RNP Simulation Procedure&Simulation Result Summary for WC&EC0315

7/27/2019 RNP Simulation Procedure&Simulation Result Summary for WC&EC0315

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/rnp-simulation-proceduresimulation-result-summary-for-wcec0315 1/82

RNP Processes & Simulation

Summary for Northern Part of UAE

15th March 2004



Contents

RNP Methodolody

RNP Procedure

RNP Parameter Setting

RNP Results Summary



Objectives of Radio Network Planning

RNP achieves balance among: Capacity: to support the predicted subscriber traffic with

sufficiently low blocking and delay

Coverage: to ensure the availability of the service in the

entire service area

Quality: tinking the capacity and the coverage and still

provide the required Gos/QoS

Costs: to enable an economical network implementation

and a controlled network expansion during the life cycleof the network



What is New in WCDMA

Multiservice environment

― Bit rates from 8 kbits/s to 2 Mbit/s and variable rate

― Quality classes

• Different QoS requirements

― Asymmetrical up and downlink traffic Air Interface

― Capacity and coverage coupled via interference margin

― Neighbor cells coupled via interference

―

Receiver performance depends on• bit rate

• environment

― Soft handover



What Is New in the RNP of WCDMA

WCDMA system is interference-limited.

Capacity vs. Coverage• Increasing system loading offers more capacity

while increasing intra-cell interference and thus

reduce coverage range (Application: Cell

breathing)

Capacity vs. Quality

• System capacity can be achieved by relaxing

quality requirement for some connections

(Application: Reduce BLER target value by

outer-loop power control)

Coverage vs. Quality

• Coverage range can be expanded by relaxingquality requirement for some connections

(Application: Slow down data speed by AMRC or

DCCC to accommodate large path loss)

Capacity

Quality Coverage

Interference

Dependency among

Capacity, Coverage and

Quality of WCDMA System



Planning Methodologies

There are basically two possible types of 3rd Generationplanning methods

― Static Calculation

• A deterministic algorithm is used to analyse the performance

of the network configured within the planning tool

• Repeating an analysis gives the same result ― Simulation

• Statistical processes and an iterative system status

calculation used to analyse the performance of the network

configured within the planning tool

• Repeating an analysis may give different resultsSome tools use a combination of methods or hybrid

methods



A statistical analysis of the network is used to derive designthresholds

In UMTS the following mechanisms must be accounted for:

Soft handover gain (typically ~5dB at the cell edge)

Interference Margins (both intra cell and inter cell)

Control and signalling overheads

Fading Margins (to achieve a given coverage probability)

Special technique margins(Adaptive antenna, Transmit

diversity, Mult User Detection…)

Static Calculation



Simulation

Simulation proved to be essential in

developing and deploying 3G Systems ― Link Level Simulation

• For physical layer algorithm development and performance evaluation

• Its output for hardware&ASIC implementation and for higher levelsimulations

• Tools: COSSAP, SPW

― System Level Simulation• For RRM algorithm development and RAN System

performance evaluation

• Its output for RRM Algorithm implementation and higher levelsimulation

• Tools: OpeNet

― Network Level Simulation

• For network volume prediction and network perfromanceevaluation

• analyse the performance of a ‘snapshot’ of the network

• Tools: Enterprise, Atoll



Simulation

There are two types of simulationsDynamic Simulations

― Simulate UEs moving through the network in successive

timeslots

― Link level & System level simulations belong to dynamic

simulationStatic Simulations

― Analyse the performance of a ‘snapshot’ of the network

― A snapshot is an instance in time, with UEs in statistically

determined places ― Network level simulations



Static Simulations

One or more snapshots of the network are taken

In each snapshot a mobile or terminal list is generated

Various failure mechanisms are typically considered maximum mobile power

maximum Node B power reached no available channels

low pilot Ec/Io

uplink/downlink interference

The performance of the network is then analysed from

the results of the snapshots carried out



Monte Carlo Simulations

Monte Carlo Simulation is a simulation Method in Noisy

Environment.

It relies upon a large number of statistically independent

snapshots The mean performance of the network over these

snapshots is then determined

The number of snapshots needed depends on the

performance to be simulated, the smaller the probability,

the more snapshots needed



Overview of Monte Carlo Simulation



Overview of Snapshot



Monte Carlo Simulation

1000 iteration

1

iteration100 iteration10 iteration

500 iteration 10000 iteration



Dynamic Simulations

Dynamic simulations look at mobiles moving through thenetwork

A mobile list is generated and solved for the first timeslot

The simulation may consider time to be split into:

Sample, chip periods: Link level simulation

bit periods: used for particular algorithm development

(Coding, Decoding)

timeslots (SNR considered): System level simulation

Successive timeslots are then simulated dependant upon

the results of the previous timeslot



Comparison of methods

Static Analysis StaticSimulation

DynamicSimulation

Accuracy Not very – particularlywith global margins

(IS-95 experience)

Reasonable – butdoesn’t deal with the

dynamic networkperformance

Probably quite high -assuming no bad

assumptions aremade to speed it up

Complexity Relativelystraightforward to useonce configured

More difficult toconfigure and morecomplicated results.

Difficult to judgeresults.

Time Taken Shortest – as ‘quick’as for GSM

Moderate –depending on number

of terminals and cells

Extremely long if multiple runs

performed for statistical validity



Contents

RNP Methodology

RNP Procedure


RNP Results Summary



Radio Network Planning Flowchart

Network Dimensioning

•Link Budget

•Capacity Analysis

•Simulation

•RNP ToolsNominal Planning

RF Engineering

Detailed Planning

Site Construction

Preparation Phase



Preparation Phase

In the preparation phase, prerequisites of

network planning are defined: ― Coverage & capacity objectives

― Selection of network planning strategies

• What Strategies

― Initial design and operation parameters

• Geographical information

• Forecast of service distribution & traffic density

• GoS/QoS requirements• Cell Parameters




Network dimensioning is carried out in the beginning of a

project. It results in:

― First and most rapid evaluation of the networkelements count and capacity of these elements.

― Offered traffic estimation.

―

Joint capacity-coverage estimation. Activities

― Link budget and coverage analysis

― Capacity estimation

― Estimation of the BS hardware and sites, RNCs andequipment at different interfaces. Estimation of Iur,Iub, Iu transmission capacities.

― Cell size estimation




System Constrains ― Spectrum available

― Target Area tocoverage

Traffic ― Traffic type

― Traffic model

― Traffic distribution

― Forecast of growth

GoS & QoS ― Coverage probability

― Blocking rate

― Delay & DelayVariance

Scale of network

― Number of sites

Site configuration ― Sectorisation

― Carrier number

Cost

―

Cost of Node B & RNC equipment

Input Output



Assumptions for Network Dimensioning

The planning area is covered with a hexagonal grid for each

morphology.

For roads, there is no hexagonal grid, takes into account cells face to

face. Usually the length of the roads is divided by twice the cell

range to find the required number of cells.

The cell range is defined for each morphology or for the roads by the

link budget of the limiting service in this morphology

The different morphologies generally considered are dense urban,

urban, suburban and rural.

No tuned propagation model available in this phase, the standard

propagation model of COST231-Hata is generally used.

The sites are not positioned, only a global number of sites is given.



Network Dimensioning-Coverage&Capacity Est.

Simple coverage estimation ― Link budgets are used to calculate maximal path losses.

― Path loss is converted into cell range for different environments.

― Cell ranges are used to estimate typical site coverage areas.

― Estimate the average site coverage area for each environment.

Simple capacity estimation ― Given an estimate of the traffic profile per subscriber we can

calculate the offered traffic per km 2 in each type of environment

― Given the capacity of a cell we can estimate the average sites in

each type of environment




Tools aided dimensioning



Dimensioning for UMTS

The coverage and capacity relationship in UMTS is very

closeTypically spreadsheet dimensioning tools for UMTS take a

combined iterative approach: The range of a cell is calculated from a link budget

containing an interference margin

The area covered by one cell is then calculated from therange

The traffic is then calculated from the area and subscriberdensity

The loading of the cell is then calculated from the captured

traffic And then the link budget is recalculated from the new

loading

The loop is repeated until convergence is reached




覆覆覆覆覆覆覆覆DU ??km^2U ?? km^2SU ??km^2RA ??km^2HW ??km

Geographical information

DU km

2

U km2

SU km2

RA km2

HW km

覆覆覆覆覆覆AdjustUL loading

Downwards

覆覆覆覆覆覆覆覆覆覆覆覆覆覆覆覆覆覆覆覆覆

UL cell range

with specificUL loading

Service-specific Information

Service Type, ProportionService Density

Service Forecast

覆覆覆覆覆覆覆覆下行负负

DL Loading

in specificcircumstances

覆覆覆Cell Range

Y

覆覆覆覆覆覆COST231-HATA,...

Propagation Model

COST231-HATA, ...

覆覆覆覆覆覆覆覆覆If the upper limitof configuration

be reached

Larger than (Capacity-limited) 覆覆覆覆Less than (Coverage-limited)

Shrink the Cell

Cell Loading vs.Maximum Allowable Value

NAdd the amount of configuration

(sectorization, carriers,...)

Equal to

SiteConfiguration

Cell Range

Number of Site



Nominal Planning

A nominal plan is initially a hypothetical wireless network

and a starting point for the cell rollout process.

Information of theoretical

sites is presented in the

nominal plan, including

following specifications: ― Site coordinates

― Antenna height above

ground: this specification

requires the knowledge

of the average clutter height in each

morphology

― Antenna azimuths and

tilts



Nominal Planning

Site location and cell configurations like azimuth and tilt of antenna are adjusted to fulfill the requirements oncoverage.



Nominal Planning

Constraints on nominal planning:

― Performance objectives

• The definition of the target zones

– Residential zones

– Business zones

– Mix business/residential zones

– Busy roads, avenues, highways – Harbor, Airport, other zones with high traffic

– Etc…

• For each target zone

– Priority & schedule for deployment

– Expected traffic and service distribution – Type of coverage per zone: outdoor, in car, indoor window, deep

indoor, etc…

– Type of service per zone: voice, 64 UDD U/L and D/L, etc…

– QoS



Nominal Planning

― Antenna Height, which is needed in the dimensioning phase andmust be refined for the pre-engineering

Note that the antenna height above ground are only given as example. They dependon the morphology and link budget.



RF Engineering

For each theoretical site, a physical site will be acquired inthis phase through following steps:

Probably best to use:

Static analysis for initial candidate shortlisting

Static Simulation over a small area for finalcandidate selection

Static Simulation over a large area for final validation

Define search areas

Site selection

Identify site options

Site acquisition



RF Engineering: Define search areas

― The sites in a nominal plan are only imaginary.

― To become a real network, physical sites are required. ― A suitable physical site must be found for each nominal

site. ― A suitable physical site must amongst other things:

Give adequate radio coverage.

Have connectivity into the transmission network.

Be aesthetically and politically acceptable to thelocal community.

Have power nearby, good access and a co-operativeowner.

― A survey of each nominal site is normally carried out toidentify possible site options which meet the abovecriteria.



RF Engineering-Define search areas

― Guidelines have to be given to the surveyor so the options giveappropriate radio coverage.

― The guideline is given in the form of a search area. Could be:

• Radius from the nominal site.

• One or more polygons following height contours.

Or



RF Engineering: Site selection

― Radio coverage and

interference ranking• Static analysis by the help

of RF tool or relevant

function in RNP tools

― Deployment ranking

• Site sharing• Room for equipment

• Power supply &

transmission line

• Etc …

― Nominate a preferredoption and possibly a

backup option.

A3rd

D1st

C2ndB - Unsuitable



RF Engineering: Site acquisition

― Run more than one site simultaneously. ― Negotiate with site owners.

― Prepare drawings.

― Draw up leases.

― Apply for planning permissions.

― As soon as one option is ready to proceed• Sign the lease

• Abandon the alternative

• Enter site into building program.



Detailed Planning

By approaching a practical operation environment for

radio network, more accuracy is achieved in thesimulation in this phase.

The process of detailed planning involves repeated static

analysis, static simulations by simulators based on:

―

Digital map ― Tuned propagation model

― Site coordinates and parameters

― Node B parameters

― Cell parameters

― Service & traffic distribution

― Call admission and radio resource managementalgorithms



Detailed Planning

The simulator consists of three basic parts:



Detailed Planning



Contents

RNP Methodology

RNP Procedure


RNP Results Summary



Parameter Classification

Quite a lot of parameters need to be set during

simulation

Classified into three types

Traffic&Service Parameters

Equipment (BS, UE) Parameters

Propagation Environment Parameters



Traffic&Service Parameters

Specified by Etisalat

Radio Access Bearers Supported

― UL(kbps): CS12.2, CS64, PS64

― DL(kbps): CS12.2, CS64, PS64, PS128, PS384

Composite service supported(UL,kbps/DL,kbps) ― CS(kbps):12.2/12.2k, 64/64

― PS(kbps):64/64, 64/128, 64/384

Each subscriber support all the service





Traffic Related Parameters

Parameter DL Erlang(Erl)

Gos Best Effort

Retransmission ratio 1%(5% suggested)

Service Peak to Average

Factor

1.4

Activity Factor 0.7

Relation between throughput and Traffic:

cgtor ActivityFa*rviceonRateofSeTransmissi*3600

ratioktoAverageTrafficPea*)sionRateRetransmis1(*8* +=Thouthput ubscriber ErlangPerS



Traffic per Subscriber

Service ActivityFactor

ULErlang(Erl)

DLErlang(Erl)

Voice 0.67 0.0500 0.0500

CS64 1 0.0055 0.0055

PS64/64 0.7 0.0021 0.0049

PS64/128 0.7 0.0042 0.0049

PS64/384 0.7 0.0063 0.0033



Traffic Density

Number of subscribers

― Total Number of Subscribers accommodated in network is

decided by number of sites, propagation condition, and

QOS requirements

― Active Subscribers determined by total Number of

Subscribers and the traffic of each subscriber

Subscriber distribution

― Subscribers distributed into polygons based on number of

sites;

― Distribution in one polygon dependent on clutter types



Traffic Density

In WCDMA, AMRC (Adaptive multi-Rate Control)for voice and DCCC( Dynamic Channel

Configuration Control) for packet service make

traffic modeling even more complex

― In the simulation, AMRC and DCCC notconsidered

Activity factor

―

While the subscriber is inactive during a call, lesspower is required and less interference is caused.

That is, the subscriber release some of resource.



Traffic Density :Total Number of Subscribers

City Number of Sites Total Number of Subscribers

Sharjah&Ajman 27 22000

UMM 2 2320

Ras al Khammah 7 7700

Al Fujeirah 5 5800



Traffic Density (Number of Active Subscribers)

City Voice CS 64 PS64/64 PS128/64 PS384/64

Shj&Ajm 1100 120 108 108 72

UMM 116 13 11 11 8

Ras alKhammah

385 42 38 38 25

Fujeirah 290 32 28 28 19

Number of Active subscribers derived from

total number of subscribers and the traffic of

each one, and is finally used in simulation



Traffic User Density among Clutters

Clutter type %in Building Weight Normalized weight

Blockbuildings 90 150 22.22

Openinurban 80 120 17.78

Residential 90 100 14.81

Denseurban 80 100 14.81

Meanurban 70 100 14.81Industrial 80 50 7.41

Village 70 10 1.48

Rural 70 10 1.48

Parks 0 10 1.48

Open 0 10 1.48

Sea 0 5 0.74

Inlandwater 0 5 0.74

Forest 0 5 0.74



BS&UE Parameters

UE Parameters related to performance are needed insimulation

UE is supposed to support all types of service predefined

BS parameters related performance are needeed in

simulation

BS hardware resources are considered in terms of channel

elements

System configuration will affect the performance, such as

diversity, Sectorisation, Power Control Mode.

Beside hardware resource, all parametersrelated to link loss budget in given capacitysituations.



UE Parameters

Terminal Voice Other Services

Max Mobile Power (dBm) 21 24

TX Dynamic Range (dB) 70 70

Required Pilot Ec/Io (dB) -15 -13

Power Ctl. Step Size (dB) 1 1

Antenna Gain (dBi) 0 0

Body Loss (dB) 3 0

Noise Figure (dB) 7 7

According to 3GPP TS 25.101, four classes of output power arespecified for UE: 21dBm; 24dBm; 27dBm; 33dBm

Required Pilot Ec/Io is different among bearers



BS Hardware Resource

NodeB in 3-sector configuration is applied in simulation

Max Number of Primary

Channels384 for three sectors

Number of ChannelElements

307 for three sectors

Max Number of

Handover ChannelElements

77 for three sectors

Max Power per User (dBm)

33 for voice and 36 forother service



Cell Parameters

UTMS CELL Parameters Noise Rise Limit (dB) 6

Orthogonality factor 0.55

Pilot Power (dBm) 33

Max TX Power (dBm) 43

Pri Cmn Channel Power (dBm) 31

Sec Cmn Channel Power (dBm) 31

Pri Sync Channel Power (dBm) 28

Sec Sync Channel Power (dBm) 28

Soft Handover Window (dB) 5

Noise Figure 3

Active set size 3



Demodulation Performance

Bearers Qos(BLER) UL Eb/No DL Eb/No

CS12.2k 1% 2.85 7.16

CS 64k 0.2% 1.2 4.36

PS 64k 5% 0.84 4.08

PS 128k 5% 0.14 3.48

PS 384k 5% 0.02 4.3



Antenna Parameters

Sectorization: 3-sector configuration

Four types of antenna used in northern part

Antenna Gain(dB)

Horizontal BeamWidth

Vertical BeamWidth

GB 5162100 16 66.5 5.5

GB 5165100 17 64.5 6.5

TG D3 16.8 65.5 5

MG D3 15.8 61 5.5



Diversity

Diversity mode

― Uplink receive diversity used in simulation

• two-antenna Diversity

• Rake Receiver & maximum Ratio Combining

• Macro Diversity

―

Downlink receive diversity used in simulation• Rake Receiver & maximum Ratio Combining

• Macro Diversity

― Transmit diversity: not used in simulation

• TSTD (Time Switched Transmit Diversity)

• STTD (Space time Transmit Diversity)• Closedloop transmit diversity



TMA&Cable

Tower mounted amplifier (TMA) not used in simulation

― TMA can compensate for cable loss in uplink, thus improveuplink coverage

― TMA causes attenuation to Downlink transmit Power, thus

decrease downlink coverage and capacity.

― Nominal Insertion loss is 0.5dB, connector loss is 0.2dB;

Nominal gain is 12dB.

Cable

― 7/8 inch type is assumed in simulation

― Nominal loss : 6dB/100meters

― Length: Site height+5meters TMA only suitable touplink coverage limitedsituation

i f i



Propagation: Morphology Information

― Generally, there are 5 types of planning area:

• Dense Urban• Urban

• Suburban

• Rural Area

• Highway

― The type of area impacts:• Mean penetration loss

• Standard deviation of slow fading

• path loss

― Propagation properties should be modeled for simulation, or

the typical models can be used.



Channel model

― The channel model defines the number of signal

path, relative path losses and delay variances toabstract the wireless channel.

― According to specifications of 3GPP R4

TR25.943 V4.0.0, typical channel models are

used as followings:• Static: no multipath (line-of-sight)

• TU3: typical urban area, pedestrian, 3km/h

• TU50: typical urban area, vehicle, 50km/h

• TU120: typical urban area, vehicle, 120km/h

• RA120: rural area, vehicle, 120km/h

• RA250: rural area, vehicle, 250km/h

• HT120: hilly terrain, vehicle, 120km/h

Ch l d l (Ct )



Channel model (Ctn.)

―

Values of parameters varies with the channel inthe wireless environment. The variances are

acquired generally by the link simulation.Link performance: required Eb/No in both ends

of the channel

Downlink interference margin: due to thevariance of orthogonal factor in differentchannel environments

Fast fading margin (Power control headroom):due to different link performance

Soft handover gain over fast fading margin: dueto different link performance

S i f Li k B d t



Scenario of Link Budget

负 Receiver Sensitivity

负 PDCH_Max

负 Minimum Required Signal

Strength

负 EiRP

负 PUE_Max

• Slow Fading Margin• Penetration Loss

TX RX

Duplexer

Antenna

UE

PL_DL

PL_UL

• Body Loss• Interference Margin• Fast Fading Margin• Margin for BackgroundNoise

TX RX

Duplexer

Cable

Antenna

Node B

• Interference Margin• Fast Fading Margin• Margin forBackground Noise

Soft HandoverArea

• SHO Gain

P ti M d l COST231 H t



Propagation Model :COST231-Hata

[ ] mb

mb

C d H H a H f d Lu

+−+

−−+=

)log(*)log(*55.69.44)()log(82.13)log(*9.333.46)(

[ ] [ ]8.0)log(*56.1*]7.0)log(*1.1)( −−−= f H f H a mm

3=mC

0=mC For Medium sized city and suburban centers with

moderate tree density

For metropolitan centers

Frequency f 1500-2000MHz

Base Station Height Hb 30-200mMobile Height Hm 1-10m

Distance d 1-20km

COST231-Hata

model applied tolarge and smallcells in urban areas

P ti M d l A t St d d M M d l



Propagation Model: Asset Standard Macro Model

Asset Standard Macro Model is the general type of COST-231-Hata for calibration

clutter

diff

eff

eff

ms

ms

L

L K

d H K

H K

H K

H K

d K

K d Lp

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

=

*7

)log(*)log(*6

)log(*5

)log(*4

*3

)log(*2

1)(

C i W (CW) M t



Carrier Wave (CW) Measurements

CW measurements are accurateradio measurements used to

calibrate propagation models.

A number of temporary test sites

are used for the test

transmissions.Signal strength measurements

and GPS fixes are made along

predefined routes.

These measurements must be

averaged before they can beused for model calibration.

GPS

CW T t Sit



CW Test Sites

A typical network would require 4 different propagation modelseg. ― Dense Urban ― Urban ― Suburban ― Rural

The test sites used for propagation modeling should: ― Be representative of typical cellular sites. ― Should be free of obstacles.

Sufficient measurements must be made in each clutter type for the model to be valid.Typically the distances driven for each site would be in the order

of ― 80km per urban test site. ― 160km per rural test site.

CW Meas rement



CW Measurement

Carrier wave measurements aremade from test transmitters.

The measurements are plotted

vs. log(distance).

A straight line is fitted through

the data. A basic y=mx +c formula can be

used to estimate path loss.

The formula can be modified to

account for other factors eg. Tx

height, Rx height & terraineffects.

Plot of measurements vs. log(distance)

Referent Model: Cost231 Hata at 2GHz



Referent Model: Cost231-Hata at 2GHz

Model K1 K2 K3 K4 K5 K6 K7

DenseUrban

165.55 44.90 -2.93 0 -13.82 -6.55 0

Urban 162.55 44.90 -2.93 0 -13.82 -6.55 0

Suburban 150.28 44.90 -2.93 0 -13.82 -6.55 0

Rural(Quasi-open)

135.04 44.90 -2.93 0 -13.82 -6.55 0

Rural(open)

130.04 44.90 -2.93 0 -13.82 -6.55 0

Correction factors given in Okumura-HataModel are used for Suburban and Rural

Contents



Contents

RNP Methodology

RNP Procedure


RNP Results Summary

Coverage & Capacity Objectives



Coverage & Capacity Objectives

Coverage Area: Totally 254.16 Sq. Km. 2 sites in

East Coast not considered

覆 Sharjah Ajman UMM Ras Khammah Fujeirah

Number of

sites 22 5 2 7 5

Dense Urban 11.24 3.62 0 0 0

Urban 91.02 24.38 16.42 71.05 36.43

Total (sq.km.) 102.26 28 16.42 71.05 36.43

Coverage Reliability: Area Coverage Probability no less than95% for voice service

Coverage & Capacity Objectives (ctn)



Coverage & Capacity Objectives (ctn)

Traffic density: Active Users for each

Service determined by number of sites

City Voice CS 64 PS64/64PS128/6

4PS384/6

4

Shj&Ajm 1100 120 108 108 72

UMM 116 13 11 11 8

Ras alKhammah

385 42 38 38 25

Fujeirah 290 32 28 28 19

Examples of User Distribution



Examples of User Distribution

Propagation Model: Tuned Results



Propagation Model: Tuned Results

Model K1 K2 K3 K4 K5 K6 K7

DenseUrban(Shj)

151.84

59.90 -2.93 0 -13.82 -6.55 0

DenseUrban(Ajm)

148.84

59.90 -2.93 0 -13.82 -6.55 0

Urban 139.74

53.11 -2.93 0 -13.82 -6.55 0

Suburban132.9

153.64 -2.93 0 -13.82 -6.55 0

Rural126.0

048.75 -2.93 0 -13.82 -6.55 0

Korfukan144.3

154.92 -2.93 0 -13.82 -6.55 0

Model for Korfukan is inaccurate due to out-of-date digitalmap

Propagation Model: Comparson



Propagation Model: Comparson

ModelTuned Cost 231-Hata

K1 K2 K3 K4

DenseUrban

151.84

59.90 165.55 44.90

Urban139.7

453.11 162.55 44.90

Suburban132.9

1 53.64 150.28 44.90

Rural126.0

048.75 130.04 44.90

Constant values of K1 are less than that of standard model,

caused mainly by Clutter definations Slope values of K2 are larger than that of standard model.

Similar conclusions in other districts.

Clutter Offset



Clutter Offset

Clutter TypeOffset(dB)

Open 0

Sea -1

Inlandwater -1meanUrban 0

Forest 15

BlockBuilding 7

rural -0.9

Composite Simulation Results



Composite Simulation Results

CoverageProbability

CS 12/12kbps

CS 64/64kbps

PS 64/64kbps

PS 64/128kbps

PS 64/384kbps

Shj&Ajm 92.59% 87.35% 82.4% 67.83% 36.53%

UMM 95.24% 92.05% 85.30% 66.36% 34.72%

Ras alKhammah

95.68% 88.98% 83.28% 67.36% 38.51%

Fujeirah 93.93% 88.63% 76.82% 65.29% 30.99%

Simulation Results-12 2k Coverage Probability



Simulation Results-12.2k Coverage Probability

Simulation Result Analysis



Simulation Result Analysis

Coverage Probability near target value of 95% for 12.2K Service.

UMM contains 2 sites, less interference to

each other, hence get good performance.

Put less users per site in Ras al Khammah

than in UMM, performance is acceptable.

Due to propagation condition, network in

Shj&Ajm accommodates less users per site.

Engineering Parameter Optimization



Engineering Parameter Optimization

Azimuth and tilt are key parameters to determine the

intercell interference, coverage, and hence capacity The optimal Tilts related to Ant. Height and cell radius.

The optimization of azimuths and Tilts: Best Pilot Strength

in Serving area;

In suburban, rural and the boundary of network, coverage

capability needs to be considered.

Optimization of azimuth needs to consider Operator's

experience and knowledge: traffic distribution and nearby

obstacles

Please refer simulationdocuments for detailedadjustments

Simulation Results after Adjustment



Simulation Results after Adjustment

CoverageProbability

CS 12/12kbps

CS 64/64kbps

PS 64/64kbps

PS 64/128kbps

PS 64/384kbps

Shj&Ajm95.59%

91.69% 88.61% 76.42% 44.89%

UMM 95.24% 92.05% 85.30% 66.36% 34.72%

Ras alKhammah

95.68% 88.98% 83.28% 67.36% 38.51%

Fujeirah 93.93% 88.63% 76.82% 65.29% 30.99%

Improvement through Adjustment



Improvement through Adjustment

CoverageProbability

CS 12/12kbps

CS 64/64kbps

PS 64/64kbps

PS 64/128kbps

PS 64/384kbps

Shj&Ajm 3.00% 4.34% 6.21% 8.59% 8.36%

UMM 2.16% 5.14% 9.76% 16.93% 11.47%

Ras alKhammah

2.17% 0.32% 2.57% 6.55% 5.78%

Fujeirah 1.97% 0.97% 7.23% 11.24% 10.59%

Further Considering



Further Considering

Downtilts affect coverage, capacity, handover region and

pilot pollution, so downtilt adjustments are stronglyrecommended.

Polygon definition affects azimuth adjustment. Coverage

should be considered in initial stage. The suggestion can

only be taken as a reference.

Sites with big antenna height are expected to adjust with

priority.

Omni-sites need to be replaced in time, because they

severely interfere neighbors.

The engineering parameters are expected to keep up-to-date during adjustment

RNP simulation can only model the real network to someaccuracy, detail suggestions will be available after firstround radio network optimization



Documents

RNP Simulation Procedure&Simulation Result Summary for WC&EC0315