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HP CalumpongSILLIMAN UNIVERSITY

Dumaguete City

Conducted by

Silliman UniversityDumaguete CityNov. 2007 - March, 2008

With support from

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Figure 2.1. Map of Northwestern Panay highlighting the NW Panay Natural Park Area.

SILLIMAN UNIVERSITY

Dumaguete City


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Figure 2.1.1. Map of the Northern northern part of Negros Island. Source : www .F licker .com


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National Research Partner : BIOCON

Team Leader/Flora Team : Hilconida P. Calumpong, Ph.D.Fauna Team : Renee B. Paalan, M.S..

Socio-cultural Team : Enrique G. Oracion. Ph.D.

Team Members

Flora: Peter Adrian B. Canlas

Dev Luke O. MontenegroSonia Lumayag

Fauna: Leonardo T. Averia

Michael Alcala

Jocelyn Elise P. BasaRobert GuinooArthur Louis C. OngIrish M. Sequihod

Socio-cultural Team: Carlos Teodoro FlorendoBonna Mae Tuason

Julie Ann ChavezMalcolm HiponiaElvie Salvoro

Office Research Assistant (Socio): Jocelyn R. Macias

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Dumaguete City


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National Research Partner : MUAD (Multi-Sectoral Alliancefor Development-Negros)

Team Leader/Flora Team : Hilconida P. Calumpong, Ph.D.

Fauna Team : Renee B. Paalan, M.S..

Socio-cultural Team : Enrique G. Oracion. Ph.D.

Team Members

Flora : Peter Adrian B. CanlasDev Luke O. Montenegro

Fauna: Leonardo T. AveriaJocelyn Elise P. BasaMichael R. AlcalaIrish M. Sequihod

Socio-cultural Team: Carlos Teodoro FlorendoMalcolm C. HiponiaElvie Salboro


Community Partners

Flora: Rodrigo D. Martin: Arnulfo H. Santillan

Fauna: Morlito I. Isidro

Socio-cultural : Xinnia L. Golez!Consultant, Patag DevelopmentProgram

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Dumaguete City


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!#*'()'>&&%'!6G6:8?@'&6:HNational Research Partner : POs (PENAMANAKE)

Team MembersFlora : Peter Adrian B. Canlas

Dev Luke O. MontenegroSonia P. LumayagVictor Futalan

Fauna: Leonardo T. AveriaJocelyn Elise P. BasaMichael R. Alcala

Robert S. Guino-o II, MS

Socio-cultural Team: Carlos Teodoro FlorendoMalcolm C. HiponiaElvie Salvoro


Community Partners

Flora: FELIX BOLADOLAADONG OLASIMAN

Fauna: Sixto YayongFermin Batal

Socio-economic:Rene Vendiola

:Billy B. Salvoro:Peregrina V. Bregondot


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2 Provincial, Municipal and Barangay

LGUs

2 Our NGO and PO partners2 Respondents

2 The DENR2 BFAR

2 PNOC

2 Others who participated in this survey


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/1-&"-

Preface ---------------------------- v

Acknowledgments ---------------------------- vi

Executive summary ---------------------------- vii

Acronyms ---------------------------- xvii

List of Tables, Figures, Appendices and Annexes ---------------------------- xviii

1. INTRODUCTION ---------------------------- 1

1.1. Historical Background of Project Site ---------------------------- 11.2. Conservation Importance ----------------------------

1.2.1. Biographic Setting ---------------------------- 1

1.2.2. National, Regional and Local Development Context ---------------------------- 1

1.2.3. Conservation Status and Interventions ---------------------------- 1

1.2.3.1. Past Conservation Initiatives ---------------------------- 1

1.2.3.2. Project Interventions by the Foundation for the

Philippine Environment

---------------------------- 3

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Dumaguete City


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/1-&"-.3. Rapid Site Assessment 2008 ---------------------------- 3

1.3.1. Rationale ---------------------------- 3

1.3.2. Objectives ---------------------------- 3

1.3.3. Approach, Scope and Limitations ---------------------------- 3

1.3.3.1. Scope ---------------------------- 3

1.3.3.2. Expected Outputs ---------------------------- 41.3.3.3. Expected RSA Outcomes ---------------------------- 4

1.3.4. Method of Data Collection ---------------------------- 4

1.3.5. Analysis Framework ---------------------------- 5

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Dumaguete City


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/1-&"-

2. PROJECT SITE PROFILE ---------------------------- 12

2.1. Biophysical Characteristics ---------------------------- 12

2.1.1. Location and Administrative Coverage ---------------------------- 12

2.1.2. Topography ---------------------------- 13

2.1.3. Climatic Conditions ---------------------------- 13

2.1.4. Soil Types and Land Capability ---------------------------- 13

2.1.5. Hydrology ---------------------------- 18

2.1.6. Geology and Mineral Resources ---------------------------- 18

2.1.7. Geo-Hazards ---------------------------- 20

2.1.8. Natural Features and Attractions ---------------------------- 202.1.9. Ecological Services ---------------------------- 20

2.1.9.1. Air Quality ---------------------------- 20

2.1.9.2. Water Quality ---------------------------- 20

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Dumaguete City


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SILLIMAN UNIVERSITYDumaguete City

/1-&"-

2.1.10. Biological Resources ---------------------------- 24

2.1.10.1. Ecosystems and Habitats ---------------------------- 24

2.1.10.2. Flora ---------------------------- 24

2.1.10.3. Fauna ---------------------------- 36

2.1.10.3.1. Birds ---------------------------- 36

2.1.10.3.2. Herpetofauna ---------------------------- 38

2.1.10.3.3. Mammals ---------------------------- 40

2.1.10.3.4. Fishes and other biological resources ---------------------------- 41

2.1.10.4. Threats to the Biological Resources ---------------------------- 41


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/1-&"-

2.2 Socio-Cultural and Economic Situation ----------------------------- 44

2.2.1. Demographics ----------------------------- 44

2.2.1.1. Population and Settlement ----------------------------- 44

2.2.1.2. Household Characteristics ----------------------------- 45

2.2.1.3. Housing ----------------------------- 49

2.2.1.4. Health ----------------------------- 52

2.2.1.5. Stakeholder Mapping ----------------------------- 52

2.2.1.6. Other factors ----------------------------- 54

2.2.2. Social Institutions and Services ----------------------------- 56

2.2.3. Gender Issues ----------------------------- 59

2.2.4. Ethnic Groups ----------------------------- 61

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Dumaguete City


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/1-&"-

2.2.5. Resource Use Practices ----------------------------- 62

2.2.6. Livelihood Activities ----------------------------- 66

2.2.6.1. Income and Poverty Levels ----------------------------- 66

2.2.6.2. Enterprises ----------------------------- 66

2.2.7. Development Interventions ----------------------------- 67

2.2.7.1. Development Projects/Investments ----------------------------- 67

2.2.7.2. Infrastructure ----------------------------- 67

2.2.7.3. Ecotourism Potentials ----------------------------- 68

2.2.7.4. Macro Trends ----------------------------- 69

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Dumaguete City


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/1-&"-

2.3. Geopolitical Condition ----------------------------- 70

2.3.1. Land Classification ----------------------------- 70

2.3.2. Land Cover and Land Use ----------------------------- 70

2.3.3. Tenurial Arrangements and Land Ownership ----------------------------- 71

2.3.4. Institutional and Management Arrangements ----------------------------- 73

2.3.4.1. Stakeholder Profiles ----------------------------- 73

2.3.4.2. Governance ----------------------------- 73

2.3.4.3. Policies and Legislation ----------------------------- 75

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/1-&"-

3. SITUATION ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION ----------------------------- 763.1. Timeline and Trends Analysis ----------------------------- 76

3.2. Management Challenges and PossibleInterventions

----------------------------- 76

4. RECOMMENDATIONS ----------------------------- 78

References ----------------------------- 79

Appendices ----------------------------- 81

Annexes ----------------------------- 110

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Dumaguete City

SILLIMAN UNIVERSITY

Dumaguete City


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2 Primary Forest2 Secondary Forest2 Agricultural areas2 Grassland2 Caves2 Lakes2 Riverine

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2 Primary Forest2 Secondary Forest2 Scrubland2 Grassland2 Caves2 Lakes2 Riverine

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2 Open Water

2 Coral Reefs2 Seagrass and Algal Beds

2 Mangrove Forests

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Stations Low Tide High Tide

GUIUAN

Sulangan 0.5695 0.3524

Suluan 0.1199 0.3531Manicani 0.0771 0.0769

Buro-buro Pt. 0.0248 0.0869

SALCEDO

Butig 0.0693 0.1077

Camanga 0.1030 0.0831

Maliwaliw 0.0501 0.1613


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SITES

Totalsuspendedsolids(mg/L)

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Offshore

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MEANTSS (mg/L) SD

GUIUAN

Sulangan NS 20.667 7.095

Ngolos NS 18.000 2.646

Suluan NS 23.000 1.000

Manicani NS 22.333 2.082

SALCEDO

Butig NS 25.333 2.082

Camanga NS 21.667 0.577

Maliwaliw NS 23.667 1.528

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TSS (mg/L) SD

GUIUAN

Sulangan OS 23.667 1.528

Ngolos OS 19.667 3.215

Suluan OS 23 0

Manicani OS 23.333 0.57

SALCEDO

Butig OS 38.667 22.143

Camanga OS 23.333 2.309

Maliwaliw OS 24.333 0.577


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STATION VERTICAL HORIZONTAL

Index of

Dominance

Species

Diversity

Index of

Dominance

Species

Diversity

GUIUAN

Sulangan 1.078537904 5.140522215 0.806024452 5.520472112

Ngolos 0.556148272 6.5584378 0.521226603 7.673505653

Suluan 0.181818182 5.776621391 0.310787206 6.123199319

SALCEDO

Butig 1.264123164 4.073624887 1.28648173 4.091257306

Maliwaliw 0.659794107 6.034335532 0.667635859 6.238432058


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0100000

200000

300000

400000

500000

600000

700000

800000

9000001000000

Density

(organismm

-3)

NGOLOS SULANGAN MALIWALIW SULUAN BUTIG

Stations

Phytoplankton Dinoflagellates Zooplankton


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400000

500000

600000

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800000

900000

1000000

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NGOLOS SULANGAN MALIWALIW SULUAN BUTIG

Stations

Phytoplankton Dinoflagellates Zooplankton



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Sites Extent in ha

GUIUAN

1Sulangan no mangroves

2Ngolos 8

3Suluan I. 1

4Manicani I. 23

5Bagongbanua 2.8

6Pagnamitan-Bungtod 68

7Candulom 1.9

SALCEDO

1Butig I. 250

2Camanga 60

3Maliwaliw 195

4Kagaut 198.6

TOTAL 808.3


SALCEDO"h&"-&39IMF :7(9I B=C @:


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Buabua

Bobon Point

Butig

Mangroves250 ha.

Seagrass139 ha.

Coliform and Plankton

sampling site

Coliform sampling site

125.650025 E11.116669 N

125.683358 E11.116669 N

125.650025 E11.083336 N

Coral Reef Area16.21 ha.


.39IMFA :7(9I B=C @:

Landward species of mangroves: L. littorea

Pangdan, Butig Island

"h&"-&


45/163

Ngolos

Sulangan

Candulom

Mangroves 8 ha.

Mangroves 1.9 ha.

Seagrass38 ha.

Coliformsamplingsite

Planktonsampling site

Coliformsampling site

125.841692 E10.960775 N

125.793721 E10.917526 N

125.842859 E10.917610 N


Coral Reef Area41 ha.

Hinatraban

"h&"-&.#9P:EF:E :7(9I D @:U/:HQ9P(HA :7(9I


46/163

"h&"-&.`SY @: UDSB @:

125.760715" E10.947402" N

Ngolos

CalicoanIsland

125.761261" E10.999112" N

125.821287" E10.999783" N

Mangroves4.3 ha.

Seagrasses134 ha.

Coliform samplingsite


Mangroves8.2 ha.

Coral Reef41 ha.

Hinatraban


47/163

"h&"-&.39EFI(Q WY@: U T:E:FHMI:E < W @:


48/163

.39EFI(Q WY@: U T:E:FHMI:E :EM?:EM B`@:


49/163

Manicani

125.605404 E10.970783 N

125.660127 E10.969608 N

125.657642 E11.016923 N

Coral Reef151 ha.

Seagrass140 ha.


Mangrove20 ha.

Mangrove4 ha.

.>:EM?:EM B`@:

Manicani

SALCEDO"h&"-&./:H:EF: WW @:


50/163

Camanga

Mangrove Area66 ha.

Seagrass Area68 ha.



125.591672 E11.123161 N

125.591879 E11.107749 N

125.612485 E

11.108004 N



/:H:EF: WW @:

Mixed species of Rhizophora

Xylocarpus granantum

SALCEDO"h&"-&

.>:PMJ:PMJ Y=O @:


51/163

MaliwaliwMangroves

196 ha. Seagrass21 ha.

Coliform andPlankton samplingsite

Plankton sampling site

125.542695 E11.116699 N



125.543636 E11.080366 N

125.601491 E11.07937 N

Mangroves199 ha.


>:PMJ:PMJ Y=O @:

,EQ6^'()'0(HME:E?6'\?V':EQ'4567 +9 :; 7 >;* @A)B#K6?M6G /(HK(GMIM(EN


52/163

Sites c #$

GUIUAN

Sulangan 0.28 1.46

Ngolos 0.50 0.46

Suluan I. * *

Manicani I. 0.41 1.10

Bagongbanua 0.49 0.99

Pagnamitan-

Bungtod

0.26 1.45

Candulom 0.71 0.46

SALCEDO

Butig I. 0.21 1.75

Camanga 0.29 1.38

Maliwaliw 0.21 1.70

Kagaut 0.51 0.69

45678#+9#:;;*?#@A)B#K6?M6G'/(HK(GMIM(EN''+('I('*KK6EQM^'BS


53/163

GUIUAN SALCEDO

Species SUL NGO MAN BAG PAP CAN BUT CAM MAL KAG

1B. cylindrica 0.016

2A. marina 0.156 0.031 0.131

3R. mucronata 0.001 0.006 0.010 0.101 0.001

4S. Alba 0.091 0.408 0.010 0.036 0.021 0.030 0.181

5R. apiculata 0.002 0.003 0.017 0.002 0.038

6R. stylosa 0.011 0.093 0.357 0.033 0.681 0.005 0.106 0.200

7B. gGymnnorhiza 0.006 0.060 0.038 0.3058L. racemosa 0.057 0.005

9L. littorea 0.005 0.002

10X. granatum 0.042

11C. philippinensis 0.0001 0.007

12B. sexangula 0.022

13O. octodonta

14A. floridum 0.443 0.007

15A. lanata 0.004

16P. pinnata 0.031



54/163

R. stylosa%

A. floridum fruit%

A. marina%R. apiculata%

B. gymnorrhiza%

35 mangrove associates


55/163

Scaveola frutescens&

Pandanussp&.

Ardisia crispa&


Myrmecodia tuberose&

7000

AM-A. marinaAF A floridum/ MI #I I # QPM


56/163

0

500

10001500

2000

2500

3000

3500

40004500

5000

5500

6000

6500

AM AF RM RS BS BG RS AM BG RS SA RS BG BC AF RM AM RS

SUL BAG MAL MAN CAM BOI PAG CAN

SITES

De

nsityperha-I

Average density (stem per ha-1) of seedlings in Guiuan and Salcedo. Legend: SUL=Sulangan; BAG=Bagongbanua; MAL=Maliwaliw;MAN=Manicani; CAM=Camanga; BUT=Butig Is.I.; PAP=Pagnamitan!Bungtod; CAN=Candulom.

PAPBUT

AF-A. floridumRM-R. mucronataRS-R. stylosaBS-B. sexangulaBG-B. gymnnorhizaSA-S. albaBC-B. cylindrica

/(HH9EMI;'#I89?I986N''#66QPMEFG


#97GI8:I6 ?(HK(GMIM(E FS VCSSCLFS

4%SCL

2%VCS

16%VFS

FS1%

VCS

27%VFS

40%

SCL1%


57/163

#97GI8:I6 ?(HK(GMIM(EME H:EF8(L6 G:HKPMEF

GMI6GS

%6F6EQN

Z5# f L68; )ME6 G:EQ

5# f )ME6 G:EQ

># f H6QM9H G:EQ

/# f ?(:8G6 G:EQ

Z/# f L68; ?(:8G6G:EQ

#/% f GMPIg?P:;

1%VCS

27%

CS

16%MS

15%

VFS

40%

1%

CS

27%MS

22%

29%

MS14%

VFS

2%

FS

32%

SCL

4%VCS

29%

CS19%

CS

31%

MS

17%

VFS

22%

FS

3%

SCL

1%VCS

26%

MS

8%

VFS

33%

CS

34%

VCS

22%

SCL

1%FS

2%

VFS

25%

MS

27%

CS

27%

VCS

19%

SCL

1%FS

1%

VCS

19%

SCL

8%

FS

42%

VFS

1%

MS

9%

CS

21%

FS

3%SCL

1%VFS

8%MS

14%

CS

37%

VCS

37%

CS

16%MS

15%

CS

20%MS

4%

VFS

34%

VC

37

SCL

4%FS

1%

350


58/163

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

SUL BAG MAL MAN CAM BUI PAG

Sites

D

ensityperha-

1

/(HH9EMI;'#I89?I986N''#:KPMEFG

Figure 2.1.9.2.1.43. Average density of saplings. Legend: SUL=Sulangan; BAG=Bagongbanua; MAL=Maliwaliw;MAN=Manicani; CAM=Camanga; BUT=Butig Is.I.; PAP=Pagnamitan!Bungtod.

PAPBUT

Sites


&@86:IGgc9H:E',HK:?IgT8(I6?IM(E


59/163

CD5E=+*D56>#FG=++*76#HDF>76#I?#*J7#H+KK7H*;+5#+9#LI;KD5EM#;5#

>:PMJ:PMJS



60/163

Mangrove cutting in Kaga-ut river


M


61/163

T8(I6?IM(E

!6@:7MPMI:IM(E'6))(8IGA'OY'@:'()'

H:EF8(L6G'J686'KP:EI6Q'ME'>:PMJ:PMJ'ME'


62/163

Community Partner:Victor Duran

Mapper: James John Harvey

Boatman: Cornelio Alyas'()*+,-./*)/0)12/)-03/

*+2/456,1278


BOBBYBALDO!C i JACINTA LUCANAS

,,,S''#"*+!*##


63/163

CHLOEHUNT-Mapper

CommunityPartner

JACINTA LUCANAS-Seagrass/Algae

RIO NAGUIT-

Macrofauna

NIDACALUMPONG!Flora

AMIDA DIWATA

MACANSANTOS-

JASMA3

Documentor

Boatmen

#"*+!*##'3"0#


,,,S #"*+!*## 3"0#


64/163

,,,S''#"*+!*##'3"0#

"h&"-&

#6:F8:GG'76QG'J686')(9EQ')8MEFMEF'I@6'H:MEP:EQ'G@:PP(J':86:G':EQ'MGP:EQGS''"^I6EI'()'I@6'76QG'ME'GMI6G'G98L6;6Q'J:G'`=BS=WY'

@6?I:86G

Stations

SeagrassExtent (ha)

Longitude Latuitude

GUIUAN

1Sulangan 38 $%&4#)5*#%678&69( $:4#&9*#$$7:;9;(

2Ngolos 25 $%&4#);*#%87569( $:4#&;*#%:7$&6(

3Suluan 139.5 $%&4#&9*#))785:)( $:4#)9*#:7599(

4Manicani 6.633 $%&4#8;*#%97:66%( $$4#::*#8)7&&%;(

5Buro-buro,

6Pagnamitan

14.13 $%&4#)&*##8;76( $$4#$*#&)7:);(

7Calicoan/Pagnamitan 26.4 $%&4#)&*#897859( $$4#$*#%67$5(

SALCEDO

1Butig 139 $%&4#%:*#&78::( $$4#&*#8%79$);(

2Camanga 43 $%&4#89*#$878)( $$4#6*#$&79&:)(

3Maliwaliw 20.9 $%&4#8)*#&;7)$( $$4#&*#&&75)9)(

TOTAL 452.563


SALCEDO"h&"-&.39IMFA :7(9I B=C @:

Enhalus acoroides


65/163

Buabua

Bobon Point

Butig

Mangroves250 ha.

Seagrass139 ha.


sampling site


125.650025 E11.116669 N

125.683358 E11.116669 N

125.650025 E11.083336 N



#:8F:GG9H'76Q

Thalassia hemprichii

"h&"-&.#9P:EF:E :7(9I YD @: U /:EQ9P(HA :7(9I


66/163

Ngolos

Sulangan

Candulom

Mangroves 8 ha.

Mangroves 1.9 ha.

Seagrass38 ha.


Plankton samplingsite


125.841692 E10.960775 N

125.793721 E

10.917526 N

125.842859 E

10.917610 N


Coral Reef Area

41 ha.

Seagrass bed covered with Caulerpa, Valonia

F( (G"h&"-&B=

125.761261 E10.999112 N

125.821287 E10.999783 N

Mangroves4.3 ha.


67/163

B=

125.760715 E10.947402 N

Ngolos

Calicoan

Island

Seagrasses25 ha.



Mangroves8.2 ha.

Coral Reef41 ha.

Mixed Bed of Enhalus,Thalassia, Syringodium

"h&"-&.398(.798(


68/163

125.769664 E11.008681 N

Panagmitan

GUIUAN

125.732769 E11.009042 N

125.768810 E11.040636 N

Bungtod Point

Mangroves63 ha.

Mangroves

4.8 ha.

Mangroves

1.6 ha.

Seagrasses

14.13 ha.


Calicoan Passage

Buro-buro

Calicoan,Pagnamitan

Buro-buro


69/163

Mixed Bed of Enhalus, Thalassia, Cymodocea

rotundata, Halodule pinifolia, Halophila ovalis


]bYXM]bYX $ +,2.), I'2


70/163

]bYX ]bYX* +,2.),*I'2


]bYXM]bYX $ S,#4,((/3 I'2


71/163

]bYX ]bYX* S,#4,((/3*I'2SARGASSUM BED


"h&"-&.>:EM?:EM WSW @:


72/163

Manicani

125.605404 E10.970783 N

125.660127 E10.969608 N

125.657642 E11.016923 N

Coral Reef

151 ha.

Seagrass6.6 ha.


Mangrove20 ha.

Mangrove4 ha.

Manicani

SALCEDO"h&"-&./:H:EF: `Y @:


73/163

Camanga

Mangrove Area66 ha.

Seagrass Area43 ha.



125.591672 E11.123161 N

125.591879 E11.107749 N

125.612485 E11.108004 N



&@:P:GGM:'@6HK8M?@MM

#;8MEF(QM9H'MG(6IM)(PM9H'Jg'&@:P:GGM:


74/163

Suluan

125.816767 E10.933342 N

125.833434 E10.933342 N

125.816767 E10.941675 N

Coral Reef256.2 ha.

Seagrass139.5 ha.

Coliform sampling

sitePlanktonsampling site


Thalassia bed w/Halimeda.

macroloba

SALCEDO"h&"-&.>:PMJ:PMJ BCSO @:


75/163

MaliwaliwMangroves

196 ha. Seagrass20.9 ha.



125.542695 E11.116699 N



125.543636 E11.080366 N

125.601491 E11.07937 N

Mangroves199 ha.


TRANSECT-QUADRAT METHOD

QUADRAT ! COVER, DENSITY, BIOMASS


76/163

TRANSECT LAID AT THE START OF SEAGRASS BED TO THE END, PERPENDICULAR TO THE

SHORE

3 MEASURES WIDTH OF THE BED, ZONES


77/163

/(HH9EMI;'#I89?I986N''#:KPMEFG

A B/(HH(E'


78/163

; K F

C D

E F

!6Q*PF:6


/(HH(E 38(JE *PF:6


79/163

/(HH(E'38(JE'*PF:6

A B

DC

E


/(HH(E +866E *PF:6


80/163

B

G

H

A

C

D

E

I

F

/(HH(E'+866E'*PF:6



81/163

#"*+!*##/1Z"!',-'T"!'/"-&


82/163

Per cent cover of seagrasses per species in sites studied.Legend: BUT=Butig; PAB=BuroburoBuro-buro, Pagnamitan; CAM=Camanga; MAL=Maliwaliw; MAN= Manicani I.sland; NGO=Ngolos;SUL=Sulangan; SLU=Suluan Is.I.; PAP=Bungtod, Pagnamitan. CR = Cymodocea rotundata;CS = Cymodocea serrulata; E A = Enhalusacoroides; HO = Halophila ovalis; HU = Halodule uninervis; TH = Thalassia hemprichii; SI = Syringodium isoetifolium; HP = Halodulepinifolia.


#"*+!*##'0"-#,&d


83/163

. Density (in number of shoots m-2) of seagrasses per species in sites studied. Legend: BUT=Butig; PAB=BuroburoBuro-buro,Pagnamitan; CAM=Camanga; MAL=Maliwaliw; MAN= Manicani I.sland; NGO=Ngolos; SUL=Sulangan; SLU=Suluan Is.I.;PAP=Bungtod, Pagnamitan. CR = Cymodocea rotundata;CS = Cymodocea serrulata; EA = Enhalus acoroides; HU = Haloduleuninervis; T H = Thalassia hemprichii; S I = Syringodium isoetifolium; HP = Halodule pinifolia


#"*+!*##'3,1>*##


84/163

Figure 2.1.9.3.1.3. Biomass (in grams dry weight m-2) of seagrasses per species in sites studied. Legend: BUT=Butig;PAB=BuroburoBuro-buro, Pagnamitan; CAM=Camanga; MAL=Maliwaliw; MAN= Manicani I.sland; NGO=Ngolos; SUL=Sulangan;SLU=Suluan Is.I.; PAP=Bungtod, Pagnamitan. CR = Cymodocea rotundata;CS = Cymodocea serrulata; EA = Enhalus acoroides; HO =Halophila ovalis; H U = Halodule uninervis; T H = Thalassia hemprichii; SI = Syringodium isoetifolium; HP = Halodule pinifolia


#"*+!*##'5*$-*!M('-:F9MI


85/163

F


86/163

T"!'/"-&'/1>T1#,&,1-'3d'>*]1!'+!1$T#

Major Taxa GUIUAN SALCEDO

SUL NGO SLU MAN PAB CAL BUT CAM MAL

Porifera 53.58 9.85 77.71 4.82 7.84 20.88 6.24 34.01 17.84

Anthozoa 0.14 3.88 3.05 3.61 1.08 2.01 0.24

Scyphozoa 36.75 0.80

Ophiuroidea 0.70 6.87 2.96 0.80 25.36 0.51 1.10

Asteroidea 7.16 1.52 3.21 1.09 1.20 0.56 2.93 10.95

Echinoidea0.56 3.28 3.55 11.24 26.89 65.31 21.12 16.93

Holothuroidea 0.98 19.76 11.65 2.01 2.51 3.87 3.60

Polycheata 0.11 0.78

Crustacea 0.14 0.30 4.30 0.61

Bivalvia 2.95 29.25 22.49 10.01 8.59 7.97 41.62

Prosobranchia 3.79 15.82 9.69 41.37 21.23 73.90 15.37 30.10 7.19

Opisthobranchia 0.42 3.88 1.02 1.07 0.03

i. Mespilia globuluscommon in

Camanga

#"*+!*##'5*$-*',-0"h 15 0,Z"!#,&d *-0 01>,-*-/"


87/163

,-0"h'15'0,Z"!#,&d'*-0'01>,-*-/"

GUIUAN SALCEDO

SUL NGO

S

L

U MAN PAB CAL BUT CAM MAL

N 403.25 93.25 105.82 62.25 176.75 62.25 624.67 116.5 106.5

No.of Species 27 31 24 21 42 10 45 39 34

species richness (s-1/log N) 4.33 6.61 4.93 4.84 8.12 2.18 6.84 7.99 7.07

Dominance, c0.36

40.11

0 0.2370.09

20.21

80.49

90.43

00.11

80.08

0

Species Diversity(Shannon) 1.44 2.68 1.95 2.66 2.19 1.09 1.65 2.68 2.12



88/163

GKLQWKLQW $ G,H#"5,/),


89/163

Dolabella auricularia

Hippocampus comes

GKLQWKLQW* G,H#"5,/),

Tridacna crocea

SbLK!NK! $ G,H#"5,/),


90/163

SbLK!NK!* G,H#"5,/),

f.Upside down jellyfish, Cassiopeiasp. common in Sulangan

!NXLXS $ G,H#"5,/),


91/163

!NXLXS* G,H#"5,/),

j2.1.3.5. Holothuria hilladominant in Ngolos


92/163


93/163

e.Trachycardium flavumfrom Butig


94/163

a. Actinopygasp. highly valued inCamanga

b. Slipper lobster, Thenus orientalismost targeted

by fisherman in Maliwaliw

c. Mantis shrimp, Gonodactylus viridisfrom Butig

d.Barbatia foliata harvested for local

consumption in Butig



95/163


96/163

Deforestation in the upland caused by mining operation.


Z,S'/1!*%#A'!""5'>*/!1,-Z"!'*-0'!""5'


97/163

/P:8MGG:'!67(I(E'\?(8:PGVA'*E:PM6'/:EQMQ('\H:?8(MEL68IGVA'38M:E'#I(?XJ6PP'\866)')MG@VS'&(HH;'#?@9PI['\H:KKMEFV':EQ'%6('%:?:7:'\?(HH9EMI;'K:8IE68V

"h&"-& &(I:P'?(8:P'866)':86:'ME'+9M9:E':EQ'#:P?6Q('f'W


98/163

Ngolos

Sulangan

Candulom

Mangroves 8 ha.

Mangroves 1.9 ha.

Seagrass38 ha.




125.841692 E10.960775 N

125.793721 E10.917526 N

125.842859 E10.917610 N



"h&"-&.-F(P(G DOSY @:


99/163


125.816767 E

"h&"-&.#9P9:E B=WSB@:


100/163

Suluan

125.816767 E10.933342 N

125.833434 E10.933342 N

10.941675 N

Coral Reef256.2 ha.

Seagrass140 ha.

Coliform samplingsitePlankton

sampling site



125 657642 E

"h&"-&.>:EM?:EM


101/163

Manicani

125.605404 E10.970783 N

125.660127 E10.969608 N

125.657642 E11.016923 N

Coral Reef151 ha.

Seagrass140 ha.


Mangrove20 ha.

Mangrove4 ha.

SALCEDO"h&"-&.39IMFA'


102/163

Buabua

Bobon Point

Butig

Mangroves250 ha.

Seagrass139 ha.


sampling site


125.650025 E11.116669 N

125.683358 E11.116669 N

125.650025 E11.083336 N



SALCEDO

125.591672 E11 123161 N

"h&"-&./:H:EF:'YB'@:.19IGMQ6'GI:IM(E'


103/163

Camanga

Mangrove Area66 ha.

Seagrass Area68 ha.

Plankton

sampling site


11.123161 N

125.591879 E11.107749 N

125.612485 E11.108004 N



SALCEDO"h&"-&.>:PMJ:PMJ'O'@:.19IGMQ6'GI:IM(E'\T:FQ9Q;::E'!66)V'D'@:


104/163

Maliwaliw

Mangroves196 ha. Seagrass

21 ha.



125.542695 E11.116699 N



125.543636 E11.080366 N

125.601491 E11.07937 N

Mangroves199 ha.


/1!*%#


105/163

#K6?M6G'/(HK(GMIM(EN''+('I('*KK6EQM^'BS(EIMK(8:'G:H:86EGMG

MQ6EIM)M6Q'7;'-6H6E[('ME'


106/163

c H$ c H$ c H $

GUIUAN

Sulangan 0.3793 1.5628 0.1130 2.7657 0.1534 2.6683

Ngolos 0.2125 2.1232 0.1229 2.7588 0.1141 2.7705

Suluan 0.1829 1.9894 0.1033 2.6590 0.0853 2.8855

Manicani-

MS 0.1374 2.5671 0.0793 3.0181 0.0575 3.3231

Manicani-

Out 0.4224 1.1447

SALCEDO

Butig 0.0625 3.1923

Outside

Butig 0.1794 2.4888

Camanga-

MS 0.4630 1.1840 0.1222 2.3709 0.1695 2.1966

Camanga-

Out 0.1926 2.0140

Maliwaliw-

MS 0.1801 1.9990 0.1630 2.1370 0.1370 2.3399

Maliwaliw-

Out 0.2196 1.9711

sanctuary as a whole (3.32)

and among deep stations

(3.02) coincided with its

highest number of hard coralspecies (137). Conversely,

this obtained the lowest in

dominance (0.06 and 0.08,

respectively).

The station outside thesanctuary in Cambasingan

obtained the lowest number of

hard coral species with only 50

for the whole site and the

lowest diversity among deepstations (1.14). Conversely,

dominance was highest (0.42).Distinctly dominant was

branching Porites cylindrica.

SILLIMAN UNIVERSITY

Dumaguete City

Mean cover (%) of benthic categories in 7 stations

T68'/6EI'/(L68':EQ'!66)'/(EQMIM(E


107/163

!

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3*

3-,4;-,4;6

3*

* 8-841.2

3

Documents

RSA-VISAYAN CLUSTER2