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Rock Cycle UnitVocabulary
7th Grade Science
Weathering• The breaking down of Earth’s
materials by natural processes (water, wind, ice, chemicals, etc.) into smaller pieces or sediments
Erosion• Weathered rock and soil particles
are moved from place to place by water, wind, or ice
Deposition• Weathered sediments are laid
down in a new location helping create new landforms or rocks
Melting• Caused by heat and pressure
around the rock to form magma
Solidification• Magma or lava cools and hardens
Recrystallization• Through heat and pressure, the
rock’s atoms and crystals are rearranged
Igneous Rock
• Formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava
• 2 Types– Extrusive Igneous Rock– Intrusive Igneous Rock
Extrusive Igneous Rock• Formed above ground from lava
cooling and hardening• Characteristics from Cooling
Quickly– Small or no crystals– Fine-grained texture
Intrusive Igneous Rock• Formed below ground from magma
cooling and hardening• Characteristics from Cooling Slowly
– Large or small crystals– Coarse-grained texture
Sedimentary Rock
• Formed from sediments (rock fragments, mineral grains, animal or plant remains) that are pressed or cemented together
• 3 Types– Clastic Sedimentary Rock– Organic Sedimentary Rock– Chemical Sedimentary Rock
Law of Superposition
• States that layers and fossils on top are younger than lower layers
• Strata – horizontal layers formed from deposited sedimentary rock
• Stratification – process of arranging sedimentary rocks into layers
Oldest RocksHere !
Youngest RocksHere !
VolcanoRoots here!
Metamorphic Rock• Rock changes due to intense heat
and high pressure then recrystallizes– Not heated enough to melt the rock
• 2 Types– Foliated Metamorphic Rock– Non-Foliated Metamorphic Rock
Bands (CAN) Form = Foliated
Metamorphicmeans
“changed”
