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Roles of lipoproteins transport of triglycerides from intestine & liver to peripheral tissues (dietary & stored fatty acids) transport of cholesterol & phospholipids to peripheral tissues, glands, and liver (« reverse ») transport of liposoluble vitamins transport of antioxidant enzymes neutralization of endotoxins effect of oxidised lipids on immune defenses, inflammation, and thrombosis passage of some particles from circulation to intimal space of arterial vessels (in both directions)

Roles of lipoproteins transport of triglycerides from intestine & liver to peripheral tissues (dietary & stored fatty acids) transport of cholesterol &

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Page 1: Roles of lipoproteins transport of triglycerides from intestine & liver to peripheral tissues (dietary & stored fatty acids) transport of cholesterol &

Roles of lipoproteins

• transport of triglycerides from intestine & liver to peripheral tissues (dietary & stored fatty acids)

• transport of cholesterol & phospholipids to peripheral tissues, glands, and liver (« reverse »)

• transport of liposoluble vitamins• transport of antioxidant enzymes • neutralization of endotoxins• effect of oxidised lipids on immune defenses, inflammation, and

thrombosis

passage of some particles from circulation to intimal space of arterial vessels (in both directions)

Page 2: Roles of lipoproteins transport of triglycerides from intestine & liver to peripheral tissues (dietary & stored fatty acids) transport of cholesterol &

Structure of apolipoprotein B

JP Segrest et al, J. Lipid Res., 2001

Page 3: Roles of lipoproteins transport of triglycerides from intestine & liver to peripheral tissues (dietary & stored fatty acids) transport of cholesterol &
Page 4: Roles of lipoproteins transport of triglycerides from intestine & liver to peripheral tissues (dietary & stored fatty acids) transport of cholesterol &
Page 5: Roles of lipoproteins transport of triglycerides from intestine & liver to peripheral tissues (dietary & stored fatty acids) transport of cholesterol &
Page 6: Roles of lipoproteins transport of triglycerides from intestine & liver to peripheral tissues (dietary & stored fatty acids) transport of cholesterol &
Page 7: Roles of lipoproteins transport of triglycerides from intestine & liver to peripheral tissues (dietary & stored fatty acids) transport of cholesterol &
Page 8: Roles of lipoproteins transport of triglycerides from intestine & liver to peripheral tissues (dietary & stored fatty acids) transport of cholesterol &
Page 9: Roles of lipoproteins transport of triglycerides from intestine & liver to peripheral tissues (dietary & stored fatty acids) transport of cholesterol &
Page 10: Roles of lipoproteins transport of triglycerides from intestine & liver to peripheral tissues (dietary & stored fatty acids) transport of cholesterol &
Page 11: Roles of lipoproteins transport of triglycerides from intestine & liver to peripheral tissues (dietary & stored fatty acids) transport of cholesterol &

NORMAL REC. DEFICIENT

VLDL

FA

LDL

IDL

VLDL

FA

LDL

IDL

Page 12: Roles of lipoproteins transport of triglycerides from intestine & liver to peripheral tissues (dietary & stored fatty acids) transport of cholesterol &

LDL normales LDL rec

sd LDL

Passage intima fragilité

cytotoxicité

LDL modifiées rétention intimale

cytotoxicité

Sous-types de LDL

Page 13: Roles of lipoproteins transport of triglycerides from intestine & liver to peripheral tissues (dietary & stored fatty acids) transport of cholesterol &

Nordestgaard BG and Nielsen LB, Curr. Opin. Lipidol., 1994

Les lipoprotéines dans la paroi artérielle

Page 14: Roles of lipoproteins transport of triglycerides from intestine & liver to peripheral tissues (dietary & stored fatty acids) transport of cholesterol &

Cholesterol

CholesterolSR-B1/CLA

Cholesterol& bile acids

LpB receptors

HDL

HDL

SR-B1/CLA

Blood

Other lipoproteins

CETPPeripheral

Tissues

Steroid hormonesSteroidogenictissues

LCAT

Cholesterol transport by HDL (normal)

Arterial wall

Apo AI

Apo AI

Apo A

I

Apo AI

ABC syst

ABC syst

Page 15: Roles of lipoproteins transport of triglycerides from intestine & liver to peripheral tissues (dietary & stored fatty acids) transport of cholesterol &

Roles of HDL: normal conditions

• Reverse cholesterol transport

from periphery (including macrophages, endothelial cells, SMC, etc…) to liver

• Cholesterol transport to steroidogenic glands• Transport of other lipid components & vitamins• Protection of LDL against peroxidative damage• Stabilization of prostacyclin• Major carrier of LPS-binding protein (LBP)

Page 16: Roles of lipoproteins transport of triglycerides from intestine & liver to peripheral tissues (dietary & stored fatty acids) transport of cholesterol &

LIPIDES ET LIPOPROTEINES PLASMATIQUES

Les Gènes sont les briques et le mortier du corps,

et le Comportement en est l’architecte

RJ Deckelbaum

Page 17: Roles of lipoproteins transport of triglycerides from intestine & liver to peripheral tissues (dietary & stored fatty acids) transport of cholesterol &

La Lésion Athéromateuse

• Maladie inflammatoire chronique de la paroi vasculaire

• Apparition récente dans évolution humaine

• Liée au mode de vie (nutrition, tabac, activité physique, ..)

• Liée au patrimoine génétique (familles, ethnies, …)

• Liée à autres pathologies (lipides, diabète, hypertension, inflammations, …) et traitements (stéroïdes, anti-rejets, ...)

• Distribution géographique (mode de vie occidental, centres urbains, …)

Largement réversible prévention efficace

Page 18: Roles of lipoproteins transport of triglycerides from intestine & liver to peripheral tissues (dietary & stored fatty acids) transport of cholesterol &

Cellules endothelialesCellules endotheliales

CML contractilesCML contractiles

La paroi artérielle normale

Page 19: Roles of lipoproteins transport of triglycerides from intestine & liver to peripheral tissues (dietary & stored fatty acids) transport of cholesterol &

Lipid

Les monocytes migrent dans l’intima, se differencient en macrophages, se gorgent de

lipides, et forment cell. spumeuses

Les monocytes migrent dans l’intima, se differencient en macrophages, se gorgent de

lipides, et forment cell. spumeuses

Début athérosclérose –Début athérosclérose –Formation de la strie graisseuseFormation de la strie graisseuse

Des lymphocytes-T accompagnent

les monocytes dans l’intima

Des lymphocytes-T accompagnent

les monocytes dans l’intima

Page 20: Roles of lipoproteins transport of triglycerides from intestine & liver to peripheral tissues (dietary & stored fatty acids) transport of cholesterol &

Adventice

Noyau lipidique

Weissberg, 1999Weissberg, 1999

La couche fibreuse et la plaque athéromateuseLa couche fibreuse et la plaque athéromateuse

Les CML qui ont migré changent de phénotype (de ‘contractile’ à ‘cicatrisation’), et produisent les

composants de la couche fibreuse

Les CML qui ont migré changent de phénotype (de ‘contractile’ à ‘cicatrisation’), et produisent les

composants de la couche fibreuse