Upload
ashlyn-rich
View
215
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Rise of Islam
Do Now (U5D7)January 9, 2014
Complete the Do Now and answer the associated question.
Homework: Complete the Chapter 11, Section 1 homework, which you picked up on your way into class
Pivotal Question 1: How did the geographic setting of the Arabian peninsula set the stage for the rise of the Prophet Muhammad?
Arabian Peninsula
Geographic Setting Arabian peninsula is mostly desert
Farming is possible through irrigation or in scattered oases
Oasis is fertile area watered by a natural well or spring
600s and 700s Arab clans occupied Arabia
Nomadic herders called Bedouins
Traveled looking for grazing lands
Bedouins traded with Arabs in oasis towns, one of those towns was called Mecca
Bedouin
Role of Mecca
Mecca: bustling market town
Centrally located on two caravan routes
Pilgrimage center Arabs prayed at the
Kaaba
Ancient Shrine that Muslims today believe was built by the prophet Abraham
In Muhammad’s time, Kaaba housed statues of many local gods and goddesses
Kaaba
The Kaaba Today
Pivotal Question 2
Pivotal Question 2: How did the Prophet Muhammad influence the development of Islam?
Muhammad’s Vision Muhammad was born in
Mecca (circa 570 AD)
Became a successful merchant through caravan trade
Married Khadija, a wealthy widow caravan trader
At 40, Muhammad was troubled by idol worship and ills of society
He went to a desert cave to meditate
Submission While in the cave:
Muhammad heard the voice of the Angel Gabriel calling
Calling him to be a messenger of God
Muhammad was terrified, but his wife, Khadija, encouraged him to accept the call, and became the first convert
Islam means “submission”
Muhammad spend the rest of his life converting people to Islam, and worship Allah, which is Arabic for God
The Hijra: A Turning Point At first, few people listened to Muhammad
Angered Meccan merchants, who believed neglecting idols would disrupt trade
In 622, faced with threats of murder, Muhammad left Mecca for Yathrib, later named Medina, “City of the Prophet”
622 is the first year in the Muslim calendar
Hijra: Mecca to Medina
The Hijra: A Turning Point In Medina, Muhammad was welcomed
As a ruler and lawgiver
From Medina, Muslims launched attacks on Meccan caravans and defeated Mecca in battle
In 630, Muhammad returned to Mecca in triumph, where he destroyed the idols in the Kaaba
In 632, Muhammad died But, his religion continued to expand
Pivotal Question 3
What are the main teachings of Islam?