Robin Joseph Thomas (FK-2055)

8/8/2019 Robin Joseph Thomas (FK-2055)

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ITBM

ASSIGNMENT

Submitted byRobin Joseph Thomas

FK-2055

PGDM 19-B


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1) Supply chain management

SCM is the process of effectively managing the components of an extended

value chain--from suppliers, through manufacturing and distribution chain, and

to the consumers. SCM information systems use technology to more effectivelymanage supply chains.

TYPES OF SCM SYSTEM SOFTWARE

The two basic types of SCM system software are:

1. Supply Chain Planning software (SCP): It uses mathematical models to predictinventory levels based on the efficient flow of resources into the supply chain

2. Supply Chain Execution software (SCE): It is used to automate differentsteps in the supply chain such as automatically sending purchase orders to

vendors when inventories reach specified levels.

2) 3G

International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT 2000), better

known as 3G or 3rd Generation, is a generation of standards for mobile phones

and mobile telecommunications services fulfilling specifications by the

International Telecommunication Union. Application services include wide-area

wireless voice telephone, mobile Internet access, video calls and mobile TV, all ina mobile environment. A 3G system must allow simultaneous use of speech and

data services, and provide peak data rates of at least 200 kbit/s according to the

IMT-2000 specification.

In 2008, India entered the 3G arena with the launch of 3G enabled Mobile and

Data services by Government owned Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. (BSNL). Later,

MTNL launched 3G in Delhi and Mumbai. Nationwide auction of 3G wireless

spectrum was announced in April 2010. The first Private-sector service provider

that launched 3G services is Tata Docomo, on November 5 2010. And the second

is by Airtel in the middle of the same month. Other providers like Vodafone, Idea

and Aircel are expected to launch 3G services by January 2011.


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3) .NETThe Microsoft .NET Framework is a software framework for Microsoft

Windows operating systems. It includes a large library, and it supports several

programming languages which allows language interoperability (each languagecan utilize code written in other languages.) The .NET library is available to all the

programming languages that .NET supports. The framework's Base Class Library

provides user interface, data access, database connectivity, cryptography, web

application development, numeric algorithms, and network communications.

The class library is used by programmers, who combine it with their own code to

produce applications

Microsoft started development on the .NET Framework in the late 1990s

originally under the name of Next Generation Windows Services (NGWS). By late2000 the first beta versions of .NET 1.0 were released. Version 3.0 of the .NET

Framework is included with Windows Server 2008 and Windows Vista. Version

3.5 is included with Windows 7, and can also be installed on Windows XP and the

Windows Server 2003 family of operating systems. On April 12, 2010, .NET

Framework 4 was released alongside Visual Studio 2010.

4) SERVICE ORIENTED ARCHITECTUREA service-oriented architecture is essentially a collection of services. These

services communicate with each other. Service-oriented architecture (SOA) is a

flexible set of design principles used during the phases of systems development

and integration in computing. Service Provider creates a service for interaction

and exposes the services description for consumers and may decide to register

this service with registry of choice. The Service consumer discovers the service

from register or directly from service provider and send messages in well defined

XML format

The eight specific service-orientation principles:

Standardized Service Contract Service loose coupling


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Service Abstraction Service Reusability Service Autonomy Service Statelessness Service Discoverability Service Composability

REQUIREMENTS

Interoperability among different systems and programming languages thatprovides the basis for integration between applications on different

platforms through a communication protocol

Desire to create a federation of resources.

5) WIPRO

Wipro Technologies Limited is a giant information technology services

corporation headquartered at Bangalore, business spans India, Asia Pacific and

the Middle East.It has interests varying from Information technology, consumer

care, lighting, Engineering and health care businesses.

Azim Premji is the Chairman of the Board, WIPRO started as a vegetable oil

trading company in 1947 from an old mill at Amalner, Maharastra, India founded

by M.H. Premji .In 1979, WIPRO began developing its own computers and in 1981

started selling the finished product.Wipro Limited, which dealt in hydrogenated

cooking fats along with consumer products, grew from a company of US $2.5

million to a giant of $1.4 billion under Premji's leadership. Its main divisions

include IT Services,Product Engineering Solutions,Technology Infrastructure

Services and Business Process Outsourcing. IT details of the company include

Database: MS SQL 2000/2005,OS: Windows 2003 enterprise edition,Application:

Alpha petrol, Enabler Management, Enabler Configuration, Fuel

Rconciliation,Reporting Tool: Jasper Report and Controller Hardware: Enabler


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from Integration Technologies from New Zealand. WIPRO mainly deals with

SystemSoftwareDevelopment, Operating System, Device Driver Development.

6) Cloud computingCloud computing is a style of computing that characterizes a model in

which providers deliver a variety of IT-enabled capabilities to consumers. Cloud-

based services can be exploited in a variety of ways to develop an application or

a solution. Using cloud resources does not eliminate the costs of IT solutions, but

does re-arrange some and reduce others. In addition, consuming cloud services

enterprises will increasingly act as cloud providers and deliver application,

information or business process services to customers and business partners.

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Increasingly associated with SMEs. Requires a constant Internet

connection.

Cloud computing users avoid capital

expenditure

Does not work well with low-speed

connections.

Reduced implementation and

maintenance costs.

Can be slow.

Increased storage on demand / Flexible

and scalable infrastructures.

Features might be limited.

Greening of the data center / Reduced

Energy costs

Stored data might not be secure.

Highly automated. Stored data can be lost

Greater mobility to workforce.


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7) CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT

Customer relationship management is a comprehensive strategy. It is the

process of acquiring, retaining and partnering with selective customers to create

superior value for the company and the customer. It involves integration ofmarketing, sales, customer service and supply chain functions of the

organization. The purpose of CRM is to improve marketing productivity. Effective

CRM implementation requires a frontline information system that shares

relevant customer information across all interface units.CRM tools are meant to

supplement a companys strategy for building effective customer relationships.

FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO DEVELOPMENT AND EVOLUTION OF CRM

Advent of sophisticated computer and telecommunication technologies thatallow producers to directly interact with end customers. For e.g. in Airline,

Banking, the de-intermediation process is fast changing the nature of marketing

and consequently making relationship more popular. The de-intermediation

process and consequent prevalence of CRM is also due to the growth of the

service economy. Between the service provider and the service user and the

service user an emotional bond also develops creating the need for maintaining

and enhancing the relationship

Another force driving the adoption of CRM has been the total quality movement.

When companies embraced the TQM philosophy to improve quality and reduce

costs, it became necessary to involve suppliers and customers in implementing

the program at all levels of the value chain. Thus several companies, such as

Motorola, IBM, Xerox formed partnering relationships with suppliers and

customers to practice TQM .Marketers are forced to be more concerned with

customer retention & loyalty. On the supply side it pays more to develop closer

relationships with a few suppliers than to work with more vendors.

Finally, many large internationally oriented companies are today trying to

become global by integrating their worldwide operations. Since CRM

implementation comprises a significant IT component, these companies have

often handed over the responsibility of CRM implementation to IT departments.


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8) LINUX

It is a Unix-like Operating System. Linux is a famous open source project. It

is free to use, distribute, modify under a compatible licence. Linux is produced by

a large developer and user community.it is a combination of many projects. Thecost of commercial development of this is estimated at USD 7 billion. Linux was a

Unix-based OS. UNIX was developed in 1970 by AT&T Lab (Later known as Bell

Lab. Linux is created in 1991 by Linus Torvalds.

Version 1of Linux is released in 1994. Initially it was developed for 80x86

processors (IA32 or i386 architecture processors. Today it supports various

processors such as- AMD, Motorola 6800, Power PC, etc. People can improve and

add things in LINUX. Some WINDOWS programs can be run under LINUX using

emulator.

9) GREEN COMPUTING

The study and practice of using computing resources efficiently. The goals

are similar to green chemistry; that is reduce the use of hazardous materials,

maximize energy efficiency during the products lifetime and promote

recyclability or biodegradability of defunct products and factory waste.

Virtualization is the process of running two or more logical computer systems onone set of physical hardware; it is one of the most approaches of the green

computing. Other approaches are Power management, Power supply, Storage,

Video card, Material recycling.

It is estimated that out of $250 billion per year spent on powering computers

worldwide, only about 15% of that power is spent computing-the rest is wasted.

In order to achieve the energy efficiency target IT Cos. will have to learn to use

less electricity in just the same the way, using green computing to save money.

This will demand major changes in IT uses and policies. An industry initiative

called 80 PLUS certificates PSUs that are at least 80% efficient.


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them to Internet services more commonly accessed on desktop or notebook

computers or help them by making it easier to use the Internet on

their portable devices. Mobile application development is a important concept in

the field of mobile applications, it is defined as, the process by

which applications are developed for small low-power handheld devices such

as persona digital assistants, enterprise digital assistants or mobile phones. These

applications are either pre-installed on phones during manufacture, or

downloaded by customers from app stores and other mobile software

distribution platforms.

Mobile applications development mainly consists of two platforms, one which

supports multiple manufacturers and one which does supports only one

platform. Multiple supporting platforms include Java-me, Symbian, Android and

Windows mobile. Single manufacturer platforms include Blackberry and Apple.

Business market for Mobile applications is huge as much as $1.7 billion.

12) Social Networking Sites

Social networking is the interaction of people who share common

interest. Social Networking Sites is the online service or platform that builds

social relations among people

BLOG

A blog is basically an online journal that can be either public or private. If your

blog is private, only specific users that you invite can read your blog. You can blog

about anything, personal experiences, travel, or on a particular topic. To

subscribe to a blog, you will need to sign up for a Google reader account or other

RSS feed reader.

ORKUT

Orkut is an online community that connects people through a network of trusted

friends

FACEBOOK

It allows user search for new and old friends. It makes less awkward when

communicating with strangers. It is easier to join group having similar interest. It


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is free and easy to use. The level of customization makes it stand out from other

networking sites.

13) APPLE.INCSteve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Mike Markkula formed Apple Computer onApril 1, 1976, after taking out a $250,000 loan. Steve Wozniak built a computer

to run on the 6502 chip from MOS technology, but Jobs had the idea to sell it.

The different Apple includes Apple I, Apple II, and Macintoshetc. In 1991, Apple

Computer, IBM, and Motorola joined to create the PowerPC processors.

In July 2005, iPods U.S. market share was estimated at 74% January 2007; Apple

reported record annual earnings of $7.1 billion. In January, Steve Jobs announced

the company would change its name to Apple, Inc. to incorporate their manyendeavors. On January 27, 2010, Apple introduced their much-anticipated media

tablet, the iPod running a modified version of iOS.

14) GENPACT

Traces its beginnings to 1997, when under the name of GECIS; it was

established as an independent business unit of GE Capital. Genpact became an

independent company in January 2005, enabling faster growth by reaching downto clients outside the GE family. The company was listed on the NYSE in August

2007 under the trading symbol G. Genpact has its head quarters at Hamilton,

Bermuda.

MAJOR CLIENTS OF GENPACT

GlaxoSmithKline Penske Genworth Nissan Air Canada Linde Wachovia


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15) Business analytics

Business intelligence (BI) refers to computer-based techniques used in

spotting, digging-out, and analyzing business data, refers to the use of

technology to collect and effectively use information to improve businesseffectiveness. Common functions of Business intelligence are Reporting,Online

analytical processing, data mining, Business management and predictive

analytics. In 1958 Hans peter was the first person to use the term Business

intelligence. Its applications include gaining new insight, to support business

decisions, Continuous monitoring processes.

Before implementing a BI solution, it is worth taking different factors into

consideration before proceeding. According to Kimball et al. These are the three

critical areas that you need to assess within your organization before gettingready to do a BI project,

1. The level of commitment and sponsorship of the project from seniormanagement

2. The level of business need for creating a BI implementation3. The amount and quality of business data available

Future of BI: By 2012, business units will control at least 40 percent of the

total budget for business intelligence.

By 2010, 20 percent of organizations will have an industry-specific analytic

application delivered via (SaaS) as a standard component of their business

intelligence portfolio.

16) FLASH MEMORY

Flash memory is not new, but it is moving up to a new tier in the

storage echelon. Flash memory is a semiconductor memory device, familiar from

its use in USB memory sticks and digital camera cards. It is much faster than

rotating disk, but considerably more expensive, however this differential is

shrinking. At the rate of price declines, the technology will enjoy more than a 100

percent compound annual growth rate during the new few years and become

strategic in many IT areas including consumer devices, entertainment equipment


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and other embedded IT systems. In addition, it offers a new layer of the storage

hierarchy in servers and client computers that has key advantages including

space, heat, performance and ruggedness.Two technologies used in flash

memory are

NAND technology NOR technology

CHARACTERISTICS

Flash memories are non-volatile; they do not require power to retainmemory content.

They can be programmed (erased and written to) and can be accessed(read) at high speed.

Longer time periods are required for erasing and writing. The development of flash memories is lagging behind the development of

DRAMs because of the need for high internal voltages for writing and

erasing.

Flash memories are beginning to be widely used in the commercial marketwhere they are showing up in applications such as solid state disks.

Flash memories do have a limited life of about 104

to 10

6

erase and writeoperations but this is sufficient for many applications.

17) ONLINE BANKING

Online banking is the practice of making bank transactions or paying bills

via the Internet. One can shop online, communicate online, and now, one can

even do ones banking online. Online banking allows us to make deposits,

withdrawals and pay bills all with the click of a mouse. One can check the balance

every day just by logging on to one's account. Since bills are paid online, the

necessity of writing checks, affixing postage and posting the payment in the mail

is eliminated. Once the amount is entered and the payee is checked off, the

funds are automatically deducted from the payer's choice of account. At the


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same time the setting up an account may take time and there are learning

difficulties also because the site changes and upgrades.

BASIC REQUIREMENT

Administrator Rights

Browser Settings

Certified Versions of Sun Java Software for CitiDirect

Cookies

Internet Explorer 7.0 - Browser Settings

Internet Security Options

Java Scripts

Proxy ServerRequired Hardware

.Required Software

.Secure Sockets Layer Protocol (SSL)

18) Firewall

It is a logical barrier designed to prevent unauthorized or unwantedcommunications between sections of a computer network. Firewalls are used to

prevent unauthorized Internet users from accessing private networks

connected to the Internet, especially intranets. All messages entering or leaving

the intranet pass through the firewall, which examines each message and blocks

those that do not meet the specified security criteria.

PLATFORMS OF FIREWALL

DESKTOP FIREWALL

Any software installed on an operating system to protect a single computer is

called a desktop or personal firewall. This type of firewall is designed to protect

a single desktop computer.

NETWORK LEVEL FIREWALL
https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=1239https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=420https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=1660https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=486https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=1870https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=421https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=419https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=422https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=1288https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=1289https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=1289https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=1289https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=424https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=424https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=424https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=424https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=424https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=1289https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=1288https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=422https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=419https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=421https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=1870https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=486https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=1660https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=420https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=420https://www.citidirectonline1.citidirect.citicorp.com/web/cda/systemrequirement/detail.jsp?systemRequirementId=1239


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It inspects packet headers and filtering traffic based on the IP address. The port

and the service cant validate user inputs or detect maliciously modified

parameters in an URL request. It leaves your network vulnerable to a number of

serious threats.

STATEFUL MULTI LEVEL FIREWALL

It filters packets at the network level and recognize and process application-

level data, but since it doesn't employ proxies, it deliver reasonably good

performance in spite of the deep packet analysis. It is not cheap, and it can be

difficult to configure and administer.

19) TELECOM INDUSTRYIndian telecom industry is the world fastest growing telecommunication

industry. It is the second largest telecommunication network in the world in

terms of number of wireless connection after china. The mobile tariffs in India

have also become lowest in the world. Indian telecommunication system is

governed by the Indian telegraph act, 1885 (ITA 1885) and the Indian wireless

act, 1933. The department of telecommunications (dot) governs the Indian

telecom industry. Dot, in co- ordination with its arm, telecom commission, looksafter licensing, policy making, and frequency management. Dot established the

telecom regulatory authority of India (TRAI) in 1997. The telecom disputes

settlement and appellate tribunal (TDSAT) were also established at the same

time. Another regulatory body is the wireless planning commission (WPC) under

the ministry of communications. In June 2009, the government of India banned

the import of several mobile phones manufactured in china. In April 2010, the

government was also reported to be blocking Indian service providers from

purchasing Chinese mobile technology. India will start using ipv6 (internetprotocol version 6) from March 2012, according to a new roadmap released by

the Indian government. Indian telecom sector has shown tremendous growth in

past few years on the back of increasing demand and policy initiatives taken by

the government.


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20) ORACLE

Oracle Corporation was founded in 1977 by Larry Ellison, Bob Miner and

Ed Oates. Over 65,000 customers worldwide rely on Oracle's complete

application solutions to achieve superior results. Oracle Applications also providecomplete choice and a secure path for customers to benefit from the latest

technology advances. Oracle Applications Unlimited is Oracle's commitment to

customer choice through continuous investment and innovation in current

applications offerings. The powerful combination of complete solutions and

complete choice drive better business performance and help customers.

21) FINANCIAL PACKAGES

The most commonly used financial packages are:

ORACLE ERP: Oracle ERP Software is the most comprehensive software system at

present that integrates all the business functions most effectively, featuring a

unique combination of hardware and software. This software is engineered to

cater the requirements of different types of industries and business processes

and has fast gained popularity across the globe.

TALLY: Tally an accounting Software is one of the simplest softwares to use, it is

very user friendly and even a person having the basic knowledge of accounts and

computers can easily learn this package on his own.

SAP: SAP is one of the top Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software in the

world. SAP is the brainchild of five IBM engineers who broke off from IBM and

founded SAP AG in 1992. It drives efficiency and value to the bottom line of

large, mid-size and now smaller organizations by redefining how business shouldbe done. SAP solutions deliver real-time visibility across the entire enterprise and

are not limited to top management, control engineers or the IT team.


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22) AMAZON.COM

Amazon.com is a public company founded in 1994 by Jeffery P Bezos. Its

headquarters is in Seattle, Washington, USA. It is available worldwide.

Its products include books, music CDs, consumer electronics among others andservices include compute, content delivery, database, E-Commerce, messaging

and monitoring, networking, payments and billing, storage...etc.

There were a few controversies related with this site such as differential pricing

competition, product availability, kindle content removal, sale of Wikipedias

material as books and collection of sales tax.

23) IT SECURITY

IT Security is eliminating the disruption of business operations and

reducing the exposure to cyber attacks. Another term for this is IT Security

Assurance. It is protecting information or data in whatever form. Cyber crime

and terrorism has escalated during recent years. It is well-organized. It is

advanced technically. It is well-financed. It has adopted a new view. The

legal/regulatory risks are disclosure of customer relationship, damage claims,

taxation/customs aspects, national/international restrictions of inter- and intra-

business financial transactions and rules imposed by regulators. Basic researchhas created sufficiently good encryption algorithms. Vendors have integrated

encryption into some of their products. As part of the Internet growth,

encryption issues are gaining public attention. More than ever, IT Security needs

strong support from basic and applied research. The shortcomings in adapting

research results to business/industry must be overcome. The demand for skilled,

interdisciplinary IT Security experts is growing quickly.

24) UIDUID project is known as AADHAAR. It means 'support' or 'foundation.

Aadhaar is the new name of the Multipurpose National Identity Card program of

the Unique Identification Authority of India. The purpose of UID is to ensure

inclusive growth by providing a form of identity to those who do not have any


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identity. It seeks to provide Aadhaar numbers to the marginalised sections of

society and thus would strengthen equity. The Aadhaar number will enable

better delivery of services and effective governance. Public and private agencies

can build services and applications that benefit residents across India. It enables

uniqueness and centralized online identity verification and gives the power to

access anywhere.

25) IT IN SPORTS

Technology is found in everything we do and everything we watch. It aids

in the healing process of athletes. It allows athletes on teams to improve their

skills, as well as connects your everyday coaches to referees on the field.

Technology has made many peoples lives much easier and has opened up the

horizon for millions of jobs. The technologies used in Baseball are Sabermetrics,

Scouting Software, Sports Betting, Dartfish, Yellow Line and Omega Wave.

Satyam Computer Services Ltd, Indias fourth biggest software firm, has blazed

the trail, signing a seven-year agreement to be FIFAs official IT services provider

and its first major sponsor from cricket-mad India. IT used in cricket are Hawkeye

and Hotspot. The story of Indian Information Technology is now on rails! Six

coaches of the Commonwealth Express train now traversing the country aredevoted to telling the success story of IT in India. It is also appropriate to briefly

examine how the web will change the sale and distribution of sporting goods

which is central to running sport programs. Wide Area Networks (WANs) can link

together sports administrators located throughout a country.

26) KNOWLEDGE PROCESS OUTSOURCING

KPO is one step extension of Business Processing Outsourcing (BPO) .KPOis emerging as a new sector that promises to provide long-term jobs for

intellectual, analytical and knowledgeable people with a pay scales much higher

than the BPO sector.KPO can be defined as high added value processes chain

where the achievement of objectives is highly dependent on the skills, domain

knowledge and experience of the people carrying out the activity.


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KPO services that can be outsourced to India are

a.) Research & Development,

b.) Business and Technical Analysis,

c.) Learning Solutions,d.) Animation & Design,

e.) Business & Market Research,

f.) Pharmaceuticals and Biotechnology

MAJOR KPO COMPANIES

Genpact Evalueserve Ugam Solutions WNS 24/7 Customer

Documents

Robin Joseph Thomas (FK-2055)