Saalah in Congregation

7/24/2019 Saalah in Congregation

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99471: He fell asleep and missed prayer in congregation

I have been late to pray asr in congregation for some time. I tried hard not to

sleep, but about one hour or a bit less before prayer time I fall asleep. I

repented to Allah and vowed that I will not sleep again before asr time so that

I do not miss praying in congregation. But after this vow I again slept before

asr time.

What is the ruling on this? Do I have to fulll this vow? What is the ruling on

the days I fell asleep after I vowed?.

raise be to Allaah.

!irstly"

We as# Allaah to reward you for your eagerness to pray in congregation, and

for your e$orts to do so regularly. We as# %im to enable you to do all that is

good.

It should be noted that you are dealing with a &ord Who is generous, #ind and

merciful' %e is more merciful towards %is slaves than they are to themselves.

%e is watching over your heart and %e #nows what is on your mind. If %e sees

that your intention is sincere, %e will decree the reward for you in full, and %e

will overloo# every mista#e and shortcoming.

(haree)ah e*cuses the one who falls asleep, if he misses prayer in

congregation or he misses the time of prayer altogether, so long as he availed

himself of the appropriate means and tried hard to catch up with the prayer in

congregation. If sleep overtoo# him after that because of something that was

beyond his control, without any shortcoming or negligence on his part, then

Allaah will forgive him, for %e does not burden any soul beyond its scope.


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Al+Bu#haari -/0 and 1uslim 2340 narrated from Abu 5ataadah may Allaah

be pleased with him0 that the rophet peace and blessings of Allaah be upon

him0 was with some of his companions on a 6ourney, and they halted at the

end of the night. %e lay down his head, then he said" 78uard our prayer for

us.9 :he rst one to wa#e up was the 1essenger of Allaah peace and

blessings of Allaah be upon him0. When the sun was on his bac#. We wo#e up,

startled, then he said, 7;ide on.9 (o we rode on and traveled until the sun

had risen, then he stopped and called for the water vessel I had with me, in

which there was a little water. %e did wudoo) from it, using less water than

usual. A little water was left in it, and he said to Abu 5ataadah, 78uard your

water vessel, for you will see something happen with it.9 :hen Bilaal gave the

call to prayer and the 1essenger of Allaah peace and blessings of Allaah be

upon him0 prayed two ra#)ahs, then he prayed !a6r, and did as he did every

day. :he 1essenger of Allaah peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him0

rode on and we rode with him, and we began to whisper to one another,

saying" What e*piation is there for what we have done by neglecting our

prayer? :hen he said" 7Do you not have an e*ample in me?9 :hen he said"

7:here is no negligence in sleep, rather negligence is the fault of one who

does not pray until the time for the ne*t prayer comes. Whoever does that, let

him pray when he remembers it, and if it is the following day, then let him

pray at the time of the prayer that he missed0.9

:hin# about what the rophet peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him0

said to his companions" 78uard our prayer for us.9


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travel prevented them from wa#ing up at the time of !a6r, and they only wo#e

up when the sun has risen, so they had an e*cuse in that case.

Al+=awawi said in Sharh Muslim->4320"

:his is evidence for that on which the scholars are unanimously agreed, that

the sleeper is not accountable. nd @uote.

It says in al-Mawsooah al-Fiqhiyyah>430"

It may be understood from this hadeeth that if a person thin#s it most li#ely

that if he sleeps he will miss the prayer, he should tell someone to wa#e him

up. nd @uote.

:o sum up" If you need to sleep before the prayer but are #een to wa#e up,

and you tell someone in your family to wa#e you up, or you set an alarm cloc#,

there is nothing wrong with that, and the 1uslim is not sinning if he misses

prayer in congregation or misses the time for prayer in that case0.

(econdly"

As for the vow you made, you should have fullled it. As you did not do that,

you have to o$er the e*piation for brea#ing an oath #afaarat yameen0,

because the rophet peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him0 said" 7:he

e*piation for brea#ing a vow is #afaarat yameen.9 =arrated by 1uslim 42-0.


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(ee also the answer to @uestion no. -22

And Allaah #nows best.

Islam Q&A
http://islamqa.info/en/45676http://islamqa.info/en/45676


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96871: It is mustahabb to pray in congrgation whn ma!ing

up miss" prayrs

(hould missed prayers be made up individually or in congregation? We went

out in the countryside one day and we did not wa#e up for !a6r prayer. After

the sun had risen, we made up the prayer, praying individually, because the

time for the prayer had ended. Is what we did correct?.

raise be to Allaah.

It is prescribed to pray in congregation when ma#ing up missed prayers,

because of the report narrated by al+Bu#haari --0, 1uslim 2340 and al+

=asaa)i 320 from Abu 5ataadah who said" We were with the 1essenger of

Allaah peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him0 on a 6ourney0 and some of

the people said" Why don)t you let us stop to rest at the end of the night0 E

1essenger of Allaah? %e said" 7I am afraid that you will sleep and miss the

prayer.9 Bilaal said" I will #eep watch for you. (o they lay down and went to

sleep, and Bilaal leaned bac# against his mount. :he 1essenger of Allaah

peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him0 wo#e up and saw that the edge

of the sun)s dis# had risen. %e said" E Bilaal, what about what you said? %e

said" I have never slept li#e that. :he 1essenger of Allaah peace and

blessings of Allaah be upon him0 said" 7Allaah too# your souls when %e willed

and %e returned them when %e willed. 8et up, E Bilaal, and call the people to

prayer.9 (o Bilaal got up and called the people to prayer, and they did wudoo),

i.e., when the sun had gotten high, then he stood up and led them in prayer.

Ibn 5udaamah may Allaah have mercy on him0 said in al-Mughni4>F-20" It is

mustahabb to ma#e up missed prayers in congregation. En the day of al+


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Chanda@, the rophet peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him0 missed

four prayers, and he made them up in congregation. And in the hadeeth of

Abu 5ataadah and elsewhere it says that when the rophet made up for !a6r

prayer on the day of al+Chanda@, he and his companions, he led them in

o$ering the prayer in congregation. nd @uote.

(hay#h Ibn Gthaymeen may Allaah have mercy on him0 said" !rom the

hadeeth of Abu 5ataadah it may also be understood that it is prescribed to

o$er made+up prayers in congregation if there is a group, because ma#ing up

is to be done as one would have performed the prayer. If they would have

o$ered the prayer in congregation if they had prayed on time, then when they

ma#e it up they should o$er it in congregation. :his is also mentioned in the

(unnah in the hadeeth of Abu %urayrah, when the 1essenger peace and

blessings of Allaah be upon him0 told Bilaal to give the call to prayer, then he

prayed two (unnah0 ra#)ahs of !a6r, then he led them in praying !a6r prayer in

congregation. nd @uote from al-Sharh al-MumtiH>4/0.

Based on this, it would have been better for you to give the call to prayer and

o$er the (unnah prayers individually, then recited the i@aamah and o$ered

the prayer in congregation, as the rophet peace and blessings of Allaah be

upon him0 did with his companions.


Islam Q&A


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1#7#9$: I% h misss th &rst prayr in congrgation in th

mosqu' shoul" h pray with his %amily or shoul" h com to

th mosqu %or th scon" prayr in congrgation(

If a man prays in his house with his children, is it regarded as prayer in

congregation? If he misses the rst prayer in congregation in the mos@ue,

should he hasten to go to the mos@ue in order to catch up with others praying

in congregation or is it acceptable for him to pray at home with his children,

for e*ample? If a man prays with his wife only, is it regarded as a prayer in

congregation?.

raise be to Allaah.

rayer in congregation in the mos@ue is obligatory for men who are able to do

that, if they can hear the call to prayer, as has been e*plained in the answer

to @uestions number 4H/and 343.

If a person comes to the mos@ue and nds that he has missed the prayer in

congregation, it is prescribed for him to pray in congregation with others who

also missed it, or with other worshippers who pray with him as an act of

charity, because of the reports narrated by Abu Dawood -0 from Abu

(a)eed al+Chudri may Allaah be pleased with him0 that the 1essenger of

Allaah blessings and peace of Allaah be upon him0 saw a man who was

praying alone, and he said" 7Will any man be charitable towards this one and

pray with him?9 :he hadeeth was classed as saheeh by al+Albaani in Sahh

)bi *awoo"+
http://islamqa.info/en/120http://islamqa.info/en/8918http://islamqa.info/en/120http://islamqa.info/en/8918


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If he #nows that the congregation in the mos@ue has ended and he is in his

house, then he may pray with his family or he may go to the mos@ue to o$er

the prayer there with the second congregation.

(hay#h Ibn Gthaymeen may Allaah have mercy upon him0 was as#ed" What is

the ruling on having a number of prayers in congregation in a mos@ue which

has a regular imam and a regular muein?

%e replied" %aving a number of congregations is divided into two categories.

:he rst category is when that is done regularly so that the second

congregation deliberately comes late in order that a second congregation may

be done. :his is an innovation, because only one congregational prayer should

be done in the mos@ue.

:he second category is when that is not done regularly and deliberately, but

after the rst congregation ends some other people come into the mos@ue

and they o$er their prayer in congregation. :his is prescribed and is (unnah,

because the rophet blessings and peace of Allaah be upon him0 was with his

Jompanions one day, and a man came in who had missed the prayer, and he

said" 7 Who will be charitable towards this man and pray with him?9 and one

of the Jompanions got up and prayed with him.

And because the rophet blessings and peace of Allaah be upon him0 said" 7A

man)s prayer o$ered with another man is better than his praying on his own,

and his praying with two other men is better than his praying with one other

man. :he more there are the more beloved it is to Allaah.9

With regard to the notion held by the people that having a second prayer in

congregation is an innovation, that is correct if it is done regularly and


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deliberately. But if it happens occasionally, then having a second prayer in

congregation is (unnah, because of the command of the rophet blessings

and peace of Allaah be upon him and his family0.

5uestion" ven if it is done in the house after the rst prayer in congregation

has ended?

(hay#h" =o, in the mos@ue is better, because if it is done in the mos@ue the

sie of the congregation may increase and people who come later may 6oin it,

so that will be better. 1oreover, sometimes people go from their houses to

the mos@ue in order to pray with the congregation, but they may miss it and

nd that they have already prayed, in which case praying in the mos@ue is

better for him and others, because if he and his companion return home and

o$ered a prayer in congregation there, another person may come after the

rst prayer in congregation has ended and nd no congregation, so he misses

out on praying in congregation. (o it is better for it to be in the mos@ue.


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prayer in congregation, and he prayed with his wife, then this is a

congregation and his wife should stand behind him.

(ee also the answer to @uestion number 3F.

http://islamqa.info/en/98739http://islamqa.info/en/98739


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8918: .h /i"nc that it is obligatory to o0r prayrs in

congrgation in th mosqu

I am a new 1uslim and I want to #now whether it is better for the 1uslim to

o$er the obligatory prayers in the mos@ue, and what is the evidence for that?.

raise be to Allaah.

!irstly"

We praise Allaah for guiding you to the religion of Islam. :his is a great

blessing for which Allaah should be praised and than#ed.

(econdly"

:he 1uslim has to understand that prayer is the greatest of the pillars of

Islam, and that it is the thing which distinguishes a 1uslim from a #aar, as it

says in the hadeeth of Kaabir may Allaah be pleased with him0 who said" I

heard the 1essenger of Allaah peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him0

say" 7Between a man and shir# and #ufr there stands his giving up prayer.

=arrated by 1uslim, 3H.

:hirdly"

:he fu@aha) may Allaah have mercy on them0 di$ered concerning the ruling

on congregational prayers. :here are a number of opinions, the most sound of

which is that prayer in congregation in the mos@ue is obligatory and is what is

indicated by the shar)i evidence.


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:his is the view of Ata) ibn Abi ;abaah, al+%asan al+Basri, al+Awaa)i and Abi

:hawr, and of Imam Ahmad as it appears from some of his statements. :his

was also stated by al+(haafa)i in Mu!htasar al-Muniwhere he said" 7With

regard to praying in congregation, I do not allow a concession to anyone not

to do it e*cept one who has an e*cuse.9 :his was also the view favoured by

(hay#h Ibn Baa and (hay#h Ibn Gthaymeen may Allaah have mercy on

them0.

With regard to the evidence that it is obligatory, it is as follows"

4 L Allaah says interpretation of the meaning0"

23hn you 45 Mssngr Muhamma" ar among thm' an" la" thm in )s-

Salaah 4th prayr' lt on party o% thm stan" up in Salaah 4prayr with

you ta!ing thir arms with thm whn thy &nish thir prostrations' lt thm

ta! thir positions in th rar an" lt th othr party com up which ha/

not yt pray"' an" lt thm pray with you

al-;isa


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:here are several ways in which this verse may be ta#en as evidence"

!irstly, Allaah commands them to pray in congregation, then %e repeats the

command with regard to the second group, by saying 7an" lt th othr party

com up which ha/ not yt pray"' an" lt thm pray with you9. :his

indicates that praying in congregation is obligatory on an individual basis, as

Allaah did not e*cuse the second group because the rst group had done it. If

praying in congregation was (unnah, the best e*cuse for not doing it would

be the e*cuse of fear. If it were fard #afaayah a communal obligation0, it

would no longer be obligatory after the rst group had done it. (o this verse

proves that it is obligatory for each and every individual. (o these are the

three ways in which this verse proves it is obligatory" Allaah commands it

once, then %e commands it again, and %e does not allow them a concession

not to do it at times of fear.

)l-Salaah wa >u!m .aari!iha, p. 4F, 4F3

H L Allaah says interpretation of the meaning0"

2)n" pr%orm )s-Salaah 4Iqaamat-as-Salaah' an" gi/ ?a!aah' an" bow "own

4or submit yoursl/s with ob"inc to )llaah along with )r-@aa!iAoon

4thos who bow

al-aqarah #:


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components, as Allaah calls it suBoo"prostration0, 5ur)aan

and .asbhglorication of Allaah0. And the phrase 7along with )r-@aa!iAoon

4thos who bow9 cannot mean anything other than doing it with a

congregation of worshippers. :his is what the word maawith0 means. Ence

this is understood, if a command mentions a particular manner or situation,

then the one who is commanded to do it cannot obey the command properly

unless he does it in the manner or situation mentioned. (ome may argue that

Allaah says interpretation of the meaning0"

25 MaryamC Submit yoursl% with ob"inc to your ,or" 4)llaah' by

worshipping non but >im )lon an" prostrat yoursl%' an" bow "own along

with )r-@aa!iAoon 4thos who bow "own

)al AImraan $:


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2)n" 4rmmbr whn th angls sai": 25 Maryam 4MaryC Drily' )llaah has

chosn you' puri&" you 4%rom polythism an" "isbli%' an" chosn you

abo/ th womn o% th A)alamn 4man!in" an" Binn 4o% hr li%tim+

F. E 1aryM 7(ubmit yourself with obedience to your &ord Allaah, by

worshipping none but %im Alone0 and prostrate yourself, and bow down along

with Ar+;aa#ioon those who bow down09

)al AImraan $:u!m .aari!iha, 4F+44


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F L It was narrated from Abu %urayrah may Allaah be pleased with him0 that

the 1essenger of Allaah peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him0 said"

7By the Ene in Whose hand is my soul, I was thin#ing of ordering that wood

be gathered, then I would have ordered that the call to prayer be given, then I

would have told a man to lead the people in prayer, then I would have gone

from behind and burned the houses of men who did not attend the

congregational0 prayer down around them. By the Ene in Whose hand is my

soul, if any one of them had #nown that he would get a bone covered with

good meat or two sheep)s feet with meat in them, he would have turned up

for the Isha) prayer.9

=arrated by al+Bu#haari, 243' 1uslim, 2-4

It was narrated from Abu %urayrah that the 1essenger of Allaah peace and

blessings of Allaah be upon him0 said" 7:he most burdensome prayers for the

hypocrites are Isha) and !a6r. If they #new what reward0 is in them, they

would come to them even if they had to crawl. I was thin#ing of ordering that

the call to prayer be given, then I would tell a man to lead the people in

prayer, and I would go out with men carrying bundles of wood to people who

do not come to the prayers, and I would burn their houses with re around

them.9

=arrated by al+Bu#haari, 2H2' 1uslim, 2-4

Ibn al+1undhir said"

:he fact that he was thin#ing of burning down the houses of people who

stayed behind and did not attend the prayers is the clearest indication that it

is obligatory to pray in congregation, because it would not have been


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permissible for the 1essenger peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him0 to

burn down the houses of those who stayed behind if prayer in congregation

was only something good but not obligatory.

)l-)wsat, >4F

Al+(an)aani said"

:his hadeeth indicates that prayer in congregation is an individual obligation,

not a communal one, because if it was a communal obligation and some had

done it, why would others have deserved the punishment? :here is no

punishment e*cept for one who neglects an obligatory duty or does

something that is haraam.

Subul al-Salaam, H>43, 4

L It was narrated that Abu %urayrah said" A blind man NIbn Gmm 1a#toomO

came to the rophet peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him0 and said, 7E

1essenger of Allaah, I have no one to lead me to the mos@ue,9 and he as#ed

the 1essenger of Allaah peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him0 to grant

him a concession allowing him to pray in his house, and he allowed him that.

But when he turned away he said, 7Jan you hear the call to prayer?9 %e said,

742


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Ibn al+1undhir said"

If there is no concession for a blind man, then it is more appropriate that

there should be no concession for one who can see.

)l-)wsat, >4F

Ibn 5udaamah said"

If there is no concession for a blind man who had no one to lead him, it is

more appropriate that there should be no concession for others.

)l-Mughni, H>F

- L It was narrated that Ibn 1as)ood may Allaah be pleased with him0 said"

Whoever would li#e to meet Allaah tomorrow as a 1uslim, let him regularly

perform these prayers when the call for them is given, for they are among the

ways of guidance. Allaah has prescribed for your rophet ways of guidance,

and if you pray in your homes, as this one who stays away from the prayers

prays in his home, then you will have abandoned the way of your rophet, and

if you abandon the way of your rophet you will go astray. :here is no man

who puries himself and does it well, then he goes to one of these mos@ues,

but for every step he ta#es, Allaah will record for him one hasanah good

deed0 and will raise him thereby one degree in status, and will erase for him

one sayi)ah bad deed0. I saw us at the time of the rophet peace and

blessings of Allaah be upon him00 and no one stayed behind from these

prayers e*cept a hypocrite who was #nown for his hypocrisy. A man would

come supported by two others so that he could stand in the row.


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According to another version, he said" :he 1essenger of Allaah peace and

blessings of Allaah be upon him0 taught us the ways of guidance, and told us

that one of the way of guidance is to pray in the mos@ue when the call to

prayer is given.

=arrated by 1uslim, 2-

Ibn al+5ayyim said"

What we may conclude from this is that he described staying away from the

prayers as one of the signs of the hypocrites who are #nown for their

hypocrisy. :he signs of hypocrisy are not omitting mustahabb actions or doing

ma#rooh things. Whoever see#s to learn the signs of hypocrisy according to

the (unnah will nd that they are omitting obligatory actions or doing haraam

things. :his is supported by the fact that he said" 7Whoever would li#e to

meet Allaah tomorrow as a 1uslim, let him regularly perform these prayers

when the call for them is given9. And he described the one who stays away

and o$ers the prayers at home as being one who has abandoned the (unnah

which is the path of the 1essenger of Allaah peace and blessings of Allaah be

upon him0 and the laws that he prescribed for his ummah. What is meant is

not the (unnah which those who wish can do and those who do not wish can

omit, because omitting that is not misguidance or a sign of hypocrisy L such

as not praying Duha and @iyaam al+layl, or fasting on 1ondays and

:hursdays.

)l-Salaah wa >u!m .aari!iha, p. 42, 4

2 L :he consensus of the (ahaabah


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Ibn al+5ayyim said"

:here was consensus among the (ahaabah and we will @uote what they said"

We have mentioned the words of Ibn 1as)ood above" 7I saw us at the time of

the rophet peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him00 and no one stayed

behind from these prayers e*cept a hypocrite who was #nown for his

hypocrisy.9

It was also narrated that Ibn 1as)ood may Allaah be pleased with him0 said"

7Whoever hears the muein and does not respond with no e*cuse, his prayer

is not valid.9

It was narrated that Abu 1oosa al+Ash)ari said" 7Whoever hears the muein

and does not respond with no e*cuse, his prayer is not valid.9

It was narrated that Ali said" 7:here is no prayer for a neighbour of the

mos@ue e*cept in the [email protected] It was said, 7Who is the neighbour of the

mos@ue?9 %e said, 7Whoever can hear the muein.9

It was narrated that al+%asan ibn Ali may Allaah be pleased with him0 said"

7Whoever hears the call to prayer and does not come, his prayer does not go

beyond his head, e*cept for one who has an e*cuse.9

It was narrated that Ali may Allaah be pleased with him0 said" 7Whoever

among the neighbours of the mos@ue hears the call to prayer, and he is in

good health and does not have any e*cuse, his prayer is not valid.9

)l-Salaah wa >u!m .aari!iha, p> 4-F


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:here is a great deal of evidence, but what we have @uoted above is

suPcient. u!m

.aari!iharayer and the ;uling on one who abandons it0, which has a lot

more information. (hay#h Ibn Baa wrote a useful essay entitled 3uBoob )"a

al-Salaah & Eamaaah:he obligation of o$ering prayers in congregation0.


Documents

Saalah in Congregation