RTN 905 1E_2E V100R007C00 Product Description

OptiX RTN 905 1E/2E Radio Transmission SystemV100R007C00

Product Description

Issue 01Date 2014-04-30

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2014. All rights reserved.No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior writtenconsent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Trademarks and Permissions

and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective holders. NoticeThe purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and thecustomer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be within thepurchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements, information,and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or representationsof any kind, either express or implied.

The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in thepreparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, andrecommendations in this document do not constitute a warranty of any kind, express or implied. Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.Address: Huawei Industrial Base

Bantian, LonggangShenzhen 518129People's Republic of China

Website: http://www.huawei.comEmail: [email protected]

Issue 01 (2014-04-30) Huawei Proprietary and ConfidentialCopyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

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About This Document

Related VersionsThe following table lists the product versions related to this document.

Product Name VersionOptiX RTN 905 V100R007C00iManager U2000 V200R014C50

Intended AudienceThis document is intended for network planning engineers.Familiarity with the basic knowledge related to digital microwave communication technologywill help you apply the information in this document.

Symbol ConventionsThe symbols that may be found in this document are defined as follows.

Symbol Description

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OptiX RTN 905 1E/2E Radio Transmission SystemProduct Description About This Document


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Symbol DescriptionIndicates a potentially hazardous situationwhich, if not avoided, could result inequipment damage, data loss, performancedeterioration, or unanticipated results.NOTICE is used to address practices notrelated to personal injury.

Calls attention to important information, bestpractices and tips.NOTE is used to address information notrelated to personal injury, equipment damage,and environment deterioration.

General ConventionsThe general conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows.

Convention DescriptionTimes New Roman Normal paragraphs are in Times New Roman.Boldface Names of files, directories, folders, and users are in

boldface. For example, log in as user root.Italic Book titles are in italics.Courier New Examples of information displayed on the screen are in

Courier New.

Update HistoryUpdates between document issues are cumulative. Therefore, the latest document issue containsall updates made in previous issues.

Updates in Issue 01 (2014-04-30) Based on Product Version V100R007C00This document is the first release for the V100R007C00 product version.

OptiX RTN 905 1E/2E Radio Transmission SystemProduct Description About This Document


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Contents

About This Document.....................................................................................................................ii1 Introduction....................................................................................................................................11.1 Network Application......................................................................................................................................................21.2 Components....................................................................................................................................................................42 Functions and Features.................................................................................................................92.1 Microwave Types.........................................................................................................................................................112.1.1 Integrated IP Microwave...........................................................................................................................................112.1.2 SDH Microwave........................................................................................................................................................112.2 Modulation Strategy.....................................................................................................................................................122.2.1 Fixed Modulation......................................................................................................................................................122.2.2 Adaptive Modulation.................................................................................................................................................122.3 RF Configuration Modes..............................................................................................................................................152.4 Cross-Polarization Interference Cancellation...............................................................................................................152.5 Automatic Transmit Power Control.............................................................................................................................162.6 Capacity........................................................................................................................................................................162.6.1 Air Interface Capacity...............................................................................................................................................162.6.2 Cross-Connect Capacity............................................................................................................................................172.6.3 Switching Capacity....................................................................................................................................................172.7 Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................................172.7.1 Service Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................172.7.2 Management and Auxiliary Ports..............................................................................................................................182.8 MPLS/PWE3 Functions...............................................................................................................................................192.9 Ethernet Service Processing Capability........................................................................................................................212.10 QoS.............................................................................................................................................................................232.11 Clock Features............................................................................................................................................................252.12 Protection Capability..................................................................................................................................................272.13 Network Management................................................................................................................................................272.14 Easy Installation.........................................................................................................................................................292.15 Easy Maintenance.......................................................................................................................................................292.15.1 Equipment-level OAM............................................................................................................................................292.15.2 Packet Services OAM (TP-Assist)..........................................................................................................................312.16 Security Management.................................................................................................................................................33

OptiX RTN 905 1E/2E Radio Transmission SystemProduct Description Contents


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2.17 Energy Saving.............................................................................................................................................................352.18 Environmental Protection...........................................................................................................................................353 Product Structure.........................................................................................................................363.1 System Architecture.....................................................................................................................................................373.2 Hardware Structure.......................................................................................................................................................383.2.1 IDU 905 1E/2E..........................................................................................................................................................383.2.2 ODU...........................................................................................................................................................................413.3 Software Structure........................................................................................................................................................433.4 Service Signal Processing Flow...................................................................................................................................443.4.1 Integrated IP radio.....................................................................................................................................................443.4.2 SDH Microwave........................................................................................................................................................463.4.3 Packet Microwave.....................................................................................................................................................494 Networking and Applications..................................................................................................524.1 Basic Network Topologies...........................................................................................................................................534.1.1 Point-to-Point Networking........................................................................................................................................534.1.2 Chain Networking......................................................................................................................................................544.1.3 Ring Networking.......................................................................................................................................................544.2 NE Cascading...............................................................................................................................................................554.2.1 Radio Link Direction Extension................................................................................................................................554.2.2 Radio Link-related Feature Enhancement (RTN 905 1E).........................................................................................574.2.3 Radio Link-related Feature Enhancement (RTN 905 2E).........................................................................................604.3 Networking with the OptiX RTN 310/380...................................................................................................................624.4 Feature Application (MPLS Packet Service)................................................................................................................634.4.1 CES Services.............................................................................................................................................................634.4.2 Ethernet Services.......................................................................................................................................................665 Network Management System..................................................................................................705.1 Network Management Solution....................................................................................................................................715.2 Web LCT......................................................................................................................................................................715.3 U2000...........................................................................................................................................................................736 Technical Specifications.............................................................................................................766.1 RF Performance............................................................................................................................................................776.1.1 Microwave Work Modes...........................................................................................................................................776.1.1.1 IF Running Modes and Microwave Work Modes..................................................................................................776.1.1.2 Microwave Work Modes (IS3 Running Mode)......................................................................................................796.1.1.3 Microwave Work Modes (IS2 Running Mode)......................................................................................................876.1.1.4 Throughput of an EPLA Group..............................................................................................................................926.1.2 Frequency Band.........................................................................................................................................................936.1.3 Receiver Sensitivity...................................................................................................................................................976.1.3.1 Receiver Sensitivity (IS3-mode)............................................................................................................................976.1.3.2 Receiver Sensitivity (IS2-mode)..........................................................................................................................114



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6.1.4 Transceiver Performance.........................................................................................................................................1246.1.5 IF Performance........................................................................................................................................................1346.1.6 Baseband Signal Processing Performance of the Modem.......................................................................................1346.2 Predicted Equipment Reliability.................................................................................................................................1356.2.1 Predicted Component Reliability.............................................................................................................................1356.2.2 Predicted Link Reliability........................................................................................................................................1356.3 Interface Performance.................................................................................................................................................1366.3.1 SDH Interface Performance.....................................................................................................................................1366.3.2 E1 Interface Performance........................................................................................................................................1376.3.3 Ethernet Interface Performance...............................................................................................................................1386.3.4 Auxiliary Interface Performance.............................................................................................................................1416.4 Clock Timing and Synchronization Performance......................................................................................................1436.5 Integrated System Performance..................................................................................................................................143A Typical Configuration.............................................................................................................146A.1 Typical RF Configuration Modes..............................................................................................................................147B Compliance Standards.............................................................................................................148B.1 ITU-R Standards........................................................................................................................................................149B.2 ETSI Standards..........................................................................................................................................................150B.3 IEC Standards............................................................................................................................................................151B.4 ITU-T Standards........................................................................................................................................................152B.5 IETF Standards..........................................................................................................................................................156B.6 IEEE Standards..........................................................................................................................................................158B.7 MEF Standards...........................................................................................................................................................159B.8 AF Standards..............................................................................................................................................................159B.9 Environmental Standards...........................................................................................................................................160C Glossary......................................................................................................................................163



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1 IntroductionAbout This Chapter

1.1 Network ApplicationThe OptiX RTN 900 is a new generation TDM/Hybrid/Packet integrated microwavetransmission system developed by Huawei. It provides a seamless microwave transmissionsolution for mobile communication network or private networks.1.2 ComponentsThe OptiX RTN 905 adopts a split structure. The system consists of the IDU 905 and the ODU.Each ODU is connected to the IDU 905 through an IF cable.

OptiX RTN 905 1E/2E Radio Transmission SystemProduct Description 1 Introduction


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1.1 Network ApplicationThe OptiX RTN 900 is a new generation TDM/Hybrid/Packet integrated microwavetransmission system developed by Huawei. It provides a seamless microwave transmissionsolution for mobile communication network or private networks.

OptiX RTN 900 Product FamilyThe OptiX RTN 900 series provide a variety of service interfaces and can be installed easily andconfigured flexibly. The OptiX RTN 900 series provide a solution that can integrate TDMmicrowave, Hybrid microwave, and Packet microwave technologies according to thenetworking scheme for the sites, achieving smooth upgrade from TDM microwave to Hybridmicrowave, and from Hybrid microwave to Packet microwave. This solution meets thetransmission requirements of 2G, 3G, and LTE services while also allowing for future networkevolution and convergence.There are five types of OptiX RTN 900 Packet microwave products: OptiX RTN 905, OptiXRTN 910, OptiX RTN 950, OptiX RTN 950A, and OptiX RTN 980. Users can choose the productbest suited for their site.

NOTE

Unless otherwise specified, OptiX RTN 905 mentioned in this document refers to OptiX RTN 905 1E/2E.For details about OptiX RTN 905 1A/2A/1C, see OptiX RTN 905 1A/2A/1C Product Description.The OptiX RTN 910 does not provides V100R006C10 or late version.

Table 1-1 OptiX RTN 900 product familyProduct Name IDU Appearance CharacteristicOptiX RTN 905 l 1 U high IDU.

l Five types of integrated chassis (1A/2A/1C/1E/2E).l One or two microwave links.

OptiX RTN 910 l 1 U high IDU.l Boards pluggable.l Integrated service ports on system control,

switching, and timing boards.l One or two IF boards.

OptiX RTN 950 l 2 U high IDU.l Boards pluggable.l 1+1 protection for system control, switching, and

timing boards.l A maximum of six IF boards.



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Product Name IDU Appearance CharacteristicOptiX RTN 950A l 2 U high IDU.

l Boards pluggable.l Integrated service ports on system control,

switching, and timing boards.l A maximum of six IF boards.

OptiX RTN 980 l 5 U high IDU.l Boards pluggable.l 1+1 protection for system control, switching, and

timing boards.l Integrated service ports on system control,

switching, and timing boards.l A maximum of fourteen IF boards.

OptiX RTN 905The OptiX RTN 905 is access-layer microwave equipment. It can independently construct anetwork or jointly construct a network with the OptiX RTN 910/950/950A/980. Figure 1-1shows the microwave transmission solution provided by the OptiX RTN 905.

NOTE

l In this solution, services accessed by the OptiX RTN 905 can be backhauled by the OptiX RTN 950/950A/980 after being converged at air interfaces, or be directly backhauled by the OptiX RTN 905.

l When three or more microwave directions are required, cascade several sets of the OptiX RTN 905 or usethe OptiX RTN 950/950A/980 that provides more powerful functions and supports more microwavedirections.

Figure 1-1 Microwave transmission solution provided by the OptiX RTN 905

RTN 905 BTSNodeB BSCRNC

FE/GE

E1/STM-1

E1/STM-1

FE/GE

RTN 950/950A/980

RegionalTDM

Network

RegionalPacket

Network



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1.2 ComponentsThe OptiX RTN 905 adopts a split structure. The system consists of the IDU 905 and the ODU.Each ODU is connected to the IDU 905 through an IF cable.

IDU 905The IDU 905 is the indoor unit for an OptiX RTN 905 system. It receives and multiplexesservices, performs service processing and IF processing, and provides the system control andcommunications function.Table 1-2 lists the basic features of the IDU 905.

Table 1-2 Features of the IDU 905Item DescriptionType IDU 905 1E IDU 905 2EChassis height 1UExtended subcard SupportedService interface l 4 x GE electronic interface

l 2 x GE/FE optical interface or GE electrical interface (SFP)l 16 x E1 interfacel 1 x multifunction cascading interfaceal 1 x E1 services cascading interfacel 2 x STM-1 interfaceNOTE

a: IDU 905 1Es can be cascaded through multifunction cascading interfaces to implement 1+1/XPIC/PLA/EPLA function, or transmit E1 services. IDU 905 2Es can be cascaded throughmultifunction cascading interfaces to implement EPLA function, or transmit E1 services.

Radio type l Integrated IP radio (E1 + Ethernet)l Integrated IP radio (STM-1 + Ethernet)l SDH radio

Highest modulation 1024QAMNumber of IF/RF channels 1 2RF configuration mode l 1+0

l 1+1 HSB/FD/SD (NE cascading)l XPIC (NE cascading)

l 2(1+0)l 2+0l 1+1 HSB/FD/SDl XPIC



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Figure 1-2 IDU 905 1E

Figure 1-3 IDU 905 2E

ODUThe ODU is the outdoor unit for the OptiX RTN 900. It converts frequencies and amplifiessignals.The OptiX RTN 900 product series can use the RTN 600 ODU and RTN XMC ODU, coveringthe entire frequency band from 6 GHz to 42 GHz.

NOTE

Unlike the other frequency bands that use 14 MHz, 28 MHz, or 56 MHz channel spacing, the 18 GHzfrequency band uses 13.75 MHz, 27.5 MHz, or 55 MHz channel spacing.

Table 1-3 RTN XMC ODUs that the OptiX RTN 905 supportsItem Description

High-Power ODU LowCapacityODU

ODU type XMC-2 XMC-2H XMC-1Frequencyband

6/7/8/10/10.5/11/13/15/18/23/26/28/32/38/42 GHz

7/8 GHz 7/8/11/13/15/18/23 GHz



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Item DescriptionHigh-Power ODU Low

CapacityODU

Microwavemodulationscheme

QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64QAM/128QAM/256QAM/512QAM/1024QAM(6/10/10.5/11/13/15/18/23/26/28/32/38/42 GHz, 7/8 GHzXMC-2E)QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64QAM/128QAM/256QAM(7/8 GHz Normal)

QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64QAM/128QAM/256QAM/512QAM/1024QAM

QPSK/16QAM

Channelspacing

3.5/7/14/28/40/50/56 MHz(7/8/10/11/13/15/18/23/26/38 GHz)7/14/28/40/56 MHz(6/28/32/42 GHz)3.5/7/14/28 MHz (10.5 GHz)

7/14/28/40/50/56 MHz 3.5/7/14/28MHz

Table 1-4 RTN 600 ODUs that the OptiX RTN 905 supportsItem Description

High-Power ODU Standard Power ODUODU type HP, HPA SP, SPAFrequency band 6/7/8/10/10.5/11/13/15/18/2

3/26/28/32/38 GHz (HP)6/7/8/11/13/15/18/23 GHz(HPA)

7/8/11/13/15/18/23/26/38GHz (SP ODU)6/7/8/11/13/15/18/23 GHz(SPA ODU)

Microwave modulationscheme

QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64QAM/128QAM/256QAM

QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64QAM/128QAM/256QAM

Channel spacing 7/14/28/40/56 MHz(6/7/8/10/11/13/15/18/23/26/28/32/38 GHz)7/14/28 MHz (10.5 GHz)

3.5/7/14/28 MHz

There are two methods for mounting the ODU and the antenna: direct mounting and separatemounting.



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l The direct mounting method is generally adopted when a small- or medium-diameter andsingle-polarized antenna is used. In this situation, if one ODU is configured for one antenna,the ODU is directly mounted at the back of the antenna. If two ODUs are configured forone antenna, an RF signal combiner/splitter (hence referred to as a hybrid coupler) mustbe mounted to connect the ODUs to the antenna. Figure 1-4 illustrates the direct mountingmethod.The direct mounting method can also be adopted when a small- or medium-diameter anddual-polarized antenna is used. Two ODUs are mounted onto an antenna using anorthomode transducer (OMT). The method for installing an OMT is similar to that forinstalling a hybrid coupler.

Figure 1-4 Direct mounting

l The separate mounting method is adopted when a large- or medium-diameter and single-

or dual-polarized antenna is used. Figure 1-5 shows the separate mounting method. In thissituation, a hybrid coupler can be mounted (two ODUs share one feed boom).

Figure 1-5 Separate mounting



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NOTE

The OptiX RTN 905 provides an antenna solution that covers the entire frequency band, and supportssingle-polarized antennas and dual-polarized antennas with diameters of 0.3 m to 3.7 m along with thecorresponding feeder system.



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2 Functions and FeaturesAbout This Chapter

The OptiX RTN 905 provides a wide assortment of functions and features to ensure the qualityand efficiency of service transmission.

2.1 Microwave TypesThe OptiX RTN 905 supports Integrated IP radio microwave and SDH microwave.2.2 Modulation StrategyOptiX RTN 905 supports fixed modulation and adaptive modulation.2.3 RF Configuration ModesThe OptiX RTN 905 supports multiple RF configuration modes.2.4 Cross-Polarization Interference CancellationCross-polarization interference cancellation (XPIC) technology is used together with co-channeldual-polarization (CCDP). The application of the two technologies doubles the wireless linkcapacity over the same channel. The OptiX RTN 905 2E supports XPIC function. The OptiXRTN 905 1E supports XPIC function by means of NE cascading.2.5 Automatic Transmit Power ControlAutomatic transmit power control (ATPC) enables the output power of the transmitter toautomatically trace the level fluctuation at the receive end within the ATPC control range. Thisfeature reduces the interference with neighboring systems and residual BER.2.6 CapacityThe OptiX RTN 905 is a high-capacity device.2.7 InterfacesThe OptiX RTN 905 provides a variety of interfaces.2.8 MPLS/PWE3 FunctionsThe OptiX RTN 905 supports MPLS switching and Ethernet PWE3 function, therefore toimplement packet transmission of carrier-class services.2.9 Ethernet Service Processing CapabilityThe OptiX RTN 905 has powerful Ethernet service processing capability.

OptiX RTN 905 1E/2E Radio Transmission SystemProduct Description 2 Functions and Features


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2.10 QoSThe OptiX RTN 905 provides improved quality of service (QoS) and supports the followingeight types of per-hop behaviors (PHBs): BE, AF1, AF2, AF3, AF4, EF, CS6, and CS7.Therefore, network carriers can offer various QoS levels of service guarantees and buildnetworks that carry data, voice, and video services.2.11 Clock FeaturesThe OptiX RTN 905 supports physical-layer clock synchronization, time synchronization overpacket networks, and IEEE 1588v2 time synchronization, meeting the clock and timesynchronization requirements of mobile networks. In addition, the OptiX RTN 905 provides anadvanced clock protection mechanism.2.12 Protection CapabilityThe OptiX RTN 905 provides a variety of protection schemes.2.13 Network ManagementThe OptiX RTN 905 supports multiple network management (NM) modes and providescomprehensive NM information exchange schemes.2.14 Easy InstallationThe OptiX RTN 905 supports several installation modes. That is, the installation is flexible andconvenient.2.15 Easy MaintenanceThe OptiX RTN 905 provides plentiful maintenance features.2.16 Security ManagementThe OptiX RTN 905 can prevent unauthorized logins and operations, ensuring equipmentmanagement security.2.17 Energy SavingThe OptiX RTN 905 uses various types of technologies to reduce the amount of energy that thedevice consumes. The device:2.18 Environmental ProtectionThe OptiX RTN 905 is designed to meet or exceed environmental protection requirements. Theproduct complies with the RoHS directive and WEEE directive.



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2.1 Microwave TypesThe OptiX RTN 905 supports Integrated IP radio microwave and SDH microwave.

2.1.1 Integrated IP MicrowaveOptiX RTN 905 supports Integrated IP radio. Native TDM and Ethernet services can betransmitted over the same microwave link. Ethernet services include Native Ethernet and ETHPWE3 services.Shown as Figure 2-1,the Integrated IP radio supported by OptiX RTN 905 has the followingfeatures:l Air interfaces can transmit E1/STM-1 services and Ethernet services simultaneously. E1/

STM-1 services are transmitted as Native TDM services. Ethernet services are transmittedas Native Ethernet or ETH PWE3 services.

l Supports the AM function. E1 services and packet services can be configured with priority.When AM is switched to the reference mode, the services with higher priority aretransmitted with preference.

Figure 2-1 Integrated IP radio

ODUIDU

TDMcross-connect

matrixE1

Packetswitching

Layer2Proccess

The Integrated IP radio

FE/GE

MUX

MPLS tunnel

Native E1/STM-1

Native Ethernet(STM-1)

NOTE

The OptiX RTN 905 supports VLAN sub-interfaces, therefore transmitting MPLS Ethernet services andNative Ethernet services over one port.

2.1.2 SDH MicrowaveThe OptiX RTN 905 can transmit 1xSTM-1 or 2xSTM-1 services over SDH microwave links.The OptiX RTN 905 has a built-in MADM. The MADM grooms services to the microwave portthrough cross-connections, maps the services into the STM-1-based or 2xSTM-1-basedmicrowave frames, and then transmits the frames. With this capability, services are flexiblygroomed and the optical network and the microwave network are seamlessly converged.



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Figure 2-2 SDH microwave

ODU

E1

IDU

MADM

SDH radioSDH

OH

OH

2.2 Modulation StrategyOptiX RTN 905 supports fixed modulation and adaptive modulation.

2.2.1 Fixed ModulationFixed modulation refers to a modulation policy in which a modulation scheme is adoptedinvariably to provide constant air interface bandwidth for a running radio link.When the OptiX RTN 905 uses fixed modulation, the modulation scheme and the channelspacing can be set by using software.l The SDH radio link uses fixed modulation.l The Integrated IP radio link supports fixed modulation. Various combinations of

modulation schemes and channel spacings can be set.

2.2.2 Adaptive ModulationThe adaptive modulation (AM) technology adjusts the modulation scheme automatically basedon channel quality.

Modulation Scheme and Air-interface CapacityWhen the AM technology is adopted, in the case of the same channel spacing, the microwaveservice bandwidth varies according to the modulation scheme; the higher the modulationefficiency, the higher the bandwidth of the transmitted services.l When the channel quality is good (such as on days when weather conditions are favorable),

the equipment adopts a high-efficiency modulation scheme to transmit more user services.This improves transmission efficiency and spectrum utilization of the system.

l When the channel quality deteriorates (such as on days with adverse weather), theequipment adopts a low-efficiency modulation scheme to transmit only higher-priorityservices within the available bandwidth while discarding lower-priority services. This



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method improves anti-interference capabilities of the radio link, which helps ensure thelink availability for higher-priority services.

Figure 2-3 Throughput at air interfaces of integrated IP radio (56 MHz channel)

Modulation Scheme Shift and Service PrioritiesIn Integrated IP radio mode, the equipment supports the AM technology. With configurablepriorities for E1 services and packet services, the transmission is controlled based on the servicebandwidth and QoS policies corresponding to the current modulation scheme. The highest-priority services are transmitted with precedence.l Priorities of E1 services

The priorities of E1 services are assigned based on the number of E1 services that eachmodulation scheme can transmit. When modulation scheme switching occurs, only the E1services whose number is specified in the new modulation scheme can be transmitted andthe excess E1 services are discarded.

l Priorities of packet servicesWith the QoS technology, packet services are scheduled to queues with different priorities.The services in different queues are transmitted to the microwave port after running thequeue scheduling algorithm. When modulation scheme switching occurs, certain queuesmay be congested due to insufficient capacity at the air interface. As a result, certain servicesor all the services in these queues are discarded.

Adaptive ModulationFigure 2-4 shows the service changes caused by shifts among six modulation schemes as anexample. The orange part indicates E1 services. The blue part indicates packet services. Thecloser the service is to the outside of the cylinder in the figure, the lower the service priority.Under all channel conditions, the service capacity varies according to the modulation scheme.



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When the channel conditions are unfavorable (during adverse weather conditions), lower-priority services are discarded.

Figure 2-4 Adaptive modulation

ChannelCapability

E1 Services Ethernet Services

AM dowm-shift AM up-shift

CharacteristicsThe AM technology used by the OptiX RTN 905 has the following characteristics:l The lowest-efficiency modulation scheme (also called reference scheme or modulation

scheme of guaranteed capacity) and the highest-efficiency modulation scheme (also callednominal scheme or modulation scheme of full capacity) used by the AM can be configured. The OptiX RTN 905 supports 13 levels modulation schemes, including QPSK Strong,

QPSK, 16QAM Strong, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM, 128QAM, 256QAM, 512QAM,512QAM Light, 1024QAM, 1024QAM Light, and 2048QAM. Strong and light indicateFEC coding strength. Strong FEC improves receiver sensitivity by increasing error-correcting codes. Light FEC expands service capacity by reducing error-correctingcodes. The OptiX RTN 905 can work in IS2 running mode. When interconnect with an ISU2

or ISX2 board of RTN 910/950/950A/980, the OptiX RTN 905 works in IS2 runningmode and supports only six levels modulation schemes, including QPSK, 16QAM,32QAM, 64QAM, 128QAM, and 256QAM.

l In AM, when modulation schemes are switched, the transmit frequency, receive frequency,and channel spacing remain unchanged.

l In AM, modulation schemes are switched step-by-step.l In AM, modulation scheme switching is hitless. When the modulation scheme is

downshifted, high-priority services will not be affected when low-priority services arediscarded. The switching is successful even when 100 dB/s channel fast fading occurs.



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2.3 RF Configuration ModesThe OptiX RTN 905 supports multiple RF configuration modes.Table 2-1 shows the RF configuration modes supported by the OptiX RTN 905. For detail, referto Typical RF Configuration Modes.

Table 2-1 RF configuration modesEquipment Type Configuration ModeOptiX RTN 905 2E 2x(1+0) non-protection configuration

2+0 non-protection configuration1+1 protection configuration (1+1 HSB/FD/SD)XPIC configuration

OptiX RTN 905 1E 1+0 non-protection configuration1+1 protection configuration (1+1 HSB/FD/SD, NEcascading)XPIC configuration (NE cascading)

2.4 Cross-Polarization Interference CancellationCross-polarization interference cancellation (XPIC) technology is used together with co-channeldual-polarization (CCDP). The application of the two technologies doubles the wireless linkcapacity over the same channel. The OptiX RTN 905 2E supports XPIC function. The OptiXRTN 905 1E supports XPIC function by means of NE cascading.CCDP transmission adopts a horizontally polarized wave and a vertically polarized wave on onechannel to transmit two channels of signals. Ideally, for CCDP transmissions, there will not beany interference between the two orthogonal signals although they are on the same frequency.In actual practice, despite the orthogonality of the two signals, interference between the signalsinevitably occurs due to cross-polarization discrimination (XPD) of the antenna and channeldegradation. To cancel the interference, XPIC technology is used to receive signals horizontallyand vertically. The signals in the two directions are then processed and the original signals arerecovered from interfered signals.



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Figure 2-5 CCDP channel configuration , used when XPIC is used

HV

Modem ODU 1

ODU 2

f1

f1

ODU 1

ODU 2

f1

f1

Site A Site B

f1

Modem

Modem

Modem

Service

Service

Service

Service

Vertical polarization service singnalHorizontal polarization service singnalH

V

2.5 Automatic Transmit Power ControlAutomatic transmit power control (ATPC) enables the output power of the transmitter toautomatically trace the level fluctuation at the receive end within the ATPC control range. Thisfeature reduces the interference with neighboring systems and residual BER.

Figure 2-6 Relationship between the RSL and TSL

T

Up-fading

Down-fading

2 dB

TSL/RSL

TSL

RSL2 dBCentral value of the ATPCupper threshold and theATPC lower threshold

2.6 CapacityThe OptiX RTN 905 is a high-capacity device.

2.6.1 Air Interface CapacityAir interface capacity refers to the service capacity of a microwave link.The air interface capacity depends on the IF board, ODU type, and microwave work mode.



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Table 2-2 and Table 2-3 lists the microwave air interface capacities that the OptiX RTN 905supports.

Table 2-2 Air interface capacities (Integrated IP radio)Equipment Type Maximum Number of

E1s (E1 + Ethernet)Maximum Number ofSTM-1 (STM-1 +Ethernet)

Maximum EthernetThroughput at AirInterfaces (Mbit/s)

OptiX RTN 905 63 1 480 to 609 (none-XPIC)450 to 575 (XPIC)

NOTEl OptiX RTN 905 support frame header compression at air interfaces, and their equivalent throughout of Ethernet services at

air interfaces can reach up to 1000 Mbit/s. For details, see Microwave Work Modes.l The XPIC function doubles the service capacity of the microwave channel at the same frequency bandwidth.

Table 2-3 Air interface capacities (SDH radio)Equipment Type Maximum Air Interface CapacityOptiX RTN 905 2 x STM-1sNOTE

The XPIC function doubles the service capacity of the microwave channel at the same frequency bandwidth.

2.6.2 Cross-Connect CapacityThe OptiX RTN 905provides a maximum of VC-12/VC-3/VC-4 cross-connections equivalentto 8x8 VC-4s.

2.6.3 Switching CapacityThe OptiX RTN 905 has a built-in packet switching platform with the switching capacity of8Gbit/s.

2.7 InterfacesThe OptiX RTN 905 provides a variety of interfaces.

2.7.1 Service InterfacesOptiX RTN 905 provides Ethernet interfaces, PDH/SDH interfaces, and service cascadinginterfaces.Table 2-4 lists the the types and quantity of service interfaces that the OptiX RTN 905 provides.



17

Table 2-4 Types and quantity of service interfacesService Interface Quantity

IDU 905 1E/2EGE electrical interface (RJ45): 10/100/1000BASE-T(X) 4GE/FE optical interface (SFP) or GE electrical interface(SFP):l GE optical interface: 1000BASE-SX/LX/VX/ZX/BXl FE optical interface: 100BASE-FX/LX/VX/ZX/BXl GE electrical interface: 10/100/1000BASE-T(X)

2

75-ohm or 120-ohm E1 interface 16STM-1 electrical interface (SFP) orSTM-1 optical interface (SFP): Ie-1, S-1.1, L-1.1, L-1.2

2

Service cascading interface (SFP) 2NOTE

The first and second GE electrical interfaces on the IDU 905 2E support P&E power over Ethernet.

2.7.2 Management and Auxiliary PortsOptiX RTN 905 provides various management and auxiliary ports.

Management and Auxiliary Ports

Table 2-5 Types and number of management and auxiliary portsPort Description QuantityExternal clockport

2,048 kbit/s or 2048 kHz external clock input/outputport

1

External timeport

External time input or output port (RS-422 level,1PPS+TOD or DCLS format)

1

Managementport

10/100BASE-T(X) NM port 1NM serial port 110/100BASE-T(X) NM cascading port 1

Auxiliary port RS-232 asynchronous data port 1Orderwire port 164 kbit/s synchronous data port 1

Alarm port Alarm input port 3



18

Port Description QuantityAlarm output port 1

Outdoorcabinetmonitoring port

RS-485 outdoor cabinet monitoring port 1

Type-A USBport

USB port for USB flash drive, supporting databasebackup, database restoration, and NE softwareupgrades using a USB flash drive

1

Mini USB port USB port for NMS, supporting NE management whenthe Web LCT is connected.

1

NOTEl The external clock port, external time port, and outdoor cabinet monitoring port share one RJ45

connector. The external clock and outdoor cabinet monitoring functions can be enabled simultaneously,but the external time function must be enabled alone. This external clock port can also transparentlytransmit the overhead bytes (DCC bytes and asynchronous data byte) or wayside E1, however, thisport can implement only one function at a time.

l The orderwire port and synchronous data port are provided by AUXE sub-card.

Auxiliary Service ChannelAuxiliary services and NM messages are transmitted by overhead bytes over a radio link. Fordetails, see Table 2-6.

Table 2-6 Auxiliary services channels provided by each microwave portService/Message Type Microwave Frame Overhead

Quantity ofPaths

Path Rate

Asynchronous data service 1 19.2 kbit/sSynchronous data service 1 64 kbit/sOrderwire service 1 64 kbit/sDCC channel 1 192 kbit/sWayside E1 service 1 2048 kbit/s (in the SDH radio link)

2.8 MPLS/PWE3 FunctionsThe OptiX RTN 905 supports MPLS switching and Ethernet PWE3 function, therefore toimplement packet transmission of carrier-class services.



19

Table 2-7 MPLS/PWE3 functionsFunction and Feature DescriptionMPLStunnel

Setup mode Static LSPsBearer mode l Ethernet port

l IP microwave portl MLPPP link

Protection 1:1 MPLS tunnel APSOAM l MPLS OAM that complies with ITU-T Y.

1710 and ITU-T Y.1711l MPLS-TP LSP OAM that complies with

ITU-T Y.1731l LSP ping and LSP traceroute functions

PWE3 ETH PWE3 Encapsulationmode

l Raw model Tagged mode

Service type l E-Linel E-Aggrl E-LAN (VPLS)

TDM PWE3 Emulationmode

l SAToPl CESoPSN

Packet loadingtime

125 s to 5000 s

Jittercompensationbuffering time

375 s to 16000 s

Setup mode Static PWsControl Word supportedNumbers of PWs Supports a maximum of 1024 PWs.Protection 1:1 PW APS



20

Function and Feature DescriptionOAM l PW OAM that complies with ITU-T Y.

1710 and ITU-T Y.1711l MPLS-TP PW OAM that complies with

ITU-T Y.1731l VCCVl PW ping and PW traceroute functionsl ITU-T Y.1731-compliant packet loss

measurement, delay measurement, anddelay variation measurement

l Intelligent service fault diagnosisMS-PW SupportedConfigurable bandwidth Supported

2.9 Ethernet Service Processing CapabilityThe OptiX RTN 905 has powerful Ethernet service processing capability.

Table 2-8 Ethernet service processing capabilityItem DescriptionEthernet servicetype

l Native Ethernet services: E-Line service and E-LAN servicel PW-carried Ethernet services: E-Line service, E-Aggr service, and

E-LAN (VPLS) serviceRange ofmaximum framelength

1518 bytes to 9600 bytes

VLAN l Adds, deletes, and switches VLAN tags that comply with IEEE802.1q/p, and forwards packets based on VLAN tags.

l Processes packets based on the port tag attribute (Tag/Hybrid/Access).

l The VLAN ID ranges from 1 to 4094.MAC address l The E-LAN service supports the MAC address self learning

capability in two learning modes: SVL and IVL.l MAC addresses can be filtered; that is, MAC addresses can be

blacklisted.l Static MAC address entries can be set.l The capacity of the MAC address table is 16 k (including static

entities and blacklist entities).l The MAC address aging time can be configured.



21

Item DescriptionSpanning tree Supports the MSTP protocol, and generates only the Common and

Internal Spanning Tree (CIST). The functions of the MSTP protocol areequal to those of the RSTP protocol.

IGMP Snooping SupportedLink aggregation(LAG)

The OptiX RTN 905 1E provides LAG protection for Ethernet ports. TheOptiX RTN 905 2E provides LAG protection for Ethernet ports and radioports.l Supports manual aggregation and static aggregationl Supports load sharing and non-load sharing.l The load sharing hash algorithm is implemented based on MAC

addresses, IP addresses, or MPLS labels, and supports the specifiedmode and automatic mode.

Physical linkaggregation(PLA)

The OptiX RTN 905 2E supports the PLA/EPLA function. The OptiXRTN 905 1E supports the PLA/EPLA function by NE cascading.PLA and EPLA are Layer 1 link aggregation group (L1 LAG)technology, which shares load based on the bandwidth at the physicallayer to achieve link aggregation.A PLA group supports a maximum of two member links. An EPLAgroup supports a maximum of four member links.

ERPS Supports ITU-T G.8032v1/v2-compliant single-ring or multi-ringnetwork protection for Ethernet services.

LPT Disables the remote Ethernet port that is connected to the user equipmentwhen the transmission network or local port fails.

QoS Supports QoS. For details, see 2.10 QoS.Traffic controlfunction

Supports the IEEE 802.3x-compliant traffic control function.

ETH-OAM l Supports IEEE 802.1ag- and IEEE 802.3ah-compliant ETH-OAMfunctions.

l Supports ITU-T Y.1731-compliant ETH-OAM functions, supportspacket loss measurement, delay measurement, and delay variationmeasurement.

Ethernetperformancemonitoring

l Supports IETF RFC2819-compliant RMON performancemonitoring.

l Measures real-time and historical traffic and bandwidth utilizationfor ports.

l Measures real-time and historical performance events for DSdomains, flows, VLANs, traffics on UNI side, PWs, and egressqueues.

l Measures packet loss due to congestion for flows.l Measures packet loss due to congestion for PWs and egress queues.



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Item DescriptionSynchronousEthernet

Supports ITU-T G.8261- and ITU-T G.8262-compliant synchronousEthernet.

NOTE

l The E-Line service is an Ethernet private line service. The OptiX RTN 905 supports a maximum of 1024E-Line services.l For Native Ethernet services, the OptiX RTN 905 supports E-Line services based on the port, port

+VLAN, and port+QinQ.l For PW-carried Ethernet services, the OptiX RTN 905 supports E-Line services based on the port, and

port+VLAN.l The E-Aggr service is an Ethernet aggregation service. The OptiX RTN 905 supports E-Aggr services from

multiple UNIs to one PW and E-Aggr services from multiple PWs to one UNI. The OptiX RTN 905 supportsa maximum of 128 E-Aggr services.

l The E-LAN service is an Ethernet local area network (LAN) service.l For Native Ethernet services, the OptiX RTN 905 supports the E-LAN service based on the 802.1d

bridge, 802.1q bridge, and 802.1ad bridge. The bridge supports a maximum of 1024 logical ports.l For PW-carried Ethernet services, the OptiX RTN 905 supports virtual private LAN services (VPLS)

based on virtual switch instances (VSI). The OptiX RTN 905 supports a maximum of 16 VSIs and 512logical ports.

2.10 QoSThe OptiX RTN 905 provides improved quality of service (QoS) and supports the followingeight types of per-hop behaviors (PHBs): BE, AF1, AF2, AF3, AF4, EF, CS6, and CS7.Therefore, network carriers can offer various QoS levels of service guarantees and buildnetworks that carry data, voice, and video services.

Table 2-9 QoS featuresFeature PerformanceDiffServ For Ethernet services, supports mapping the Ethernet service into

different PHB service levels based on the C-VLAN priority, S-VLANpriority, IP DSCP value, and MPLS EXP value.

Trafficclassification

Supports port traffic classification based on MAC address, VLAN ID,VLAN priority, IP address, DSCP, protocol type, Port number and ICMPtype.

Traffic policing Supports flow-based traffic policing and the setting of PIR and CIR insteps of 64 kbit/s.

Queue scheduling l Each Ethernet port or Integrated IP radio port supports eight levelsof priority scheduling.

l Flexibly sets the queue scheduling scheme for each Ethernet port andIntegrated IP radio port. The queue scheduling modes include SP, SP+WRR, and WRR.



23

Feature PerformanceCongestionavoidance

Drops packets in tail drop mode or weighted random early detection(WRED) mode.

Traffic shaping l Supports the shaping for the specified port, priority queue, or serviceflow.

l Supports a step of 64 kbit/s for the PIR and CIR.HQoS l For MPLS NNI ports, supports three levels of queue scheduling for

PWs, MPLS tunnels, and egress queues, and supports five levels ofrate limiting for PW flow, PWs, MPLS tunnels, egress queues, andegress ports.

l For QinQ NNI ports, supports two levels of queue scheduling forQinQ queues and egress queues, and supports three levels of ratelimiting for QinQ queues, egress queues, and egress ports.

l For UNI ports, supports three levels of queue scheduling for V-UNIegress queues, V-UNI egress groups, and egress queues, and supportsfour levels of rate limiting for V-UNI egress queues, VUNI egressgroups, egress queues, and egress ports.

Figure 2-7 Typical QoS application (Native Ethernet services)

Fowarding

Queues SchedulingClassifing

Ingress EgressPacket

Switching

CS7CS6EFAF4AF3AF2AF1BE

Policing

CAR

Flow

Mapping

DiffServ Shaping

Shaping



24

Figure 2-8 Typical HQoS application (ETH PWE3 services)

CARPW

CARPW

CARPW

PWTunnel

Tunnel

UNI PW Tunnel Port

Port

2.11 Clock FeaturesThe OptiX RTN 905 supports physical-layer clock synchronization, time synchronization overpacket networks, and IEEE 1588v2 time synchronization, meeting the clock and timesynchronization requirements of mobile networks. In addition, the OptiX RTN 905 provides anadvanced clock protection mechanism.

Clock synchronizationTable 2-10 Clock synchronization features

Item DescriptionEquipment clock Supports tracing mode and free-run mode. In addition, it

supports the holdover mode when an MN1 subcard isequipped.



25

Item DescriptionClock synchronization Supports the following clock sources:

l SDH line clockl E1 tributary clockl Radio link clockl Synchronous Ethernet clockl Service cascading interface clockl 2048 kbit/s or 2048 kHz external clockl IEEE 1588v2 clockl IEEE 1588 ACR clock (when an MN1 subcard is

equipped)SSM protocol/ExtendedSSM protocol

Supported. SSM information can be transmitted in thefollowing interfaces:l SDH linel Radio linkl Synchronization Ethernet interfacel Service cascading interfacel 2048 kbit/s external clock interface, supporting the SSM

protocol and not supporting the extended SSM protocolTributary clock l Supports retiming for E1 services.

l Supports the transparent transmission of E1 clocks.l Supports CES ACR clocks (when an MN1 subcard is

equipped).Output of the external clock Supported (2048 kbit/s or 2048 kHz mode)

Time synchronizationTable 2-11 Time synchronization features

Item DescriptionClock Model OC, BC, TC, TC+BCInput of the externaltime

Supported

Time sourceselection andprotection

l BMC algorithml Static selection for time sources



26

Item DescriptionTimesynchronization

Supports the following time sources:l IEEE 1588v2 clockl External time interface

Time transparenttransmission

Transparent transmission of IEEE 1588v2 time signals

Output of theexternal time

Supported

2.12 Protection CapabilityThe OptiX RTN 905 provides a variety of protection schemes.

Table 2-12 Protection schemesItem DescriptionEquipment-level protection

Power input 1+1 hot backup

Radio link 1+1 HSB/SD/FD protectionNetwork-levelprotection

MPLS MPLS tunnel 1:1 protectionPW PW 1:1 ProtectionEthernet LAG protection

ERPS protectionMSTP protectionPLA/EPLA protection

E1 SNCP protectionSTM-1 1+1 or 1:1 linear multiplex section protection

NOTEOptiX RTN 950 1Es support 1+1 HSB/SD/FD protection and PLA/EPLA protection through NEcascading.

2.13 Network ManagementThe OptiX RTN 905 supports multiple network management (NM) modes and providescomprehensive NM information exchange schemes.



27

NM ModeThe OptiX RTN 905 supports the following NM modes:l Per-NE management (for example, management of a local NE or a remote NE) by the

iManager Web LCTl Central management of OptiX RTN NEs and other OptiX NEs by the iManager U2000l SNMP agent-based management, which allows operators to query alarms, performance

events, NE parameters and service parameters by performing SNMP GET operations, andto configure NE parameters and service parameters by performing SNMP SET operations

LLDP FunctionThe OptiX RTN 905 and another device (such as a base station) that are both enabled with theLink Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) can discover each other. The LLDP function helps toarchive:l Display of the topology of a network that comprises different types of equipment on an

NMS.l Simplified fault diagnosis.

NM Information Exchange SchemesThe OptiX RTN 905 supports inband DCN and outband DCN.

Table 2-13 DCN information exchange schemesItem SpecificationsDCNchannel

DCCbytes

Integrated IPradio

Three DCC bytes that are defined by Huawei

SDHmicrowave

D1-D3, D4-D12, or D1-D12 bytes

SDH line D1-D3, D4-D12, or D1-D12 bytesCascading port Supports the transmission of DCC bytesExternal clockport

Supports the transmission of DCC bytes

Network management port Supports one network management Ethernet port orone network management Ethernet cascade port.

InbandDCN

Radio link The inband DCN channel is marked with the VLANtag and its bandwidth is configurable.

FE/GE port The inband DCN channel is marked with the VLANtag and its bandwidth is configurable.

Networkmanag

HWECC protocol SupportedIP protocols Supported



28

Item Specificationsementprotocol

L2 DCN Supported

2.14 Easy InstallationThe OptiX RTN 905 supports several installation modes. That is, the installation is flexible andconvenient.An IDU can be installed on the following types of cabinets and surfaces:l In a 300 mm or 600 mm ETSI cabinetl In a 450 mm or 600 mm 19-inch cabinetl In an open cabinetl In an outdoor cabinetl On a walll On a tableAn ODU supports two installation modes: direct mounting and separate mounting.

2.15 Easy MaintenanceThe OptiX RTN 905 provides plentiful maintenance features.

2.15.1 Equipment-level OAMThe OptiX RTN 905 provides several maintenance features that effectively reduce the costsassociated with maintaining the equipment.Table 2-14 describes the OAM functions supported by the OptiX RTN 905.



29

Table 2-14 Equipment-level OAMFunction DescriptionManagement andmonitoring

l The OptiX RTN 905 can be managed together with opticaltransmission equipment by the U2000.

l Supports various alarms and performance events.l Supports RMON performance statistics on various types of

objects.l Supports the monitoring and graphic display of key radio

transmission performance indicators such as microwave transmitpower, received power, signal to noise ratio (SNR), and air-interface BER.

l Supports the monitoring and graphic display of Ethernetperformance specifications such as port traffic and bandwidthutilization.

Hardwaremaintenance

l All the indicators and cable interfaces are available on the frontpanel of the IDU.

Diagnosis andTesting

l Supports PRBS tests by IF ports.l Supports PRBS tests by E1 ports.l Simulates Ethernet meters to test packet loss, delay, and

throughput.l Supports various loopback types over service ports and IF ports.

Packet service OAM l Supports IEEE 802.1ag- and IEEE 802.3ah-compliant ETH OAMfunctions.

l Supports ITU-T Y.1731-compliant packet loss measurement,delay measurement, and delay variation measurement for Ethernetservices.

l Supports the ITUT-T Y.1711-compliant MPLS OAM functionand LSP ping/traceroute.

l Supports the ITUT-T Y.1711-compliant PW OAM function andPW ping/traceroute.

l Supports the ITU-T Y.1731-compliant MPLS-TP LSP OAM andPW OAM functions.

Databasemanagement

l Remotely backs up and restores the NE database by using theU2000.

l Supports database backup and restoration from a USB flash drive.l Two copies of software and data are stored in the flash memory

of the system control, switching, and timing board to meet thesmooth upgrade requirements.



30

Function DescriptionSoftwaremanagement

l Remotely loads NE software and data by using the U2000 andprovides a quick NE upgrade solution.

l Upgrades NE software from a USB flash drive.l Supports the NSF function. E1 services and Ethernet E-Line

services are not interrupted during warm resets on NE software.l Supports hot patch loading. Users can upgrade software without

interrupting services.l Supports software version rollback so that original system services

are restored despite software upgrade failures.

2.15.2 Packet Services OAM (TP-Assist)The OptiX RTN 905 works with the iManager U2000 to allow hierarchy OAM of packetservices. Packet OAM supports end-to-end service configuration, acceptance tests, and faultlocating, therefore simplifying operation and maintenance of packet services.Table 2-15 describes the packet OAM functions supported by the OptiX RTN 905.

Table 2-15 Packet OAM (TP-Assist)OAM Stage Subitem DescriptionEnd-to-endserviceconfiguration

End-to-end packetserviceconfiguration

l Supports end-to-end configuration of Native E-Line/E-LAN services.

l Supports end-to-end configuration of MPLStunnel and ETH PWE3.

Automaticdeployment ofalarmmanagement

l Automatically configures end-to-end ETHOAM during Native Ethernet serviceconfiguration and supports connectivity testsand alarm reporting.

l Automatically configures end-to-end MPLS-TP OAM during MPLS tunnel serviceconfiguration and supports connectivity testsand alarm reporting.

l Automatically configures end-to-end ETH-OAM during ETH PWE3 service configurationand supports connectivity tests and alarmreporting.

Acceptance tests Serviceconnectivity tests

l Supports one-click connectivity test of NativeE-Line and E-LAN services.

l Supports one-click connectivity test of the E-Line services carried by MPLS tunnels.



31

OAM Stage Subitem DescriptionServiceperformance tests

l Supports one-click test on packet loss, delay,and delay jitter of Native E-Line and E-LANservices.

l Supports one-click test on packet loss, delay,and delay jitter of the E-Line services carriedby MPLS tunnels.

l Simulates Ethernet meters to test packet loss,delay, and throughput.

Fault locating Port IP ping l Supports local ping at UNI ports.l Supports remote ping at UNI ports.

Port monitoring l Reports alarms indicating Ethernet signal loss.l Reports alarms indicating Ethernet port auto-

negotiation failures (half-duplex alarm).Service loopbackdetecting

l Detects loopbacks in E-Line services.l Automatically disables the service ports

involved in a loop.Intelligent faultdiagnosis

l Checks the integrity of hardware, software, andconfiguration along a service path.

l Detects zero traffic and packet loss along aservice path.

Performancestatistics

l Measures real-time and historical performanceevents for Ports, DS domains, flows, VLANs,UNI-side services, PWs, tunnel, and egressqueues.

l Measures packet loss due to congestion forflows, PWs bandwidth, and egress queues.

Performancemonitoring

l Reports packet loss threshold-crossing alarmsby DS domain, traffic classification, VLAN, V-UNI, PW, and egress queue.

l Reports port bandwidth utilization threshold-crossing alarms.

l Reports packet loss threshold-crossing alarmsfor flows, PWs bandwidth, and egress queues.

l Reports zero-traffic alarms for Ports, DSdomains, flows, VLANs, UNI-side services,PWs, and egress queues.



32

2.16 Security ManagementThe OptiX RTN 905 can prevent unauthorized logins and operations, ensuring equipmentmanagement security.

Hardware SecurityThe OptiX RTN 905 adopts high-reliability hardware design to ensure that the system runsproperly under security threats.The following hardware preventive measures are provided:l Microwave interfaces: The FEC encoding mode is adopted and the adaptive time-domain

equalizer for baseband signals is used. This enables the microwave interfaces to toleratestrong interference. Therefore, an interceptor cannot restore the contents in a data frame ifcoding details and service configurations are not obtained.

l Modular design: Control units are separated from service units and service units areseparated from each other. In this manner, a fault on any unit can be properly isolated,minimizing the impact of the fault on other units in the system.

l CPU flow control: Data flow sent to the CPU for processing is classified and controlled toprevent the CPU from being attacked by a large number of packets. This ensures that theCPU operates properly under attacks.

Software SecurityThe OptiX RTN 905 processes two categories of data: O&M data and service data. The precedingdata is transmitted over independent paths and does not affect each other. Therefore, serviceson the OptiX RTN 950 are processed on two planes:l Management plane

The management plane provides access to the required equipment and managementfunctions, such as managing accounts and passwords, communication protocols, and alarmreporting. The security feature of the management plane enables secure device access,concentrated management, and thorough security audit.

l Data planeThe data plane processes service data that enters the devices and forwards service datapackets according to hardware forwarding entries. On one hand, the data plane preventsuser service packets from being intercepted, modified, or deleted, which endangers theconfidentiality and completeness of user data. On the other hand, the data plane ensuresthe control of hardware forwarding actions, preventing forwarding entries from beingattacked or modified. In this manner, the forwarding plane of the devices can function stablyand reliably.

Table 2-16lists the security functions provided by the OptiX RTN 905.



33

Table 2-16 Security functions of the three planesPlane Function DescriptionManagement plane

Account andpasswordmanagement

Manages and saves device maintenance accounts.

Localauthentication andauthorization

Checks account validity and performs authorization.

RADIUSauthorization andauthentication

Checks account validity and remotely performsauthorization in the concentrated mode, reducing themaintenance cost.

Security log Records actions about account management.Operation log Records non-query operations.SYSLOGManagement

Functions as a standard solution for saving logs offline,effectively resolving the deficient saving spaceproblem.

TCP/IP protocolstack attackprevention

Provides basic TCP/IP attack prevention capability,such as attacks from incorrect IP packets, ICMP ping/jolt, and DoS.

Access Control List(ACL)

Provides ACL based on IP addresses and port numbers.

SSL/TLSencryptioncommunication

Supports SSL3.0/TLS1.0 and provides secureencrypted tunnels based on security certifications.

SSH securitycommunication

Provides the SSHv2 server and SFTP client service.

OSPF routeprotocol

Provides OSPFv2, capable of standard MD5authentication.

NTP protocol Provides NTPv3, capable of MD5 authentication andauthorization control.

SNMP managementprotocol

Provides SNMPv3, capable of security authenticationand data encryption functions.

Data plane Flow control Monitors port traffic. Suppresses multicast packets,discards unknown unicast/multicast packets, and usesQoS to control service traffic.

Discarding of errorpackets

Discards invalid error packets. For example, a packetwhose size is smaller than 46 bytes.



34

Plane Function DescriptionLoop avoidance Detects loopback at services ports, blocks loopback,

and supports service loopback detection of Ethernetports.

Layer 2 serviceaccess control

Provides the access control capabilities: filtering ofstatic MAC addresses, blacklist, learning andforbidding of MAC addresses, and filtering based oncomplex traffic classification.

Service isolation Provides three isolation methods: Layer 2 logicalisolation, horizontal isolation, and physical isolation.

Strict isolation ofuser services

Strictly isolates MPLS services within the carriernetworks and from client-side services.

2.17 Energy SavingThe OptiX RTN 905 uses various types of technologies to reduce the amount of energy that thedevice consumes. The device:l Uses a streamlined scheme for board design.l Replaces ordinary chips with ASIC chips that consume less power.l Uses high-efficiency power modules.l Supports intelligent adjustment of the fan speed that dissipates heat in a timely manner,

reduces power consumption, and minimizes noise.l Shuts down idle FE/GE ports and SFP optical modules.

2.18 Environmental ProtectionThe OptiX RTN 905 is designed to meet or exceed environmental protection requirements. Theproduct complies with the RoHS directive and WEEE directive.l The OptiX RTN 905 undergoes a compulsory packing process that limits the size of the

package containing the equipment and accessories to three times that of the equipmentdimensions.

l The product is designed for easy unpacking. In addition, all hazardous substances containedin the packaging decompose quickly.

l Every plastic component that weighs over 25 g is labeled according to the standards of ISO11469 and ISO 1043-1 to ISO 1043-4. All components and packages of the equipment areprovided with standard labels for recycling.

l Plugs and connectors are easy to find and the associated operations can be performed usingstandard tools.

l All the accompanying materials (such as labels) are easy to remove. Certain types ofidentifying information (such as silkscreens) are printed on the front panel or chassis.



35

3 Product StructureAbout This Chapter

This chapter describes the system architecture, hardware architecture, and software architectureof the product, in addition to how the system processes service signals.

3.1 System ArchitectureThe OptiX RTN 905 consists of a series of functional units, including the service interface unit,timeslot cross-connect unit, packet switching unit, IF unit, control unit, clock unit, auxiliaryinterface unit, fan unit, power unit, and ODU.3.2 Hardware StructureThe OptiX RTN 905 adopts a split structure. The system consists of the IDU 905 and theODU. An ODU is connected to the IDU 905 through an IF cable. The IF cable transmits IFservice signals and the O&M signals of the ODU and also supplies -48 V DC power to theODU.3.3 Software StructureThe OptiX RTN 905 software consists of the NMS software, IDU software, and ODU software.3.4 Service Signal Processing FlowThe signal processing flows for the IP microwave and SDH microwave are different.

OptiX RTN 905 1E/2E Radio Transmission SystemProduct Description 3 Product Structure


36

3.1 System ArchitectureThe OptiX RTN 905 consists of a series of functional units, including the service interface unit,timeslot cross-connect unit, packet switching unit, IF unit, control unit, clock unit, auxiliaryinterface unit, fan unit, power unit, and ODU.

Figure 3-1 Block diagram

Async dataExternal alarm

Packetswitching

unit

IF unit

ODU

STM-1

-48V DC

IDU

FE/GE

Ethernetsignal

Timeslotcross-

connectunit

TDMsignal

Serviceinterface

unit

Control andoverhead bus

Fanunit

Clockunit

Controlunit

Auxiliaryinterface

unitPower

unit

External time

NM interface

Ethernetsignal

TDMsignal

IF signal

RFsignal

Antenna

TDM cascading

External clock

E1

Table 3-1 Functional unitsFunctional Unit FunctionService interfaceunit

l Receives/Transmits FE/GE signals.l Receives/Transmits TDM E1 signals.l Receives/Transmits STM-1 signals.l Receives/Transmits TDM cascading signals.

Timeslot cross-connect unit

Provides the cross-connect function and grooms TDM services.



37

Functional Unit FunctionPacket switchingunit

l Processes Ethernet services and forwards packets.l Processes MPLS labels and forwards packets.l Processes PW labels and forwards packets.

IF unit l Maps service signals to microwave frame signals and demapsmicrowave frame signals to service signals.

l Performs conversion between microwave frame signals and IFanalog signals.

l Provides the O&M channel between the IDU and the ODU.l Supports FEC.

Control unit l Provides the system communications and control.l Provides the system configuration and management.l Collects alarms and monitors performance.l Processes overheads.

Clock unit l Traces the clock source signal and provides various clock signalsfor the system.

l Supports input and output of external clock.l Supports input or output of external time signal.l Provides the time synchronization function.

Auxiliary interfaceunit

l Provides the asynchronous data interface.l Provides the external alarm input/output interface.

Power unit l Receives/Transmits -48 V V DC power.l Provides DC power for the IDU.l Provides -48 V DC power for the ODU.

Fan unit Provides air cooling for the IDU.ODU l Converts IF signals into RF signals.

l Amplifies RF signals.

3.2 Hardware StructureThe OptiX RTN 905 adopts a split structure. The system consists of the IDU 905 and theODU. An ODU is connected to the IDU 905 through an IF cable. The IF cable transmits IFservice signals and the O&M signals of the ODU and also supplies -48 V DC power to theODU.

3.2.1 IDU 905 1E/2EThe IDU 905 is the indoor unit of the OptiX RTN 905.



38

The IDU 905, integrated and case-shaped equipment, physically comprises an integrated systemboard, and provides an extended slot for installing an MN1 or AUXE subcard.Each functional unit on the physical board of the IDU 905 corresponds to a logical board and isallocated with a logical slot. Therefore, the network management system (NMS) can managethese functional units as independent objects.

Figure 3-2 Logical board configuration for the IDU 905 1E/2EIDU 905 1E

Slot 5 Slot 3 Slot 7Slot 1 Slot 10 Slot 8 Slot 9 Slot 15 Slot 6Slot 16

IDU 905 2E

Slot 5 Slot 3 Slot 7Slot 1 Slot 10 Slot 8 Slot 9 Slot 15 Slot 6Slot 16Slot 4

CD1PIU MN1/AUXEEG6AUXCSHP MP1VS2 FANISV3

CD1ISV3PIU MN1/AUXEEG6AUXCSHP MP1VS2 FANISV3

Table 3-2 List of logical boards for the IDU 905 1E/2EBoardAcronym

Board Name Logical Slot Description

CSHP Hybrid systemcontrol,switching, andtiming board

Slot 1 l Supports the 8 Gbit/s packet switching.l Supports a maximum of VC-12/VC-3/VC-4s cross-

connections equivalent to 8x8 VC-4s.l Performs system communication and control.l Processes clock and time signals. Provides one

external clock input/output interfaces and oneexternal time input or output interface. The externalclock interface shares a port with the external timeinterface.

l Provides one asynchronous data interface, andthree-input and one-output external alarminterfaces.

l Provides one Ethernet NM interface, one NM serialinterface, and one NM cascading interface.

l Provides one Huawei outdoor cabinet monitoringinterface that shares a port with the external timeinterface.

l Provides a Type A USB port that supports softwareupgrades, data backup, and command script loadingusing a USB flash drive.

l Provides a Mini USB port to connect to a localmaintenance terminal.



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BoardAcronym


ISV3 Versatile IFboard

Slot 3 (IDU 9051E)Slot 3/4 (IDU905 2E)

l Provides one IF interface.l Supports QPSK to 2048QAM modulation with

QPSK/16QAM strong FEC and 512QAM/1024QAM light FEC when interconnected with theOptiX RTN 905 or ISV3 boards of the OptiX RTN910/950/950A/980, among which 2048QAM isused only when AM is enabled.

l Supports QPSK to 256QAM modulation wheninterconnected with ISU2/ISX2 boards of the OptiXRTN 910/950/950A/980.

l Supports integrated IP microwave and SDHmicrowave. The supported service modes areNative E1+Ethernet, Native STM-1+Ethernet orSDH.

l Supports the XPIC function.l Supports the AM function.l Supports Ethernet frame header compression.l Supports the PLA function.

EG6 4-port RJ45 + 2-port SFP GigabitEthernetinterface board

Slot 7 l Provides six GE interfaces, of which four can beonly RJ45 GE electrical interfaces, and the othertwo can be GE/FE optical interfaces or GE electricalinterfaces provided by SFP module. The GEelectrical interfaces are compatible with the FEelectrical interfaces.

l The first and second GE electrical interfaces on theIDU 905 2E support P&E power over Ethernet.

VS2 2-port versatilecascadinginterface board

Slot 8 l Provides two cascading ports for transmittingservice signals, DCN signals, and clock signals. Ontwo interconnected OptiX RTN 905 NEs, cascadingports are connected with an SFP cable.

l The first cascading port is multifunctionalcascading port. IDU 905 1Es can be cascadedthrough multifunction cascading interfaces toimplement 1+1/XPIC/PLA/EPLA, or transmitTDM/CES services. IDU 905 2Es can be cascadedthrough multifunction cascading interfaces toimplement EPLA, or transmit TDM/CES services.

l The second cascading port is a TDM/CES cascadingport (transmitting 46xE1 signals).

l Supports CES and ML-PPP functions whenworking with an MN1 subcard.



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BoardAcronym


MP1 16xE1 tributaryboard

Slot 9 l Provides sixteen 75-ohm or 120-ohm E1 interfaces,which currently support TDM E1 services.

l Supports CES and ML-PPP functions whenworking with an MN1 subcard.

AUX Auxiliaryinterface board

Slot 10 l Provides one asynchronous data interface.l Provides three-input and one-output external alarm

interfaces.CD1 2xSTM-1

interface boardslot 15 l Uses SFP modules to provide two STM-1 optical/

electrical interfaces.l Supports CES and ML-PPP functions when

working with an MN1 subcard.MN1 CES extension

boardslot 16 l Optional extension subcard.

l When an MN1 subcard is configured, an MP1 orVS2 board supports CES and ML-PPP functionsand a CD1 board can provides c-STM-1 interfacesand supports CES E1 and ML-PPP functions.

l No ports on its front panelAUXE Extended

auxiliaryinterface board

slot 16 l Optional extension subcard.l Provides one orderwire interface, and one

synchronous data interface.PIU Power board Slot 5 l Provides two -48 V DC power inputs.FAN Fan board Slot 6 l Cools and ventilates the IDU.

3.2.2 ODUThe ODU is an integrated system that is available in several models. The architectures andworking principles of the various ODU models are similar.



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Block Diagram

Figure 3-3 Block diagram of the ODU

Antenna portCTRL

Tx IF

Rx IF

Cable port

PWR

Up-conversionMultiplexer

O&Muplink

O&Mdownlink

DC

Down-conversion

AMP

LNA

Synthesizers

Duplexer

Rx RF

Tx RF

Signal Processing in the Transmit DirectionThe multiplexer splits the signal from the IF cable i

Documents

RTN 905 1E_2E V100R007C00 Product Description