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Agenda
What is Cloud Computing?
Cloud Platform Technologies: An Overview
Public Cloud Platforms: Reviewing the Terrain
An Organization without Cloud Computing
Compute/Storage/Network
On-Premises Data Center
A
VM
A
VM
A
VM A A
A Application VM Virtual Machine
Users
Defining Cloud Computing Three categories
Cloud applications
Also called Software as a Service (SaaS)
Public cloud platforms
Foundations for cloud applications and more
Private clouds
Cloud platforms used by a single organization
An Organization with Cloud Computing O
N-P
REM
ISES
OFF
-PR
EMIS
ES
Compute/Storage/Network
A
VM A
Compute/Storage/Network
A A A
Cloud Applications (SaaS)
Compute/Storage/Network
A
VM
A
VM
Public Cloud Platform
A
VM
A
VM
A
VM
Private Cloud
Users
Microsoft’s Cloud Offerings O
N-P
REM
ISES
OFF
-PR
EMIS
ES
Compute/Storage/Network
A
VM A
Compute/Storage/Network
A A A
Compute/Storage/Network
A
VM
A
VM
Public Cloud Platform
A
VM
A
VM
A
VM
Private Cloud
Users
System Center 2012 Windows Azure
Cloud Applications (SaaS)
Office 365, Dynamics CRM Online, etc.
What “Cloud” Means Two different things
Applications and computing resources running in an external datacenter with usage-based pricing
‒ Examples: Office 365, Google Apps
‒ Example: Windows Azure, Amazon Web Services
Any offering that provides Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
‒ Example: Windows Azure, Amazon Web Services
‒ Example: System Center 2012, VMware vCloud
Using Virtual Machines (VMs) Illustrating traditional virtualization
VM VM
Hypervisor
Operating System
VM VM
Hypervisor
Operating System
VM VM
Hypervisor
Operating System
VM Management
Tool Verify that request is
allowed
2
Request VM from administrator
1 Create VM on a specific server 3
User
VM Admin
VM VM VM VM VM VM
Using a Cloud Illustrating Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
User VM Images
Self-Service Portal
IaaS Software
Hypervisor
Operating System
VM
Hypervisor
Operating System
Hypervisor
Operating System
Select VM image 1
Create VM on some server
2
Self-service VMs on demand
Running on pooled hardware
ENTE
RP
RIS
E
User
Private Cloud, Public Cloud EX
TER
NA
L P
RO
VID
ER
Self-Service Portal
IaaS + More
IaaS + More
IaaS + More
Public Cloud
VM VM
Private Cloud
VM VM
Lets you make your datacenter more efficient and effective
Lets you use external datacenters with massive scale and usage-based pricing
Using a Public Cloud Platform Segmenting the market
Independent software vendors (ISVs)
Need a platform for creating SaaS applications
Might want a platform for extending current on-premises applications with cloud components
Enterprises
Want to run current applications at lower cost
Want a platform for building new applications (employee-facing or customer-facing)
Public Cloud Platform Technologies
The most important today:
‒ Computing
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
‒ Storage
Relational storage
NoSQL storage
Blobs
There are many more
‒ Messaging, identity, caching, …
Computing Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Users create virtual machines (VMs) on demand
‒ From a library of VM images
Strengths:
‒ Familiar technologies supporting many scenarios
‒ Limited code lock-in
‒ Can control and configure environment
Weaknesses:
‒ Must control and configure environment
‒ Requires administrative skills to use
Computing Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Developers provide an application, which the platform runs
‒ They don’t directly create VMs
Strengths:
‒ Provides higher-level services than IaaS
‒ Requires essentially no administrative skills
Weaknesses:
‒ Allows less control of the environment
‒ Supports fewer scenarios
An Aside: Scenarios for IaaS and PaaS Why IaaS is more popular than PaaS
IaaS PaaS
Moving existing applications to the public cloud Yes Maybe
Yes Deploying packaged applications No
General-purpose VMs on demand, e.g., for dev/test Yes No
New applications Yes Yes
Disaster recovery Yes No
Yes Running a standard relational DBMS, e.g., SQL Server No
Storage Relational
Managed (PaaS) relational storage in the cloud
‒ With support for SQL
Strengths:
‒ Familiar technologies
‒ Many available tools, e.g., for reporting
‒ Limited data lock-in
Weaknesses:
‒ Performance can vary
‒ Scaling to handle very large data is challenging
Storage NoSQL
A broad category of managed (PaaS) non-relational storage technologies
Strengths:
‒ Scaling to handle very large data can be straightforward
‒ Can be cheaper than relational storage
Weaknesses:
‒ Unfamiliar technologies
‒ Few available tools
‒ Significant data lock-in
Storage Blobs
Storage for Binary Large OBjects in the cloud
‒ Such as video, back-ups, etc.
Strengths:
‒ Globally accessible way to store and access large data
‒ Can be cheaper than on-premises storage
Weaknesses:
‒ Provides only simple unstructured storage
Cloud Platforms Example vendors and technologies
IaaS PaaS Relational NoSQL Blobs IaaS
Amazon
Microsoft
VMware
OpenStack
Computing Storage
Public Private
Key
Cloud Platform Software
Cloud Platform Service
Cloud Service or Cloud Software? Understanding the alternatives
Cloud platform service
‒ A hardware/software combination
‒ Typically provided by organizations that run Internet-scale services (e.g., Microsoft and Amazon)
They write their own software
Cloud platform software
‒ Provided by software vendors (e.g., VMware and Microsoft) and open source projects (e.g., OpenStack)
‒ Hosters can use this software to offer a public cloud service
The same software can also be used in private clouds
System Center 2012
(for hosters)
Microsoft Private and public cloud software
IaaS PaaS Relational NoSQL
Computing Storage
Blobs IaaS
Public Private
Amazon
Microsoft
VMware
OpenStack
Key
Cloud Platform Software
Cloud Platform Service
System Center 2012
vCloud
VMware Private and public cloud software
IaaS PaaS Relational NoSQL
Computing Storage
Blobs IaaS
Public Private
Amazon
Microsoft
VMware vCloud
DataCenter (for hosters)
OpenStack
Key
Cloud Platform Software
Cloud Platform Service
System Center 2012
System Center 2012
(for hosters)
Virtual Machines
Cloud Services
SQL Database
Tables Blobs
Windows Azure Public cloud platform
IaaS PaaS Relational NoSQL
Computing Storage
Blobs IaaS
Public Private
Amazon
Microsoft
VMware vCloud
OpenStack
Key
Cloud Platform Software
Cloud Platform Service
System Center 2012
vCloud DataCenter
System Center 2012
Cloud Foundry Cloud Foundry Cloud Foundry
VMware Cloud Foundry Public cloud software
IaaS PaaS Relational NoSQL
Cloud Services
SQL Database
Tables
Computing Storage
Blobs
Blobs
IaaS
Public Private
Amazon
Microsoft
VMware
OpenStack
Key
Cloud Platform Software
Cloud Platform Service
Virtual Machines
vCloud
System Center 2012
vCloud DataCenter
System Center 2012
VMware Cloud Foundry Essentials
Cloud Foundry is an open source PaaS platform
‒ Led by VMware
Designed to support diverse technologies:
‒ Frameworks: Spring, Rails, etc.
‒ Storage: MySQL, MongoDB, etc.
VMware provides a public dev/test service
‒ Partners provide commercial offerings
Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)
Relational Database Service
(RDS)
SimpleDB Simple Storage Service (S3)
Elastic Beanstalk DynamoDB
Amazon Web Services Public cloud platform
IaaS PaaS Relational NoSQL
Tables
Computing Storage
Blobs
Blobs
IaaS
Public Private
Amazon
Microsoft
VMware Cloud Foundry Cloud Foundry
OpenStack
Key
Cloud Platform Software
Cloud Platform Service
Cloud Foundry
Virtual Machines
vCloud
System Center 2012
vCloud DataCenter
System Center 2012
Cloud Services
SQL Database
Amazon Web Services Examples of other offerings
Auto Scaling
‒ Automatically adds and removes instances as an application’s load changes
DevPay
‒ A billing service for AWS applications
CloudWatch
‒ A monitoring service for EC2 VMs and more
Glacier
‒ Inexpensive storage for archived data
Eucalyptus Private cloud software
IaaS
Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)
PaaS Relational NoSQL
Tables
Relational Database Service
(RDS)
SimpleDB
Computing Storage
Blobs
Simple Storage Service (S3)
Blobs
Elastic Beanstalk
Eucalyptus
IaaS
Public Private
Amazon
Microsoft
VMware Cloud Foundry Cloud Foundry
OpenStack
Key
Cloud Platform Software
Cloud Platform Service
DynamoDB
Cloud Foundry
Virtual Machines
vCloud
System Center 2012
vCloud DataCenter
System Center 2012
Cloud Services
SQL Database
Eucalyptus Essentials
Eucalyptus is essentially an on-premises implementation of parts of AWS
‒ Including EC2 and S3
It provides management tools that can be used with:
‒ The on-premises Eucalyptus cloud
‒ AWS
Using Eucalyptus with AWS allows creating a consistent private/public cloud
OpenStack Compute
OpenStack Compute
(for hosters)
OpenStack Object Storage
(for hosters)
OpenStack Public and private cloud software
IaaS
Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)
PaaS Relational NoSQL
Tables
Relational Database Service
(RDS)
SimpleDB
Computing Storage
Blobs
Simple Storage Service (S3)
Blobs
Elastic Beanstalk
IaaS
Public Private
Amazon
Microsoft
VMware Cloud Foundry Cloud Foundry
OpenStack
Key
Cloud Platform Software
Cloud Platform Service
DynamoDB
Cloud Foundry
Eucalyptus
Virtual Machines
vCloud
System Center 2012
vCloud DataCenter
System Center 2012
Cloud Services
SQL Database
OpenStack Essentials
OpenStack is open source software for an IaaS cloud platform
‒ Original technology based on work by Rackspace and NASA
‒ Many more participants today
Aimed at both private and public cloud platforms
OpenStack-based offerings today include:
‒ Rackspace Cloud Hosting
‒ HP Cloud Services
The Public Cloud IaaS World A broader look
Public IaaS service is widely available
Other IaaS providers today include:
‒ Terremark
‒ Savvis
‒ IBM
‒ Oracle
‒ GoGrid
‒ Lots more . . .
The Public Cloud PaaS World A broader look
Public PaaS service is broadly available today
‒ It’s a complicated, rapidly evolving market
‒ The services offered by PaaS vendors vary widely
There’s still disagreement on what “PaaS” actually means
There is no clear PaaS leader
‒ PaaS hasn’t yet caught on in a big way
Examining PaaS Options and examples
Public Cloud PaaS Service
Google App Engine
Microsoft Windows Azure Cloud Services
Salesforce.com Force.com
Running over Public Cloud IaaS Service
Hardware
PaaS Platform
Public IaaS
PaaS Software
Hardware
PaaS Platform
Public/Private IaaS
Hardware
PaaS Platform
Native VMware Cloud
Foundry Red Hat
OpenShift
Longjump Cloud Application Platform
ActiveState Stackato
Apprenda
Tier 3 Iron Foundry
CloudBees AnyCloud
Heroku (AWS)
Engine Yard (AWS, Terremark)
CloudBees (AWS)
Longjump (Rackspace)
Elastic Beanstalk (AWS)
AppFog (AWS)
Shared Web Hosting and PaaS A comparison
Shared Web Hosting PaaS
Background Processing Support for Apps
Typical Web Apps Provided
Application Can Run In Its Own VM(s)
Example Minimum Price
Target Customer
Direct App Upload from Code Repository
Conclusions
Public cloud platforms are important
‒ Many vendors are active here
Public and private clouds are connected
‒ Many organizations will use both
This is everybody’s next big platform decision
About the Speaker
David Chappell is Principal of Chappell & Associates (www.davidchappell.com) in
San Francisco, California. Through his speaking, writing, and consulting, he helps
people around the world understand, use, and make better decisions about new
technology. David has been the keynote speaker for more than a hundred events
and conferences on five continents, and his seminars have been attended by tens of
thousands of IT leaders, architects, and developers in forty-five countries. His books
have been published in a dozen languages and used regularly in courses at MIT, ETH
Zurich, and other universities. In his consulting practice, he has helped clients such
as Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Microsoft, Stanford University, and Target Corporation
adopt new technologies, market new products, and educate their customers and
staff. Earlier in his career, David wrote networking software, chaired a U.S. national
standards working group, and played keyboards with the Peabody-award-winning
Children’s Radio Theater. He holds a B.S. in Economics and an M.S. in Computer
Science, both from the University of Wisconsin-Madison.