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The Role of the HAZOP team
IEDOSH JBSemester May 2012
Prepared by :Mohd Ismafazil Ismail
HAZOP Team Member - Before the HAZOP
Before the meetings start, as a team member you can expect to receive some information about the study
Preparation for a HAZOP Study before the study commences
(a) Establish the ground rules of the study
(b) Plan the study schedule(c) Identify the team members
and arrange for their assistance
(d) Organize the data base(e) Familiar with data base(f) Members familiar with the major design and operating principles(g) Arrange a suitable meeting place
Preparation for a HAZOP Study before the study commences
Establish the Ground Rules
Aims and objectives of the study must be defined before the study commences.
Identify all causes of deviations which could lead to a safety hazard/ operability problem
Recommend changes to overcome safety hazards/ operability problem
Establish the Ground Rules
Provide training for inexperienced personnel in the design intentions and expected operation of the facility
Provide background for the preparation of plant manuals/ procedure
Review operating procedure (required by team)
Establish the Ground Rules
Record the background to all recommendations made
Record all useful information from the study
“ Recording by Exception” – causes & consequences are recorded if lead to a recommendation
“ Full recording” – all issues identified are recorded, whether or not lead to a recommendation
Plan the Schedule
(b) Plan the schedule Session dates and times (most
difficult, leader appoint time keeper) Documents to be studied in each session (low hazard may be excluded)
Team members availability
Plan the Schedule
Immediate reporting arrangements if required and final reporting (project in the design phase, construction or commissioning)
Study sub session plan if required Plan for follow up action
Team Members
(c) Identify team members – team characteristicsMembers share common objectives.Everybody contributes and knows
his/her roles, not leader dependent too much.
Each members values and respects contribution of others.
Members learn while they work.
Team Members
Disagreement are worked through by discussion.
Members enjoy team meetings.Team size between 5 (if no recorder)and 8 is probably optimum
Team balance is the most important issue.
Organisation of the Database
Ideal database in the table form is required (page 75)
During design phase, time allocated to gather latest version for each documents
Any plant modifications must be reflected on the drawings
For a procedural process study sequence of operation needed
Become familiar with the Database
Familiar with data baseLeader need background knowledgeBriefing by design/operation engineer
Fundamental hazards should be identified
Detailed study of the operating principles
Team members are familiar with operations
Members familiar with operating principles
Pre-study operation for members who had no contact with plant
Circulate some of the data base material prior to the study
Leader to talk to each team member to assess the need for these actions
Organisation of the Database
Suitable meeting placeSufficient space for participants and observer
Enough space to lay out drawingsNo telephone availableNot conducted at operating sideTip top facility
HAZOP Leader
HAZOP leader characteristicClear idea of the objectivesPlan sessions and timetableControl discussionLimit discussionEncourage team to draw conclusion
HAZOP Leader
Ensure secretary has time for taking note
Keep team in focusEncourage imagination of team
membersMotivate membersDiscourage recriminationsJudge importance issues
HAZOP Leader
Major ResponsibilitiesSelection of the teamPlanning of the studyCarrying out the studyReporting the studyFollowing up the actions
HAZOP Leader
The Team Leader’s primary role is to facilitate the team discussion
Keep the team focused: Concentrate on identifying hazards, not
re-designing the plant
Where the data is insufficient, record questions and move on
HAZOP Leader
Respond to team personalities: Be tolerant and maintain a positive
atmosphere. Restrain the extroverts Draw out the quiet thinkers
Use own knowledge to: Encourage thoroughness Obtain consensus Phrase recommendations
HAZOP Leader
HAZOP leadership is an expression of personal style… but leaders can strengthen the range of skills and behaviours they have available
The leader must stick to the principles of the HAZOP procedure but the pace and manner allow wide latitude for personal style
Guidance for HAZOP leaders includes a flow chart to monitor progress and check completeness. For our own leaders we have developed files for planning, recording and assessing the results of the study
HAZOP Leader
Experience is an important factor helping to improve performance. For the recorder this means working with different leaders to experience the variety of approaches and recording styles
Questionnaire which provides a framework for the recorder to give feedback on the conduct of the study. If we approach the feedback positively, recognising that we all have room to learn and improve, we should improve our HAZOP facilitation
HAZOP Leader
The HAZOP leader needs to define with the commissioning manager study the extent of the facilities to be studied before the HAZOP starts
Technical drawings of the facility such as Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&ID) are typically used to define the plant
HAZOP Leader
Supplementary materials are useful to clarify team discussions:
Process flow sheetsEquipment specifications and vendor detail
drawingsPiping class and relief valve specificationsPlot layout and classificationOperating manuals and emergency shut
down procedures
HAZOP Leader
Working from incomplete or out-of-date documentation is a serious pitfall
For a HAZOP on an existing facility “as built” P&ID are essential; if the plant is under design a consistent set of the latest revisions is required
HAZOP Leader
The HAZOP Leader must supervise study preparation
HAZOP Leader
The HAZOP meeting develops a rhythm after the first day which often includes some introductory discussion to orient the team
HAZOP Leader
Steps in a normal HAZOP day
HAZOP Leader
Details for study of a single plant section
HAZOP Leader
The leader must keep in mind a number of activities needed to conclude the study
HAZOP Leader
The HAZOP is completed with some activities outside the HAZOP sessions.
HAZOP Leader
The HAZOP is completed with some activities outside the HAZOP sessions.
Leadership Issues
Always prepare study program in advance.
Agree on the format or form to be used.Prepare follow up procedures.Brief members about HAZOP during first
meeting.Stop the team trying to redesign the
process.HAZOP is a team exercise. Do not let
anybody (including the leader himself to dominate).
Leadership Issues
If conflict arises, handle with care.Avoid long discussions by recording
areas which need to be resolved outside meeting.
Leader must be strong, yet diplomatic.Speak clearly. Make you point.Better have experience working as
team member previously.Do not skip anything….some time small
things may cause big accident.
Team Issues
Function effectively if it behaves as a group with common goals
Each member contributes to the common goal and remains motivated
Members are clear at all times about what point is being discussed.
Break time, story telling, games.Group dynamic and dealing with different
types of personality.Contributors to discussion, open mind,
ability to visualize situations.
Selecting a study section
Based on function of the process plant being studied and the overall HAZOP experience of the team.
HAZOP leader should review the drawings to be studied the next day and plan the sections.
Selecting the end point for the next study section refer to :(a) next change in design intent(b) significant change of state occurs(c) separate equipment items with different process parameters(d) each process vessel with its associated equipment
Selecting a study section
It can be established that there are 3 distinct design intentions in the system.
Feed tank – store the feed material for Process A Pipeline and pump – to transfer the feed from the storage tank to Process A Process A – to do something with the feed supplied to it.
Selecting a study section
3 distinct study sections because there are 3 definite design intents in the process system.
Each one would be a HAZOP study section.The important principle in conducting a
HAZOP study as a leader is to confine the causes of a guideword.
Follow consequences to the most severe situation
The selection of the study section is the TEAM LEADER’s responsibility.
Team Selection & TrainingTeam size is important, between 5 (no recorder)
and 8 is probably optimum.Team must have detailed knowledge of the way
the plant is intended to work.Technique of using guidewords generates a very
large number of questions.It is essential that the team contains enough
people with sufficient knowledge and experience to answer the majority of those questions without recourse to further expertise.
Team Selection & TrainingNew Project
System Design Engineer
Mechanical/Structural Engineer
Operation Supervisor/Foreman
Instrument/Control System Design Engineer
Safety/Quality Representative
Existing System
Shift Charge Engineer
Maintenance
Electrician
Instrumentation
Production Engineer
Design Engineer
Specialist Engineer
Responsibility of HAZOPteam member
HAZOP recorderTake adequate notesRecord documentationsInform leader if more time
required in taking notesIf unclear, check wording before
writing
Responsibility of HAZOPteam member
Refrain from taking part in the debate
Produce interim lists of recommendations
Produce draft report of studyCheck progress of chase actionProduce final report
Responsibility of HAZOPteam member
Process/System Design Engineer
Provide a simple description
Provide design intention for each
process unit
Provide information on process
conditions and design conditions
Provide information on hazards of
process/ operations
Responsibility of HAZOPteam member
Mechanical Design Engineer
Provide specification details for
equipments
Provide vendor package details
Provide equipment and piping
layout information
Provide information on design codes
Responsibility of HAZOPteam member
Instrument Engineer & Control
Specialist
Provide details of control philosophy
Provide interlock and alarm details
Provide info on shutdown, safety feature
Give information on hardware reliability
and modes of failure
Provide information on testing needs
Responsibility of HAZOPteam member
Plant Engineer or ManagerProvide information on compatibility
with any existing adjacent plant
Provide details of site utilities and services
Provide (for study on existing plant) any update on maintenance access and modifications
Responsibility of HAZOPteam member
Shift Operating Engineer or SupervisorProvide guidance on control
instrumentation integrity from an operating experience view point
Provide (for study on existing plant) information on plant stability at the specified control parameters
Provide information on experienced operability deviations of hazard potential
Responsibility of HAZOPteam member
Operations’ RepresentativeCheck the design details against operating
philosophy
Ensure design is compatible with existing systems
Check design against maintenance requirements
Provide details of operating practice and procedures
Responsibility of HAZOPteam member
ChemistProvide details of process chemistryProvide details of process hazards
(polymerizations, byproducts, corrosion etc)
Project EngineerProvide details of cost and time estimation
and also budget constraints.Ensure rapid approval if required
Training of HAZOPteam member
Formal training schemeTraining on HAZOP techniqueHAZOP leader : good grounding in the
technique & practical experienceHAZOP recorder : on-line recording packageHAZOP team : general introduction on
methodology & reasons for carrying out a study
Question Technique
Open questionsHelp person being asked to think – use
words how, what and why.
Closed questionsTo focus on an issue or problem. Start with
words who, when, where.Required answer yes or no only.
Question mixMix between open and closed questions.
Question Technique
Things to avoid
Ambiguous or vague questions. Double barrell/multiple questions. Long complicated questions. Interrogation type of questions. A loaded questions – implied judgement.
THANK YOU