Saad Nauman

University of Lille, France ENSAIT, France Topic

WEAVING OF 3D WARP INTERLOCK REINFORCEMENT ON

CONVENTIONAL LOOM

WEAVING OF 3D WARP INTERLOCK

REINFORCEMENT ON CONVENTIONAL LOOM

Saad NAUMANUniv. Lille North of France, F-59000, Lille, France

ENSAIT, GEMTEX, F-59100 Roubaix, France

PLAN Introduction Classification of interlock fabrics Weaving of a 3D interlock reinforcement Observations made on photomicrographs Geometrical Modeling

INTRODUCTION

Continuum Models Mesostructur

al Models

Numerical Models

Alternative Approaches

Why Geometrical approach against Numerical approach?

Traditional approach of geometrical modeling

Why introduce new approach?

GEOMETRICAL APPROACH AGAINST NUMERICAL APPROACH

HIERARCHY Continuous filaments (micro) Multifilament tows (meso) 3D Interlock fabrics (macro)

CLASSIFICATION OF 3D INTERLOCK FABRICSAccording to the orientation of binding tow Angle Interlock Orthogonal Interlock

According to binding depth of tow Through the thickness interlock Layer to layer interlock

CLASSIFICATION OF 3D INTERLOCK FABRICS

(a) Angle interlock/Through-the-thickness binding

(c) Angle interlock/Layer-to-layer binding

(b) Orthogonal interlock/Through-the-

thickness binding

(d) Orthogonal interlock/Layer-to-layer

binding

WEAVING OF A MULTILAYER INTERLOCK Calculation of reed denting order

R.C. = 10/2.5*W = 4 / W Criteria of reed selection:

a. To avoid friction and to facilitate weavingb. To suit the conceived geometry

Order of warp and weft tows

CONCEPTION OF 13 LAYER INTERLOCK REINFORCEMENT

Diagonal redistribution of warp tows inside the reed

dent and in the fabric

Vertical blocks of warp tows inside the reed

dent and in the fabric

NUMBERING ORDER OF WARP TOWS

GEOMETRY OF INTERLOCK REINFORCEMENT In order to study :

Reed denting order Numbering order of warp tows

OBSERVATIONS MADE ON PHOTOMICROGRAPHS

ELEMENTS OF FABRIC GEOMETRY

Cross section

Trajectory

THEORY OF BLOCKS

Blocks of tows

Interblock crimp

Interblock displacemen

t

BLOCKS OF WARP TOWS INSIDE A REED DENT

A

Interblock displacement (warp) = A = mm/dent

CONTINUUM OF GEOMETRY

Cmax(weft)Cmax(warp)

Cmax(warp) Cmax(weft)

C(warp) > 0

C(weft) > 0

C(weft) = 0 C(warp) = 0

EVOLUTION OF TOW CROSS SECTION WITH TRAJECTORY

Cmax(warp) Cmax(weft)

WEFT

WARP

CONCLUSION Modeling of two extreme geometries i.e.,

Cmax(warp) and Cmax(weft)

Modeling of cross sectional evolution of warp and weft tows

Identification of an architecture on the continuum between Cmax(warp) and Cmax(weft)

Thanks

Questions

POWER ELLIPTICAL CROSS SECTION