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PROJECT REPORT
ON
Branch bankingIN
Vaishya Sahakari bank,
Borivali (E) Branch, Mumbai-400092
SUBMITTED BY
MILIND SHASHIKANT JAHAGIRDAR(M.M.S. - II)
Roll No . :05
Rajaram shinde college of M.B.A. Pedhambe,
Chiplun
[Academic Year-2007-08]
0
PROJECT REPORT
ON
Branch bankingIN
Vaishya Sahakari bank,
Borivali (E) Branch, Mumbai-400092
SUBMITTED BY
MILIND SHASHIKANT JAHAGIRDAR(M.M.S. - II)
Roll No . :05
Rajaram shinde college of M.B.A. Pedhambe,
Chiplun
[Academic Year-2007-08]
BRANCH BANKING
1
Summer internship Details
Name of the student: Mr. Milind Shashikant Jahagirdar
Specialization opted: Finance
Name of the organization: Vaishya bank co operative Ltd.
Period of SIP: 2 Months
Date of joining: 01-06- 2008
Date of completion: 31-07-2008
Daily working hours 8 Hours
Departments worked clerical.
BRANCH BANKING
2
CERTIFICATE BY THE FACULTY GUIDE
This is to certify that Mr. Milind S. Jahagirdar, Student of MMS 3rd
Semester has completed the summer training on the topic Branch Banking in a
reputed bank Vaishya Bank at Borivali (E). The summer training project report
is based on the work done by the candidate himself and fulfils the requirement of
the project necessary for partial fulfillment of the MMS degree. The work carried
out by the candidate on the above mentioned topic is up to the mark as supported
by the certificate issued by the Bank where the candidate has undergone training
for completion of the project work.
To the best of my knowledge and belief, the work has not been
submitted anywhere else for award of any degree or diploma.
We wish him success in his life.
Sign of faculty
BRANCH BANKING
3
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to place on record our sincere appreciation and deep gratitude
to our project guide Prof. Mrs.Rucha Khavnekar , for her constant
motivation throughout the work of this project on “branch banking”.
I am also thankful to our external guide Mr.Santosh Kulkarni
(CEO of Vaishya Bank) and Mrs. Gandhi (Manager of Vaishya Bank)
for constant encouragement, guidance and valuable contribution towards
completion of my project.
I am also thankful to all the Staff members of ‘Vaishya, Borivali
Branch, Mumbai’ who have helped me directly or indirectly in making this
project a success.
BRANCH BANKING
4
Index
Serial no.
Particulars Page no.
1 Objective & Scope 7
2 Research Methodology 9
3 Introduction 13
4 History & Company Profile 21
5 Analysis 30
6 Findings 63
7 Conclusion & Suggestions 65
8 Annexure 67
9 Bibliography 69
BRANCH BANKING
5
Summary:
The project titled “Branch Banking” being carried out for Vaishya Bank,
Borivali Branch, at Mumbai for the time duration of two months.
This project is on study and analysis of different type of branch
transaction. It studies different types of deposit schemes, loan schemes,
cash transaction, fixed deposit and interest accrued at the end of the
month. The analysis of loan schemes like housing loan scheme, vehicle
loan scheme, personal loan scheme, education loan scheme was taken. The
purpose of this analysis is to know the criteria required for these loans and
the procedure of loan sanctioning and different deposit scheme.
The main objective of this project was to find out the detail procedure of the loan
scheme, the loan sanctioning procedure, interest rate calculation, and clerical
work done by the bank. Also we studied the comparison between above loan
schemes and other advances given by the bank, cash transaction, deposit opened
by the customer in March 2008 and in July 2008.
BRANCH BANKING
6
BRANCH BANKING
7
Chapter IOBJECTIVE & SCOPE
Chapter IOBJECTIVE & SCOPE
Objective of the Study
1) To study the different loan schemes of the bank.
2) To study the different deposit schemes of the bank.
3) To analyze the process of loan sanctioning & documentation.
4) To find out the interest rate of different loan schemes.
5) To study the comparison between the studied loan scheme and other
advances.
6) To study the transaction between the two parties.
Scope of the work
The scope of the study refers to the job that to know about the activities of the
organization. The study means that the analysis of the banks operation on which
it has to focus.
With respect to time frame:
The project carried out in a period of two months therefore the conclusion
and recommendation of this project are based on the data collected within
these 60 days and restricted to the same.
BRANCH BANKING
8
With respect to customer:
The bank has more number of customers for different types of loan schemes so
there is chance to make analysis of comparison between the loan schemes.
Try to convenience to customer for opening the saving and deposit account.
BRANCH BANKING
9
BRANCH BANKING
10
Chapter II
RESEARCHMETHODOLOGY
Chapter II
RESEARCHMETHODOLOGY
Introduction
A research design is the logical & systematic planning & direction of a
piece of research. The research design attempts to integrate various
aspects of the research study, such as what, where when, how why etc.
the design also takes in to account the availability of time, energy &
other resources at disposal. It is a master plan, a blue print that directs the
entire study.
The research will involve: –
1) Define the information
2) Design the type of research.
Method of Research:-
Research method involves to the behavior & instrument used in selecting
& conducting research techniques for e.g. mail questionnaire, personal
interviews etc.
Research methods have been planned under following three groups.
1) Collection of data.
2) Statistical techniques
3) Accurate evaluation
BRANCH BANKING
11
Research Instruments:-
Questionnaire is used in this research for collection of primary data.
Questionnaire is structured sequence of questions designed to draw out Facts
& which provide vehicle for recording data.
The Research Plan:-
Designing a research plan calls for decision and data Sources, research
approach and instruments.
Data Sources:
(I)Primary Data: -
The study is mainly based on primary data for the purpose of this study oral
interview of Bank Manager was taken to get relevant information or data from
the Bank.
(II) Secondary Data: -
The secondary data has been collected from relevant records of the Vaishya
bank, Borivali Branch.
BRANCH BANKING
12
BRANCH BANKING
13
Chapter III
INTRODUCTION
Chapter III
INTRODUCTION
Introduction
In banking Regulation Act 1949 Sec.5 (1) (b & c) define banking as
follows:
“Banking means the accepting for the purpose of lending or
investment of deposits of money from the public repayable on demand or
otherwise and withdraw able by cheque, draft, and order or otherwise.”
Banks play a very important role in modern economy. Their functions are
increasing day to day. All banks perform the primary function of deposit
collection and lending. Some of them specialize in a particular operation
of helping a particular sector of the economy. Banks can be classified on
the basis of specialization of their function. The details are as follows:
Fig.1: The structure of Indian Bank
BRANCH BANKING
Structure of Indian Bank
Commercial Bank
Industrial Bank
RBI BankForeign BankAgriculture
BankCo-operative
Bank
14
Major Reform Initiatives
Some of the major reform initiatives in the last decade that have changed the face of the Indian banking and financial sector are:
1) Interest rate deregulation. Interest rates on deposits and lending have been deregulated with banks enjoying greater freedom to determine their rates.
2) Adoption of prudential norms in terms of capital adequacy, asset classification, income recognition, provisioning, exposure limits investment fluctuation reserve, etc.
3) Reduction in pre-emption – lowering of reserve requirements (SLR and CRR), thus releasing more lendable resources which banks can deploy profitably
Government equity in banks has been reduced and strong banks have been allowed to access the capital market for raising additional capital.
4)Banks now enjoy greater operational freedom in terms of opening and swapping of branches, and banks with a good track record of profitability have greater flexibility in recruitment.
5) New private sector banks have been set up and foreign banks permitted to expand their operations in India including through subsidiaries. Banks have also been allowed to set up Offshore Banking Units in Special Economic Zones.
6) New areas have been opened up for bank financing: insurance, credit cards, infrastructure financing, leasing, gold banking, besides of course investment banking, asset management, factoring, etc.
7) New instruments have been introduced for greater flexibility and better risk management: e.g. interest rate swaps, forward rate agreements, cross currency forward contracts, forward cover to hedge inflows under foreign direct investment, liquidity adjustment facility for meeting day-to-day liquidity mismatch.8) Several new institutions have been set up including the National Securities Depositories Ltd., Central Depositories Services Ltd., Clearing Corporation of India Ltd., Credit Information Bureau India Ltd. BRANCH BANKING
15
9) Limits for investment in overseas markets by banks, mutual funds and corporate have been liberalized. The overseas investment limit for corporate has been raised to 100% of net worth and the ceiling of $100 million on prepayment of external commercial borrowings has been removed. MFs and corporate can now undertake FRAs with banks. Indians allowed maintaining resident foreign currency (domestic) accounts. Full convertibility for deposit schemes of NRIs introduced.
10) Universal Banking has been introduced. With banks permitted to diversify into long-term finance and DFIs into working capital, guidelines have been put in place for the evolution of universal banks in an orderly fashion.
11) Technology infrastructure for the payments and settlement system in the country has been strengthened with electronic funds transfer, Centralized Funds Management System, Structured Financial Messaging Solution, Negotiated Dealing System and move towards Real Time Gross Settlement.
12) Adoption of global standards. Prudential norms for capital adequacy, asset classification, income recognition and provisioning are now close to global standards. RBI has introduced Risk Based Supervision of banks (against theTraditional transaction based approach). Best international practices in accounting systems, corporate governance, payment and settlement systems, etc. are being adopted.
13) Credit delivery mechanism has been reinforced to increase the flow of credit to priority sectors through focus on micro credit and Self Help Groups. The definition of priority sector has been widened to include food processing and cold storage, software up to Rs 1 crore, housing above Rs 10 lakh, selected lending through NBFCs, etc.14) RBI guidelines have been issued for putting in place risk management systems in banks. Risk Management Committees in banks address credit risk, market risk and operational risk. Banks have specialized committees to measure and monitor various risks and have been upgrading their risk management skills and systems.
BRANCH BANKING
16
15) The limit for foreign direct investment in private banks has been increased from 49% to 74% and the 10% cap on voting rights has been removed. In addition, the limit for foreign institutional investment in private banks is 49%.
16) Wide ranging reforms have been carried out in the area of capital markets. Fresh investment in CPs, CDs are allowed only in dematerialized form. SEBI has reduced the settlement cycle from T+3 to T+2 from April 1, 2003 i.e. settlement of stock deals will be completed in two trading days after the trade is executed, taking the Indian stock trading system ahead of some of the developed equity markets. Stock exchanges will set up trade guarantee funds. Retail trading in Government securities has been introduced on NSE and BSE from January 16, 2003. A Serious Frauds Office is proposed to be set up.
BRANCH BANKING
17
BRANCH BANKING
The landscape of financial institutions has changed dramatically over the past 10
years. Financial institutions are looking to improve their delivery of product and
service through the most cost-effective means. Traditional brick and mortar
offices are being replaced with convenience centers or in-store outlets, ATM,
telephone banking, Internet and other less expensive options. Additionally,
mergers and acquisitions within the industry have, in some cases, resulted in
branch closures and consolidation efforts.
Branch, the data base included bank name, address, city, state, zip code,
and holding company name and deposit dollars. All branch data was geo
coded at the street address and assigned a latitude and longitude
coordinate and tract ID. By geo coding to the street address the study was
not only able to identify the census tract in which the branch is located, it
is also possible to identify how many other census tracts that branch can
service based on various search radii or density calculations. This allows
us to calculate and analyze the number of branches serving any on census
tract based on the proximity of the branch to the tract.
Consistent with the CRA regulation, income classifications for the census tracts
were based on the CRA regulation defined on page 4 footnote 2.
BRANCH BANKING
18
As of 1998 there are 62 discrete financial institutions with 497 offices in San
Diego County. There were 51 Commercial Banks with 340 offices and 11
Savings Institutions with 141 Offices in 1998.
From 1991 through 1998, there was a 24.5 percent decline in the number of
FDIC insured Deposit offices in San Diego County.
Banking facilities declined from 681 offices in 1991 to 514 offices in 1998.
Population per office has grown from 3,668 persons per branch in 1991 to 5,437
persons per branch in 1998. The following table summarizes the bank branching
changes in San Diego from 1991 to 1998, by the income classification of the
tracts.
Low and moderate income defined tracts experienced 42 branch closures from
1991 – 1998.
The following map, Exhibit VI-1, shows the change in the banking
industry branch distribution, by census tract, throughout the County.
Red and green highlighted tracts with a net loss of bank branches.
Yellow highlighted tracts with a net gain in branches.
The following table highlights the change in branches by the income
classification of the tracts. From 1997-1998, moderate income defined
tracts experienced new growth in branches. As note din Section V, San
Diego experienced a net decline in the number of small business loans
from 1997 to1998. Moderate income defined census tracts experienced the
smallest decline in number of small business loans from '97-'98. Low-
BRANCH BANKING
19
income tracts, which have the fewest number of branches, had the sharpest
decline in number of loans from '97-'98.
Branches serve areas other than just census tracts. One way to assess access to
banking services is to measure the number of branches which intersect census
tracts, based on a radius around the branch. For example, if one measures the
number of banks which intersect all the tracts within a 3-mile radius around the
branch, it appears that low and moderate-income defined tracts have access to a
rather large base of banks within 3 miles to serve them.
· Low and Moderate income defined census tracts receive fewer loans per branch
than middle or high income defined tracts.
Branch density and the relative areas being served by branches can be visualized
utilizing a density map. In this scenario, the density of branches is based on a
search radius of 3 miles.
Calculating density allows us to distribute the number of bank branches
across the census tract base and produce a continuous surface. Density is
calculated for each cell by summing a value for each point found in the
Search Radius and dividing by the area of the circle in Area Units. Area
units in this analysis are square miles. The output density, shown on the
following map, illustrates the density of – branches, per square mile.
BRANCH BANKING
20
BRANCH BANKING
21
Chapter IV
HISTORY & COMPANY PROFILE
Chapter IV
HISTORY & COMPANY PROFILE
History
Bank Nationalization:
The social control measures outlined were not considered adequate to
achieve the desired social and economic objectives. The Government of
India, therefore, with effect from 19th July, 1969 (by an Ordinance issued on
that date) nationalized fourteen major Indian Commercial Banks with
aggregate deposits of Rs. 2741.75 crores as on 31-12-1968, which
constituted 87.5 per cent of the total deposits of the scheduled banks in the
private sector. The bill nationalizing these banks was passed by the
Parliament as Banking Companies (Acquisition & Transfer of Undertakings)
Act, 1969 which received the President's assent on 9th August, 1969. The
names of the nationalized banks were: The Central Bank of India Ltd., The
Bank of India Ltd., The Punjab National Bank Ltd., The Bank of Baroda
Ltd., The United Commercial Bank Ltd., The Canara Bank Ltd., The United
Bank of India Ltd., The Dena Bank Ltd., The Syndicate Bank Ltd., The
Union Bank of India Ltd., The Allahabad Bank Ltd., The Indian Bank Ltd.,
The Bank of Maharashtra Ltd., and The Indian Overseas Bank Ltd. The
other scheduled banks including foreign banks and the non-scheduled banks
were not nationalized and continued to be in the private sector.
BRANCH BANKING
22
Co operative bank:
A co-operative is a business, but more than this, it acts together to meet the
common needs and aspirations of its members, sharing ownership and making
decisions democratically. Co-operatives are not about making big profits for
shareholders, but creating value for their members. Their top priority is to
provide the best possible services for their members and to invest in the
communities where they live. This gives co-operatives a unique character and
influences what they stand for.
In this instance, the Co-operative Bank is wholly-owned by Co-operative
Financial Services Ltd, whose sole shareholder is the (member-owned) Co-
operative Group. Members of The Co-operative Group are also entitled to earn
dividend on their account holdings and borrowing with the Bank.
BRANCH BANKING
23
VAISHYA BANK AT A GLANCE
MISSION STATEMENT
"To emerge as one of the premier and most preferred banks in the country by
adopting highest standards of professionalism and excellence in all the areas of
working!!!"
Vaishya-op. Bank Ltd., one of the leading Urban Co-operative Banks in India, in
its outlook and approach, has the objective of progress and prosperity of all.
From a humble beginning in 12-11- 1945 as a Co-operative Credit society with a
share capital of a merely Rs.5,000/- held by 83 members, today Vaishya Co-op
bank has become one of the large Urban Co-operative Banks with a "Scheduled
Bank" status. The area of operation which was restricted to the State of
Maharashtra. Currently, the capital base of the bank stands at Rs. 32.32 crores
and Reserves and surpluses at Rs. 619.93 crores. The bank has more than 1lakh
depositors. The Bank has seen a tremendous growth in deposits. The deposits of
BRANCH BANKING
24
the bank are over Rs. 21 crores as on 31.03.2007, which were Rs. 18 crores as at
the end of the financial year 2005-2006. The loans and advances stood at Rs. 12
crores as on 31.03.2007. The bank had posted a net income of Rs. 18.75 lakh as
on 31.03.2007. The growth rate of the bank compares well with that of others in
the sector. The Bank has maintained a steady growth. The bank has been paying
dividend @ 15% to its members which is maximum permissible as per the
MNCs act.
The Bank has launched different loan schemes tailor-made to suit
the needs of various customers. The schemes aim at providing loans for purchase
or construction of residential premises, repair/renovation of house property,
purchase of car, seeking higher education and for purchase of household
consumer durable. One of the loan schemes, viz. "Udyog Vikas Yojana" is
specially designed for the benefit of small entrepreneurs and businessmen. The
procedure for sanctioning of loans under the schemes has been simplified and
relaxed with a view to attract new customers and facilitating speedy sanction of
loans. The Bank has total 5 Branches in Mumbai. Bank is committed to spread
network of branches throughout the State and provide much needed banking
services to the population, which has been deprived of the banking facilities.
Innovative Banking is another area of operation that Vaishya is currently
focusing on for a sustainable long term growth. The Bank has always
endeavored for providing satisfactory customer service with the help of the latest
technology. The Bank has provided fully computerized services to its valued
clients. Bank is offering 12 Hours fully computerized services at 5 branches.
With a view to meet the challenges of technologically advanced banking system
and to upgrade its existing technology, the bank has decided to introduce "Total
BRANCH BANKING
25
Bank Automation" to provide the facility of inter-branch connectivity for any
time and any branch banking transactions.
Company Profile
Vaishya Bank:
Shri Santosh Kulkarni CEO
Shri Sandesh S. Narkar Managing director
Shri Santosh Sardal Additional General Manager
Shri Vijay S. Kamrekar Deputy General Manager
Shri Dilip S. Pathre Executive officer
Shri Ramkrishana H.Kolwankar Deputy EO
Shri Pandurang D. J.Active member of samaj (Development Department)
Shri Jaywant R.Pathre active member (Development Department)
Shri A. Adsul Union leader
Smt.A.A.Gandhi Branch Manager (Borivali)
Shri Suhas C. Shetye Officer(Borivali)
Smt Vedhangi V. Mhatre Officer(Borivali)
BRANCH BANKING
26
BRANCHES
Head officeAddress: 1/2, Shyam bhuvan, J.B.Bhantankarmarg Parel T.T., Mumbai - 400 012Telephone No.:24704331, 24718345Timing: Monday-Friday09.15 a.m. to 1.30 p.m.02.00 p.m. to 03.15 p.m.Saturday-Sunday09.00 a.m. to 12.30 p.m.
DindoshiAddress: A 19/19, Gokuldham shopping, centre, Goregaon (E) Mumbai - 400 063Telephone No.:28407595, 28415113Timing: Monday-Friday09.15 a.m. to 01.30 p.m.02.00 p.m. to 03.15 p.m.Saturday-Sunday09.15 a.m.-12.30 a.m.
BorivaliAddress: Sikar Mahal, Carter Rd. No.4, Borivali (E), Mumbai-400 066Telephone No.:28073418, 28073394Timing: 9.15a.m. To 1.30p.m.2.00p.m. to 3.15p.mSaturday - Sunday9.15a.m. to 12.30p.m
ParelAddress :3/12, Abdulla building, 1st floor, DR.Ambedkar road, Parel Mumbai - 400 012Telephone No.:24131804, Timing: Monday-Friday09.15a.m. To 1.30p.m. Saturday-Sunday09.15 a.m. to 12.30 p.m.
Girgaon Address: 7, Tatya Gharpure path, Girgaon Mumbai-400004.Telephone No.:23856502, *23850432Timing: Monday-Friday9.15a.m. To 3.15p.m. .
BALANCE SHEET OF VAISHYA BANK BRANCH BANKING
27
CAPITAL AND LIABILITIES
Scheduled As on 31-03-2007 As on 31-03-2006
Share capital 1 14595115 13459265
reserve and surplus
2 46227834 42677399
Deposits 3 468682122 455352646
Borrowing 4 13306776 nil
other liabilities and provision
5 68373609 88467342
Total 611185456 599956652
ASSETS 6
Cash on hand 7 16247892 11981661
balance with banks 8 12116558 15775821
Investment 9 253955031 270918954
Advances 10 276915051 250038882
fixed assets 11 23295815 23514380
other assets 12 28655109 27726954
Total 611185456 599956652
PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT OF VAISHYA BANK
BRANCH BANKING
28
Particular Scheduled As on 31-03-2007
As on 31-03-2006
IncomeInterest earned 13 41771530 42915900
Other income 14 3686020 2663315
Total 45457550 45579215
Expenditure
Interest expended 15 25795307 25915878
Operating expenses
16 18609712 17000143
Provision and contingencies
557000 1795000
Total 44962019 44711021
Profit or loss
Net profit of the year
495531 686194
Profit of the previous year brought forward
5024 5171
Total 90920124 91160361
BRANCH BANKING
29
BRANCH BANKING
30
Chapter V
ANALYSIS
Chapter V
ANALYSIS
Activities
The activities of the bank are divided in two parts that is daily transaction and
monthly transaction. In the daily transaction, all cash transaction that include the
deposit and withdraw the cash as per the requirement and monthly transaction
which include the loan and the advances.
Amongst the standard services provided by Vaishya bank the special
service that it provides is Multi Branch Banking. Multi Branch Banking
(Anywhere Banking) service is available to customers of networked branches of
the Bank. Under this service, the customer of one branch will be able to transact
on his account, from any other networked branch of the Bank. The activities are
classifies in to following:
1) Activities in the savings and current account
2) Deposit
3) Loan
Activities in the savings and current account:
Savings account:
The safest thing to do with your money is to put it into a savings account. If you
carry the money around with you, you might lose it. If the money is under your
mattress, your house could burn down or be robbed. However, if the money is in
a bank savings account, your banking institution is responsible for the
BRANCH BANKING
31
safekeeping of that money. If the bank burns down, your money won't go with it,
and any reputable bank will not just lose your savings.
How to open
Savings Bank Account can be opened in the name of an individual or in joint
names of the depositors by filling up the appropriate forms. A minor who have
completed ten years of age can also open and operate the account. At the time of
opening an account one must submit the documents like photocopy of passport
or Electoral card, Postal identification cards as address proof and two passport
size photos.
Most banks also require an introduction for opening an SB account. The
introduction may be obtained either from an existing account holder or from a
respectable citizen, well known to the bank, which should normally call on the
bank and sign in the column specially provided for the purpose of introduction in
the account opening form.
Eligible:
Individual ,Single Accounts, Two or more individuals in JointAccounts,Illiterate
Persons, Blind persons, Minors, Associations, Clubs, Societies, etc. Trusts
Institutions/Agencies specifically permitted by the RBI
Initial Deposits:
Rs.500/- for Cheque book operated and Rs.100/- for non cheque book a/cs, For
Pensioners Rs.100/- and Rs.10/-
BRANCH BANKING
32
Interest Rate:
3.5% p.a applied twice in a year in Feb and August
Charges of non-maintaining minimum balance:
Rs.20/- per month for not maintaining min Balance
Current account:
Facility available to Current Deposit Account of Corporate, Proprietorship,
Partnership, Individuals, Schools, Colleges and other institutions (other than
Banks).No Interest will be payable on current account.
Current accounts are cheque operated accounts maintained for mainly business
purposes. Unlike savings bank account no limits are fixed by banks on the
number of transactions permitted in the Account. Banks generally insist on a
higher minimum balance to be maintained in current account. Considering the
large number of transactions in the account and volatile nature of balances
maintained overnight banks generally levy certain service charges for operating a
Current account.
In terms of RBI directive banks are not allowed to pay any interest on the
balances maintained in Current accounts. However, legal heirs of a deceased
person are paid interest at the rates applicable to Savings bank deposit from the
date of death of the account holder till the date of settlement.
BRANCH BANKING
33
Activities in the savings and current account:
1) Cash Deposits
2) Cash Payments
3) Internal transfer Of Funds
4) Statement of a/c for a Given Period.
5) Marking Stop Payment of a Cheque.
6) Deposits
Cash deposit:
It is the daily activity done by the account holder. Account holder may deposit
cash for future saving or future payment.
Cash payment:
It is payment made by cheque. Account holder drawn cheque to make a
payment. A cross cheque will not allow to receive payment.
Internal transfer of fund:
BRANCH BANKING
34
It is only possible when account holder have two or more account in the same
bank
Statement of a/c for a given period:
Current account holder can get the monthly statement and saving account holder
can get there passbook updated.
Making stop payment of cheque:
It is instruction given account holder to bank to stop payment of cheque.
Necessary charges will debit from account.
BRANCH BANKING
35
Fixed deposit:
Time deposits are deposits accepted by banks for a specified period of time. In
terms of RBI directives the minimum period for which term deposits can be
accepted is 15 days. The banks generally do not accept deposits for periods
longer than 10 years.
1) Banks pay interest on term deposits based on the period of deposits and
normally pay higher interest for longer term deposits.
2) Banks have full discretion to fix their interest rates on deposits and these rates
are varied from time to time depending on market conditions.
3) Changes made in interest rates from time to time do not alter the interest paid
on the existing deposits.
4) When banks quote a certain percentage of interest per annum for a given
period it is understood that interest payments are made on a quarterly basis (see
IBA Master Charts).
5) The depositor can collect interest on every quarter or its discounted value at
monthly rests or avail quarterly compounding benefits and receive principal and
interest on maturity.
6) RBI has now permitted banks to quote a higher rate of interest for individual
deposits more than Rs.15 lacs. BRANCH BANKING
36
7) Banks are allowed to levy a penalty for premature encashment of deposits at
their discretion. Banks generally pay interest on such deposits as applicable for
the period which deposit has been kept with the bank (less penalty if levied).
8) Bank allows loans against the fixed deposits on demand. Margin retained over
the deposit outstanding and interest rates charged thereon are decided by the
bank and may vary from bank to bank.
Opening of a time deposit Account:
normally the requirements as given under savings bank account apply to time
deposits also. However, photographs are not insisted for deposits below
Rs.10,000/-. Also the requirements regarding furnishing of PAN number applies
only to time deposits over Rs.50,000/- made in cash.
Advantage of fixed deposit:
1) If we once deposited into FD (Fixed Deposit) its very safety.
2) Its interest % is high when compare with other deposits like SB (Saving Bank
A/C) & Current A/C.
3) If a senior citizen, the FD gives them the highest rate of interest. Its vary
depends upon the banks.
4) Anybody can keep FD with "Time base and Money base" schemes.
BRANCH BANKING
37
For example. 2 years deposits or 5 years deposits / up to Rs.50,00,000/- or
Rs.10,00,00,000/-.
Disadvantage of fixed deposit:
We can't withdraw the deposited money back until the terms of deposit
completes.
For example.
We deposit your money into the FD for 5 years up to Rs.50,00,000/-. After 2
years of deposit, we need the deposited money in FD, nobody can't withdraw
back without completion of the deposit amount reached.
If the FD reach Rs.50,00,000/- then it is possible for withdraw the amount. Until
we can't do anything against the FD.
The Only one chance is, "CLOSE THE FD A/C" and then it may get our money
back.......!
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Attractive deposit scheme of Vaishya bank w.e.f.14-07-2008
Period Gen.Publicincluding Regd. Trust Co-op. Societies Senior Citizens
Co-operative Societies
Senior Citizens
Current Deposits NIL NIL NIL
Saving Deposits 3.50% 3.50% 3.50%
Term Deposits
15 days to 45 days 4.25% 4.50% 4.75%
46 days to 180 days 4.50% 4.75% 5.00%
181 days to 1 years 7.00% 7.25% 7.50%
13 months to 15 10.00% 10.25% 10.50%
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Months
16 Months to 2 years 9.50% 9.75% 10.00%
25 Months to 3 years 9.00% 9.25% 9.50%
Above 3 years 8.50% 8.75% 9.00%
Loans and Advances:
Banks finance industries for meeting their day to day requirements as well
as for purchasing or renovating their fixed assets. Similarly, bank grant advances
to farmers for raising crops, for purchasing implements, tractors, seeds and
pesticides as also for irrigational facilities, etc. The advances granted by
commercial banks are expected to develop all sectors of the national economy.
The Sources from which banks get funds may be broadly stated as under
(a) Paid-up capital: Funds paid towards the capital.
(b) Reserves and Surplus: Reserves comprise accumulated profits retained by the
bank from year to year.
(c) Deposits: These are moneys placed by depositors with banks in savings,
current and time deposits.
(d) Borrowings from other banks: Commercial banks borrow moneys from
Reserve Bank of India and State Bank of India against Government & other
securities.
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Methods of Granting Advances:
The main methods of granting advances may be classified as:
1) Cash Credits
2) Overdrafts
3) Bills Discounting
4) Loans
Cash credit:
CASH CREDIT
Purpose:
Finance required for day to day functioning of the business
Maximum Amount, Eligibility:
(a) 75% of working capital gap
(b) 20% of Realistic Projected Turnover in case of manufacturing units with
limits above Rs.50 lacs
41
Repayment:
Up to one year subject to enhancement of limit
Rate of Interest:
Up to Rs.10 lacs (Priority Sector 12%) (Non Priority Sector 13%)
Sureties:
(A) Up to Rs. 5 lacs:
Business / salaried surety (salaried person can be considered with monthly gross
salary of Rs.15, 000/- and net salary Rs.10, 000/- p.m. and above)
(B) Above Rs. 5 lacs:
Two sureties
One Business surety if collateral is more than 50% of the facility
(C) For CC limit up to Rs.10 lacs:
One salaried surety if collateral is more than 50% of the facility
Two salaried sureties with monthly gross salary of Rs.15, 000/- and net salary
Rs.10, 000/- p.m. and above
Service Charges: 1.2% of amount sanctioned
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Loans:
The term 'loan' is popularly used to denote the granting of an advance in lump
sum, generally on the basis of securities acceptable to the banker. The
distinguishing feature of a loan is that interest on it is payable on the entire
amount, whether it is fully utilized or not. It is granted for a definite period and the
borrower is given the facility to repay it in one lump sum or in installments. As far
as a banker is concerned, the operating cost of a loan is lower as compared to a
cash credit or an overdraft. This method of granting an advance has the advantage
of strengthening the financial discipline in the use of bank credit. Follow up,
supervision and control of end-use of bank credit could be made more effective in
the case of loans as compared to cash credits and overdrafts.
Loan Schemes:
The Vaishya Bank has different loan schemes. These are as follows:
1) Vehicles loan
2) Personal Loan
3) Housing Loan Scheme
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Sanction, Documentation & Disbursement
Application form:
Wherever applicable, prescribed application form duly filled is
obtained.
Personal Information forms:
Personal Information form of the borrower and guarantors duly completed in all
respect and supported by documentary proof wherever required. Information
given in the personal information form is properly scrutinized and verified, so as
to assess their net worth. Net worth and income proof of the applicant(s) /
guarantor(s) is cross checked with their latest Wealth tax receipts/return, Audited
Financial statements and Income Tax return.
Xerox copies of any documentary proof are verified from original papers.
Personal Information forms are obtained every year and/or at the time of review/
enhancement of the credit facilities.
Confidential report /Opinion letter:
Confidential Report/opinion letter from the existing bankers is obtained in
case borrowing units are having banking relationship with other banks.
Confidential report of the associate is obtained from their bankers.
Pre-sanction Visit:
Pre sanction visit is paid to verify the facts given by the applicant borrower
about his worth and his proposal.
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The visit report containing gist of observations during the visit is kept on record.
A visit register should be maintained and updated properly immediately after
visiting the unit / account.
The site of the property to be purchased in case of housing loan and the
property/ assets proposed to be mortgaged / hypothecated is visited for
ascertaining their realizable value. .
Need based finance as per realistic projections:
All relevant financial and other documents and information concerning the
credit proposal is obtained from the borrower (s) /guarantors (s) before
assessment of the credit needs. The projections submitted by the
borrower/applicant company are accepted only after proper study and these is
critically analyzed in the proposal note.
Current trends in a particular industry/sector are also being taken into
consideration. Adequate scrutiny of balance sheet and comments thereon is
being incorporated in the proposal note.
Interview of the borrower is conducted after receipt of all the relevant
papers/documents concerning the credit proposal. Important information elicited
through such interviews is brought out in the credit appraisal of the borrower.
Proper analysis of conduct of the account is also being carried out.
Continuations of facilities are considered on their actual utilization in past and
assessment as per future projections.
It is ensured that the existing accounts of the borrower are regular, audit and
inspection irregularities are rectified, estimates are not inordinately inflated and
the vital issues are commented upon properly.
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The sanctioning authority is satisfying itself about the acceptability of credit
needs of the borrower and end use of funds lent with sources of repayment.
At the time of mid-term review of the projects, if additional loans are to be
sanctioned then proper appreciation of the market conditions and the factors,
which led to time and cost over runs in the projects, should be taken into account
by the sanctioning authority.
At the time of take-over of accounts from other, bank/s it should be ensured that
the accounts of the borrower with existing bank/s are regular and conform to the
norms laid down for takeover as per Lending Policy.
Stipulating suitable repayment program and adequate moratorium period:
While appraising the proposal for term loans, need for granting moratorium in
repayment should be assessed and decided, based on period required for
completion of the project, probable date of commencement of trial and
commercial production and leverage for contingencies. After considering above
factors, moratorium should be fixed so that need for extending moratorium
period / rescheduling / restructuring the repayment schedule at initial stage itself
can be avoided.
The repayment programme should be fixed as per income generation /cash
flow from the activity i.e. overall repaying capacity of the borrower including his
other repayment commitments. Besides, the economic life of assets created out
of bank finance should also be taken into account while deciding repayment
period.
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46
EMI Stipulation:
While stipulating EMI, following points need to be noted:
The repayment period should be reckoned from the date of first disbursement
and the EMI should be stipulated after calculating it properly by referring the
EMI chart so as to ensure that entire dues are recovered within the stipulated
tenor of the loan.
Interest accrued during moratorium period should be either recovered
separately or should be taken into account along with Principal while fixing
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47
Application form, Note for appraisal of credit facilities, sanction letter:
Application form, Note for appraisal of credit facilities, Sanction letter and other
relevant papers should be held on record along with the documents concerned
file of the borrower.
Conveying sanction and obtaining acceptance:
1) The details of the sanction of a Loan are conveyed by Vaishya bank to the
borrower by a written communication.
2) While conveying the sanction, it is ensured that terms and conditions of
the sanction are specific and not vague.
All the terms and conditions are clearly mentioned in the sanction letter so as
to avoid the possibility of any confusion or misinterpretation. Proper
description of interest rate (in relation to BPLR/Bank Rate, Fixed or Floating
rate etc. and the Credit Rating of the borrower) and validity period of
sanction should also be mentioned in the sanction letter.
A clause stating that the interest rates are subject to change from time to
time depending upon the policy of the Bank should be incorporated.
Compliance of terms and conditions of sanction:
Disbursements is permitted only after compliance of all the terms and
conditions of the sanction including creation of the Bank's charge on assets
and noting of the same with appropriate authorities in applicable cases,
obtaining personal guarantees wherever stipulated. It is ensured that at least
proportionate margin money is brought in / maintained by the borrower.
48
PAPERS/DOCUMENTS REQUIRED FOR LOAN PROPOSAL:
From Borrower:-
1) Copy of PAN Card (or Voter's Card) this is required for proper
identification of the Borrower
2) Last 3 years I.T. Returns (SARAL Forms) - Form No. 16
3) ------- do ------- (Latest salary slip in case of salaried person)
4) Residence Proof - Copy of Ration Card
5) Photos of Borrower
Guarantor (1):-
1) Copy of PAN Card (or Voter's Card)
2) Last 3 year's I.T. Returns (SARAL Forms) - Form No. 16
3) ------- Do ------- (Latest salaries slip in case of salaried person)
Residence Proof - Copy of Index-II of house/flat (MSD Co. Ltd.
Bill/PMC /PCMC Taxes/Tele Bill)
4) Photos
Guarantor (2):- same as above
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Documentation:
Documents are consistent with the terms and conditions of the sanction and
complete in all respects prior to disbursal of facilities. It is ensured that all
necessary documents are properly executed by all concerned.
In case of partnership firms, copy of partnership deed and the certificate of
registration of partnership firm with Registrar of Firms should be obtained.
In case of fixed assets, offered as security, its valuation is got done by our
empanelled valuer and the report also give distress sale value of the asset. It is
ensured that the valuation reports are not older than three years and valuation of
the plant & machinery, vehicles etc.
In case deposit receipts issued by the Bank are taken as security, the deposit
receipt should be duly discharged by the beneficiaries and our lien be noted on the
receipt as well as on the respective record. The deposit receipt should be renewed
on maturity. This should be observed even in case of loans granted to staff
members.
All assets charged to the Bank, in the form of primary or collateral security
except in specified exempted categories, must be adequately insured with Bank
clause. Insurance Policy in force is kept with the documents.
Payment instruments (DD / pay order) issued in favour of supplier / builder is
delivered to them directly and not through the borrower. Acknowledgement of the
supplier/builder for having received the payment instrument/s is kept on record.
All the invoices, bills and receipts for the assets created out of bank finance should
be kept on record.
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50
All security documents are maintained and held on record with adequate care.
These is kept in a proper folder/plastic cover and kept under the custody of the
Branch Head/ Authorized Official of the branch.
Follow up for recovery:
The importance of timely repayment of principal and interest is impressed upon
the borrower. For better follow up suitable record of due dates of repayment is
maintained.
Let us we see the different loan scheme that we studied in detail. These schemes
are as follows:
Consumer Loan (Vehicle)
Personal Loan
Housing Loan
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51
VEHICLES LOAN
For purchase of a new Cars/Jeeps & 2/3 wheeler.
Eligibility: Salaried persons, permanent in service, professional/
businessman having sufficient disposal income to meet the repayment.
Person engaged in agriculture and allied activities are also to be included.
Minimum Gross Income for purchase of
4 wheelers Rs. 1.20 Lakh per annum
2/3 wheelers Rs. 0.50 Lakh per annum
Income of spouse could be included if spouse joins as co-obligant.
Income should be arrived at on the basis of I. T. Returns for the past 3 years
(average) Total deductions including proposed loan installment should not
exceed 65% of Gross Income.
Amount of loan: (90% of the cost of vehicle subject to following ceiling.)
I) For 2 wheeler - Maximum RS.1.00 lack
II) For 4 wheeler - Maximum Rs.10.00lacs
Margin: 10%
Rate of Interest:
Repayment tenor Up to 3 years: 10.75% floating
Repayment tenor above 3 years: 11.75% floating BRANCH BANKING
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Security: Hypothecation of vehicle to be purchased 1 acceptable
guarantor.
Repayment: For 2/3 wheelers - 60 months
For 4 wheelers - 84 months
Processing Fee: @ 0.30%, Minimum Rs.100/-.
Finance for Second hand Vehicles: Finance for 4 wheelers only. The
vehicles up to 4 years old. The margin will be 40% and rate of interest @
BPLR (Bench mark Prime Lending Rate).
DOCUMENTS REQUIRED FOR VEHICLE LOAN PROPOSAL:
1. Quotation from showroom.
2. Receipt of cash payment (If any).
3. Charge "Hypothecation" to be registered with RTO.
4. Xerox copy of Insurance policy.
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53
Note for Vehicle Loan Scheme: (Example)
Date of application 5th July 2008
Name of the applicant XYZAge 30 yearsOccupation ServiceAmount applied for Rs. 30,000/-
Gross salary as per the last salary slip (G.S.)
Rs. 8,500/-
Total deductions (as per salary slip) NIL
Total deductions allowable under scheme (65% of G.S.)
Rs. 5,525/-
Maximum loan installment possible Rs. 5,525/-
Maximum loan amount permissible Rs. 1,69,000/-Cost of vehicle to be purchased Rs. 47,627/-Margin 37.01% Rs. 17,627/-
Bank finance permissible Rs. 30,000/-Security Hypothecation of vehicleName of guarantor LMNAge 28 yearsOccupation ServiceIs he borrower/guarantor in any other loan account: (if yes, details)
No
Annual income Rs. 98,540/-
Rate of interest 10.75%Repayment EMI Rs. 1,000/-First installment to be paid on/ before
Aug.08
Amount paid within 36 months i.e. July 2011
PERSONAL LOAN
54
Purpose: To meet any personal expenses.
Eligibility: Salaried persons with permanent employment,
Professional/Businessmen. Minimum income p. a. based on I. T. Returns
for past 3 years should be Rs. 1.00 lakh and net take home pay after
deduction of proposed loan installment is Rs. 0.40 lakh.
Amount of loan: Minimum Rs.5000/-, Maximum RS.200000/- In case of
salaried person 12 times net monthly salary
For others: 50 % of average annual income based on the I. T. Returns for
past three years.
For deciding the quantum of eligible loan amount, the income of spouse
should be taken into account provided spouse is taken as co-borrower.
Margin: No margin, i.e. 100% loan.
Rate of Interest: BPLR + 1.25%, i.e. @ 14.50% p.a.
Repayment: Maximum within 36 months by EMI
Processing Fee: Up to Rs.25000/- - Rs.50/-,
Above Rs.25001/- to Rs. 1.00 lakh - RS.200/-.
Above Rs. 1.00 lakh 0.25% of amount Sanctioned
Security: Clean loan to be guaranteed by 1 acceptable guarantor.
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DOCUMENTS REQUIRED FOR PERSONAL LOAN PROPOSAL:
1) Undertaking from employer to deduct monthly loan Installment from
salary is required.
2) Standing instructions from borrower to deduct Monthly loan
installment from salary account maintained with us.
3) Post dated cheque from the borrower is mandatory.
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56
Note for Personal Loan: (Example)
Date of application 16th June 2008
Name of the applicant ABC
Age 49 years
Occupation Service
Amount applied for Rs. 1, 00,000
Gross salary as per the last salary slip (G.S.)
Rs. 9,979/-
Total deductions (as per salary slip) Rs. 1,153/-
Other loan installments existing NIL
Total existing deduction from salary Rs. 1,153/-
Total deductions allowable under scheme
(65% of G.S.)
Rs. 6,492/-
Maximum loan installment possible Rs. 5,539/-
Maximum loan amount permissible Rs. 1,55,000/-
Permissible loan amount Rs. 1,00,000/-
Name of guarantor EFG
Age 32 years
Occupation Service
Is he borrower/guarantor in any other loan account: (if yes, details)
No
Annual income Rs. 98,400/-
Rate of interest 14.50%
Repayment EMI Rs. 3,450/-
First installment to be paid on/ before July 2008
Entire amount with interest to be paid in June 2011
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57
HOUSING LOAN SCHEME
HOUSING LOAN
Purpose:
Purchase of new flat and construction of house or purchase of old flat / house
including extension to existing flat / house
Maximum Amount:
85% of the (Agreement Value + Stamp Duty + Registration Charges)
Max: Rs.25.00 Lacs
Repayment :
Up to 180 installments in case of salaried employee
Up to 60 to 120 installments in case of others / businessmen
Rate of Interest :( Effective from 01-08-2008)
• 12 % (floating) in case of Loans up to Rs.20.00 lacs
• 13 % (floating) in case of Loans above Rs.30.00
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• In case Flat/House is given on rental basis 15 % (floating) rate of interest will
be charged.13.50 % (floating)in case of Loans above Rs.30.00 lacs up to
Rs.50.00 lacs
Sureties:
Two sureties with net income / salary of above Rs.7,000/- per month and age
below 45 years
Purchase of Flats in Building more than 15 years old :
For purchase of flat in Building which is more than 15 years old, loan will be
considered only if it is certified by the Structural Engineer that the residual life
of the building is more than 20 years and the building is in good condition.
DOCUMENTS REQUIRED FOR HOUSING LOAN PROPOSAL:
From Borrower
1. Copy of Agreement with Builder (original)
2. Search & Title Report of Advocate on Bank's Panel
3. Paper’s from Builder (As listed overleaf)
4. Search report
Papers to be obtained From the Builder
1)The Document of the Land-lord showing his ownership such as
Sale-Deed, Gift Deed, Lease- Deed, Will, Family arrangement, etc.
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59
2) City survey 7/12 Extract
3) Development agreement with the builder
4) Power of attorney given to the builder
5) Sanctioned building plan.
6) Commencement certificates issued by the Pune Municipal
Corporation / PCMC.
7) N. A. Order issued by the collector of Pune
8) Order under ULC Act
9) Completion certificate issued by PMC/PCMC
10) Title Opinion of the Advocate of the builder
11) No objection to mortgage the flat given by the builder
12) Zone certificate
13) Demarcation certificate
If the conveyance is made with the Housing Society, then No
objection from the said Society
15) Share certificate issued by the Society
16. If the Apartment is declared, then the certified copy of the
registered declaration of the Apartment
17) Tax receipt issued by the PMC/PCMC & MSD Co. LTD., BRANCH BANKING
60
18) N.A. receipt showing no dues
19) Agreement of sale of the flat executed between flat purchaser &
builder
21) Registration receipt of the aforesaid agreement
Note for Housing Loan: (Example)
Date of application 10th March 2008
Name of the applicant APK
Age 29 years
Occupation Service
Loan amount applied for Rs. 7,70,000/-Details of the payment made & to be madeTotal price as per agreement Rs. 15,00,000/-
Amount paid as per the agreement/ receipt Rs. 5,00,000/-
Balanced to paid Rs. 10,00,000/-
Terms of payment of the balance Before 10/4/2008
Scheduled date of possession Immediate
Cost of the purchase
Price as per agreement:Registration/ stamp expenses:Legal Mortgage expenses:
Rs. 15,00,000/-Rs. 75,000/-Rs. 25,000/-
Total cost of the purchase: Rs. 16,00,000/-
Means of financing
Loan amount applied for:Own contribution:
Rs. 7,70,000/-Rs. 8,30,000/-
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Source of own contribution Savings from salary
Details of the salary income
Gross salary as per the last salary slip (G.S.)
Rs 15,500/-
Total deductions (Present) Rs. 860/-Other loan installments existing NIL
Total deductions allowable under scheme (65% of G.S.)
Rs. 10,075/-
Maximum allowable loan installment per month
Rs. 9,215/-
Maximum loan available Rs. 9,07,000/-Eligible amount of loan i.e. lesser amount of the three below:
Rs. 7,70,000/-
a) 75% of cost Rs. 12,00,000/-
b) 50 times of G.S. Rs. 7,75,000/-c) Eligibility as per deductions Rs. 9,07,000/-
Repayment:Rate of interest 10.75%Loan amount Rs. 7,70,000/-Interest during moratorium NILTotal amount to be repaid Rs. 7,70,000/-
Period of repayment (months) 240 monthsEMI per month Rs. 7,850/-Date of first installment April 2008Security Registered mortgage of
the flat to be purchased
Personal guarantor name SRPAge 35 yearsOccupation ServiceAnnual income Rs. 1,92,000/-
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BRANCH BANKING
Chapter VI
FINDINGS
Chapter VI
FINDINGS
63
FINDINGS
The bank provides huge amount of loans to every section of the
society. From the above graphs we find that the advances of the bank vary
from March 2008 to June 2008.
In June 2008, the personal loan increased by 0.13%, the education
loan increased by 0.18% and the housing loan increased by 0.13%. While
the vehicle loan decreased by 0.31% because some accounts of vehicle
loan was closed. Due to this the other advances was decreased by 0.14%.
There is more demand for the saving and the current account in the bank
because, the area where the bank is situated there are more number of small scale
business are operating so there are number of cash transaction and the deposit
transaction operating in the bank. The data give that on every day around 150
cheques are sending for clearing house. But due small scale operation bank has
advantage of mouth to mouth advertising.
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64
BRANCH BANKING
Chapter VII
CONCLUSION & SUGGESTIONS
65
CONCLUSION
We studied different deposit schemes and loan schemes in the
bank. For taking the loan the customer should have to complete all the
legal procedure of the bank. He was to submit all the necessary
documents mentioned by the bank. Then the bank prepares proposal
note. If the customer is applicable then only the loan is sanctioned by the
bank.
SUGGESTIONS
1) Display the instructions & require documents for loan along with
application file.
2) Reduce the time of Loan Sanction procedure.
3) The bank needs to create awareness, as people are unaware about
the schemes of advances available in the bank.
4) As I observe that staff is not Communicate with customer politely.
5) Keep the Suggestion box for customer’s feedback.
6) Try to work as quickly as possible.
7) Keep all required counter document along with the respective table.
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BRANCH BANKING
Chapter VIII
ANNEXURE
Chapter VIII
ANNEXURE
67
Questionnaires
1) What is banking?
2) What are the reasons behind bank nationalization?
3) What are the methods of granting advances?
4) What is loan?
5) What are the loan schemes available in bank?
6) What are the criteria uses by bank to select customers for loan?
7) What are the interest rates of different loan schemes?
8) What is the process of loan sanctioning?
9) How to calculate Equated Monthly Installments (EMI)?
10) How savings account is beneficial to bank?
11) How the interest will charged at the end of the month?
12) What are the rate interests of deposit scheme?
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BRANCH BANKING
Chapter IX
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Chapter IX
BIBLIOGRAPHY
69
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1) Principles and Practice of Bank Management
By P. Subba Rao
2) Banking Theory and Practice Nineteenth Edition
By K. C. Shekhar, Lekshmy Shekhar
3) Hand Book of Vaishya Bank
4) Annual Report 2007-08 of Vaishya Bank
5) Balance sheet of Vaishya Bank
70