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Minutes –16 April 2
Minute
estimat
Prepared
Date: Mo
Venue: Ar
Croylaan
General a
D
ex
Present:
Bruni / Gu
ten Veldh
Sun / Siao
Russchen
Delobbe /
Decloedt
Tabary / P
Lukach / M
Goudenho
Paulus / R
Tchiguirin
Van Steen
Giangola‐
– Internationa012
s of the In
tion
by Laurens C
nday 16th Apr
renberg Libra
6, 3001 Heve
aim of the wo
iscuss amon
xperiences, a
uendalina
uis / Marie‐C
o
berg / Herma
/ Laurent
/ Laurens Cas
Pierre
Maryna
oofdt / Edoua
Raphaël
nskaia / Ioulia
nbergen / Nie
Murzyn / Aga
al workshop o
ternationa
Cas Decloedt a
ril 2012, from
ary Room, CBA
rlee (Leuven)
orkshop:
ng the scien
nd prepare g
TU
Claire TU
INS
an TU
Roy
s KU
Mé
Roy
ard Roy
Un
Eco
els KU
athe LEE
on fine‐scale r
al RainGai
and Patrick W
m 9:00 to 21:3
A Celestijnen
), Belgium
ntific projec
uidelines for
Delft
Delft
SA de Lyon, Fr
Delft
yal Meteorolo
Leuven
étéo France
yal Meteorolo
yal Meteorolo
iversity of Liè
ole des Ponts
Leuven
ESU‐Ecole des
rainfall estima
1
n Worksho
Willems (KU Le
30
klooster, CBA
t partners
radar calibra
rance
ogical Institut
ogical Institut
ogical Institut
ège
ParisTech
s Ponts ParisT
ation
op on fine
euven)
A 01.10 Nicola
and interna
tion and fine
te of Belgium
te of Belgium
te of Belgium
Tech
‐scale rain
as De le Ville
tional exper
‐scale rainfal
m
m
m
nfall
zaal, Willem
rts methods
l estimation
de
s and
Minutes –16 April 2
Van Assel
Kroll / Ste
Reyniers /
Darlington
Maksimov
O'Brien /
Leijnse / H
Pineda / L
Borup / M
Ochoa Ro
Danielsen
Löwe / Ro
Wang / Li
Overeem
Thorndah
Jensen / N
Schertzer
Gires / Au
Uijlenhoe
Schellart/
McLaughl
Willems /
– Internationa012
/ Johan
efan
/ Maarten
n / Tim
vic / Cedo
Barry
Hidde
Luis
Morten
odriguez / Sus
n Sørup / Hjalt
oland
‐Pen
/ Aart
hl / Søren Lied
Niels Einar
/ Daniel
uguste
et/Remko
/Alma
in/David
/ Patrick
al workshop o
Aq
Aq
Roy
UK
Imp
UK
KN
KU
DT
sana Imp
te Jomo Tec
Tec
Imp
KN
dtke Aal
DH
Eco
Eco
Wa
Un
Un
KU
on fine‐scale r
uafin NV
uafin NV
yal Meteorolo
Met Office
perial College
Local Govern
MI
Leuven
U Environme
perial College
chnical Unive
chnical Unive
perial College
MI, The Neth
lborg Univers
I Group, Den
ole des Ponts
ole des Ponts
ageningen Un
iversity of Bra
iv. of Massac
Leuven
rainfall estima
2
ogical Institut
e London
nment Inform
nt / Krüger A
e London
rsity of Denm
rsity of Denm
e London
herlands
sity, Denmark
mark
ParisTech
ParisTech
niversity
adford
husetts at Am
ation
te of Belgium
mation Unit
A/S (Veolia De
mark, Denmar
mark, Denmar
k
mherst
m
enmark)
rk
rk
Minutes –16 April 2
Program
(chair: Pa
9:00 – 9:
9:30 – 10
10:00 – 1
11:30 – 1
12:00 – 1
13:00 – 1
14:00 – 1
15:30 – 1
16:00 – 1
19:00 – 2
– Internationa012
mme ‐ Inte
atrick Willem
30 Arriva
0:00 Welco
11:30 X‐ban
12:00 Break
13:00 X‐ban
14:00 Lunch
15:30 Integr
: met
16:00 Break
17:00 Fine‐s
21:30 Dinne
al workshop o
ernational
ms, KU Leuve
al and coffee
ome and intr
d and C‐ban
k
d versus C‐b
h
ration of X‐b
thods and ex
k
scale rainfall
er
on fine‐scale r
RainGain
en)
e
roduction
nd radar calib
band perform
band, C‐band
xperiences
estimation
rainfall estima
3
Workshop
bration : me
mance : expe
d and rain ga
: recommen
ation
p on fine‐sc
ethods and e
eriences
auge measur
ndations and
cale rainfa
experiences
rements
d guidelines
all estimat
ion
Minutes –16 April 2
Minute
General
Rather th
have ope
T
1
p
1
1
p
T
2
p
ca
2
re
T
ex
:
a
d
3
3
T
:
o
– Internationa012
s ‐ Interna
organization
han organizi
en discussion
opic 1: X‐ba
.1. calibratio
olarization
.2. adjustme
.3. monitor
arameters &
opic 2: X‐ba
.1 limitatio
erformance
apability, sta
.2 accuracy
eference?) m
opic 3: Inte
xperiences
methods to
nd rain gau
rainage app
.1 mosaickin
.2 radar ‐ ra
opic 4: Fine‐
here we for
n topics 1, 2
al workshop o
ational Rai
n of the wor
ng the work
ns on the fol
nd and C‐ba
on of reflecti
ent to rain ga
ring/mainten
& variables)
nd versus C‐
ns/differenc
: influence
ability, ...
estimation
methods? ty
gration of X
o merge diff
uges) to co
lications
ng radars of
in gauge me
‐scale rainfa
rmulated gen
2 and 3.
on fine‐scale r
nGain Wo
rkshop
kshop in a c
llowing four
nd radar cal
ivity, differe
auges: usefu
nance of t
‐band perfor
ces of X‐ba
of attenuat
of rain rate
pical results
X‐band, C‐ba
erent rainfa
me to a m
different wa
erging
ll estimation
neral conclu
rainfall estima
4
rkshop on
lassical setti
topics and r
libration : m
ntial reflect
ul? methods
he radar s
rmance : exp
and and C‐
tion, clutter
e estimation
?
and and rai
all products
most reliable
avelengths, w
n : recomme
usions, based
ation
n fine‐scale
ing of oral p
related subt
methods and
ivity, differe
? experience
system (e.g
periences
‐band rada
r, maximum
(e.g. taking
n gauge me
from differe
e fine‐scale
with focus o
endations an
d on the out
e rainfall e
presentation
topics:
experiences
ential phase,
es?
g. routine c
rs in rain
m effective
g rain gauge
easurement
ent sources
rainfall est
on nesting Xp
nd guidelines
tcomes from
stimation
ns, we decid
s
... single vs.
checks of
rate estim
range, dete
e observatio
s : methods
(X‐band, C‐
imate for u
pol in Cpol
s
m the discus
ed to
. dual
radar
ation
ection
ns as
s and
‐band
urban
ssions
Minutes –16 April 2
For each
the end o
leader) to
These gu
project a
All partic
slides on
and/or to
Focus of
(about 1
impact m
organize
come up
rainfall e
with num
during th
The follo
more of t
o La
B
o H
N
o P
o N
o Sø
X
o D
o H
o C
– Internationa012
of these top
of the works
o prepare af
uidelines wi
ctivities by t
cipants very
n each/some
o show the e
f the worksh
00 meter sp
modeling. Th
interfacing
with practic
estimation (f
merical weat
he project.
owing partici
the worksho
aurent Delo
elgium
Hidde Leijnse
Netherlands
ierre TABAR
Niels Einar, D
øren Liedtke
‐band radar
David McLaug
Herman Russ
as Decloedt
al workshop o
pics, we disc
shop main r
fter the wor
ll be publis
the RainGain
y actively co
e of the fou
experiences
hop was on
pace scale; a
he idea of th
of knowledg
cal recomme
for historical
ther predicti
ipants prepa
op themes:
obbe: Royal
e: Royal Neth
RY, Meteo Fr
DHI Water &
e Thorndahl,
ghlin, Univ. o
schenberg, T
, KU Leuven
on fine‐scale r
cussed meth
ecommenda
kshop a "gu
hed after s
n project par
ontributed t
ur topics, to
in other app
n methods t
about 5‐10
he worksho
ge between
endations/g
l periods) an
on. The latte
ared contrib
Meteorolog
herlands Me
rance: exper
Environmen
, Aalborg Un
of Massachu
TU Delft: exp
, Belgium: fi
rainfall estima
5
hods during 1
ations, which
idelines" do
ummer 201
rtners during
o the discu
show the m
plications.
to obtain go
minutes tim
p was to br
meteorolog
guidelines. Th
nd did not co
er topic will
butions in th
gical Institut
eteorologica
iences from
nt, Denmark
niversity, De
usetts at Am
periences wit
rst experien
ation
1 to 1.5 hou
h will be con
cument on f
12, and will
g their proje
ussion. Many
methods the
ood quality
me scale) tha
ring current
gists and urb
he focus of t
over real‐tim
be for anot
e form of sh
te of Belgiu
l Institute (K
France
k: marine X‐b
enmark: expe
mherst, USA:
th X‐band ra
nces with the
ur, and aime
nsidered by
fine‐scale ra
be used to
ect impleme
y participan
e participan
fine‐scale r
at can serve
knowledge
ban hydrolo
the worksho
me forecasti
her RainGai
hort present
um (RMI): e
KNMI): expe
band local ar
eriences fro
CASA X‐ban
adar in The N
e Leuven X‐b
d to formula
KU Leuven (
ainfall estima
o steer the
ntation.
nts prepared
t is familiar
rainfall estim
e urban dra
together an
ogists, in ord
op was limit
ng or integr
n workshop
tations to o
experiences
riences from
rea weather
om Denmark
nd radar proj
Netherlands
band radar
ate at
(WP2
ation.
WP2
d few
with
mates
inage
nd to
der to
ed to
ration
later
ne or
from
m The
r
k with
ject
Minutes –16 April 2
o Li
co
Opening
The work
presentat
After a sh
the works
Worksho
Since the
Niels Eina
interfacin
deliver th
temporal
The preci
area, whe
direct sur
– Internationa012
i‐Pen Wang
ombining ra
workshop
kshop was o
tion by Mari
hort presenta
shop was exp
op Topic 1: X‐
goal is to obt
ar on what re
g between t
is resolution
resolution ar
se location o
ereas it might
roundings of
al workshop o
g & Susana
in gauge and
pened by a w
e‐Claire ten V
ation of the
plained by Pa
‐band and C‐
tain fine scale
solution is re
he demands
by the radar
re 5‐10 minut
f the radar is
t be better to
the radar.
on fine‐scale r
a Ochoa Ro
d radar data
welcome by
Veldhuis (TU
different pa
atrick Willem
‐band radar
e (temporal a
equired for th
by the urban
meteorologi
tes and up to
s also mentio
place it outs
rainfall estima
6
odriguez, Im
a using Kalma
Patrick Will
U Delft, RainG
rticipants, th
ms.
calibration:
and spatial) ra
he project. On
n flood mode
sts. It was ag
100m.
ned as an iss
ide of the reg
ation
mperial Col
an filter
ems (KU Leu
Gain coordin
he aim, focus
methods and
ainfall estima
ne of the goa
elers and for
greed that the
sue. The rada
gion of intere
llege Londo
uven) and a
ator) on the
s and practic
d experience
ates, the ques
als of the proj
recasters and
e aim values
r is mostly lo
est, because o
on: research
general ove
RainGain pr
cal organizati
es
stion was rais
ject is to set
d the possibil
for the spatia
ocated in the
of the clutter
h on
rview
oject.
ion of
sed by
up an
lity to
al and
study
in the
Minutes –16 April 2
To facilit
nomencla
R
Rra
Laurent D
of the Leu
For the ra
into a wa
reflectivit
regularly
Hidde Lei
the resolu
scanning
the C ban
scanning s
The KNM
measurem
power of
reception
wave guid
On an eve
different
For dual
moments
The solar
however
the expec
The radar
deviations
rainfall es
– Internationa012
tate the co
ature is decide
adar calibrati
adar adjustmainfall estima
Delobbe ment
uven and Lon
adars operate
ave guide (kn
y of towers i
(once a mont
nsse (KNMI)
ution of an X
strategy. Wh
nd could also
strategy is ad
MI uses differ
ments is mon
the sun (kno
chain. The m
de) are also u
ent basis, the
radars; this m
polarization r
to monitor t
r power is al
also the poss
cted power at
r alignment
s on this alig
stimates.
al workshop o
onversations
ed upon, nam
ion: the elect
ment: the adjutes
tioned that th
don case, is n
ed by the RM
nown strengt
in the radar
th).
mentioned t
X‐band radar
ere the C‐ban
be used for
dapted for thi
rent strategie
itored and us
own power) i
methods of t
sed by the KN
e KNMI also s
method is still
radar, there
he radar perf
so used for
sibility to mea
t C‐band. This
(the directio
gnment could
on fine‐scale r
between ra
mely:
rical calibrati
ustments ma
he radar of th
now almost o
MI, the electr
h introduced
image (know
hat the resol
r. The resolu
nd radar is mo
fine resolutio
s application
es to have a
sed as an ind
is also used a
the RMI (fixe
NMI about on
statistically co
to be implem
is the possib
formance.
electronic ca
asure the sola
s can be used
n in which t
d give serious
rainfall estima
7
adar meteo
on of the refl
de to the rad
he RMI in Jab
perational. Th
ronic calibrat
in the radar
wn reflectivity
ution of an C
tion does no
ostly used to
on rainfall est
.
a good elect
dicator of the
as a source o
ed clutter po
nce a week.
ompares the
mented on a r
ility to check
alibration in t
ar power with
as a quality c
the antenna
s errors on th
ation
rologists an
lectivity of th
dar reflectivit
bbeke (Belgiu
his could be a
tion is done b
r wave guide
y under norm
C‐band radar
ot depends o
cover a grea
timates in th
tronic calibra
quality of th
of calibration
ints and intr
reflectivity i
real time basi
k the consiste
the Swiss Alp
h an S‐band r
check of the C
is pointing)
he location o
d urban hy
e radar
ty estimates t
um), which lie
a valuable ass
by introducin
e) and by mo
mal conditions
is not necess
on the wave
ter area than
e proximity o
ation. The no
he measurem
; this howeve
oducing a kn
n a given vol
is.
ency betwee
ps for X‐ban
radar and con
C‐band radar
is also moni
of fine scale (
ydrologists,
to give good
es within prox
set for both s
ng the radar
onitoring the
s). This is up
sarily coarser
length but o
n the X‐band r
of the radar,
oise on the
ents. The em
er only check
nown signal i
lume measur
n the polarim
d radars. Th
nvert the pow
measuremen
tored, since
up to street
some
radar
ximity
sites.
signal
point
dated
r than
on the
radar,
if the
radar
mitting
ks the
in the
red by
metric
ere is
wer to
nts.
small
level)
Minutes –16 April 2
The influe
explained
any of the
The UK M
minutes)
MeteoFra
check the
of all rad
quality m
errors occ
The Mete
gauge com
which giv
paramete
maintain
MeteoFra
DHI previ
between
reflectivit
the rainfa
It is ment
to the rad
For the Ra
a check o
Doppler m
For the Le
For the ra
For the Lo
for the Ra
Tim Darlin
also ment
– Internationa012
ence of the
d by the rada
e radars cons
MetOffice mo
to calibrate t
ance uses sev
e offset of PH
ar products
ight be lowe
cur or the cali
eoFrance rada
mparison (on
ves an offset
er however h
the 15% offs
ance does not
ously used a
the measure
y into the wa
all and the sm
tioned that th
dar estimates
ainGain partn
of the reflect
measurement
euven case, th
adar in Paris, t
ondon case, t
ainGain projec
ngton stated
tioned that fo
al workshop o
terrain on t
r experts tha
idered within
ostly uses th
he polarimet
veral of the ra
IDp, which giv
improves if t
er. That is wh
ibration is fou
ar team uses
n a monthly b
of 15% in th
as to be cali
set in rainfal
t use the abso
black box sy
ements and t
ave guide, w
mall spatial res
he use of disd
. There is how
ners, TU Delft
tivity and the
ts allow for a
he location w
the manufact
the C‐band ra
ct.
that the ord
or X‐band, thi
on fine‐scale r
he ability to
at there is no
n the scope of
e techniques
ric variable ZD
adar checks d
es an overall
the calibratio
hy MeteoFran
und to have a
radar to rada
basis). The st
he rainfall est
ibrated more
ll estimates.
olute value of
ystem to cali
the expected
hich allows f
solution, the t
drometers (o
wever no ope
t (their opera
e calibration
more accurat
was based on c
turer will incl
adars of the
der of magnit
s may even b
rainfall estima
8
o correctly m
influence of
f this project.
s described b
Dr by the drop
iscussed befo
good check o
on of the pol
nce switches
a significant o
ar compariso
tability on the
timates deriv
e carefully, si
This is found
f ZDr.
brate their X
d results. The
or a better c
time average
r a network o
erational netw
ational X‐band
in total. The
te suppressio
clutter tests.
ude the softw
MetOffice ar
tude for the a
be an order of
ation
measure the
f the terrain o
.
before, as w
plet shape.
ore, such as a
of the perform
larimetric mo
back to sing
offset.
on to check th
e calibration
ved from the
nce a stabilit
d to be not
X‐band radar,
ey now howe
calibration. Be
es are still a b
of disdromete
work of disdro
d radar at the
dual polariz
on of clutter, w
ware for the e
re already op
attenuation a
f magnitude h
reflectivity is
on the electr
well as a vert
a vertical scan
mance of the
oments is go
gle polarizatio
he performan
is found to b
e radar meas
ty of +/‐ 0.2d
operationally
, based on a
ever feed an
ecause of the
it problemati
ers) could giv
ometers avail
e Cabauw sit
zation in com
while keeping
electronic cal
erational and
at C band is
higher.
s questioned
ronic calibrati
tical scan (ev
n for ZDr. The
e radar. The q
ood, otherwis
on if some ki
nce and also r
be around +/
surements. Th
dB is necessa
y maintainab
statistical re
n exact amou
e moving spe
c.
ve an extra be
lable.
e) now uses
mbination wit
g the rain sign
ibration.
d will be upg
about 1dB/k
. It is
ion of
very 5
y also
quality
se the
ind of
radar‐
/‐1dB,
he ZDr
ary to
ble, so
lation
unt of
eed of
enefit
KDP as
th the
nal.
raded
m, he
Minutes –16 April 2
For the co
than the c
The possi
reflectivit
used Z‐R r
The polar
the softw
The RMI
technique
and S‐ban
MeteoFra
temperat
Other tec
Remco Ui
radars. Th
This algo
reflectivit
attenuatio
clutter po
Hidde Lei
attenuatio
Pierre Tab
radar. 40d
Niels Eina
wet radom
It is ment
content is
– Internationa012
orrection of th
conventional
ble influence
y with the he
relation is als
imetric variab
are. New soft
uses radar
e is also used
nd radars (use
ance also use
ure and drop
hniques that
ijlenhoet (fro
his is an atten
orithm is sen
y. The meth
on. This backw
oint.
ijnse (of the
on.
bari (from Me
dBZ of reflect
ar Jensen (DH
me attenuatio
tioned by the
s totally lost. T
al workshop o
he attenuatio
methods for
of the vertic
eight, etc) is
o not checke
ble KDp is no
tware is being
composites
d by the othe
ed by MeteoF
es the param
size distribut
were propos
om Wagening
nuation corre
nsitive to nu
hod can also
ward method
KNMI) ment
eteoFrance) u
tivity above th
HI) compares
on could be li
e radar exper
This could po
on fine‐scale r
on, the MetOf
single polariz
cal structure (
not accounte
d. This could
t directly use
g developed a
from differe
er meteorolo
France), since
meter PHIDp fo
tion is accoun
sed by the par
gen University
ection metho
umerical inst
o be applied
d is more stab
tions that th
uses the refle
he radar caus
the total sign
imited by put
rts that if the
ossibly limit th
rainfall estima
9
ffice uses the
zation radars
(such as the b
ed for in this
influence the
ed in the atte
at the mome
ent radars w
gical offices.
e S‐band rada
or the attenu
nted for.
rticipating rad
y) uses the H
od based on a
tabilities and
on fixed clu
ble but its per
his backward
ctivity of the
ses an attenua
nal loss to the
tting some so
e received ra
he range of th
ation
e parameter P
.
bright band p
s processing a
e results.
nuation corre
nt.
when one is
The compar
rs are less pr
uation correc
dar experts a
Hitchveld‐Bord
a reflectivity
d its perform
utter points
rformance de
method can
first gate as
ation of 6dB.
e S‐band rada
ort of roof ove
adar signal fa
he X‐band rad
PHIDp, which g
phenomena, t
algorithm. Th
ection due to
affected by
rison could al
one to suffer
ction, where
re:
den algorithm
– specific att
mance depen
for the tota
epends on the
n also correc
a proxy for th
ar signal and
er the radome
alls back to th
dars for extre
gives better r
the drop off o
he influence o
o malfunction
attenuation
lso be betwe
r from attenua
the impact o
m for conven
tenuation rel
nds on the
al path integ
e reflectivity o
ct for wet ra
he rainfall ove
mentions tha
e of the radar
he noise leve
eme events.
esults
of the
of the
ing of
. This
een C‐
ation.
of the
tional
ation.
initial
grated
of the
dome
er the
at the
r.
el, the
Minutes –16 April 2
Worksho
Herman H
observatio
with signa
1km. From
The temp
As mentio
resolution
that a spe
MeteoFra
temporal
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may fall s
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image wit
mentione
function
copying o
Hidde Leij
radar at I
also at C‐
removal, w
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no signific
Pierre Tab
the use of
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gauges an
signal.
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David Mc
– Internationa012
op Topic 2: X‐
Husschenberg
ons. The com
al extinction
m the compa
oral resolutio
oned under
n is a functio
ecially dedicat
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resolution of
tion is still wh
omewhere el
MetOffice will
th their C‐ba
ed before. Th
of the energ
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DRA (single p
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wet radome a
ence of the
gen Universit
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bary (from M
f KDp, (not at l
aksimovic me
nd that for th
ioned that th
Laughlin of th
al workshop o
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g (of TU Delf
mparison show
due to atten
rison, it can b
on at X‐band
topic 1, the
n of the use
ted scan coul
downscaling
f 1 minute (ou
here exactly t
lse because o
try to adapt t
nd radars. Th
e pulse lengt
gy in the pul
uds on severa
e KNMI gave s
polarization) g
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attenuation a
atmospheri
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ons.
MeteoFrance)
low levels). T
entions that t
he gauges, it
e rainfall stat
he CASA proje
on fine‐scale r
s C‐band per
ft) shows a co
ws a more de
nuation. The
be clearly sho
is 1 minute, a
resolution o
d pulse lengt
d be used to
method with
ut of estimate
he rain will fa
of wind effect
their scanning
his can be do
th must how
se. The temp
al locations.
some figures
gives an unde
nderestimatio
and different
c conditions
orrelate the Z
shows the b
he polarimet
the radar sign
would be be
tistics are usu
ect also gave
rainfall estima
10
formance: e
omparison, f
etailed image
spatial resolu
own that ther
at C‐band 5 m
of the radar
th and the be
scan the area
h advection f
es with a 5 m
all. The rain m
s.
g schemes an
one by chang
ever not bec
poral resolut
on the perfo
erestimation
on. However,
Z‐R relation)
is not inve
Z‐R relationsh
benefits of X‐b
ric variable ZD
nal should be
etter to use
ually still base
a presentatio
ation
experiences
for the same
e at X‐band, b
ution at X‐ba
re is high var
minutes.
is not a fun
eam width. F
a close to the
fields to pro
inute resolut
measured wit
nd radar prop
ging the beam
come too sho
tion could ho
rmance of dif
of 30‐35% af
, after correc
the C‐band w
estigated by
hip to the atm
band radar fo
Dr is not teste
e accumulate
a network o
ed on the rain
on about pha
event, of X‐
but sometime
and is 30 x 30
iability within
nction of the
For a C‐band
e radar with a
oduce rainfall
tion).
hin the 30m
perties to get
m width or th
ort, because
owever give
fferent radar
fter attenuati
ctions (new c
works rather w
the KNMI.
mospheric co
or rain rate e
ed due to stab
ed before com
f gauges to c
n gauge inform
se array rada
and C‐band
es there are
0m; at C‐ban
n the 1 x 1km
e wavelength
radar, this m
a finer resolut
l estimates w
resolution gr
a super reso
he pulse leng
the sensitivit
errors due t
types. The X
ion correction
calibration, c
well.
Remko Uijlen
nditions but f
estimations t
bility issues.
mparison wit
create a rada
mation.
ars.
radar
zones
nd 1 x
m grid.
h. The
means
tion.
with a
id cell
lution
gth, as
ty is a
to the
‐band
n. But
clutter
nhoet
found
rough
h rain
ar like
Minutes –16 April 2
Worksho
experien
Søren Th
radar) wit
not so acc
For the Le
possibly d
Through t
online inc
processin
The RMI c
have conc
the simple
The adde
and the s
reliable at
Radar ‐ ga
All the oth
The idea
observabl
different
The KNM
This gives
to form a
The use o
suggested
For these
linear rela
mostly fre
attenuatio
Rainfall e
combined
– Internationa012
op Topic 3: I
ces
orndahl (Aar
th the DHI’s C
curate.
euven case, t
due to the diff
the OPERA re
cluding infor
g chain will a
compared a n
cluded that f
e kriging met
d value of th
signal is com
t the coarser
auge merging
her correction
is proposed
le rainfall int
radar sources
I applies a M
s good results
spatially corr
of microwave
d as an extra d
microwave
ation betwee
ee of clutter.
on maps for t
estimates can
d, especially f
al workshop o
ntegration o
rhus Universi
C‐band radar
the LAWR‐CR
ferent hardw
esearch proje
rmation on t
lso be an out
number of ra
for their stud
hod, the qua
e C‐band is c
pletely lost.
scale.
g should alwa
n mechanism
to generate
ensity is show
s.
Mean Field Bia
s. They also in
rected compo
e links (20‐40
data source f
links, the atte
en the attenu
These can th
the X‐band ra
n be made b
or low rainfal
on fine‐scale r
of X‐band, C
ity) compare
for the Veijle
radar (also a
ware in the tw
ect, network d
the quality o
tcome of the
dar gauge m
dy, the kriging
lity of the gau
clear when th
However, the
ys be the last
ms should be a
e minimal ra
wn. This give
as based on 3
ntegrate othe
osite.
0GHz, mostly
for rainfall est
enuation cou
uation and th
hus be used a
adar.
based on Z o
ll rates. For h
rainfall estima
11
C‐band and r
d some resu
e municipality
an X‐band ad
wo models.
details on the
of the rainfal
OPERA projec
erging techni
g method (in
uge data is cr
he X‐band rad
e C‐band rad
t step in the c
applied first.
infall detecti
es an idea of
3h accumulat
er data source
y 3‐4km leng
timation in ur
uld be used a
he rainfall rat
as an extra d
or ZDr separa
igh rainfall ra
ation
rain gauge m
ults of the X
y. The results
apted marine
e operationa
ll products. T
ct.
iques, includi
ncluding exte
ritical.
dar signal suf
dar volume in
chain to achie
ion maps, be
the quality o
tions before
es by gauge c
gth, used for
rban areas.
a proxy for th
te. These link
ata source of
ately. It is ho
ates, the use o
measuremen
X‐band LAWR
s of the X‐ban
e radar), the
l weather rad
The ideal ra
ing geostatist
rnal drift) pr
ffers from ext
nformation is
eve fine scale
eing maps w
of the data b
merging thei
comparison a
cell phone c
he rainfall rat
ks are close t
f rainfall estim
owever bette
of KDp gives th
nts: methods
R (adapted m
nd LAWR rada
results are b
dars will be p
dar measure
tical methods
reformed bes
treme attenu
s not always
rainfall estim
where the mi
efore mergin
r 2 C‐band ra
and bias corre
communicati
te, since ther
to the ground
mation or cre
er to use the
he best result
s and
marine
ar are
better,
placed
ement
s, and
st. For
uation
more
mates.
inimal
ng the
adars.
ection
on) is
re is a
d and
eating
e two
ts.
Minutes –16 April 2
There is a
adapted).
Topic 4: F
Patrick W
main item
“guidelin
main fin
documen
El
R
R
R
– Internationa012
always the po
These go do
Fine‐scale ra
Willems initia
ms discussed
es” on “fine
ndings/recom
nt:
lectronic rada
aw radar sign
o Noise
o Clutte
o Attenu
o Volum
adar scanning
o beam
o speed/
o pulse l
ainfall estima
o Based
o Errors
o Depen
o Influen
o Use of
o But: m
on inte
al workshop o
ossibility of st
wn to 10m in
infall estima
ted the final
d during the
‐scale rainfa
mmendations
ar calibration
nal correction
cutoff
r removal
uation correct
me / vertical p
g strategy:
width/resolu
/frequency:
slower: mo
quicker: fas
length
ation:
on:
Reflectivity
Differential
Differential
when R is h
Drop size d
due to highly
Electronic s
Detection r
Anomaly ec
ndence on atm
nce of radom
f disdrometer
more understa
eraction of hy
on fine‐scale r
ataistical/sto
n spatial and 2
ation: recom
l discussion a
workshop, w
ll estimation
s. The follo
(incl. electro
ns:
tion
rofile correct
tion
ore accurate
st moving, ch
y (Z)
l reflectivity (
l phase (KDP)
high
istribution (D
y non‐linear p
stability radar
range, ground
choes
mospheric co
e
r
anding neede
ydrometeors
rainfall estima
12
chastic down
20 seconds in
mendations
and conclude
which will fo
n” that will b
owing outlin
onic stability)
tion (e.g. over
anging conve
ZDR): better
): to estimate
DSD)
physics of rad
r
d clutter, bloc
nditions (rain
d on mechan
and radar wa
ation
nscaling (both
n time resolut
and guidelin
ed the work
orm the main
be prepared
ned was p
r/undershoot
ective storms
relationship w
e attenuation,
dar detection
ckage
n regimes, win
nism of cloud
aves
h space and t
tion
nes
kshop with an
n topics to b
after the w
roposed for
ting)
better captu
with DSD
, strong KDP –
of precipitati
nd, humidity,
dynamics an
time resolutio
n overview o
be included i
workshop, an
r the guide
red
– R relationsh
ion:
, temperature
d microphysi
on are
of the
n the
d the
elines
hip
e, …)
cs,
Minutes –16 April 2
D
G
Fi
It was agr
‐ P
es
a
u
b
h
d
ex
fo
– Internationa012
ifferences in
o Dual p
o Fine ve
round truthin
o First co
gauges
o Take r
o Grid‐sc
(e.g. k
o Downs
o Static v
o Use of
ine‐scale rain
o Integra
o Integra
variab
o Severa
extern
o Scale d
o Stocha
reed that KU
reparation o
stimation. It
lready availa
se of fine‐sc
ridge the
ydrology/dra
ocument wil
xperts (who
or their sugg
al workshop o
types of rada
pol versus sim
ersus coarser
X‐band
C‐band: hig
But: what i
resolution?
ng / adjustme
orrection for
s
ain gauge un
cale versus po
riging)
scaling / upsc
versus dynam
f sewer obser
fall estimatio
ation of all so
ation rainfall
le)
al integration
nal drift) / Kal
dependent va
astic downsca
Leuven wou
of a review
t was agreed
ble from oth
cale rainfall
gap betwe
ainage/flood
l be sent by
expressed th
gestions. Afte
on fine‐scale r
ar technology
mple‐pol
r resolution
gh resolution
s preferred: i
?? (urban hyd
ent:
different typ
certainty into
oint scale: co
caling (spatial
mic adjustmen
rvations?
on:
ources: C‐ban
products req
methods exi
man filter
ariability need
aling methods
uld initiate th
document
d that the r
her regional r
data for urb
en the ex
manageme
e‐mail shortl
heir interest
er KU Leuven
rainfall estima
13
y:
possible (incr
ncrease reso
rology applic
es of radar “e
o account (5‐2
mparison at p
interpolation
nt methods
d radar, X‐ba
quires quality
st: mean field
ds to be cons
s (scaling law
he following t
on method
review docum
radar project
ban hydrolog
pertise field
ent and co
ly after the w
in the work
n (Laurens C
ation
rease scan sp
lution or incr
cation driven)
errors” before
20% dependi
point scale or
n) needed
and radar, rain
of data to be
d bias / Brand
idered
ws, fractal theo
two short‐te
ds and expe
ment should
ts such as OP
gical applicat
ds of rada
ntrol. A dr
workshop and
kshop, but co
Cas Decloedt
peed, sharpen
rease accurac
)
e adjustment
ng on type of
r grid scale /
n gauges, eve
e considered (
des correction
ory)
erm actions:
eriences in f
d not repeat
PERA, but sh
tions. The d
ar meteoro
raft outline
d participant
ould not atte
t, Patrick Wil
n beam)
y same
t based on rai
f precipitation
urban area sc
en microwave
(is time and s
n / kriging (w
fine‐scale ra
t material th
hould focus o
ocument aim
logy and u
for the re
ts and other
end) will be a
llems) prepa
in
n)
cale?
e links
space
ith
ainfall
hat is
on the
ms to
urban
eview
radar
asked
ared a
Minutes –16 April 2
d
u
‐ T
co
w
sl
The dead
Radar vis
On 18 Ap
RainGain
flood con
Attached
‐ A
‐ Li
– Internationa012
raft of the r
nder co‐auth
he workshop
oordinator f
whether they
ides or apply
dline for thes
sit
pril in the mo
project had
ntrol center o
d
Announcemen
ist of particip
al workshop o
eview docum
horship of the
p presentati
for uploadin
agree with t
y any form of
e two short‐t
orning (9:00
the chance
of the Flemis
nt and progr
pants + signa
on fine‐scale r
ment, it will
e document.
ons will be
ng on the R
this for their
f protection
term actions
– 11:00) the
to visit the
h Environme
amme of the
tures
rainfall estima
14
be circulate
.
collected an
RainGain we
presentation
to the pdf.
s was set at F
participants
Leuven rada
ent Agency (V
e workshop
ation
d for review
nd send to t
bsite. All pr
n, or whethe
Friday 27 Apr
s to the work
r (9:00 – 10:
VMM) at Leu
w and additio
the RainGain
resenters w
er they prefe
ril 2012.
kshop and th
:00) followed
ven (10:00 –
onal contribu
n communic
well be requ
r to remove
he partners o
d by a visit t
– 11:00).
utions
cation
ested
some
of the
to the
RAINGAIN International Workshop, Leuven, 16 April 2012 General aim of the workshop Discuss among the scientific project partners and international experts methods and experiences, and prepare guidelines for radar calibration and fine-scale rainfall estimation Programme (chair: P.Willems) 9:00 – 9:30 Arrival and coffee 9:30 – 10:00 Welcome and introduction 10:00 – 11:30 X-band and C-band radar calibration : methods and experiences 11:30 – 12:00 Break 12:00 – 13:00 X-band versus C-band performance : experiences 13:00 – 14:00 Lunch 14:00 – 15:30 Integration of X-band, C-band and rain gauge measurements
: methods and experiences 15:30 – 16:00 Break 16:00 – 17:00 Fine-scale rainfall estimation : recommendations and guidelines 19:00 – 21:30 Dinner
Contributions will be prepared by :
o Laurent Delobbe & Maarten Reyniers, KMI: experiences from Belgium o Hidde Leijnse, KNMI: experiences from The Netherlands o Pierre Tabary, Meteo France: experiences from France o Timothy Darlington, UK Met Office : super-resolution C-band data UK o Søren Liedtke Thorndahl, Aalborg University: experiences from Denmark with X-band o David McLaughlin, Univ. of Massachusetts at Amherst, USA: CASA X-band radar
project o Cas Decloedt, KU Leuven: first experiences with the Leuven X-band radar o Other scientific project partners o Niels Einar, DHI o Siao Sun, INSA lyon
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