ROBERT BORDENROBERT BORDEN

PM ROBERT BORDEN. HIS TENURE WOULDBE TENUOUS AS HE GUIDED CANADA THROUGHTHE QUAGMIRE OF WWI

EARLY LIFEEARLY LIFE ELECTION VICTORY 1911. ISSUES?ELECTION VICTORY 1911. ISSUES?

NAVAL SERVICES ACT (TIN POT NAVY)NAVAL SERVICES ACT (TIN POT NAVY)

RECIPROCITY (NO TRADE NOR TRUCK WITH THE RECIPROCITY (NO TRADE NOR TRUCK WITH THE YANK)YANK)

IMPERIALISM (IRONICALLY THIS WILL CHANGE)IMPERIALISM (IRONICALLY THIS WILL CHANGE)

BIG BUSINESS (HE WOULD BREAK WITH BIG BIG BUSINESS (HE WOULD BREAK WITH BIG BUSINESS DURING WAR)BUSINESS DURING WAR)

BORN IN GRAND PRE NS IN 1854 (QUIRK OF FATE AS BORN IN GRAND PRE NS IN 1854 (QUIRK OF FATE AS MATERNAL GRANDFATHER MOVED TO NS FROM RI)MATERNAL GRANDFATHER MOVED TO NS FROM RI)

INCREDIBLY INTELLIGENTINCREDIBLY INTELLIGENT

TEACHING 15TEACHING 15

SELF TAUGHT GREEK LATINSELF TAUGHT GREEK LATIN

BY 22 HEAD OF CLASSICS AND MATH DEPARTMENT BY 22 HEAD OF CLASSICS AND MATH DEPARTMENT AT UNIVERSITY IN NJAT UNIVERSITY IN NJ

BORED OF TEACHING, NO FUTURE, DECIDES TO BORED OF TEACHING, NO FUTURE, DECIDES TO STUDY LAWSTUDY LAW

INTERNS AT LAW FIRM/ PASSES BAR 1878 AT HEAD INTERNS AT LAW FIRM/ PASSES BAR 1878 AT HEAD OF CLASS. AHEAD OF OF CLASS. AHEAD OF CHARLES TUPPERCHARLES TUPPER FROM FROM HARVARDHARVARD

WORKAHOLIC, JUNIOR LAWYER TO PARTNER TO OWN WORKAHOLIC, JUNIOR LAWYER TO PARTNER TO OWN LAW FIRM TO LARGEST LAW FIRM IN MARITIMESLAW FIRM TO LARGEST LAW FIRM IN MARITIMES

BORDEN CATCHES THE EYE OF SOME VERY PROMINENT BORDEN CATCHES THE EYE OF SOME VERY PROMINENT PEOPLEPEOPLE

1896 1896 TUPPER SRTUPPER SR CONVINCES BORDEN TO RUN CONVINCES BORDEN TO RUN FEDERALLY IN HFXFEDERALLY IN HFX

AGREES FOR ONE TERM ONLY, WANTED TO BE A JUDGEAGREES FOR ONE TERM ONLY, WANTED TO BE A JUDGE

WINS SEAT, BUT OPPOSITIONWINS SEAT, BUT OPPOSITION

THROWS HIMSELF INTO HIS NEW JOBTHROWS HIMSELF INTO HIS NEW JOB

SPEAKS ON PATRONAGE IN MAIDEN SPEECHSPEAKS ON PATRONAGE IN MAIDEN SPEECH

1900 FATHER DIES SO COMMUTES BTW NS AND 1900 FATHER DIES SO COMMUTES BTW NS AND OTTAWA SO HE CAN SUPPORT FAMILY WITH LAW FIRM OTTAWA SO HE CAN SUPPORT FAMILY WITH LAW FIRM JOBJOB

1900 WAS NOT TO RE-OFFER BUT TUPPER CONVINCES. 1900 WAS NOT TO RE-OFFER BUT TUPPER CONVINCES. BORDEN WINS HFX, BUT TUPPER LOSES CAPE BRITAINBORDEN WINS HFX, BUT TUPPER LOSES CAPE BRITAIN

1901 TUPPER RESIGNS AS LEADER OF 1901 TUPPER RESIGNS AS LEADER OF CONSERVATIVES, BORDEN CONVINCED TO RUN AS CONSERVATIVES, BORDEN CONVINCED TO RUN AS LEADERLEADER

AGREES AS INTERIM LEADER BUT STAYS UNTIL 1920AGREES AS INTERIM LEADER BUT STAYS UNTIL 1920

DURING BOER WAR CALLED FOR SUPPORT FOR BR DURING BOER WAR CALLED FOR SUPPORT FOR BR BUT ONLY IF PARLIAMENT DECIDES (COMP?)BUT ONLY IF PARLIAMENT DECIDES (COMP?)

AFTER ALASKA HE CALLS FOR CANADIAN INPUT INTO AFTER ALASKA HE CALLS FOR CANADIAN INPUT INTO ANY DISCUSSIONS BR HAS ON OUR BEHALF (COMP?)ANY DISCUSSIONS BR HAS ON OUR BEHALF (COMP?)

1904 LOSES ELECTION TO LAURIER, EVEN OWN SEAT, 1904 LOSES ELECTION TO LAURIER, EVEN OWN SEAT, DECIDES TO RESIGN BUT CONVINCED TO STAYDECIDES TO RESIGN BUT CONVINCED TO STAY

1908 LOSES ELECTION, RESIGNS, BUT CONVINCED TO 1908 LOSES ELECTION, RESIGNS, BUT CONVINCED TO STAYSTAY

1910 CRITICIZES NAVAL SERVICES ACT1910 CRITICIZES NAVAL SERVICES ACT

1911 SEIZES OPPORTUNITY TO LABEL LAURIER PRO 1911 SEIZES OPPORTUNITY TO LABEL LAURIER PRO YANKEE (TRADE/BIG BUSINESS) WINS THE ELECTIONYANKEE (TRADE/BIG BUSINESS) WINS THE ELECTION

EARLY YEARS IN OFFICEEARLY YEARS IN OFFICE MAJORITY GOV’T SO NO NEED TO PLACATE QUEMAJORITY GOV’T SO NO NEED TO PLACATE QUE

BORDEN HAD TO GOVERN A COUNTRY HE HELPED BORDEN HAD TO GOVERN A COUNTRY HE HELPED DIVIDE, PROVED DIFFICULTDIVIDE, PROVED DIFFICULT

TRIED TO REORGANIZE CIVIL SERVICE (PATRONAGE) TRIED TO REORGANIZE CIVIL SERVICE (PATRONAGE) BUT SENATE OBSTRUCTIONIST AND NEVER PASSEDBUT SENATE OBSTRUCTIONIST AND NEVER PASSED

INTRODUCED HIGHWAY ACT, BUT FAILED! (LIB INTRODUCED HIGHWAY ACT, BUT FAILED! (LIB SENATE AGAIN)SENATE AGAIN)

DOES GET PASSED NATIONAL GRAIN ACT, RURAL DOES GET PASSED NATIONAL GRAIN ACT, RURAL MAIL ACT, AND MIGRATORY BIRD ACT (MOTHERHOOD MAIL ACT, AND MIGRATORY BIRD ACT (MOTHERHOOD ISSUES ONLY)ISSUES ONLY)

TRIED TO SOOTHE CDN US RELATIONS BY SAYING IN TRIED TO SOOTHE CDN US RELATIONS BY SAYING IN ELECTION HE WAS NOT ANTI US BUT ANTI FREE ELECTION HE WAS NOT ANTI US BUT ANTI FREE TRADETRADE

1912 CANCELS LAURIER’S NAVAL BILL AND STATES 1912 CANCELS LAURIER’S NAVAL BILL AND STATES NO ALTERNATIVE YET, BUT PEOPLE WILL HAVE THEIR NO ALTERNATIVE YET, BUT PEOPLE WILL HAVE THEIR SAY BEFORE ANY NEW PROGRAM (PROMISES SAY BEFORE ANY NEW PROGRAM (PROMISES PLEBISCITE)PLEBISCITE)

TELLS BR WE MAY GIVE YOU MONEY BUT YOU MUST TELLS BR WE MAY GIVE YOU MONEY BUT YOU MUST ALLOW CANADA A SAY IN COLONIAL AFFAIRSALLOW CANADA A SAY IN COLONIAL AFFAIRS

SAME DAY CHURCHILL ASKS CANADA FOR MONEY TO SAME DAY CHURCHILL ASKS CANADA FOR MONEY TO SUPPORT DREADNOUGHT PROGRAMSUPPORT DREADNOUGHT PROGRAM

BORDEN SAYS OK IF THEY CAN PROVE NEEDED BORDEN SAYS OK IF THEY CAN PROVE NEEDED

BORDEN TALKS TO BORDEN TALKS TO FREDERICK MONKFREDERICK MONK LEADER OF LEADER OF AUTONOMISTES WHO SAYS IF EMERGENCY HE AUTONOMISTES WHO SAYS IF EMERGENCY HE WOULD SUPPORTWOULD SUPPORT

SENDS SENDS LOUIS PHILIPPE PELLETIERLOUIS PHILIPPE PELLETIER TO MEET WITH TO MEET WITH CHURCHILL IN ENGLAND (BORDEN GOES TOO)CHURCHILL IN ENGLAND (BORDEN GOES TOO)

FREDERICK MONK TO THE LEFT WAS THE LEADER OF BOURASSA’S AUTONOMISTES IN OTTAWA. THE MAN TO THE RIGHT IS LOUIS PHILIPPE PELLETIER WHO TRAVELED WITH BORDEN TO MEET WITH THE BRITISH LORD OF THE ADMIRALTY, WINSTON CHURCHILL.

WINSTON CHURCHILL 1904 WINSTON CHURCHILL 1904 FIRST LORD OF THE FIRST LORD OF THE

ADMIRALTYADMIRALTY

BRITISH PRIME MINISTER HERBERT HENRY ASQUITH1908-1916.

HE TRIED TO GET THE COLONIESTO HELP BUILD THE BRITISH NAVY.

HE EVENTUALLY LOSES JOB IN PART BECAUSE OF THE WAR

BORDEN AGREES MONEY NEEDED AND GETS BORDEN AGREES MONEY NEEDED AND GETS CHURCHILL TO WRITE LETTER TO MONKCHURCHILL TO WRITE LETTER TO MONK

MONK AGREES TO SUPPORT AS LONG AS BORDEN MONK AGREES TO SUPPORT AS LONG AS BORDEN KEEPS PLEBISCITE PROMISE, AND THE RESULT DOES KEEPS PLEBISCITE PROMISE, AND THE RESULT DOES NOT DIVIDE NATIONNOT DIVIDE NATION

BORDEN DECIDES NOT TO BOTHER AS HAS MAJORITY BORDEN DECIDES NOT TO BOTHER AS HAS MAJORITY SO DOESN’T BOTHER WITH AUTONOMISTES NOR SO DOESN’T BOTHER WITH AUTONOMISTES NOR PEOPLEPEOPLE

BORDEN PROMISED 35 MILLION TO ROYAL NAVY IF BORDEN PROMISED 35 MILLION TO ROYAL NAVY IF THEY ALLOWED CANADA A SAY IN AN IMPERIAL THEY ALLOWED CANADA A SAY IN AN IMPERIAL COUNCIL COUNCIL

CHURCHILL AND ASQUITHCHURCHILL AND ASQUITH AGREE AND 1912 AGREE AND 1912 BORDEN’S NAVAL BILL INTRODUCEDBORDEN’S NAVAL BILL INTRODUCED

DREADNOUGHTS BUILT WOULD BE TO TRAIN CDNS, DREADNOUGHTS BUILT WOULD BE TO TRAIN CDNS, CDNS WOULD BE ON BOARD, BUT WOULD BE CDNS WOULD BE ON BOARD, BUT WOULD BE COMMANDED BY BRITISHCOMMANDED BY BRITISH

AUTONOMISTES SPLIT WITH BORDEN, SUPPORT AUTONOMISTES SPLIT WITH BORDEN, SUPPORT LAURIER, BUT NOT ENOUGH, STILL MAJORITYLAURIER, BUT NOT ENOUGH, STILL MAJORITY

LAURIER DECIDES HIS TURN TO FILIBUSTER LAURIER DECIDES HIS TURN TO FILIBUSTER

BORDEN’S ATTORNEY GENERAL BORDEN’S ATTORNEY GENERAL ARTHUR MEIGHENARTHUR MEIGHEN WRITES NEW LAW CLOSUREWRITES NEW LAW CLOSURE

LAURIER DEMANDS SENATE REJECT BILL OR HE’D LAURIER DEMANDS SENATE REJECT BILL OR HE’D RESIGN. TRYING TO FORCE ELECTIONRESIGN. TRYING TO FORCE ELECTION

BORDEN DID NOT WANT ELECTION. RECESSION BORDEN DID NOT WANT ELECTION. RECESSION (RECIPROCITY WOULD HELP), HAD GOTTEN NOTHING (RECIPROCITY WOULD HELP), HAD GOTTEN NOTHING DONE IN TWO YEARS ETCDONE IN TWO YEARS ETC

THUS NO NAVY AND NO MONEY TO BRITAIN. HURTS THUS NO NAVY AND NO MONEY TO BRITAIN. HURTS IN WORLD WAR IIN WORLD WAR I

ONTARIO SCHOOLS’ QUESTION, REGULATION 17 ALSO ONTARIO SCHOOLS’ QUESTION, REGULATION 17 ALSO HURTING BORDEN (CANCEL FR INSTRUCTION AS TOO HURTING BORDEN (CANCEL FR INSTRUCTION AS TOO $)$)

1911-1914 RAILWAYS FLOUNDERING IN RECESSION. 1911-1914 RAILWAYS FLOUNDERING IN RECESSION. UNEMPLOYMENT SPREADINGUNEMPLOYMENT SPREADING

CONSERVATIVE GOV’T NOT POPULAR BY 1914. THEY CONSERVATIVE GOV’T NOT POPULAR BY 1914. THEY BLAMED LIBERAL OBSTRUCTIONIST TACTICS, BUT BLAMED LIBERAL OBSTRUCTIONIST TACTICS, BUT ELECTORATE WOULDN’T UNDERSTAND THATELECTORATE WOULDN’T UNDERSTAND THAT

1914 BORDEN TAKES LONG VACATION1914 BORDEN TAKES LONG VACATION

GOLFING HEARS OF ASSASSINATION OF GOLFING HEARS OF ASSASSINATION OF ARCHDUKE ARCHDUKE FRANZ FERDINAND AND HIS WIFE SOPHEFRANZ FERDINAND AND HIS WIFE SOPHE

DOESN'T NOT THINK IMPORTANT, BUT AS JULY AND DOESN'T NOT THINK IMPORTANT, BUT AS JULY AND AUGUST ROLL AROUND, CANADA PREPARES FOR AUGUST ROLL AROUND, CANADA PREPARES FOR WARWAR

BORDEN’S REIGN IS REALLY WWI. HAD THERE BEEN BORDEN’S REIGN IS REALLY WWI. HAD THERE BEEN NO WAR HE WOULD HAVE LOST IN 1915/1916. HIS NO WAR HE WOULD HAVE LOST IN 1915/1916. HIS CAREER SAVED BY WAR. CAREER SAVED BY WAR.

HIS STORY IS REALLY THE STORY OF WWI . HIS STORY IS REALLY THE STORY OF WWI .