Rule 5 - Look-out

Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper look-out by sight and hearing as well as by all available means appropriate in the prevailing circumstances and conditions so as to make a full appraisal of the situation and of the risk of collision.

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Rule 5 - Look-out ! Key words

Every vessel At all times

By day, at night, restricted visibility, etc. Proper look-out

By sight, hearing, all available means Full appraisal

Of situation, of risk of collision 2

Rule 5 - Look-out ! Every Vessel

Large vessels, small vessels, power driven vessels, sailing vessels, vessels NUC, vessels restricted in their ability to maneuver, deep draught vessels, pilot vessels, vessels at anchor, vessels aground, etc.

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Rule 5 - Look-out

! At all times

By day, at night, in restricted visibility (ice, smoke, storm, etc.

Never leave the bridge unless properly

relieved

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Rule 5 - Look-out

By Day

At all Times

The OOW may be the only person on the bridge provided he can call for immediate assistance

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Rule 5 - Look-out At all Times

At Night

At night the OOW should be assisted by at least one look-out man

When on automatic pilot, the course must be regularly checked

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Rule 5 - Look-out

At all Times In Restricted visibility

In restricted visibility one or two look-out man should be posted where deemed necessary and a helmsman should steer the vessel

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Rule 5 - Look-out

At all Times Also means:

In open seas (when apparently no other vessels or hazards are observed), in congested waters, rivers, canals, near harbours, ., when at anchor, NUC, dredging, fishing, ., in heavy weather, etc.

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In all these circumstances the watch should be adequately increased 8

Rule 5 - Look-out At all Times

Never leave the bridge unattended unless properly relieved

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Rule 5 - Look-out At all Times

Do not undertake administrative work (or similar) in the chartroom. Perform only navigational work

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Rule 5 - Look-out

At all Times

Do not get distracted

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Rule 5 - Look-out

! Proper look-out

By sight By hearing By all available means appropriate

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Rule 5 - Look-out

Proper look-out

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By Sight - Vision

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Rule 5 - Look-out

Proper look-out

By Sight - Binoculars

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The OOW must instruct the look-out man on what he should report. Examples: any light, vessels, floating objects, sound signals in restricted visibility or near manoeuvring vessels, etc. 14

Rule 5 - Look-out

Proper look-out

By Hearing Whistle

Bell

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Rule 5 - Look-out

Proper look-out

Fatigue

Do not fall asleep on the bridge

Most accidents at sea are caused by bad look-out or fatigue

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Rule 5 - Look-out

Relieving the watch

When relieving the watch the OOW and the look-out man should assure themselves that their relieve is well acquainted with the situation

Many accidents happened because the watch has been unsatisfactorily or too hastily relieved

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Rule 5 - Look-out

Where to post the look-out men

It entirely depends on the circumstances and situation at the time

He should preferably be posted outdoors

In restricted visibility and if safe, he should be posted on the forecastle head

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Rule 5 - Look-out

Duties of the look-out man Report any light Report any vessel Report any floating object Report any sound signal (especially in restricted

visibility) If necessary, use binoculars

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Rule 5 - Look-out

By all available means appropriate

Radar, AIS Radar and sight Radar and hearing VHF

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Rule 5 - Look-out All available means appropriate

Use of radar

In clear visibility In restricted visibility In operation or on standby In congested waters A proper lookout is still compulsory Must be properly adjusted Careful choice of scale range Good choice of mode display

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Rule 5 - Look-out

Use of AIS

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There is no provision in the Collision Regulations for the use of AIS information. Therefore, decisions should be taken based primarily on visual and/or radar information

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Rule 5 - Look-out

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AIS Data

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Rule 5 - Look-out

Use of VHF

VHF as a means of collision avoidance should be used with uppermost caution.

Although the use of VHF radio may be justified on occasion as a collision avoidance aid, the provisions of the Collision Regulations should remain uppermost

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Rule 5 - Look-out Follow all instructions given by STCW and other official bodies (ICS Bridge Procedures Guide, Maritime and Coastguard Agency, etc.)

www.marineworksltd.com www.marisec.org

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Rule 5 - Look-out ! Full appraisal of the situation Fitness for duty

The watch may not be impaired by fatigue

Watch keepers must be sufficiently rested prior to taking over the watch

A safe navigational watch must be maintained at all times by appropriately qualified and rested personnel in all foreseeable circumstances

If regulations cannot be met, the vessel should be brought to or should remain in a safe place (e.g. at anchor or in a harbour)

DO NOT FALL ASLEEP DURING YOUR WATCH

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Rule 5 - Look-out ! Full appraisal of the situation

Fitness for duty

Be at all time free from alcohol, drugs or any prescription drugs that may impair your judgment

Stay alert at all time by moving around and ventilating the bridge

Do not forget that the risk of falling asleep is much greater when you are on watch in a hot and closed-up bridge, especially in the winter

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Rule 5 - Look-out Full appraisal of the situation

Risk of Collision

Observe all vessels Keep an eye on own ship Verify nautical instruments Check the course (especially with auto pilot)

Be particularly vigilant when: Meeting a vessel end on Overtaking another vessel

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Rule 5 - Look-out Full appraisal of the situation

Performing the navigational watch

LOOK AHEAD

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Rule 5 - Look-out Full appraisal of the situation

Performing the navigational watch

Look on the starboard side

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Rule 5 - Look-out Full appraisal of the situation

Performing the navigational watch Look on the port side

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Rule 5 - Look-out Full appraisal of the situation

Performing the navigational watch Look behind the vessel

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Rule 5 - Look-out Full appraisal of the situation

Performing the navigational watch

In case of doubt call the master

The Master must be on the bridge in all special circumstance :

Restricted visibility Bad weather Heavy traffic Entering or leaving a harbour Etc.

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Rule 5 - Look-out Full appraisal of the situation

Performing the navigational watch Maintain a proper look-out even when the pilot is on board

Rule 5 - Look-out Full appraisal of the situation Performing the navigational watch

If necessary, use a qualified helmsman

The helmsman should not perform the duties of the look-out man

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Rule 5 - Look-out Full appraisal of the situation Performing the navigational watch

Do not get distracted on the bridge by

Domestic radios Recorders (CD, MP3, ) Personal computers TV Mobile phones Visits Etc.

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Rule 5 - Look-out Full appraisal of the situation

Performing the navigational watch

Check your position regularly Look for hazards on the chart (buoys, rocks, shallow, etc.) which may form an impediment if a sudden action is necessary to avoid a collision

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Rule 5 - Look-out Full appraisal of the situation

Performing the navigational watch

Never trust and/or rely on the action or reaction of another vessel

According to his experience, every OOW has his own understanding of :

Risk of collision Limitations of own vessel or vessel (s) sighted The development of a close quarters situation Etc. en.wilkipedia.org 38

Rule 5 - Look-out

! Duties of the officer of the watch Observe all vessels Ascertain the risk of collision Keep an eye on your own ship

! Verify nautical instruments ! Check the course (especially with auto pilot)

Be particularly vigilant when: ! Meeting a vessel end on ! Overtaking another vessel

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Rule 5 - Look-out ! Duties of the officer of the watch

Continue to be responsible despite: ! The presence of the Master (unless he takes over) ! The presence of a pilot

If in doubt of pilots actions, seek clarification If still in doubt, notify Master and take

whatever action until Master arrives

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Rule 5 - Look-out Be able to switch to hand steering at all times Use the radar whenever necessary Check vessels position, course and speed

regularly Take fixes at regular intervals Use appropriate and corrected charts

Duties of the officer of the watch

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Rule 5 - Look-out Vessel at anchor

Determine and plot vessels position Check if vessel is remaining at anchor Have a proper look-out Make inspection rounds periodically

Observe: Meteorological conditions Tidal conditions State of sea

Notify Master and take measures if anchor drags

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Rule 5 - Look-out

Vessel at anchor Ensure that main engines and other machinery are always ready Ensure that proper lights are exhibited Ensure that proper shapes are exhibited Ensure that proper sound signals are made Avoid placing reliance on guard zones when using radar in lieu of a look-out

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