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Roosevelt as a ProgressiveTheodore Roosevelt-rose steadily through govt ranks-Spanish American WarRough Riders at San Juan Hill-Gov. of NYreform governorPolitical machines want him out of power in NY because he is cleaning up the government-Vice President of William McKinley-Became President with McKinleys assassinationFederal responsibility to help the citizens when the states cannot

Teddy Roosevelt was born into a wealthy New York family in 1858. An asthma sufferer, Teddy drove himself to accomplish demanding physical feats. As a teenager, he mastered marksmanship and horseback riding. At Harvard, he boxed and wrestled. After he battled in San Juan Hill, he was elected governor of NY. Eventually the political machines in NY want him out of power, and get him the nomination for VP of the United States.Square Deal-hit the line hard-Presidency as the bully pulpitInfluence the news and media to shape legislationhe serves as the protector of the people-Square Deal was his program to fix the evils of societyModern America requires a strong federal government-politics is the art of the possible-speak softly and carry a big stickForeign and domestic policy

It is the duty of the President to act upon the theory that he is the steward of the people, andto assume that he has the legal right to do whatever the needs of the people demand, unless the Constitution or the laws explicitly forbid him to do it.~Teddy RooseveltRoosevelts Square Deal: The Four CsControlling CorporationsCreating RegulationsConsumer ProtectionConser v i ng Resources

Govt Involvement-1902 coal strikemine owners refused to bargain-strike threaten fuel needs of the nationRoosevelt threatens to take over the mines to meet needs-Roosevelt had both groups to meet and go to arbitrationShowed the disputes could be settled orderly with experts-set an example of Presidents mediating conflicts

The Coal Strike of 1902 was a strike by the United Mine Workers of America in Pennsylvania. The strike threatened to shut down the winter fuel supply to all major cities President Roosevelt became involved and set up a commission that suspended the strike. The strike never resumed, as the miners received more pay for fewer hours; the owners got a higher price for coal. It was the first labor episode in which the federal government intervened as a neutral arbitrator. Trustbusting-trusts controlled 4/5 of industryLegal groups created to control the industry, limit competition-Roosevelt believed in good and bad trustsWanted to stop those that harmed public interest-several trusts were broken and real govt regulation began44 suits filed, most won-RR regulationNorthern Securities v. USHad a monopoly over northwestern railroads; Supreme Court dissolved company

As part of his Square Deal, President Roosevelt aggressively used the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 to attack big businesses engaging in unfair practices. His victory over his first target, the Northern Securities Company, earned him a reputation as a hard-hitting trustbuster committed to protecting the public interest.

President Roosevelt took a stand against the large trusts of the nation, filing 44 suits against large trusts, and winning most of his claims.The Jungle-written by Upton Sinclair-muckraking novelexpose the bad in society-meant to expose the conditions of immigrantsWorking in the stockyards, change for immigrants-impact of novel was the description of meatpacking industryDisgusted President Roosevelt"All day long the blazing midsummer sun beat down upon that square mile of abominations: upon tens of thousands of cattle crowded into pens whose wooden floors stank and steamed contagion; upon bare, blistering, cinder-strewn railroad tracks and huge blocks of dingy meat factories, whose labyrinthine passages defied a breath of fresh air to penetrate them; and there are not merely rivers of hot blood and carloads of moist flesh, and rendering-vats and soup cauldrons, glue-factories and fertilizer tanks, that smelt like the craters of hell-there are also tons of garbage festering in the sun, and the greasy laundry of the workers hung out to dry and dining rooms littered with food black with flies, and toilet rooms that are open sewers.--The Jungle

"This is no fairy story and no joke; the meat will be shoveled into carts and the man who did the shoveling will not trouble to lift out a rat even when he saw one." -The JungleGovt Action-investigated Sinclairs claims-passed Meat Inspection Act, 1906Dictated strict cleanliness requirements for meat packers and meat inspectionUsed until the 1990s-later passage of Pure Food and Drug ActHalted the sale of contaminated foods and medicinesMust be truthful in package labeling of foods/medicines-FDAFood and Drug Administration

Before any federal regulations were established for advertising food and drugs, manufacturers had claimed that their products accomplished everything from curing cancer to growing hair. In addition, popular childrens medicines often contained opium, cocaine, or alcohol.Conservation-industry was consuming large portions of natural resources-pollution was destroying waterwaysCoal mining and lumbering Roosevelt wants to protect the land and resources-established several national parks-set aside large portions of forestlands kept land from private sale-Gifford Pinchot-development of land for the common good

Civil Rights-Progressive era as a whole ignored the needs of minoritiesRoosevelt did not advocate for large-scale civil rights, only gave power to some-Booker T. WashingtonRespected by rich, powerful whitesGradual integration-W.E.B. DuBoisPushed for full equality nowNAACPNothing less than fully equalityUsed the court system

Teddy Roosevelt and Booker T. Washington at a parade together in Washington, D.C.Progressivism