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S16.315Yield and Quality of Grapes and Wine of the Variety Negro Amaro, Primitivo and Vranac

Maras, V.1; Raicevic, D.2; Tomic, M.1; Kodzulovic V.1; Knezevic B.1; Cizmovic M.2113 Jul Plantaze, Department for Development, Put R. Ivanovica 2, 13 Jul, 5, 81000, Podgorica, Serbia and Montenegro2Biotehnical Faculty, Department for Viticulture, Serbia and Montenegro

Negro Amaro and Primitivo are varieties of the Southern Italy, intended for pro-duction of red wines. They were introduced in Montenegro in 2003.Vranac vari-ety is autochthonic variety of grape vine of Montenegro and it has been used for production of red wine of premium quality. Examinations were performed during the period 2007 – 2009 in the vineyard located at Cemovsko polje; near Podgorica (capital of Montenegro).It has been observed length and width of the cluster and berries, cluster weight, yield of grapes, contents of sugar and acid in the mach as also the wine quality of the tested (selected) grape varieties. The highest yield of grape per vine was found in the variety of Vranac (1.72 Kg/vine), while the highest amount of sugar was in the variety of Negro Amaro (24%).Vranac variety turned out to be of outstanding quality among tested wines. The highest content of ex-tracts, polyphenols, antocians were found in the wine of Vranac variety, while the lowest was in the wine of Primitivo variety.

S16.316Tracking Grapevine Varieties in Red Musts Using Molecular Markers (SSR and ISSR)

Pereira, L.1; Eiras-dias, J. E.2; Zanol, G.2; Clímaco, P.2; Brazão, J.2; Guedes-Pinto, H.1; Martins-Lopes, P.11Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, P. O. Box 1013, 5000-911, Vila Real, Portugal2National Institute of Biological Resources/national Institute for Agrarian Research (INRB/L-INIA), Quinta d’Almoinha, 2565-191 Dois Portos, Portugal

Wine quality and its value are dependent on grapevine varieties used. The possibil-ity of adding grape varieties further than those permitted by law attracts fraudulent practices in wine industry demanding quality products’ protection. In this study two microsatellite-based methodologies (microsatellite - SSR and intermicrosatel-lite - ISSR) were evaluated for their potential use in fingerprinting and must varietal composition determination for certification purposes. Leaf and monovarietal must DNA samples were extracted from five red varieties of Vitis vinifera L. and screened using 6 SSR and 19 ISSR primers. Dendrogram resulting from UPGMA analyses based on SSR data showed that varieties grouped according to their genetic similar-ity (leaf and monovarietal must samples). To analyse ISSR data two approaches were followed in an attempt to verify which one was the most suitable to apply in traceability. Results demonstrated undoubtedly the efficiency of SSR molecular markers for must varietal identification, nevertheless, this study also showed that it may be possible to use other molecular markers (ISSR) for quality control, certifi-cation and traceability purposes protecting consumers against misleading informa-tion, fraudulent practices and promoting a fair trade and consumers confidence.

S16.317Obtaining Virus-Free Basic Nursery Stocks by Clonal Micropropagation of Kalecik Karasi cv. (Vitis vinifera L.) and 140 Ru Rootstock Variety

Karaca, N.1; Cakir, A.2; Celik, H.2; Soylemezoglu, G.2; Akkurt, M.21Tunceli University Vine Production Technology and Viticulture Programme, Tunceli University Vine Production Technology and Viticulture Programme, 62000, Tunceli, Turkey2Ankara University Faculty of Agriculture Department of Horticulture 06110 Diskapi-Ankara, Turkey

This project was carried out to establish the mother blocks of three clones of Ka-lecik Karası cv. (Vitis vinifera L.) and one colone of 140 Ru rootstock variety. Virus infected clones of Kalecik Karası cv. (Vitis vinifera L.) and 140 Ru rootstock variety were in vitro meristem cultured and subcultured to eliminate the viruses in MS media and re-tested for the infectious viruses. All infected Kalecik Karası cv. (Vitis vinifera L.) and 140 Ru rootstock clones were found to be freed from viruses re-tested. In addition, two clones of Kalecik Karası cv. and one clone of 140 Ru root-stock variety were mass-propagated by in vitro shoot tip culture and acclimatized under mist, and then transplanted to the plastic containers as a single-node cutting source of the basic nursery stocks.

S16.318Monitoring Ochratoxin a in Sultana Raisins Grown in Turkey

Meyvaci, K. B.; Aksoy, U.; Altindisli, A.Ege University Faculty of Agriculture Department of Horticulture 35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey

Turkey is a leading country in the world dried grape market and famous for seedless Sultana type sun-dried grapes. Commercial Sultana production is a major agricultural activity especially in the western Aegean Region. During the last decade, Ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination is reported to exist in dried vine fruit as well as in other grape-based products. A survey carried out in UK revealed OTA presence also in Turkish Sul-tanas and triggered related researchwork. OTA formation starts with fruit maturation in Sultana seedless grape (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Sultani Çekirdeksiz) variety. In order to monitor the occurrence of OTA region-wide, Sultana samples (50±10) were collected yearly prior to processing from packing houses starting in 1998. Sampling contin-ued until 2007 and in some of the years, final product samples were also analyzed. The analytical method for OTA determination is based on extraction with methanol sodium bicarbonate and clean-up by immunoaffinity column chromatography fol-lowed by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. OTA concentrations ranged between < LOD and 5 ppb in major part of the samples. The mean and median values calculated displayed significant differences among the years monitored due to the prevailing yearly conditions, and the highest levels were found in 2002. Annual temperature, relative humidity and precipitation data recorded in the Region are evaluated in respect to OTA incidence. OTA levels in final products were lower than the unprocessed raw samples collected in the same year revealing a reduction due to the positive effect of sorting and removal of defected berries as dark coloured or mouldy.