Rise of DictatorsStalin, Mussolini, and Stalin, Mussolini, and

HitlerHitler(Domination, Conquer, and supreme ruling of

Europe 1939-1955)

Introduction

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ezao4SaB_94

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QtlyQ0m7nns&feature=related

With partners• You will have fifteen minutes• Complete the chart on the board• Write facts down in the chart about

the following dictators:•Mussolini•Stalin•Hitler •NEED 5-10 facts/pieces of information per leader

How did these Dictators rise to such great power?

1. Ending of WWI allowed for hatred, revenge, and condition of countries due to Treaty of Versailles

2. Leaders have new tactics: Complete control of their peoples’ minds and hearts by using mass PROPAGANDAPROPAGANDA (one-sided information)

3. New advanced technology (High speed communication avenues, weapons, fear)

4. New governments: Single leader/party to rule and decide for the people: Wipe out opposition! (Totalitarian state)(Totalitarian state)

Mussolini• Leader in Italy• Creator of the first FACISTFACIST state

(Glorification of the state!: Glory to extreme. People controlled by the government

• Gained by state of Italy after WWI (Inflation, depression, unemployment, division: did not want communism)

• Used Violence, suppressed opposition

Mussolini Con’t• People flocked to his ideas: needed

change, wanted change, will listen to anyone!

• Created Secret Police: OVRA• Controlled mass media (Films, Radio,

newspapers)• “MUSSOLINI IS ALWAYS RIGHT!” slogan• Used organizations to control people

(Youth) Women= makers of the state• Controlled everything! (Religion, social,

political, economical, etc.)

Stalin• Leader of Soviet Union (Once Russia)• Upset about the leadership of Lenin,

wanted change• Droughts, end of WWI, civil war

allowed Stalin to gain power• Gained his power through his rise in

ranks of government: by 1929 had complete power (Murdered opponent: Trotsky)

Stalin Con’t • 5 year plan5 year plan: Transform Russia from a Agricultural Society to an Industrial one overnight• Productions of heavy machines, etc.• Quadrupled the production of heavy machinery• Doubled the oil production• 1929-1937: Steel increased 4 million-18 million

tons per year• Number of workers increased between 1932-

1940• Wages declined• Poor conditions (living and working)• Strict laws (workers forced to live in certain

areas to complete certain jobs) PROPAGANDA!!!!!!!PROPAGANDA!!!!!!!

• Collectivization=govern’t owned all land!

Costs to Stalin’s 5 years-plan

• Didn’t create just one: but many• Famine• 10 million peasants died 1932-1933• Strengthen own power• Created secret police: KGB • Great Purge: eliminate opposition • Family centered of Russian through

Propaganda• Millions arrested, executed, sent away to

Siberia (Familiar Place)

Read aloud Speech

Hitler: Mastermind and Genius • Leader of Germany

• Believed political parties could control the mass of people through PropagandaPropaganda and Mass terror

• Belonged to the Nazi party• Strong feelings in racism and Anti-

Semitism• Jailed for protesting in 1929• While in Jail wrote: Mein Kampf: “My

struggle”

Mein Kampf• Theory of Social Darwinism :

Strongest and more fittest shall rule and survive

• Superior nations shall exist through expansion and take over other less equal and deserving

• Nazi’s needed to take over “non-violently” and legally at first

• Get the people to believe and follow

Mein Kampf Handout • Read by yourself

• Highlight 4 key ideas that Hitler has about propaganda (There may be more than 4, but you just need 4)

• Answer the questions

Hitler and power of speech• Gave the people something to believe in• NATIONAL PRIDE, HONOR, and TRADITIONAL

MILITARISM slogans• People follow leadership and well-spoken

individuals: Promise and follow-through• Became Chancellor in 1933• Later became known as the “Furher”• Began to Purge/eliminate Jews from the state• Creation of the Aryan Race (Perfect Race)• Create the Third ReichThird Reich (Empire of pure German

descendents)• Used PROPAGANDA!!!

Hitler’s first speech

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uAUPt9SX2qk&feature=related

Quote:“THE BROAD MASS OF A NATION…WILL MORE EASILY FALL VICTIM TO A BIG LIE THAN TO A SMALL ONE.”

-Adolf Hitler What does this quote mean?

Hitler Con’t• Created the SS (Secret Police) GESTOPO• Heinrich Himmler leader of SS• Nuremburg Laws(1935): Beginning of the

Holocaust.• Excluded Jews from German Citizenship• Had to wear the Star of David(Labeling who is

a Jew and who is not)• Carry identification cards • Kristallnacht: “Night of Broken glass”

destroyed all Jewish Synagogues and places of worship and Businesses

• 100 Jews were killed and 30,000 Jewish males rounded up and sent to Concentration camps

Reading on Kristalnacht

Hitler Con’t• After Kristallnacht: Jews forbad to use

all public transportation, use of schools, hospitals, etc.

• Could not own/manage/work in retail stores

• Had to clean own mess from Kristallnacht

• Encouraged to “Emigrate fro Germany”

US Clip: Pathway to war

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QtlyQ0m7nns&feature=related

Assignment:• Read Chapter 19: Section 1

•Pathway to War•Take notes by creating a series of boxes that show a path way to how WWII to began

•See handout (Much like the Napoleon Handout)