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APFC Relay
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INSTRUCTION MANUAL FOR
RPM-8
Reactive Power Manager
Relay 8 Stage
CONTENTS
Sl.No. Topic Description Page No.
1.0 Introduction 1
2.0 Installation & Wiring 4
3.0 Settings & Programming 8
3.2 Menu Structure 11
4.0 Display & Menu Operations 12
5.0 RPM-8 Operation 21
6.0 Alarms in RPM-8 25
7.0 Technical Specifications 28
8.0 Warranty 32
Appendix-1 Guidelines for Cap. Bank selection 33
Appendix-2 Effect of high rate of load fluctuation 34
-1-
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Reactive Power Manager Relay (Model RPM-8) is designed for
automatic control of capacitor banks in 3 phase 4 wire LT distribution
systems. The relay maintains the system power factor at a set value,
under fluctuating load conditions, by connecting or disconnecting
capacitor banks to the 415V bus. The relay employs state of the art
micro controller design for measurement of reactive power
compensation required, system power factor, voltage and current. A
specially formulated optimization program for capacitor bank switching
ensures accurate power factor control at the set point and hunt free
operation.
RPM-8 is designed to control up to 8 capacitor banks. The front panel
arrangements and other features of the unit are explained in the
following sections:
1.1 Non uniform Banks: RPM-8 can accept capacitor banks whose
values are at random (i.e.) it is not necessary to connect banks in
ratios of 1: 1: 1: or 1: 2: 2: or 1: 2: 4: etc. The kVAR ratings of the banks can be in any random denomination. It is not necessary
that the banks should be in multiples of the smallest bank. This
feature helps in providing maximum kVAR compensation with
least number of banks (the number banks can go up to 8)
2
-2-
1.2 Bank Configuration: The user will have facility to enter the
bank size of each bank (in kVAR) at the time of commissioning.
Any bank which is not connected will have to be entered as zero
kVAR. The banks whose values are entered as zero will be
treated as unconnected banks. The relay will not switch these
zero value banks in its normal operation. Consequently the time for PF correction will be minimized.
1.3 Automatic c/k selection: The user need not perform complicated
mathematics to calculate c/k ratio and set in the relay. The relay
will do the PF correction without the need for c/k ratio. It
automatically calculates the threshold kVAR by taking into
account the bank values already entered. Hence there is no need
to set the c/k ratio.
1.4 Accurate display of Power Factor: The unit uses a specially
designed measurement circuit, which facilitates accurate
measurement and steady display of PF, even in conditions where
harmonics are present.
1.5 Optimization of connected banks: RPM-8 will constantly
monitor the kVAR compensation required and select the right
combination of banks to ensure that the plant PF is maintained
very close or equal to the set value.
1.6 Hunt Free operation: A unique optimization program for bank
switching, combined with online monitoring of total reactive
compensation required as mentioned above, ensures that the relay
does not hunt at a bank value during load fluctuations. 3
-3-
1.7 Multi parameter Display: RPM-8 has a 4 digits, seven segment,
super bright LED display on the front panel. The unit shows the
plant PF as a default display. On demand, the unit can also
display feeder current, bus voltage, kVAR, settings and bank
values.
1.8 Measurement sensitivity of 1%: The unit can continue PF
correction even when the load current goes up to 1% of the rated
value. Thus PF correction is ensured even in very low load
conditions (like in night times or during the initial stages of a
plant commissioning).
1.9 Alarms: RPM-8 provides an alarm contact whenever there is an
abnormality like over voltage, under current, CT polarity reversal, over compensation and under compensation.
1.10 Design Philosophy: RPM-8 uses a unique combination of two
powerful, state of the art integrated circuits one for doing analog measurements accurately and the other for doing the peripheral
functions efficiently. The analog IC carries out the measurement
of Voltage, current, active energy and apparent energy with the
accuracy levels required in energy measurement instruments. The
measured values are transferred to a high memory micro
controller with built in EEPROM which carries out the peripheral functions like display, switching logic and push button
access for menu options. Consequently, the circuit has very few
components, which increases the reliability of the device as a
whole. 4
-4-
2.0 INSTALLATION & WIRING
2.1 Preliminary checks: The relay package consists of:
- 1 no. RPM-8 Relay - 2 nos. mounting clamps - 1 no. Instruction Manual - 1 no. Test certificate
Check the RPM-8 relay for any damage. If damaged, please
inform nearest L&T office or dealer. If found OK, follow the
instructions below for basic functional checks:
a) Remove the terminal cover from the rear terminal block and Connect 240 V AC supply at terminals 1 & 2.
b) Switch on the supply voltage. The display will show PFR8, the power factor and then the error code uCrr. The LEDs
marked Auto and Alarm will glow continuously. All other
LEDs will remain off.
If the unit has passed above checks, it is ready for panel
mounting.
5
-5-
2.1 MOUNTING ON PANEL:
RPM-8 relay is designed for flush mounting on any control panel.
Please refer to the dimensional drawing shown below for
understanding the overall & cutout dimensions of RPM-8.
Provide a cut-out of 138mm x 138 mm on the panel. Push the RPM-8
relay through the cut out and fix the relay to the panel by means of the
two mounting clamps.
6
-6-
2.3 WIRING OF RPM-8 RELAY ON PANEL:
Please refer wiring diagram shown below (the same is affixed on
top side of the unit). There are 4 groups of connections as
explained below:
a) Auxiliary supply to RPM-8: Please connect R phase voltage
of the capacitor bank panel to terminals 1 & 2 of the unit. Please
note that it should be 240 V AC 50 Hz supply (Phase to neutral
voltage). Phase is connected to 1 terminal and neutral is
connected to the 2 terminal of the unit. RPM-8 uses this supply
as the auxiliary supply for electronic circuit as well as
measuring voltage for PF and kVAR computation. 7
-7-
b) CT input to RPM-8: The unit is suitable for connecting to CT secondary of either 1A or 5A rating. Please ensure that the CT
is on R phase. CT secondary is to be connected as follows:
1A rating Terminals 8 & 9 5A rating Terminals 7 & 9
c) Supply to Capacitor Bank contactor coil supply: RPM-8 is meant for connecting up to 8 capacitor banks through external
contactors. Consequently it provides 8 relay contact outputs.
- One terminal of all 8 contactor coils is to be connected to neutral of the contactor coil supply.
- The other terminal of each of the contactor coil has to be connected to RPM-8 terminals 17 to 24 as shown in the
wiring diagram.
- The phase supply of contactor coil should be connected to terminal 14 of RPM-8
d) Alarm Circuit: RPM-8 provides a change over contact at terminals 4, 5, 6.
this is an 8A rated contact and can be used for energizing a buzzer.
Note: Please ensure that:
a) The auxiliary supply is 240 V ac b) The CT is on the same phase as the auxiliary supply c) Earth connection to the relay is provided properly
8
-8-
The relay terminals are suitable for 2.5 sq.mm lugs. After
completing the wiring, fix the protective cover back on the terminal
block with the help of 4 screws.
3.0 SETTINGS & PROGRAMMING
3.1 FRONT PANEL OF RPM-8
As shown in Fig. 1 on page 9, the front panel of RPM-8 has the
following provisions:
3.1.1. 4 digit seven segment LED display:
The on line measured values and various set values will be
displayed in the seven segment display. The default display is
the plant PF. All other parameters are to be read by
manipulating the PBs as explained in Section 4.
3.1.2 A row of 8 nos. Capacitor bank status LEDs:
The row of 8 LEDs will indicate Capacitor bank (CB) on / off
status. Since the relay is meant for connecting up to 8 stages of
capacitor banks, there are 8 LEDs in a row, each with the bank
number associated with it.
If a particular LED is on, the respective CB is switched on. If
the LED is off, the respective CB is switched off. For example,
if LED 4 is on, capacitor bank 4 (CB04) is switched on.
9
-9-
Fig.-1
10
-10-
3.1.3 A column 5 nos. Plant status Leeds:
The column of 5 LEDs indicates the plant status.
Lead LED will be ON during leading PF in the plant.
Lag LED will be ON during lagging PF in the plant.
Auto LED will be ON at all times, except when the PBs are pressed for some kind of manual operation. This LED indicates
that the RPM-8 relay is in auto mode of PF correction.
Manual LED will come ON whenever the RPM-8 relay is taken in to manual mode of operation.
Alarm LED will come ON if the plant goes into any of the alarm conditions as explained in Section 6.
3.1.4 Push buttons (PBs):
The 4 PBs, marked as Menu, , , and Enter are used to view display parameters, settings in the relay and to change /
programmed the settings in the relay as is explained in detail in
Section 4.
11
.-11-
....12
-12-
4.0 DISPLAY & MENU OPERATIONS RPM-8 will display plant PF at all times as a default display. The
user can also view and programme many other parameters as
explained in following sections.
4.1.1 Main Menu: Connect auxiliary supply to RPM-8. Press the PBs in the
sequence shown in the table below and observe the respective
displays.
Operation Display
Press Menu d.dAt
Press d.SEt
Press P.SEt
Press d.dAt
It can be seen that, when the Menu PB is pressed, it opens up
three more sub menu options namely:
a) d.dAt : In this option, RPM-8 displays on line data.
b) d.SEt : In this option, RPM-8 displays all the parameter Settings.
c) P.SEt : In this option, user can change the set parameters.
(Programme settings).
13
-13-
4.1.2 Online value display - d.dAt menu options: As mentioned earlier, this sub menu helps user to view on line
values. Following table shows the procedure to view on line
values:
Display of measured values
Operation Display Remarks
Press Menu d.dAt
Press Enter volt Displays value of phase to
neutral voltage of the bus. Press Enter 0246
Press Enter Cur Displays value of feeder
Current Press Enter 0127
Press Enter vAr Displays plant kVAr value
Press Enter 0056
Press Enter volt Repeat show
14
-14-
4.3 Parameter settings display - d.SEt menu options
This sub menu helps the user to view all settings of various
feeder parameters as listed below:
Display of parameter settings
Operation Display Remarks
Press Menu d.dAt
Press d.Set Choose dset option
Press Enter TrPF Display of
Target PF Press Enter 00.98
Press Enter CtSl Display of CT secondary
rating (1A or 5A) Press Enter 0005
Press Enter Ctrt Display of feeder
CT ratio Press Enter 0050
Press Enter Td Display of interbank
Switch on delay (sec) Press Enter 0030
Press Enter Cb01 Display of kVAR
connected at Bank1 Press Enter 0005
Press Enter Cb02 Display of kVAR
connected at Bank2 Press Enter 0010
Press Enter Cb03 Display of kVAR
connected at Bank3 Press Enter 0015
Press Enter Cb04 Display of kVAR
connected at Bank4 Press Enter 0020
.15
-15-
Display of parameter settings (contd)
Operation Display Remarks
Press Enter Cb05 Display of kVAR
connected at Bank5 Press Enter 0025
Press Enter Cb06 Display of kVAR
connected at Bank6 Press Enter 0030
Press Enter Cb07 Display of kVAR
connected at Bank7 Press Enter 0040
Press Enter Cb08 Display of kVAR
connected at Bank8 Press Enter 0050
Press Enter TrPF Repeat show
4.4 Parameter programming - P.SEt menu option:
This option helps the user to programme the feeder parameters in
RPM-8. Once the feeder parameters are entered correctly, the
RPM-8 will do PF correction automatically, 24 hours a day.
Before entering into this menu, please keep the following feeder
related values at hand.
- the CT ratio - kVAR values of all banks connected at stages 1 to 8
- recommended time delay in sec. for inter bank switch on - target PF required to be achieved
Since Programming/changing the set values in the RPM-8 is an
authorized function, entry into P.Set option is made tricky. Please
refer table below for entering into PSEt option and do
programming. 16
-16-
Parameter Programming P.SEt Menu
Operation Display Remarks
Press Menu d.dAt
Press d.Set Choose d.set option
Press P.Set Choose P.set option
Press Enter, then , and release Enter
TrPF Ready to change target
pF setting
Press Enter 00.95
(flash)
Set value of target PF
(00.95) will flash
Press for increase or for decrease of display value trPF
00.98
(flash)
The trPF value is
changed to 00.98 (will
remain flashing)
Press Enter (after
reaching the desired
value for trPF
setting)
CtSl
New trPF value is
registered. Next setting
CT sec. ready is ready to
be changed.
Press Enter 0005
(flash)
The set value of CT sec
(0005) will flash
Press for increase or for decrease of display value Ctrt
0001
(flash)
The new CtSl value is
changed to 0001 (1A)
(will remain flashing)
Press Enter (after
reaching the desired
value of CtSL sec
setting)
Ctrt The CtSL value is
registered. Next setting
CT ratio is ready to be
changed
17
-17-
Parameter Programming (contd)
Operation Display Remarks
Press Enter 0250
(flash)
The set value of CT ratio
(0250) will flash
Press for increase or for decrease of display value Ctrt
0300
(flash)
The new Ctrt value is
changed to 0300 (will
remain flashing)
Press Enter (after
reaching the desired
value for Ctrt
setting)
Td The Ctrt value is
registered. Next setting
Cap. Bank switch on
time delay is ready to be
changed
Press Enter 0035
(flash)
The set value of time
delay (0035) will flash
Press for increase or for decrease of display value td
0030
(flash)
The new td value is
changed to 0030 sec
(will remain flashing)
Press Enter (after
reaching the desired
value for td setting)
Cb01
The td value is
registered. Next setting,
Bank 1 kVAR value is
ready to be changed.
Press Enter 0001
(flash)
Already set value of
Bank 1 kVAR (0001)
will flash
Press for increase or for decrease of display value Cb01
0005
(flash)
CB01 value is changed to
0005 kVAR
(will remain flashing) 18
-18-
Parameter Programming (contd)
Operation Display Remarks
Press Enter (after
reaching the desired
value for Cb01
setting)
Cb02
The new Cb01 value is
registered. Next setting,
Bank 2 kVAR value is
ready to be changed.
Press Enter 0003
(flash)
Already set value of
Bank 2 kVAR (0003)
will flash
Press for increase or for decrease of display value Cb02
0010
(flash)
CB02 value has been
changed to 0010 kVAR
(will remain flashing)
Press Enter (after
reaching the desired
value for Cb02
setting)
Cb03
The new Cb02 value is
registered. Next setting,
Bank 3 kVAR value is
ready to be changed.
Press Enter 0006
(flash)
Already set value of bank
3 kVAR (0006) will flash
Press for increase or for decrease of display value Cb03
0015
(flash)
CB03 value has been
changed to 0015 kVAR
(will remain flashing)
Press Enter (after
reaching the desired
value for Cb03
setting)
Cb04
The new Cb03 value is
registered. Next setting,
Bank 4 kVAR value is
ready to be changed.
19
-19-
Parameter Programming (contd)
Operation Display Remarks
Press Enter 0008
(flash)
Already set value of bank
4 kVAR (0008) will flash
Press for increase or for decrease of display value Cb04
0020
(flash)
CB04 value has been
changed to 0020 kVAR
(will remain flashing)
Press Enter (after
reaching the desired
value for Cb04
setting)
Cb05
The new Cb04 value is
registered. Next setting,
Bank 5 kVAR value is
ready to be changed.
Press Enter 0010
(flash)
Already set value of bank
5 kVAR (0010) will flash
Press for increase or for decrease of display value Cb05
0025
(flash)
CB05 value has been
changed to 0025 kVAR
(will remain flashing)
Press Enter (after
reaching the desired
value for Cb05
setting)
Cb06
The new Cb05 value is
registered. Next setting,
Bank 6 kVAR value is
ready to be changed.
Press Enter 0015
(flash)
Already set value of bank
6 kVAR (0015) will flash
Press for increase or for decrease of display value Cb06
0030
(flash)
CB06 value has been
changed to 0030 kVAR
(will remain flashing) 20
-20-
Parameter Programming (contd)
Operation Display Remarks
Press Enter (after
reaching the desired
value for Cb06
setting)
Cb07
The new Cb06 value is
registered. Next setting,
Bank 7 kVAR value is
ready to be changed.
Press Enter 0020
(flash)
Already set value of bank
7 kVAR (0020) will flash
Press for increase or for decrease of display value Cb07
0035
(flash)
CB07 value has been
changed to 0035 kVAR
(will remain flashing)
Press Enter (after
reaching the desired
value for Cb07
setting)
Cb08
The new Cb07 value is
registered. Next setting,
Bank 8 kVAR value is
ready to be changed.
Press Enter 0025
(flash)
Already set value of bank
8 kVAR (0025) will flash
Press for increase or for decrease of display value Cb08
0040
(flash)
CB08 value has been
changed to 0040 kVAR
(will remain flashing)
Press Enter (after
reaching the desired
value for Cb08
setting)
TrPF
The new Cb08 value is
registered and the menu
will return to the first
parameter, the target PF
21
-21-
As can be seen, there are a total of 11 parameters to be set
in the relay RPM-8 for satisfactory PF control.
5.0 RPM-8 OPERATION Main objective of RPM-8 relay to perform PF control in a LT
sub-station, by adding or deleting capacitor banks to / from a
three phase 415V bus.
RPM-8 can work in two modes - Auto and manual mode.
5.1.1 Operation in Auto mode: Whenever powered on, RPM-8 goes into auto mode operation by default (since its function is to
correct power factor automatically). No special activity is
required to bring the unit to auto mode.
In this mode, the unit continuously displays the plant PF,
measures the required kVAR for compensation and carries out
the power factor correction as per set parameters automatically,
without any intervention from the operator.
5.1.2 Operation in Manual mode: In this mode the user can add or delete capacitor banks by pressing the PBs on the front panel of
the RPM-8. The main purpose of providing this feature is to
check the wiring of RPM-8 to various banks, while
commissioning.
Procedure for manual operation is explained in following table.
22
-22-
Manual addition of Capacitor banks from RPM-8
Operation Display Remarks
Press Menu d.dAt
Press d.Set Choose dset menu
Press Enter TrPF Display of target PF
Press Enter 00.98
Press Enter CtSL Display of CT Ratio
Press Enter 0005
Press Enter Ctrt Display of CT sec. Rating
Press Enter 0250
Press Enter Td Display of time bank switching
time delay Press Enter 0030
Press Enter Cb01 Display of Bank 1 kVAR value
Press Enter 0005
Press 0005 Bank 1 will be switched on.
Press 0005 Bank 1 will be switched off.
Press Enter CB02 Display of Bank 2 kVAR
Press Enter 0010
Press 0010 Bank 2 will be switched on.
Press 0010 Bank 2 will be switched off.
Press Enter CB03 Display of Bank 3 kVAR
Press Enter 0015
.23
-23-
Manual addition of Capacitor banks from RPM-8 (Contd.)
Operation Display Remarks
Press 0015 Bank 3 will be switched on.
Press 0015 Bank 3 will be switched off.
Press Enter CB04 Display of Bank 4 kVAR
Press Enter 0020
Press 0020 Bank 4 will be switched on.
Press 0020 Bank 4 will be switched off.
Press Enter CB05 Display of Bank 5 kVAR
Press Enter 0025
Press 0025 Bank 5 will be switched on.
Press 0025 Bank 5 will be switched off.
Press Enter CB06 Display of Bank 6 kVAR
Press Enter 0030
Press 0030 Bank 6 will be switched on.
Press 0030 Bank 6 will be switched off.
Press Enter CB07 Display of Bank 7 kVAR
Press Enter 0035
Press 0035 Bank 7 will be switched on.
Press 0035 Bank 7 will be switched off.
Press Enter CB08 Display of Bank 8 kVAR
Press Enter 0040
Press 0040 Bank 8 will be switched on.
Press 0040 Bank 8 will be switched off.
24
-24-
It should be noted that, RPM-8 goes to manual
Mode, only when any PB is pressed on the front
panel. If no PB is pressed for more than 30 sec
(approx.), the unit returns to Auto mode by itself.
In manual mode, the unit does not perform any measurement
or PF correction. The operator is expected to do the PF
correction by manually adding / deleting the capacitor banks.
In case it is required to do PF correction in manual mode for
a long duration, following provisions should be made on the
PF correction panel.
a) A pair of dedicated On/Off PBs for each capacitor bank b) An Auto/Manual switch - This switch has to be kept in Auto position when the PF
correction is to be done automatically by RPM-8. Wiring
should be such that, the phase supply of all contactor coils
will be connected to terminal 14 of RPM-8 only if the this
switch is in auto position.
- The switch is to be kept in manual position, when capacitor banks are to be added / deleted manually. When in manual
position, the phase supply of all contactor coils will be
disconnected to terminal 14 of RPM-8.
25
-25-
- Thus the RPM-8 will be prevented to do any capacitor bank addition /deletion. However, the operator is free to add /
delete the capacitor banks by means of the dedicated PBs on
the main control panel. The RPM-8 will keep indicating the
PF and guiding the operator as to whether the target PF has
been reached or not.
6.0 ALARMS IN RPM-8 RPM-8 is designed to provide alarms under 5 abnormal
conditions. The alarm will be in the form of a change over
contact output at terminals 4, 5, 6 and an error code display on
the front seven segments LED. Following are the details of
alarms.
6.1.1 CT polarity reversal ( Ctrv ) : As explained earlier, the RPM-8 needs a 240 V AC input and
1A/5A CT secondary input for measuring PF and kVAR. Both
these inputs must be from the same phase in the APFC panel.
Some times the polarity of S1 & S2 terminals of CT may be
reversed when connecting the CT input to RPM-8. If this
happens, the PF calculations will go wrong. RPM-8 has a built in
check system for detecting CT polarity problem at the
commissioning stage itself.
Immediately after power on, with all banks in switched off
condition, the unit will show Ctrv display if there is a CT
reversal. At the same time the alarm contact will come on. This
alarm is indicated only for first 30 second. 26
-26-
If this alarm is observed following must be done:
a) Switch off the voltage connection b) Short the CT secondary terminals at the terminal strip at
bottom of the panel
c) Interchange the CT connection at terminals 9 & 7of RPM-8 d) Power on again and ensure that the alarm is off.
6.2 Under Current Alarm (Ucrr):
RPM-8 is designed to work up to a load current level of 1% of
rated value. Some times this current can go even below 1% - any
PF correction at this stage may take the plant to leading PF state
for a long time - which may not be desirable. RPM-8 gives an
alarm Ucrr under such conditions and all the capacitor banks will be switched off so that plant PF does not go to leading PF
unnecessarily.
6.3 Over Compensation alarm ( OCPn ):
Many times, if the load is small, the PF may go lead even without
the least capacitor bank on. This is a case of over compensation this will result in pulling down average PF of the plant.
RPM-8 will give OCPn alarm under such condition
6.4 Under compensation ( UCPn )
There can be condition (particularly when the plant is on full
load) that all 8 banks are switched on but the target PF is not reached.
27
-27-
This is a clear indication that the capacitor banks, as sized, are
inadequate for the plant. Under such conditions, RPM-8 will give
UCPn alarm so that user can re-configure the capacitor bank sizes.
6.5 Over Voltage alarm ( OvoL ) RPM-8 has a built in over voltage protection at +20% of rated
voltage (288 V). If the input voltage exceeds the 2885 V point, the RPM-8 will give OvoL alarm. At the same time all banks will
be switched off so that, the capacitor banks are saved from
exposure to over voltages.
28
-28-
7.0 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF RPM-8
Voltage Input 240V AC 15%, 50 Hz, Current Input 5A / 1A from CT secondary
(Field selectable)
Rated Frequency 50 Hz 2.5%
Accuracy of 1% 1digit between 0.7 lag to 0.8 lead
PF Display other ranges 2% 1digit.
Accuracy of other 2% digit
Display Parameter
Target PF setting 0.7 lags to 0.9 lead
CT ratio For 1 Amp secondary 1 to 6400
For 5 Amp secondary 1 to 1280
Threshold reactive Auto
Current setting (C/K ratio)
Bank selection Relay will recognize number of
Connected banks automatically
Bank configuration Suitable for non-uniform cap. Banks
Safety lock out time 30 sec 10%
Auto / Manual Operation Selectable ..29
-29-
Capacitor bank a) 1 to 250sec in steps of 1 sec
Switching on delay for switching between two
different banks
b) 60 sec for same
Bank switching
(Timing Accuracy 10%)
Operational LEDs for all relays status Indicators LED for `ALARM`
LED for `AUTO/MANUAL`
LEDs for Lead / Lag
Four 7-segment displays for display of
Plant PF, Current, kVAR, ALARM-Codes,
capacitor bank values, Target PF, and
Time delay for switching.
Power Factor From 1% to 120% of rated current
Control Range
Burden < 0.3 VA at CT input at nominal
voltage
< 15VA at PT input at nominal voltage
Out put contacts a) 8 nos. N/O contacts for bank
contactor switching
b) 1 N/O for alarm
30
-30-
Contact rating 250V AC, 5A for bank contactor
switching, 250V AC, 6A for alarm
Resistance to As per IEC 255-21-1/2 Class 1
Vibration &Shocks
Temperature Operating Temperature 00 to 60
0 C
Storage temperature -200 to 70
0 C
Case Front Bezel 144 x 144 mm
Panel Cutout 138 x 138 mm
Depth 100 mm
Weight 2 kg approx.
Electrical Performance specifications:
a) Insulation As per IEC 60255-5, 2 kV AC, RMS, 50 Hz for one
minute across independent circuits & 1 kV AC, RMS,
50 Hz for one minute across open contacts
b) Impulse withstand 5 kV (CM), 2kV (DM) peak, 1.2/50 micro sec, as per IEC
60255-5
31
-31-
c) Surge Immunity As per IEC 61000-4-5, Level 4, 4 kV (CM), 2kV (DM)
d) Electrical fast Transient As per IEC 60255-22-4, 2 kV, 5 kHz
e) Conducted Disturbance As per IEC 61000-4-6, Level 3, 10V, 150 kHz to 80 MHz
f) Electro Static Discharge As per IEC 60255-22-2, air discharge 8 kV
g) Immunity to voltage Variations, dips and short Interrupts
As per IEC 61000-4-11, 200 ms
32
-32-
8.0 WARRANTY
LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED (L&T) warrants that the
protective Relay model RPM-8 will meet L&Ts published specifications and will be free from defects in workmanship and
materials for a period of 12 months from the date of shipment.
L&Ts obligation under this warranty shall be limited to servicing or replacing the defective parts provided that notice of
such defects and satisfactory proof thereof is given to L&T by
its customer within the warranty period.
This warranty does not cover any defect caused by accident,
misuse, neglect alteration, modification or substitution of any of
the components or parts or any attempts at internal adjustment by
unauthorized service personnel.
Under no circumstances shall L&T be liable for any
consequential damage, resulting injury, loss or expense, directly
or indirectly, arising from the use of this product.
This forgoing warranty is in lieu of all other warranties
expressed or implied and is the sole and exclusive remedy for
any claim arising from the defect in the product.
.33
-33-
Appendix-1
Guidelines for selection of Capacitor Bank size:
The RPM-8 relay will continuously evaluate the required kVAR
compensation and keep adding to the bus- thus bringing the plant PF
close to the set value. Some times, in operation, RPM-8 may not find
the closest match for the required kVAR and may stop adding. This
may result in a PF much less than the set target.
In order that RPM-8 brings the plant PF closest to target PF, the
system should have right denomination of capacitor banks as
required by the load conditions of the plant. To determine, the right
denomination of bank sizes (8 in total), following approach may be
followed:
Plant kVAR requirement
>100kVAR
Plant kVAR requirement
< 100kVAR
Bank
no.
Size (kVAR) Bank no. Size (kVAR)
1 X 1 X
2 2X 2 X
3 3X 3 2X
4 5X 4 2X
5 10X 5 3X
6 20X 6 5X
7 30X 7 10X
8 40X 8 15X
34
-34-
Appendix-2
Effect of high rate of load fluctuation on PF control:
RPM-8 corrects PF by adding or deleting the connected capacitor
banks. As per the requirement of standards for Capacitor banks, the
banks are switched on / off with a set time delay. This inter bank
switch on delay is normally of the order of 15 to 30 sec.
In case the loads are fluctuating faster than this 15 sec, the time delay
can be reduced to the order of 5 sec. However, whenever the same
bank is switched on, the delay is preset to 60 sec as required by the
Standards. It can now be seen that whenever the load fluctuates in
less than 15 sec period, the switching action of RPM-8 may not
match with the correction requirements. This is mainly because, the
load changes before the action of RPM-8 is completed- with the
result that RPM-8 may not add capacitor at all.
This will lead to a situation where despite installing RPM-8, there is
a large gap between the target PF and actual plant PF reached like target PF may be 0.95, actual may be 0.87. It should be noted that
RPM-8 has brought the plant PF up to 0.87 it is not able to improve because it is not able to add additional capacitors due to rapid
fluctuations in load. This is particularly true for small plants where
the total kVAR itself is less than 10 kVAR.
For such applications it is advisable to have more small value banks-
like 1 kVAR, 1.5 kVAR etc. Alternately it is better to have individual
capacitors connected across each load.
Manufactured by
LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED,
KIADB INDUSTRIAL ESTATE,
HEBBAL, HOOTAGALLY,
MYSORE 570 018. INDIA.
Visit us @ www.lntmps.com
www.lntebg.com
www.larsentoubro.com
Reach us @ [email protected]
Part No. 4D060111 Rev. 4