Roger Ruan, Petter Hieronumus Heyerdahl,and

Lanny Schmidt, Robert Walker, Elisabet Fjermestad Hagen

Conversion of Biomass into Conversion of Biomass into Bioenergy and BioproductsBioenergy and Bioproducts

How new technologies can provide sustainable solutionsStaur, Norway, August 15th – 18th, 2004

Project 6

Outline

Biomass factsBiomass factsNew biomass conversion technologiesNew biomass conversion technologies

– Total liquefaction processTotal liquefaction process– Microwave pyrolysisMicrowave pyrolysis– RefiningRefining– Product and market possibilitiesProduct and market possibilities

Joint collaboration proposal resulted Joint collaboration proposal resulted from last year’s meeting and our from last year’s meeting and our recent discussionrecent discussion

Biomass characteristics

Lot of biomass available, such as Lot of biomass available, such as agricultural and forestry byproducts, agricultural and forestry byproducts, MSW, and industrial wastesMSW, and industrial wastes

Low bulk density and distributed Low bulk density and distributed resourceresource

Low energy densityLow energy density

New biomass conversion technologies

Total liquefaction processTotal liquefaction process

Microwave pyrolysisMicrowave pyrolysis

RefiningRefining

Total Liquefaction Process

Biomass

Biopolymers, Biochemicals, Biofuels

Zero Emission!

Example of Biomass

pineapple pulp

corn stover meal

starch

Liquefaction apparatus

Liquefying agents

Catalysts

Medium temperature

Atmospheric pressure

Fossil Oil Like Biopolyols

Unlimited Possibilities

• Millions of years work in hours

• Can be implemented on or near farms to convert bulky biomass to easily managed pumpable liquids for transport to refineries

Product Possibilities

FuelsFuels BiopolymersBiopolymers

– Polyurethane (soft and rigid foam) Polyurethane (soft and rigid foam) – Polyesters (sheet, film)Polyesters (sheet, film)– AdhesivesAdhesives

PaintsPaints High strength pressed articles (e.g., fiber High strength pressed articles (e.g., fiber

board)board) FibersFibers Feedstock for other processesFeedstock for other processes

Polyester + DGG

Composite Polyester + fibers

CompositePolyester film

Wood Adhesive

Sample Products

Polyurethane foam

Biodiesel

Research at CFB

Collaboration on Microwave Technology for Biomass Conversion

Microwave as alternative heating Microwave as alternative heating method for biomass liquefaction:method for biomass liquefaction:– Expected advantages:Expected advantages:

• Fast and uniform heatingFast and uniform heating• Enhanced efficiencyEnhanced efficiency• Reduced undesirable localized burning or Reduced undesirable localized burning or

carbonizationcarbonization• Better temperature controlBetter temperature control

BiogasMethane, hydrogen, CO ++

Bio-oils

Carbon and inert

Organic acids

Microwave Pyrolysis

Heats biomass in oxygen

free atemosphere.

Thermochemicaldecomposition.

Biomass

Microwaves

Pyrolysis Reactor at Agricultural University of Norway (10-60kg/hr)

Factory produces elect., gas, oil, organic acids and carbon

Biooil from microwave pyrolysis

Biooil Refining System at Center for Biorefining

Waste

Bio-oil

Biomass

Preprocessing

Liquefaction Purification

Solvent Recycle

Gas and/or water

Biopolyol and biooilinjector

Condensation SeparationModified Pyrolysis

H2, Syngas,

Gases Condensables

Heating tape

Catalysts

Biooils, Biopolyols to Hydrogen and other Products

TotalLiquefaction

Process

CleanBiomass

DifficultBiomass

Microwave Pyrolysis

Ind.WasteMSW

Biooils

Syngas

Biopolymers

Coke

Biochemicals

Etc.

Combined Biomass Refining Scheme

Biorefining:Oxidation,Separation,Condensationand Distillation,Etc.

Joint collaboration proposalsJoint collaboration proposals

Thank you!

Questions?