar n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a 1.7 1.8
Malawi n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a 5.4 5.7
Mauritius 7.3 7.6 7.8 8.0 8.0 7.8 7.9 7.3 7.1 6.9 6.7
Mozambique n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a 20.7 20.7 20.7 20.7 20.7 3.2
Namibia n.a n.a n.a 27.5 30.2 27.7 n.a 34.0 n.a 33.4 20.3
Seychelles n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a 4.1 4.4 4.4 3.9 2.8
2.9
South Africa 23.7 24.9 24.8 24.9 24.7 25.1 25.3 26.7 27.5 27.1 28.2
Tanzania n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a 1.9 2.0
Zambia n.a n.a n.a 7.8 n.a 7.4 n.a n.a 12.6 11.4 12.5
Zimbabwe 5.1 5.2 10.7 5.3 5.2 11.3 5.1 5.2 6.6 n/a 16.4
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6.14 POVERTY
Table 36: Gini Coefficient. 2009-2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.51
Botswana 0.645 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
Comoros 0.453
DRC 0.421
Eswatini 0.48 0.48 0.48 0.5 0.48 0.48 0.48 0.49
Lesotho 53.8
Madagascar 0.424 0.413 0.413
Malawi 0.452 0.447
Mauritius 0.414 0.400
Mozambique 0.42 0.47
Namibia 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
Seychelles 0.46
South Africa 0.7 0.7 0.7
Tanzania 0.378
Zambia 0.550 0.690
Zimbabwe 0.4 0.423 0.435
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Table 37: Population under Poverty Line as per national methodology (%). 2009-2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 36.7 36.8 36.9 36.1 36.1 36.1 36.1 n.a. n.a. 40.6 40.6
Botswana 19.3 19.3 16.3 n.a. n.a.
Comoros 42.4 34.7 n.a. n.a.
DRC 63.9 n.a. n.a.
Eswatini 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 58.9 n.a. n.a.
Lesotho n.a. 57.1 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 49.7 n.a. n.a.
Madagascar 75.3 71.5 71.5 n/a n.a.
Malawi n.a. 50.7 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 51.5 n.a. n.a. n.a.
Mauritius n/a n/a n/a 9.8 n/a n/a n/a n/a 10.4 n/a n.a.
Mozambique 54.7 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 46.1 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Namibia 28.7 28.7 28.8 28.8 28.8 28.8 17.4 17.4 17.4 n.a.
Seychelles n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 39.3 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
South Africa 42.7 n.a. 32.0 n.a. n.a. 55.5 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Tanzania 34.4 34.4 28.2 28.2 28.2 28.2 28.2 28.2 28.2 26.4 n.a.
Zambia n.a. 60.5 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 54.4 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Zimbabwe n/a n/a 72.3 72.3 n/a n/a n/a n/a 70.5 n/a n.a.
Page 44 of 54
6.15 YOUTH
Table 38: Youth Literacy Rate (Population 15-24 years old) in SADC By Sex. (%). 2009 – 2019
SADC Member States
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Angola 76.6 76.9 79.8 79.8
Botswana 97.5 97.7
Comoros 71.6 78.3
DRC 83.6 85.0
Eswatini 93.5 95.5
Lesotho 83.2 86.6
Madagascar 64.9 76.8 81.2
Malawi 72.1 76.1 72.9
Mauritius 98.1 99.0
Mozambique 67.1 70.5 70.9
Namibia 94.4 95.2
Seychelles 99.0 99.1
South Africa 98.4 98.6 98.8 98.9 98.9 99.0 95.3
Tanzania 74.6 85.9 85.8
Zambia 88.7
65.8 60.0
Zimbabwe 90.9 90.4
Page 45 of 54
Table 39: Youth unemployment rate (% ages 15–24) (%) in SADC. 2008-2017
SADC Member States 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Angola 33.7 28.1 22.8 16.9 17 17 17 16.9 18 19.1
Botswana 32.5 32.6 35.3 35.3 35.4 35.6 35.4 35.3 35.7 35.7
Comoros 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 10
DRC 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3
Eswatini 53 53.1 53.1 53.1 53.3 53.4 53.5 53.5 54.1 54.8
Lesotho 47.7 46.2 36.3 38.9 32.9 34.5 34.9 38 39 38.5
Madagascar 5.5 5.9 6.4 3.8 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0 3.0 3.0
Malawi 9.6 9.2 8.9 8.6 8.2 7.8 7.9 7.8 7.9 8
Mauritius 18.9 21.8 23.2 22.1 24.4 23.4 24.6 26 23.6 23.3
Mozambique 38.5 38.5 38.5 38.5 38.6 39.8 43.2 43.2 43 42.7
Namibia 46.1 46.6 45.3 42.6 34.3 40.8 38.7 40.1 45.2 45.5
Seychelles N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
South Africa 45.6 48.4 51.2 50.3 51.7 51.4 51.3 50.1 53.4 57.4
Tanzania 6.9 4.9 5.9 7.1 6.5 5.8 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.9
Zambia 15.5 20.9 26.8 20.1 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.2 15.3 15.4
Zimbabwe 7.9 8.2 8.4 8.5 11.5 11.5 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4
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Table 40: Youth unemployment rate (female to male ratio) in SADC. 2009-2018
SADC Member States 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Angola 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Botswana 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4
Comoros 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
DRC 1.1 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
Eswatini 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Lesotho 1.1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4
Madagascar 1.0 1.7 1.3 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.3
Malawi 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2
Mauritius 1.2 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.6
Mozambique 1.0 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9
Namibia 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3
Seychelles N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
South Africa 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2
Tanzania 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4
Zambia 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Zimbabwe 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2
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Table 41: Adolescent birth rate (births per 1.000 women ages 15-19) in SADC. 2010-2018
SADC Member States 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Angola 181.2 178.5 175.7 172.9 170.2 167.4 161.8 156.2 150.5
Botswana 48.7 48.6 48.5 48.4 48.3 48.1 47.5 46.8 46.1
Comoros 79.5 78.5 77.5 76.5 75.5 74.4 71.4 68.4 65.4
DRC 130.8 130.5 130.2 129.9 129.6 129.3 127.6 125.9 124.2
Eswatini 92.0 89.6 87.1 84.7 82.3 79.8 78.8 77.7 76.7
Lesotho 86.9 87.3 87.7 88.2 88.6 89.0 90.3 91.5 92.7
Madagascar 134.3 131.4 128.6 125.7 122.9 120.0 116.6 113.1 109.6
Malawi 154.5 152.5 150.4 148.4 146.3 144.2 140.4 136.5 132.7
Mauritius 34.9 33.6 32.3 31.0 29.7 28.4 27.5 26.6 25.7
Mozambique 170.8 168.5 166.2 163.8 161.5 159.1 155.6 152.1 148.6
Namibia 81.1 80.6 80.2 79.8 79.4 79.0 73.9 68.7 63.6
Seychelles 59.9 60.2 60.5 60.8 61.0 61.3 61.6 61.8 62.0
South Africa 67.3 68.2 69.1 70.1 71.0 72.0 70.6 69.3 67.9
Tanzania 133.4 131.4 129.3 127.3 125.2 123.2 121.6 120.0 118.4
Zambia 149.0 146.5 144.1 141.6 139.1 136.7 131.2 125.6 120.1
Zimbabwe 111.1 110.6 110.2 109.7 109.3 108.8 101.3 93.7 86.1
Page 48 of 54
6.16 WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
Table 42: Antenatal care coverage. at least one visit (%) in SADC. 2008-2016
SADC Member States 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Angola 81.6
Botswana 94.1
Comoros 92.1
DRC 87.3 88.4
Eswatini 96.8 98.5
Lesotho 91.8 95.2
Madagascar 86.3 82.1
Malawi 94.7 96.1 94.8
Mauritius N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Mozambique 92.3 90.6
Namibia 96.6
Seychelles N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
South Africa 97.1 93.7
Tanzania 75.8 87.8 91.4
Zambia 95.7
Zimbabwe 88.4 89.8 93.7 93.3
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Table 43: Proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel (%) in SADC. 2008-2016
SADC Member States 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Angola 49.4 46.9
Botswana 98.3 99.5 99.1 99.8 99.8 99.9 99.5 99.7
Comoros 82.2
DRC 74.1 80.1
Eswatini 82.0 88.3
Lesotho 61.5 77.9
Madagascar 43.9 44.3
Malawi 68.0 75.0 71.4 83.7 82.6 87.4 89.8
Mauritius 99.5 99.4 99.5 99.5 99.8 99.8 99.8
Mozambique 55.3 54.3
Namibia 88.2
Seychelles 100.0 99.0 99.0 99.0 99.0
South Africa 94.3 96.7
Tanzania 48.9 63.5
Zambia 45.0 63.3
Zimbabwe 60.2 66.2 80.0 78.1
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Table 44: Maternal mortality ratio (deaths per 100.000 live births) in SADC. 2010-2018
SADC Member States 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Angola 450 546 526 350 351 477 477 477 n.a.
Botswana 163 189 147.9 182.6 143 149 129 129 n.a.
Comoros 388 376 365 354 344 335 335 335 n.a.
DRC 794 777 771 746 717 693 693 693 n.a.
Eswatini 320 418 400 310 400 389 389 452 n.a.
Lesotho 1155 1143 1143 1143 1143 1024 618 487 n.a.
Madagascar 436 420 402 384 369 353 353 353 426
Malawi 675 618 624 574 574 634 634 634 n.a.
Mauritius 33 34 62 65.8 52 47 46 74 39
Mozambique 490 408 563 480 506 489 489 489 n.a.
Namibia 200 315 299 130 273 265 265 265 n.a.
Seychelles 133 0 0 63.86 0 188 n.a. n.a. n.a.
South Africa 267 197 165 158 154 138 138 138 n.a.
Tanzania 454 454 432 432 432 432 398 398 n.a.
Zambia 483 n.a. n.a. 398 398 224 224 224 n.a.
Zimbabwe 960 483 525 470 614 651 443 443 n.a.
Page 51 of 54
Table 45: Contraceptive prevalence. any method (% of married or in-union women of reproductive age. 15–49 years) in SADC. 2008-2016
SADC Member States 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Angola 17.7 13.7
Botswana 52.8
Comoros 19.4
DRC 17.7 20.4
Eswatini 65.2 66.1
Lesotho 47.0 50.7 60.2
Madagascar 39.9 39.8
Malawi 46.1 58.6 59.2
Mauritius 63.8
Mozambique 16.2 11.6 27.1
Namibia 56.1
Seychelles N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
South Africa 54.6
Tanzania 34.4 38.4
Zambia 49.0
Zimbabwe 64.9 58.5 66.9 66.8
Page 52 of 54
Table 46: Unmet need for family planning (% of married or in-union women of reproductive age. 15–49 years) in SADC. 2008-2016
SADC Member States 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Angola 38.0
Botswana 9.6
Comoros 31.6
DRC 24.2 27.7
Eswatini 13.0 15.2
Lesotho 23.3 18.4
Madagascar 19.0
Malawi 26.2 19.4 18.7
Mauritius 12.5
Mozambique 28.5 23.1
Namibia 17.5
Seychelles N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
South Africa 14.7
Tanzania 25.3 22.1
Zambia 21.1
Zimbabwe 14.6 10.4 10.4
Page 53 of 54
Table 47: Violence against Girls and Women (%) in SADC. period average
Member States
Child marriage Violence against women ever experienced
Women married by age 18 Intimate partner Non intimate partner
(% of women ages 20-24 who are married or in union)
(% of female population ages 15 and older)
2003-2017 2005-2018 2005-2018
Angola 30.3 34.8 N/A
Botswana N/A N/A N/A
Comoros 31.6 6.4 1.5
DRC 37.3 50.7 N/A
Eswatini 5.3 N/A N/A
Lesotho 17.3 N/A N/A
Madagascar 41.2 N/A N/A
Malawi 42.1 37.5 N/A
Mauritius N/A N/A N/A
Mozambique 48.2 21.7 N/A
Namibia 6.9 25.0 N/A
Seychelles N/A N/A N/A
South Africa 5.6 N/A N/A
Tanzania 30.5 41.7 N/A
Zambia 31.4 42.7 N/A
Zimbabwe 32.4 35.4 N/A
Page 54 of 54
Table 48: Socio-economic empowerment of women (%) in SADC. period average
Member States
Female share of graduates in science. mathematics. engineering. manufacturing and construction at tertiary level
Female share of employment in senior
and middle management
Women with account at financial institution or with
mobile money-service provider
Mandatory paid
maternity leave
(%) (%) (% of female population ages 15
and older) (days)
2007-2017 2009-2017 2017 2017
Angola 9.9 N/A 22.3 90
Botswana N/A N/A 46.8 84
Comoros N/A N/A 17.9 98
DRC N/A N/A 24.2 98
Eswatini N/A N/A 27.4 14
Lesotho 4.5 N/A 46.5 84
Madagascar 16.2 24.5 16.3 98
Malawi N/A N/A 29.8 56
Mauritius N/A 29.7 87.1 98
Mozambique 5.9 22.2 32.9 60
Namibia N/A N/A 80.7 84
Seychelles 9.7 39.9 N/A 98
South Africa 13.4 29.7 70.0 120
Tanzania N/A N/A 42.2 84
Zambia N/A N/A 40.3 84
Zimbabwe 20.9 N/A 51.7 98