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Rye Grass
• What do you know about rye grass?
• How many kinds of rye grass are there?
• Where is it grown?
• Why is rye grass important?
Where did Ryegrass come from?
• Ryegrasses were brought to the USA from Europe and are now planted and grown throughout the country.
Plant Characteristics
• Growth Type- bunch• Texture- Coarse• Density- Medium to poor• Color- light green
Uses for Ryegrass
• Uses• 1. Grain 30-40%• 2. Hay• 3. Pasture• 4. Cover Crop
• Grain Uses• 1. Flour• 2. Alcohol• 3. Seed• 4. Livestock Feed
More Uses
• Temporary cover
• Nurse grass
• Pasture
• Silage and Green chop
• Erosion Control
• Wildlife cover feed
Diseases • Less subject to disease due to its hardiness
• Ergot is most common disease
• Ergot- A kernel is replaced with black or purple fungus called sclerotia
• Leaf spot, barley yellow dwarf virus
• No insect problems are unique to annual ryegrass. Grass grub is an important pest of ryegrass.
• In the Southeastern pets ryegrass seedlings are attacked by mole crickets and fall armyworms
Adaptation
• Sun/ Shade- sun to moderate shade
• Soil- medium to heavy
• Moisture- medium to wet
• Good with irrigated farming on well-drained land
Adaptation
• Annual ryegrass is best adapted to cool, moist climates
• In the milder regions of its adaptation zone, annual ryegrass can survive for several years. In the more extreme environments, it behaves as an annual.
• Annual ryegrass grows best on fertile, well-drained soils, but has a wide range of soil adaptability
Conditions for Growing• Annual ryegrass grows best on fertile, well-
drained soils, but has a wide range of soil adaptability.
• Annual ryegrass is tolerant of long periods of continuous flooding—15 to 20 days when temperatures are below 81°F (27°C).
Perennial Vs. Annual
• Perennial requires a dormancy period of cool temperatures before it flowers--they also flower in late spring
• Annual can be grown in more places than Perennial ryegrass.
Facts
• There are nearly 3 million acres of annual ryegrass in the United States, with about 90 percent used for winter pasture in the southeast.
• Annual ryegrass produces some of the highest quality pasture that can be grown in the southeastern United States.
Advantages- Disadvantages
• Advantages-
• very good quality possible
• easy to establish
• rapid growth rate
• Disadvantages-
• poor drought and heat tolerance
• not well suited to poorly drained soils