RNA

Transcription, Translation and Protein Synthesis

RNA

OO=P-O O

Phosphate Group

N

Nitrogenous base (A, U , G, C )CH2

O

C1C4

C3 C2

5

Sugar (ribose)

RNA

• Function: obtain information from DNA & synthesizes proteins

3 differences from DNA

1. Single strand instead of double strand

2. Ribose instead of deoxyribose

3. Uracil instead of thymine

3 types of RNA

1. Messenger RNA (mRNA)- copies information from DNA for protein synthesis

Codon- 3 base pairs thatcode for a single aminoacid.

codon

3 types of RNA

2. Transfer RNA (tRNA)- collects amino acids for protein synthesis

Anticodon-a sequence of 3 bases that are complementary base pairs to a codon in the mRNA

3 types of RNA

3. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)- combines with proteins to form ribosomes

Amino Acids

• Amino acids- the building blocks of protein

• At least one kind of tRNA is present for each of the 20 amino acids used in protein synthesis.

Transcription - mRNA is made from DNA & goes to the ribosomeTranslation - Proteins are made from the message on the mRNA

Transcription

• In order for cells to make proteins, the DNA code must be transcribed (copied) to mRNA.

• The mRNA carries the code from the nucleus to the ribosomes.

Translation

• At the ribosome, amino acids (AA) are linked together to form specific proteins.

• The amino acid sequence is directed by the mRNA molecule.

ribosome

Amino acids

Make A Protein

• DNA sequenceATG AAA AAC AAG GTA TAG

• mRNA sequence

UAC UUU UUG UUC CAU AUC

Make mRNA

• mRNA sequenceUAC UUU UUG UUC CAU AUC

• tRNA sequenceAUG AAA AAC AAG GUA UAG

Make mRNA

• tRNA sequenceAUG AAA AAC AAG GUA UAG

• Amino Acid sequence

met lys asn lys val stop