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RJ45 Straight-through and Cross-over Cabling standards

By Jakes on Apr 08, 2011 with Comments 0

The information listed here is to assist Network Administrators in the color coding of Ethernet cables. RJ-45 conductor data cable

contains 4 pairs of wires each consists of a solid colored wire and a strip of the same color. There are two wiring standards for RJ-45wiring: T-568A and T-568B. Although there are 4 pairs of wires, 10BaseT/100BaseT Ethernet uses only 2 pairs: Orange and Green.

The other two colors (blue and brown) may be used for a second Ethernet line or for phone connections. The two wiring standardsare used to create a cross-over cable (T-568A on one end, and T-568B on the other end), or a straight-through cable (T-

568B or T-568A on both ends). Please be aware that modifying Ethernet cables improperly may cause loss of network connectivity.

Straight-Trough Cable:

To create a straight-through cable, you have to wire T-568A or T-568B on both ends of the cable.

The TIA/EIA 568-A standard which was ratified in 1995, was replaced by the TIA/EIA 568-B standard in 2002 and has been updated

since. Both standards define the T-568A and T-568B pin-outs for using Unshielded Twisted Pair cable and RJ-45 connectors for

Ethernet connectivity. The standards and pin-out specification appear to be related and interchangeable, but are not the same and shouldnot be used interchangeably. Both the T-568A and the T-568B standard Straight-Through cables are used most often as patch cords

for your Ethernet connections.

The straight-through cables are used when connecting Data Terminating Equipment (DTE) to Data Communications Equipment (DCE),

such as computers and routers to modems (gateways) or hubs (Ethernet Switches). The cross-over cables are used when connectingDTE to DTE, or DCE to DCE equipment; such as computer to computer, computer to router; or gateway to hub connections. The DTE

equipment terminates the signal, while DCE equipment do not.

Cross-over Cable:

To create a cross-over cable, you have to wire T-568A on one end and T-568B on the other end of the cable.

To connect two computers without a hub, a cross-over cable is used. Cross-over cable is also used to connect a router to a computer,

or ethernet switch (hub) to another ethernet switch without an uplink. Most ethernet switches today provide an uplink port, which

prevents a use of cross-over cable to daisy chain another ethernet switch. Straight-through cables are used to connect a computer to anethernet switch, or a router to an ethernet switch.

RJ45 Pin Number Designations:There are pin number designations for each color in T-568B and T-568A.

T-568B T-568A

-------------------------- ------------------------

Pin Color Pin Name Color Pin Name

--- ------------- -------- ------------- --------

1 Orange Stripe Tx+ Green Stripe Rx+

2 Orange Tx- Green Rx-

3 Green Stripe Rx+ Orange Stripe Tx+

4 Blue Not Used Blue Not Used

5 Blue Stripe Not Used Blue Stripe Not Used

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6 Green Rx- Orange Tx-

7 Brown Stripe Not Used Brown Stripe Not Used

8 Brown Not Used Brown Not Used

RJ45 Color-Coded Scheme:

RJ45 cables have 8 color-coded wires, and the plugs have 8 pins and conductors. Eight wires are used as 4 pairs, each representingpositive and negative polarity. The most commonly used wiring standard for 100baseT is T-586B stanrard described above. Prior to

EIA 568A and 568B standards, the color-coded scheme was used to wire RJ45 cables. The table below depicts pin and color schemes

used in traditional and standardized setup.

Pin Colored Scheme T-568B (Common) T-568A

1 Blue Orange Stripe Green Stripe

2 Orange Orange Green

3 Black Green Stripe Orange Stripe

4 Red Blue Blue5 Green Blue Stripe Blue Stripe

6 Yellow Green Orange

7 Brown Brown Stripe Brown Stripe

8 White (or Grey) Brown Brown

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Tags: Ethernet • RJ45

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