Robotics in Manufacturing
Robotics in ManufacturingByGroup 6Amulya M12066Prithiv Prasad
C12078Mythri H N12090Sandeep Haneefa12102Syam Thomas12114
Robotics: The branch of technology that deals with the design,
construction, operation, and application of robotsRobot comes from
the Czech word robota, meaning drudgery or slave-like labor. A
robot is A machine capable of carrying out a complex series of
actions automaticallyA machine resembling a human being and able to
replicate certain human movements and functionsSome robots require
some degree of guidance, which may be done using A remote control
With a computer interfaceArtificial intelligence Robotics and
RobotsFather of Robotics: George Charles Devol . 1954: First
industrial robot, The Unimate1961:General Motors installed the
Unimate for die casting handling and spot welding 1963:Six-jointed
Rancho Arm was created to assist handicapped.1968:Tentacle arm with
12 joints to lift a person was designed by Marvin Minsky
1969:Stanford Arm - The first electronically powered,
computer-controlled arms1974:Silver Arm was created by MIT's David
Silver to perform precise assembly using touch and pressure sensors
and a microcomputer
HistoryGreater accuracy, precision and consistencyImproved
product quality, productivity and manufacturing cost cutsNo more
dull, hazardous or taxing tasks for workersRobots can handleToxic
substancesRepetitive and detail-driven jobsLifting, carrying and
selecting products without tiring or stopping. Return on investment
(ROI) for an industrial robot is substantial and quick. Robots are
tireless and fasterPrevents accidents Why use Robots?Robot
Architecture
ControllerBrain of the robotRuns on a set of instructions
written in codeRobot ArmsVary in size and shapeHave joints which
give the robot three degrees of freedomUp and DownLeft and
RightForward and BackwardBasic components usedEnd EffectorConnected
to the robot armFunctions as a handVariations in an
effector:GripperVacuum pumpMagnetsWelding TorchesDriveEngine or
Motor that moves the links or jointsDifferent
types:HydraulicPneumaticElectric
Basic Components Used(Cont.)SensorsCan give a limited sense of
sight and soundCollects information and sends it electronically to
the controllerVision sensors allow a pick and place robot to
differentiate between itemsPrevent two robots bumping into each
otherAssist end effectors by adjusting part variances
Basic Components Used(Cont.)AerospaceAutomotive manufacturing
and supplyChemical, rubber and plastics manufacturingElectrical and
electronicsEntertainment-movie makingFood stuff and beverage
manufacturingGlass, ceramics and mineral productionPrinting Wood
and furniture manufacturingRobots in ManufacturingHandling
dangerous materials Cutting and polishingPick and Place
OperationsAssembling products Spot and Electric Arc Welding
Spraying finishes Inspecting parts, produce, and livestock
Tasks of Robots in Manufacturing
A Welding Robot10Programmed by Guiding Manual guiding of a robot
from point to point through the phases of an operationOff-line
programming Points of an operation are defined through computer
commandsReferred to as manipulator level off-line programmingCan be
programmed to move through a specified continuous path alsoEg:
Continuous path control- spray painting or arc welding a curved
jointA robot should be synchronized with the automated machine
tools or other robots with which it is workingRobot control systems
are thus interfaced with a centralized control system.How are
robots Programmed?A program written, should consist of the
following:The path , robot should followThe points it should
reachDetails about how to interpret the sensor dataHow and when the
end-effectors should be activatedHow to move parts between given
locations
Essentials of a Program1st Robot Language: VAL (Variable
Assembly Language)- used in Unimate RobotsVisual Programming
LanguagesEg: LabVIEWPrograms are constructed by dragging icons into
the program area and adding or inserting into the sequenceFor each
icon, parameters are then specified(Data)The program is then
downloaded on a micro-controller for testingScripting LanguagesEg:
RoboLogixHigh-level programming language used to control a software
applicationIs interpreted in real-time, or "translated on the fly",
instead of being compiled in advance
Programming Languages UsedToday's robots: Are not creative or
innovative Can not think independently Can not make complicated
decisions Can not learn from mistakes Can not adapt quickly to
changes in their surroundings Every successful business must depend
on real people for these abilities.
Limitations of RobotsBundles and stacks boxes onto pallets for
storage and shipment
Palletizer
Automated Paint SprayingRobotic Sprayer
Robotics has enhanced the productivity of many manufacturing
industries.But still, the question remains if justice is being done
to the human population as robots are taking over their
jobs.Integrating Robotics with Human power is the only feasible
solution available.
Conclusion
Car Making in BMW
