EFT V: The Prince of Aquitaine whose Tournament is DestroyedRound 09

TOSSUPS

1. This equation is used to derive the Gorlin Valve Equation, and in MHD, an analogue of this equation contains the sound speed squared divided by the specific heat ratio plus the square of the Alfven speed. This equation can be derived by integrating the Euler equation along a streamline, and applying it to the bottom and top of an airfoil lets you calculate the lift. The Pitot tube and the Venturi flow meter operate based on this equation, which also explains the increase in flow velocity as the diameter decreases. For 10 points, name this equation that can be stated as the sum of the kinetic energy, gravitational energy, and energy associated with fluid pressure of an ideal fluid is constant and the named after a Dutch-Swiss mathematician.Answer: Bernoulli’s Equation (Accept “Bernoulli’s Theorem” or “Bernoulli’s Principle”)

2. One work by this figure was the inspiration for the Kaufmann head at the Louvre. The Ruspoli faun is a copy of a statue type attributed to this figure. The base of a sculpture depicting Leto, Apollo, and Artemis was attributed to this figure, and another work shows the title figure with short-braided hair resting on a tree trunk for support. He depicted that same figure standing next to a lizard crawling up a tree, while in another work, which was supposedly modeled on the courtesan Phryne, shows a nude woman holding her hand in front of her genitals. Another work shows a god holding a robe and a baby on his left hand. For 10 points, name this sculptor of the Lycian Apollo, Apollo the Lizard Slayer, Hermes with the Infant Dionysus, and the Aphrodite of Cnidus.ANSWER: Praxiteles

3. The influence of Jan Smuts can be seen in this thinker’s ideas of holism, which can be found in his Social Interest: A Challenge to Mankind. This man’s theories were used to explain why adolescents “act out” in pursuit of “mistaken goals” by Rudolf Dreikurs. One of this thinker’s theories posited that man responds to challenges either by compensation, resignation, or over-compensation, and his theories incorporated Nietzsche’s “Will to Power.” This man stated the importance of birth order on the development of personality in one work, and noted that a person’s personality is largely teleological but can be unbalanced to create a neuroticism. This figure split from Freud’s idea of psychoanalysis to found the school of individual psychology. For 10 points, name this author of The Neurotic Character, an Austrian psychologist.ANSWER: Alfred Adler

4. The short story “Press Clippings” was critical of this country’s dictatorship, as was Adolfo Perez Esquivel. One ruler of this country was elected after the passage of the Saenz Pena Law. Besides Hipolito Yrigoyen, another president of this country, Edelmiro Farrell, ascended after a coup by the United Officers Group. One ruler in this country instituted a policy of justicialismo and was supported by the descamisados. That man’s second wife formed a Feminist party in this country. Rafael Videla killed tens of thousands of this country’s citizens in the Dirty War, and it invaded the Falkland Islands soon after. For 10 points, name this country which Juan Peron and his wife Isabel both ruled from Buenos Aires.ANSWER: Republica Argentina [or Argentine Republic]

5. One of this man's early portraits depicts his father reading a newspaper, and he applied gobs of dried paint to emphasize texture in his House of the Hanged Man. In another painting, two characters reach towards a patch of blue in the front center, outlining a triangle, and stand among eleven more of the title nude figures. One of this man's works shows a tower of pastries in the back right of a table that is discontinuous from left to right, and a bottle of wine is to the right of a basket of the titular entities. For 10 points, identify this painter of The Large Bathers and Still Life with a Basket of Apples, a forerunner of Cubism who painted over thirty oil paintings of Mont Sainte-Victoire.ANSWER: Paul Cezanne

6. George B. Schaller has written an important book about the “last” one of these, detailing how important it is to save them. One of these, named Gu Gu is known for constantly harassing people, while assholes associated with them included Kermit Roosevelt, who was the first white person to shoot one. These creatures and “people” were paired together in a book by Percival Davis that introduced the term “intelligent design,” while Richard Nixon gave two musk oxen in return for two of these animals when he visited these creature's native land. Their sesamoid bone is an example of exaptation, which titles a Stephen Jay Gould essay about their thumbs. For 10 points, identify these black and white bears.ANSWER: Pandas

7. In one play by this author, we learn Sancho is a deposed king locked up in a dungeon, whose kingdom of Aragon is besieged by Moors until Duke Bertran routs them with Torrismund's help. Another of this author's plays, dedicated to the Earl of Mulgrave, sees the "Old Emperor" express his love for Nourmahal several times and is titled after an Indian Emperor. This dramatist has also written a poetic attack on his contemporary Thomas Shadwell, as well as a poem that describes London in the year 1666. For 10 points, name this playwright of The Spanish Friar and Aurengzebe who also wrote the poems “Mac Flecknoe” and "Annus Mirabilis."ANSWER: John Dryden

8. Giulio Albioni issued his namesake plan in a battle against a coalition featuring Spaniards whose goal was to replace this ruling house. Another instance of trying to depose this ruling house failed, leading its instigator to use Flora MacDonald to escape. The Act of Settlement provided for this family to take over the throne upon the death of Queen Anne unless she had heirs. The House of Stuart's supporters instituted the Jacobite Uprisings to try to overthrow this ruling house. Its final member had a son that led the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, and she reigned for over 60 years. For 10 points, identify this house that included four rulers named George and Queen Victoria.ANSWER: House of Hanover

9. This work's third and final act begins with one character repeatedly toying with the ice in her glass and talking in a childish language. That third act sees one of its central characters chant the “dies irae” theme for his son, before it describes a boy from Western Union who had a learner's permit and died while swerving to avoid a porcupine. That act of this play is called “The Exorcism” and joins up with “Walpurgisnacht” and “Fun and Games.” According to its author, this play's title comes from a message he saw scrawled in soap on a bathroom mirror. For 10 points, identify this play about George's and Martha's games with Nick and Honey, a masterpiece of Edward Albee.ANSWER: Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? 10. One class of antagonists of this compound’s receptor is used to treat the nausea associated with chemotherapy, and carcinoid syndrome occurs when tumors secrete this compound excessively. In the hepatic portal vein, platelets commonly sequester this compound. This compound’s production is dependent on TPH1 in the pineal gland and TPH2 in the Raphe nuclei. LSD agonizes this compound’s 2A receptor, and this compound is most abundantly produced in the enterochromaffin cells of the GI tract. It breaks down into 5-HIAA in the liver via monoamine oxidases, and this neurotransmitter’s effects can be enhanced by Celexa and Zoloft, which block this compounds reuptake. Synthesized from tryptophan and also known as 5-HT, for 10 points, name this neurotransmitter whose levels are lowered in depression and anxiety disorders.ANSWER: Serotonin or 5-HT or 5-Hydroxytryptamine

11. A nineteenth-century example of this form is “Brightly dawns our wedding day,” by Arthur Sullivan. Another English specimen is “April is in my mistress’ face” by Thomas Morley, while Ligeti wrote a set of “Nonsense” ones, but it is better known as an Italian style. Though it was originally polyphonic, some composers developed this form into an accompanied solo piece, with Giulio Caccini’s “Amarilli, mia bella” being an example. Books of these were written by Carlo Gesualdo and Claudio Monteverdi; one of Monteverdi’s collections is “of War and Love.” They often involve word-painting and refrains to words like “Fa la la.” For 10 points, name this form of secular vocal music of the Baroque and Renaissance eras.ANSWER: Madrigal

12. One part of this work declares that the end of beatitude is called a “mansion” in order to qualify the concept of charity. This work assumes that all natural beings act unintelligently, but they act toward an end. Another idea in this work shows that an infinite regress of causation and movement is impossible. Both of those ideas are used to show that there must be a First Cause and an Unmoved Mover. Each part of this work begins with a number of “objectiones” followed by its author’s “sed contra.” For 10 points, name this large, incomplete work that gives five proofs for the existence of God, by Thomas Aquinas.ANSWER: Summa Theologica [or Summation of Theology]

13. The band structure of graphene originates from the dispersion of these constructs across the honeycomb structure, and these entities have angular momentum of h-bar. The angular wavefunction of these entities is quantity 3 divided by four pi to the one-half power, and they contain n minus 2 radial nodes and a single angular node. Carbenes have an empty one, a series of overlapping ones is responsible for the delocalization in both conjugated and aromatic systems. Their azimuthal quantum number is equal to 1, and for each principal quantum number there exist three mutually perpendicular ones of these. They overlap to form pi bonds, look like dumbbells with no density at the origin, they can hold 6 total electrons. For 10 points, name these atomic orbitals that are more energetic than s orbitals and less energetic than d orbitals.ANSWER: p orbital (prompt on orbitals, atomic orbitals, molecular orbitals, etc)

14. One of his works ends by noting how “the distant roar of battle” is always prominent and that the legislature has changed to accommodate the “appetite for medicine.” That work by this thinker discusses how a French military academy always designed their bathrooms so that its occupant’s legs can be seen and their tables were always designed so that everyone could be seen by their servers. That work by this man begins with a discussion of torture and explores the subjugation of bodies in the two titular types of society using the model of Bentham’s Panopticon to illustrate one of the types. For 10 points, name this French thinker and author Discipline and Punish.ANSWER: Michel Foucault [since the entire tossup discusses Discpline and Punish, prompt on it]

15. This novel's protagonist has a dream about two ugly crone-like women ripping apart a Doric temple while asleep against a barn wall in the chapter "Snow." In this novel's chapter "The Great Petulance" two characters engage in a duel, but one fires into the air and the other yells "coward" and shoots himself. The protagonist has feelings for Clavdia Cruchat, and its characters of Settembrini and Leo Naphta offer diametrically opposing philosophies. Its protagonist, who was visiting Joaquim Ziemssen for a few weeks, ends up staying in the sanatorium at the titular locale for approximately seven years. For 10 points, name this novel about Hans Castorp, a novel by Thomas Mann.ANSWER: The Magic Mountain or Der Zauberberg

16. Coordinates of a random point on a high-dimensional sphere have approximately this property. If the probabilities of events with this property sum to infinity, then infinitely many will occur, according to the second Borel-Cantelli lemma. Bayesian networks extensively use its conditional form. It is an assumption of the Central Limit Theorem and Law of Large Numbers, and for events X and Y with this property, expectation distributes over multiplication. For ten points, identify this property whose “linear” variety is possessed by a collection of vectors if none of them can be written as a linear combination of the other.ANSWER: Independence

17. One story about this deity describes how he “will bring up the dead to eat the living, and the dead will outnumber the living” if she is unable to perform a certain task. In one story, an imitation of this deity named Saltu was created from fingernail dust. This deity’s former husband must spend six months of the year in the underworld and represents farming and growth. This deity was given the Bull of Heaven by Anu in order to take revenge against Gilgamesh. When that creature failed to kill Gilgamesh, this deity sent a mysterious disease to kill Enkidu instead. The most famous story about this deity records her descent to visit her sister Ereshkigal in order to recover her husband Tammuz. For 10 points, who is this principal love deity of the Sumerians?ANSWER: Ishtar or Inanna

18. Vasily Poznyakov led an expedition under the auspices of this ruler to Egypt, after the archdeacon Gennady perished. This man declared himself the Hand of God at one point, which led him to amass three hundred personal body guards in his residence. A pervading fear of a Tatar incursion led this person to lead conquests of Kazan and Astrakhan. He brutally tortured Archbishop Pimen as part of the incident known as the Novgorod Massacre, which was instigated by oprichniks. He also had St. Basil Cathedral constructed, allegedly blinding the architect. For 10 points, identify this Russian tsar of the 16th century, whose byname comes from his formidable qualities.ANSWER: Ivan IV Vasilyevich or Ivan the Terrible or Ivan Groznyi

19. The plaintiff in the case overturned by this one was convicted of conspiring to perform abortions. It incorporated the right upheld in Weeks v. U.S. against the states, and did not deal with the issue that later arose in Miller v. California, although the plaintiff had been convicted of possession of obscene material. Overturning Wolf v. Colorado, the Supreme Court ruled that the plaintiff’s Fourth Amendment protection from “unreasonable searches and seizures” was violated when evidence seized without a warrant was used against her in court. For 10 points, name this case, which mandated in all criminal cases the use of the exclusionary rule.ANSWER: Mapp v. Ohio [or Ohio v. Mapp]

20. In one work, this author juxtaposes a time when "three shared his fun" with "each goes his way." That work describes a "shadow that creeps about at my side," and ends by claiming the Milky Way is the "Cloudy River of the Sky." A poem addressed to this author begins “a cold wind blows from the far sky…” and states that “a poet should beware of posterity.” That work is entitled “To [him] and the Sky Send”. He did not embrace the rationalistic practices of Confucianism like a contemporary, but rather he chose Taoist imagery. Around a third of this man's poetry features the imagery of the moon, and legend has it he died while trying to embrace a reflection of it. For 10 points, name this author whose poetry was adapted into Ezra Pound's "The River Merchant's Wife: A Letter," a Tang dynasty contemporary of Du Fu.ANSWER: Li Po or Li Bai

BONUSES

1. This play ends with the title character taking the corpses of the children that had previously been murdered offstage to Corinth. For 10 points each,[10] Identify this play which also contains scenes in which Glauce is killed offstage by putting on a golden cloak doused with poison by the title character.ANSWER: Medea[10] In this other play by the author of Medea, King Admetus had made a deal with the Fates to live past his longer time, as long as someone takes his place in death. The character who takes his place is the title character of this play.ANSWER: Alcestis[10] Both Alcestis and Medea are works of this Greek tragedian, whose influence on the decline of art was described by Nietzche in his The Birth of Tragedy.ANSWER: Eurpides

2. Kratschmer and Huffman developed a method of synthesizing these compounds, which can be cyclopropanated in the Bingel reaction. For 10 points each:[10] Name this allotrope of carbon, subtypes of which include the carbon nanotube and the buckyball.ANSWER: Buckministerfullerene[10] The Prato reaction reacts an azomethine one of these compounds with a fullerene. A phosphonium one is used to transform carbonyls to alkenes in the Wittig reaction.ANSWER: Ylide[10] In C60, every carbon molecule has this hybridization, though most molecules with this hybridization are planar. A carbon with one double bond has this hybridization.ANSWER: Sp2

3. Historians differ on whether this British rebel committed suicide or died of an illness after being defeated at the Battle of Watling Street. For 10 points each:[10] Name this leader of a revolt against the Roman Empire, who razed Colchester and St. Albans to the ground.ANSWER: Boudica [or Boadicea or Bonduca][10] Boudica also destroyed this city, where a bronze statue of her and her daughters atop a chariot now stands.ANSWER: Londinium [or London][10] The leader of another revolt against the Roman Empire was this Queen of Palmyra, whom Aurelian captured and led through Rome in chains.ANSWER: Zenobia

4. This man's first work was the opera Life is Short but he is better known for a work entitled Love, the Magician. For 10 points each:[10] Identify this man who composed The Three Cornered Hat.ANSWER: Manuel de Falla y Matheu[10] De Falla hails from this European country, which inspired an orchestral Capriccio by Rimsky-Korsakov.ANSWER: Spain or España[10] This other Spaniard composed Rapsodia Espanola, but he is better known for his Iberia.ANSWER: Isaac Albeniz

5. For 10 points each, answer some questions about Supreme Court cases relating to schools and segregation.[10] This first major challenge to the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment is famous for allowing “separate but equal” institutions.ANSWER: Plessy v. Ferguson [accept either or both][10] This sole dissenter of Plessy had earlier tried to become Kentucky’s governor and his law partner was Ben Bristow. His grandson of the same name would be replaced on the Supreme Court by Rehnquist.ANSWER: John Marshal Harlan[10] Another Supreme Court case dealing with race was one when this man filed a claim against the Regents of the University of California for not admitting him into. The Court concluded race can be used as a factor for admissions.ANSWER: Allan Bakke

6. Under the Avignon papacy this man was accused of being a heretic, while his most notable treatise begins with a description of syllogisms and closes with an analysis of fallacies. For 10 points each:[10] Identify this scholastic philosopher whose name is now attached to a philosophical razor suggesting that needlessly complex arguments should be reduced to simpler ones.ANSWER: William of Occam[10] Scholars attach Ockham’s works to this doctrine that holds universals do not exist. This term is derived from the belief that abstract ideas are just names.ANSWER: nominalism[10] This unrelated but structurally similar concept to Ockham’s razor was expounded on by Leibniz. It claims everything happens for a purpose and nothing happens needlessly. It was the subject of Schopenhauer’s doctorate.ANSWER: principle of sufficient reason

7. This goddess’ descendents including a pair of brothers who fought over a fishhook, named Hoori and Hooderi, and one of her attendants hit herself in the vagina with a weaving shuttle. For 10 points each:[10] Name this Shinto sun goddess who once hid in a cave.ANSWER: Amaterasu[10] This Shinto storm god, who was born from the nose of his father Izanagi, defiled heaven before Amaterasu banished him. His actions lead her to shut herself in aforementioned cave.ANSWER: Susanoo[10] Susanoo flayed a heavenly one of these animals and threw it at Amaterasu. Ossian owned one named Embarr.ANSWER: horse (equivalents, ok) 8. One of this artist's paintings shows a non-orthogonal window with a different picture in each pane, called The Empty Mask, and he also painted The Human Condition. For 10 points each:[10] Name this Belgian, whose other works include The Treachery of Images, Time Transfixed, and a depiction of a man with an apple in front of his face, Son of Man.ANSWER: Rene Magritte[10] Rene Magritte was a member of this artistic movement, whose other members include Max Ernst, Gorgio de Chirico, and Salvador Dali.ANSWER: Surrealism[10] Surrealism was founded by this French author of the novel Nadja and The Surrealist Manifesto.ANSWER: Andre Breton

9. For 10 points each, identify the following regarding poetry of a similar style.[10] This work’s author is the subject of a Goethe play, and it depicts such historical luminaries as Godfrey of Boullion being told to conquer the titular location. Many operas called Armida are based off of this work.ANSWER: Jerusalem Delivered or Gerusalamme Liberata[10] Luis Vaz de Camoes wrote this Portuguese epic in ten cantos, the fifth of which shows Adamastor irritating some sailors as they head to India.ANSWER: Os Lusiads or The Lusiads[10] This man wrote a three volume epic The Legend of the Centuries, but is probably more notable for his novels, like one about Javert and Jean Val Jean, Les Miserables.ANSWER: Victor Hugo

10. The first verse of this song is delivered by Raekwon, who asserts that he “grew up on the jive side, the New York Times side” and that the only way to get the gee was drug loot. For 10 points each:[10] Name this song whose chorus, delivered by Method Man, notes that “cash rules everything around me.” ANSWER: “C. R. E. A. M.”[10] C.R.E.A.M. is a song by this group, which in addition to Method Man and Raekwon includes Ghostface Killah and Ol’ Dirty Bastard. Another of their songs suggests that you “Protect Ya Neck.” ANSWER: Wu Tang Clan[10] A recent reworking of “While My Guitar Gently Weeps” by the Wu Tang Clan featured vocals by this neo-soul singer, whose own works include “On and On” and “Bag Lady.” ANSWER: Erykah Badu

11. This process occurs exclusively when the energy difference between the parent and the daughter nucleus is less then 1.022 MeV. For 10 points each:[10] Name this type of decay, sometimes called inverse beta decay, in which a proton is transformed into a neutron by grabbing a namesake particle from a K or L shell.ANSWER: Electron capture[10] In contrast, another type of beta decay converts a proton to a neutron, releasing a neutrino and one of these particles.ANSWER: Positron[10] In this effect, an electron moves into a lower energy shell to fill a vacancy, resulting in the emission of another electron.ANSWER: Auger effect

12. Answer the following about European Wars of Religion, for 10 points each:[10] This religiously motivated civil war in France was fought between factions supporting the claims of three men of the same name to the French throne.ANSWER: The War of Three Henrys [10] This 1520s socio-religious rebellion in Germany was led by theologian Thomas Müntzer and eventually suppressed by the forces of the Swabian League.ANSWER: The Peasants’ War (do not accept Peasant’s revolt, that’s in England)[10] The eighty year Protestant rebellion of this region against Spain was initially led by William the Silent, and resulted in this country’s independence via the 1648 Treaty of Münster.ANSWER; The Netherlands (also accept the Seventeen Provinces , United Provinces, Spanish Netherlands, and begrudgingly Holland)

13. Typical of its author, the key scene in this novel occurs when Charlotte Stant and Prince Amerigo point out a "hidden flaw" in purchasing the title valuable object. For 10 points each:[10] Identify this novel whose other characters include the delightfully named Fanny Assingham.ANSWER: The Golden Bowl[10] Another novel by the author of The Golden Bowl is this one that focuses on the titular woman, who decides not to marry Caspar Goodwood or Warburton, but instead Gilbert Osmond.ANSWER: Portrait of a Lady[10] Both The Golden Bowl and The Portrait of a Lady are novels by this American author.ANSWER: Henry James 14. According to a book that shares a name with this phenomenon, men do it more than women, and Protestants do it more than Catholics. For 10 points each:[10] Name this phenomenon which can come in the “Anomic” variety according to the eponymous book, and is associated with figures like Cleopatra.ANSWER: Suicide [accept equivalents][10] According to the book Suicide, this type of suicide occurs when a subject feels constantly oppressed by those around him, and cannot seem to make a difference in the social world.ANSWER: Fatalistic Suicide[10] Fatalistic suicide, as well as Anomic, Altruistic, and Egoistic suicide were described by this man in (the book) Suicide. He also wrote such sociology classics such as Rules of the Sociological Method and The Division of Labor in Society.ANSWER: Emile Durkheim

15. Answer some stuff about some religions that, sadly, aren't Cao Dai for 10 points each:[10] These beings,which, in Yoruban mythology are manifestations of Olodumare, are - in another syncretic religion, figures like Olokun and Eshu.ANSWER: Orishas[10] Orishas are included in this syncretic religion. It integrates Catholic saints, and occasionally is targeted for its use of animal sacrifice in Cuba and other Latin American islands.ANSWER: Santeria[10] This religion started off as the traditional religion of many areas of West Africa, but was quickly syncretized when brought to the Americas. One of this religion's Loas, Baron Samedi, much like Victor Hugo, wears a tophat.ANSWER: Voodoo [or Voudon or Voudou]

16. This building currently houses Control Group Inc and part of the NYU continuing studies school. For 10 points each:[10] Identify this neo-gothic skyscraper in New York City, designed for its namesake retailer in 1913. Its namesake’s private office was in French Empire style and remains in the building. ANSWER: Woolworth Building10] The Woolworth building was designed by this American architect and proponent of the Beaux Arts style, who also designed the New York Life Building, the Minnesota State Capital, and the Saint Louis Art Museum.ANSWER: Cass Gilbert[10] This other American architect is considered the father of the skyscraper, and designed the Wainwright Building in St. Louis and the Auditorium Building in Chicago.ANSWER: Louis Sullivan

17. Identify the following involving related laws of E/M physics. For 10 points each:[10] This law for electricity states that the electric flux across any closed surface is proportional to the net electric charge enclosed by the surface.Answer: Gauss’s law[10] This man names loop rule states that the voltage difference between the beginning and end of any closed circuit loop is zero. He also names a junction rule that states the sum of incoming current at any node in a circuit is equal the sum of outgoing current.Answer: Gustav Kirchhoff[10] This useful theorem says that every combination of voltage sources, resistors, and current sources is equivalent to a single voltage source in series with a single resistor.Answer: Thevenin’s Theorem

18. The Riggs Bank in the U.S. provided multiple false shell companies and methods of allowing this human rights violator of accessing his funds after he was arrested by the British. For 10 points each:[10] Identify this South American who led a junta after deposing his democratic predecessor Salvador Allende.ANSWER: Augusto Pinochet[10] Augusto Pinochet's coup of 1973 led him to take power of this country. Its more current leaders include Michele Bachelet and Sebasian Pinera.ANSWER: Chile[10] Pinochet replaced Chile's constitution, which was drawn up by Arturo, a Chilean President with this last name. His son Jorge with this last name was President after him and was tasked by Pinochet to replace his father's constitution.ANSWER: Alessandri

19. This play's last scene sees the title character ask God to let him only burn in hell for around a thousand years or so instead of eternity. For 10 points each,[10] Name this play whose title character trades his soul to Mephistopheles because he desires for knowledge and supernatural power.ANSWER: The Tragedy of Doctor Faustus[10] Doctor Faustus is the title character of a drama written by this Elizabethan playwright, who also brought Barabbas to the stage in his The Jew of Malta.ANSWER: Christopher Marlowe[10] In the first act of Doctor Faustus, the title character is visited by two magicians who are happy that he is now going to engage in necromancy. Name either.ANSWER: Cornelius and Valdes

20. This organ contains an outer and inner plexiform layer, while another of its layers contains mainly bipolar cells, which then synapse on namesake ganglion cells. For 10 points each:[10] Name this organ found at the back of the eye, which is responsible for sending visual signals to the optic nerve. It contains rod and cone cells.ANSWER: Retina[10] In this disease of old age, the center of the field of vision becomes progressively blurry due to the accumulation of drusen and uncontrolled angiogenesis.ANSWER: Macular degeneration[10] One gene linked to the risk of macular degeneration is factor H, which is responsible for binding to these extracellular matrix proteins. Types include hyaluronan and chondroitin sulfate, and it consists of repeating units of a hexose and a hexosamine.ANSWER: Glycosaminoglycans or GAGs