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RILIS developments and activities during LS1
Presented to
Standing group for the upgrade of the ISOLDE facility
January 28, 2013
By V. Fedosseev
1 The pump laser upgrade1: Change from copper vapour laser (CVL) to commercial Nd:YAG laser Aim: Maintain or improve the dye laser performance whilst increasing the reliability of the overall system.
2 The dye laser upgrade: 3 New state of the art dye lasers to replace the original dye lasers Aim: Improve the dye laser performance, ease of use and reliability, make full use of the capabilities of the new pump laser.
3 Install an independent and complementary Ti:Sa based RILIS laser setup2,3 : 2 pump lasers and 3 Ti:Sa lasers plus harmonic generation units Aim: Extend the tuning range of the RILIS setup to enable access to the large number of ionization schemes developed for Ti:Sa lasers. Reduce switching time between elements to allow for more condensed scheduling of RILIS runs.
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
1 The ISOLDE RILIS pump laser upgrade and the LARIS Laboratory B. Marsh et al: Hyperfine Interactions, Volume 196, Issue 1-3, pp. 129-
141 (2010)
2 A complementary laser system for ISOLDE RILIS S Rothe et al: Journal of Physics: Conference Series 312 (2011) 052020
3 Upgrade of the RILIS at ISOLDE: New lasers and new ion beams V. Fedosseev et al: Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02A903 (2012)
The 3 stages of RILIS Upgrade
Dual RILIS Concept
RILIS Dye Laser System GPS/HRS
Target & Ion Source
l – meter Dye 2 SHG
Narrowband Dye
THG Dye 1
Nd:YAG
10 kHz Master clock
RILIS Dye Laser System GPS/HRS
Target & Ion Source
RILIS Ti:Sa Laser System
pA – meter
Faraday cup…
SHG/THG/FHG
l – meter
Ti:Sa 2
l – meter Dye 2 SHG
Narrowband Dye
THG Dye 1
Ti:Sa 1
Ti:Sa 3
Nd:YAG
Nd:YAG
10 kHz Master clock
Delay generator
LabVIEW based DAQ
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Po
we
r, m
W
Wavelength, nm
TiSa FHGDye THGUV-pumped Dye SHGDye SHGTiSa THGTiSa SHGUV-pumped Dye Fundamental
No-gap tuning in the range 205 – 940 nm
Double RILIS tuning curves
90 W Nd:YAG laser is available for non-resonant ionization in
Ti:Sa only schemes
Mixed schemes dye and Ti:Sa are exchangeable
Highest efficiencies New elements
Backup solution
Reduction in down time
Keep one dye set up for future, use Ti:Sa instead
New modes of operation – The Dual RILIS
Prerequisite for dual operation: Temporal synchronization pulses of the two laser systems
Unique for laser ion sources
Dye laser schemes Ti:Sa schemes
Element
Setting time*
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3
Efficiency
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3
days l1, nm Dye l2, nm Dye/YAG l3, nm Dye/YAG off-line l1, nm Fundamental l2, nm Fundamental l3, nm TiSa/YAG
4Be 3
234.9 Pyridin 1 297.3 Rhod B – >7%
234.9 939.444
12Mg
2
285.2 Rhod 6G 552.8 Fluorescein 27 532.1 YAG
10%
285.2 855.639 552.8 532.1 YAG
13Al
2
309.3 Rhod B 532.1 YAG – 20%
309.3 532.1 –
308.2 Rhod B
308.2
20Ca 2
272.2 ? 532.1 YAG – 0.50%
422.7 845.346 Rhod B DCM
21Sc 2
327.4 Phenox 9 719.8 Pyridin 2 ? 532.1 YAG 15%
327.4 719.8 532.1 YAG
25Mn 3
279.8 Rhod 6G 628.3 DCM 635.8 DCM 19%
279.8 628.3 635.8
27Co
2
304.4 Rhod B 544.5 Fluorescein 27 532.1 YAG
>3.8%
304.4 544.5 532.1 YAG
28Ni 3
305.1 Rhod B 611.1 Rhod B 748.2 Styr 8 >6%
Dye Dye 748.2 TiSA
29Cu 2
327.4 Phenox 9 287.9 Rhod 6G – >7%
327.4 287.9 –
30Zn 3
213.9 DCM 636.2 DCM 532.1 YAG 4.90%
213.9 855.428 636.2 Dye 532.1 YAG
31Ga
2
287.4 Rhod 6G 532.1 YAG – 21%
287.4 532.1 –
294.4 Pyrr 597
294.4
39Y 2
414.3 Styr 9 662.4 Phenox 9 510.6 YAG
414.3 662.4 510.6 YAG
47Ag
2
328.1 Phenox 9 546.6 Fluorescein 27 532.1 YAG
14%
328.1 546.6 532.1 YAG
48Cd 3
228.8 Pyridin 1 643.8 DCM 532.1 YAG 10.40%
228.8 915.208 643.8 Dye 532.1 YAG
49In
2
303.9 Rhod B 532.1 YAG –
303.9 532.1 –
325.6 Phenox 9
325.6
50Sn 4
286.3 Rhod 6G 811.4 Styr 9 823.5 Styr 9 9%
286.3 858.9 811.4 TiSA 823.5 TiSA
51Sb 3
217.6 Phenox 9 560.2 Rhod 6G 532.1 YAG 2.70%
217.6 560.2 532.1 YAG
60Nd
2
588.8 Rhod B or Pyrr
597
596.9 Rhod B 596.9
588.8 596.9 596.9
62Sm 3
600.4 Rhod B 675.2 Phenox 9 676.18 Phenox 9
600.4 675.2 676.18
65Tb
3
579.6 Pyrr 597 551.7 Fluorescein 27 618.3 Rhod B
579.6 551.7 618.3
66Dy 2
625.9 DCM 607.5 Rhod B 532.1 YAG 20%
625.9 607.5 532.1 YAG
70Yb 2
555.6 Pyrr 567 581.0 Rhod 6G 581.0 Rhod 6G 15%
555.6 581.0 581.0
71Lu
573.7 Rhod 6G 642.5 DCM 643.5 DCM
451.9 903.8 460.7 921.4
79Au
5
267.6 Coum 540A 306.5 DCM 673.9 Phenox 9
>3%
267.6 306.5 673.9
80Hg 3
253.7 Styr 8 313.2 DCM 626 DCM
253.7 313.2 626
81Tl 2
276.8 Rhod 110 532.1 YAG – 27%
276.8 532.1 –
82Pb 2
283.3 Rhod 6G 600.2 Rhod B 532.1 YAG >3%
283.3 600.2 532.1 YAG
83Bi
2
306.8 Rhod B 555.2 Fluorescein 27 532.1 YAG
6%
306.8 555.2 532.1 YAG
84Po 4
255.8 Styr 8 843.4 Styr 9 532.1 YAG
255.8 767.403 843.4 TiSA 532.1 YAG
85At 4
216.9 Phenox 9 795.4 Styr 9 532.1 YAG
216.9 867.6 795.4 TiSA 532.1 YAG
224.4 Phenox 9 793.2 ? Styr 9 532.1 YAG
224.4 897.6 793.2 ? TiSA 532.1 YAG
RILIS setup requirements
Ca
Ca
Cd
Cd
Cd Ca
Ca
Be
Be
Mg Mg
Po
Po At
At
Au Zn
Zn
Cu Mn
Mn
Be
Sm
At Au Sm
Sm
Be
Be
Dy
Dy
Mg Mg
Po
Ag
ISOLDE RILIS SCHEDULE 2012
RILIS runs in 2012
Sm
At Au Sm
Sm
Be
Be
Dy
Dy
Mg Mg
Po
Ag
Ca
Ca
Cd
Cd
Cd Ca
Ca
Be
Be
Mg Mg
Po
Po At
At
Au Zn
Zn
Cu Mn
Mn
Be
RILIS highlights 2012
8
Ion beams of 13 elements produced with Dual-RILIS at ISOLDE
Laser Ion Source and Trap: LIST
Suppression of Fr isobars for study Po-217
Sm Ca Cd At Au Be Dy Mg Po Ag Zn Cu Mn
Development of narrow-band Ti:Sa laser - used for high resolution studies of Po, At, Fr, and Au isotopes
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
12452.6 12452.8 12453.0 12453.2 12453.4
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
10 GHz line width
1 GHz line width
197Au
ion s
ignal (a
.u.)
wavenumber (cm-1)
3060 hours of RILIS operation = 319 on-line shifts
RILIS/LARIS projects for LS1
• Installation of a reference cell at RILIS • Improved motorization of Narrow-band TiSa • Ionization of refractory metals
- Study of laser ionization in VADIS cavity
• New and improved RILIS schemes for the Dual RILIS system - According to requests from ISLODE users: Ba, Te, Cr, Er, …
SPECTROSCOPY and IONIZATION SCHEMES
• Extension of RILIS cabin - Enlarged entrance/storage and work area to maximize the useable laser laboratory space
• A dedicated, high power Nd:YVO laser for non resonant ionization - High beam quality industrial laser could significantly improve efficiency for many schemes.
GENERAL RILIS DEVELOPMENTS
• RILIS machine protection system - Installation of a machine protection and monitoring system to reduce reliance on shift-based operation
• Space stabilization of laser beams - Upgrade of existing commercial system to enable active stabilization of 3 beams and UV beams
• GPS laser beam launch - Replacement of prisms by high-reflectivity dielectric mirrors will reduce the losses of laser power in the
beam transport to GPS mass separator
• HRS laser window - Extension tube for window mounting outside the 90o magnet will enable monitoring of window quality
during operation and simplify its replacement
RILIS room extension
254 cm
32
0 c
m
28 m2
6 m2
REX EBIS platform
IS COOLER
100 cm
Required by safety
Existing laser room + SAS
Extended part (SAS)
+ Air ventilation + Emergency exit (?)
• 40W at 10 kHz • 17ns Pulse • Low Jitter • Gaussian beam • Much better transmission efficiency to ion source
Blaze laser test A multi-stage test of a Blaze 532-40-HE diode pumped Nd:YVO4 laser, supplied as a loan by Lumera Laser GmbH, has been performed on 17-18 December 2012.
B. Marsh et al., Stability test of a high quality Nd:YVO industrial laser for the ISOLDE RILIS installation. CERN-ATS-Note-2013-007 TECH
Lumera Blaze 532-40-HE
Photonics
DM60 EdgeWave CX16III-OE
Power @ 532 nm 40 W 60 W 90 W
Pulse length 17 ns 180 ns 10 ns
Jitter < 3 ns < 10 ns 3 ns
M2 1.1 ~ 30 1.3
Beam shape Circular Circular Elliptical with satellites
Laser Laser Power (on table)
Reference beam power in 3 mm
aperture
Transport efficiency
Edgewave 43 W 370 mW 33 %
Blaze 15 W 350 mW 88%
Blaze 40 W 800 mW 76%
Blaze laser versus RILIS lasers
Due to the higher beam quality, the laser power that can be delivered through the 3 mm aperture at the reference point is 2.2 times higher than can be achieved with the Edgewave laser that is currently installed.
Test of Ga ionization: Blaze versus EdgeWave
For each power level of the Blaze laser, a considerable change in the telescope focusing was required to regain optimal efficiency. A likely cause of this effect is thermal lensing due to absorption of the beam at the quartz window of the mass separator.
Power dependent thermal lensing in the beam transport optics is to be eliminated !
HRS laser window Periodic replacement is needed because of contamination of internal surface
In the 90o magnet the window is mounted inside the magnet, a special tool is used to extract it, - very complicated operation
Proposal: To make an extension tube to the HRS chamber for mounting the window outside magnet, as at GPS Easy to inspect, easy to replace
Machine protection/safety
Dye Leak: Fire hazard; laser damage risk
Up to 6 dye circulators each containing up to 3 L of ethanol flowing at 7 L/min.
Water cooling for Ti:Sa crystals. Water cooling network for each dye circulator.
Up to 40 W pump beam focused on dye cell. Almost immediate dye cell damage if dye flow stops.
Dye flow interruption: Fire hazard; laser damage risk
Water leak: Equipment damage risk; electrical safety hazard
Action required: Stop pump lasers, alert the laser operator.
Action required: Block pump beam to dye laser, alert the laser operator.
Action required: Stop pump laser, alert the laser operator.
Non invasive dye flow sensor (ULTRASONIC)
+ Micro-controller and data logger +
Laser beam shutter Flip mirror/ beam dump assembly with controller
+ Pump laser control by Hyper-terminal commands and access to laser operator alert system (LABVIEW based)
Solution to be tested:
Install water leak sensor cables on laser table and RILIS cabin floor
Include sensor data logger in RILIS monitoring system
Organic solvent detector (breathalyzer)
+ Micro-controller and data logger
Inputs
Signal Processing Electronics
Outputs
High PowerDriver
Electronics
Sensor Data and status logged to Network
Variables
Expert User Interface Variables
Expert User Interface LabVIEW Configuration Program for Machine Protection Interlock System
Thresholds & OverridesOperator Phone / Mail
write
Dye Circulator
Motorx5
Safety Shutter
x8
Laser Interlock
Dye Flow Sensor
Alcohol Leak
Detector
Dye Temp. Sensor
x6
x8x8x10
User Alert:E-Mail & Phone
Temporary Override /
Acknowledge Error Message
Error Reset / Arm MP Sys. / Current State
„OK“
RILIS Machine Protection Interlock System(CompactRIO platform)
System Status
Indicator
errorwarningokop override
SpareAnalog Inputs
Spare Digital Inputs
x8x8
Door Interlock
Spare Switching
Relays
x8
x12
read
call
read
The Ethanol based dye laser medium poses a possible fire hazard and a lack of dye flow can result in damage
to the laser cells. Thus, an independently operable and reliable machine protection system is specified to be
capable of:
Constant surveillance of critical parameters, also published to network
Triggering of safety shutters as well as initiating controlled shutdown
Sending alerts and status reports for operators via GSM text messages
Schematic RILIS Machine Protection System overview and operator phone.
RILIS Machine Protection
Under construction in STI-ECE
Piezo-actuators for fast beam displacement
Currently capable of stabilizing up to two visible or IR beams
Laser beam stabilization
Stabilization of high and low frequency beam fluctuations
Commercial system adapted to RILIS conditions
Laser installation at new off-line separator
Implementation plan for building 275
Testing of new ionization schemes
Development of new approaches to laser ion sources
Study of laser – ion interaction in the RF-cooler
RILIS ion beams
•Ion beams of 31 elements are produced at ISOLDE with RILIS
31 elements ionized with RILIS 1 2
H 27 ionization scheme tested (dye or Ti:Sa) He
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Li Be 25 RILIS ionization feasible B C N O F Ne
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112
Fr Ra Ac Rf Ha Sg Ns Hs Mt
58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
Recent new beams: Sm, Pr, At, Ca
Requested beam development
RILIS status monitoring
20
Essential RILIS parameters are published to a Labview DSM. All values are accessible from the CERN technical network RILIS monitor display is published to a website for remote monitoring
• Power • Wavelength • Proton current • Reference beam images
https://riliselements.web.cern.ch/riliselements/LASERS/
• Goals – Modular and flexible remote
device monitoring and control
– Operator support in complex “Dual RILIS” supervision
– Self-reliant machine protection
– Future prospect: On-call operation
• Collaborative Data Acquisition ISOLDE Faraday Cups, ISOLTRAP MR-ToF data, Windmill alpha detector, …
• Technology National Instruments LabVIEW and Shared Variable Engine, CERN technical network infrastructure
Remote Monitoring and Control System
Position
Timing
Wavelength
Power
Device Communi- cation and Readout
USB
Power over Ethernet
Device Communi- cation
RS-232
Readout
Ethernet
Data Processing
Software Control
Data Acquisition and Storage
PoE Injector
Ethernet
RS-232
Monitoring Auxiliary Sensor Data
USB
NI Shared Variable Engine
Position
Timing
Power
Wavelength
RS-232
RS-232
Monitoring Control
Auxiliary Software
ISOLDE Ion Beam Current (FESA readout)
PSB Proton Beam Current (FESA readout)
PSB Telegram Synchronization (JAPC readout)
Data Logging
General Status Info & Control RILIS, VISTARS…
Cooling Units Status & Control
USB
By Ralf Rossel
LIST device: LIST assembly:
Ion repeller
LIST was successfully tested with UCx-target -> No loss of performance over 5 days
Suppression of Na-, Al-, K-, Fr-, U-isotopes studied -> Suppression factors varied from 100 to 1000
Laser ionization of radioactive Mg and Po in LIST
Laser ionized 30Mg
Suppressed 26Na, 46K
LIST mode RILIS mode
Fr suppression and laser ionization of Po in LIST First ever LIST on-line physics result: hyperfine structure of 217Po
Ionization and suppression of contaminants by LIST:
Laser Ion Source and Trap (LIST) On-Line at ISOLDE
RF terminals
The Dual Etalon Narrow Linewidth TiSa
Reduction of line-width from >5 GHz <1GHz
Addition of a thick etalon to the TiSa cavity
Remote dual etalon control, automatic optimization routine and feedback based frequency stabilization
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Po
we
r, m
W
Wavelength, nm
Ni 305 nm Dye SHG
611 nm Dye fund
748 nm TiSa fund
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Example of RILIS setup Ni: Dye-Dye-TiSa
Higher power from TiSa for AIS transition
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Po
we
r, m
W
Wavelength, nm
Higher power from TiSa for Step 1
Example of RILIS setup Ca: TiSa-Dye-Dye
Ca 423 nm TiSa SHG
586 nm Dye fund
654 nm Dye fund
Step 1
Step 2 Step 3
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Po
we
r, m
W
Wavelength, nm
Step 3
Example of RILIS setup Mg: Dye-Dye-YAG
Mg 285 nm Dye SHG
553 nm Dye fund
532 nm Nd:YAG SHG
Step 2 Step 1
Only Dye scheme, TiSa is setting up for
next run (Po)
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Po
we
r, m
W
Wavelength, nm
Step 1
Step 3
Step 2
Higher power from TiSa for Step 2
Example of RILIS setup Po: Dye-TiSa-YAG
Po 256 nm Dye THG
843 nm TiSa fund
532 nm Nd:YAG SHG
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Po
we
r, m
W
Wavelength, nm
Example of RILIS setup At: Dye-TiSa-YAG
At 216 nm Dye THG
795 nm TiSa fund
532 nm Nd:YAG SHG
Step 1
Step 2 Step 3
Higher power from TiSa for Step 2
Dye and TiSa exchangeable for Step 1
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Po
we
r, m
W
Wavelength, nm
Example of RILIS setup Au: TiSa-Dye-Dye
Au 268 nm TiSa THG
306 nm Dye SHG
674 nm Dye fund
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Higher power from TiSa for Step 1
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
Ho
urs
1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
Year
Beam Sm 2 runs
Ca 2 runs
Cd At 2 runs
Au 2 runs
Be 3 runs
Dy Mg 4 runs
Po 2 runs
Ag 2 runs
Zn Cu Mn
Planned 208 272 192 300 172 446 88 296 206 96 198 112 148
Real 212 359 253 345 262 278 111 378 206 113 124 69 208
Ion beams of 13 elements were produced with RILIS in 2012
Availability of two complementary laser systems (Dye and Ti:Sapphire) has ensured the increase of RILIS beam time in 2011-2012
RILIS operation in 1994-2012
3060 h lasers ON
319 on-line shifts
RILIS operators:
2 CERN stuff members: Bruce Marsh, Valentin Fedosseev 2 CERN fellow: Sebastian Rothe, Tom Day Goodacre (contracts started 1.10.2012) 1 PhD student: Daniel Fink ISOLDE Users (2 in average): Maxim Seliverstov, Dmitry Fedorov, Nobuaki Imai, Pavel Molkanov, ...
At present RILIS operation is organized in 8-hours shifts: 4 persons on shifts + 1 person on-call Regular breaks in laser operation are needed for rest: Not more than 3 weeks of work without free days.
Gold Isotopes
Windmill Faraday Cup MR-TOF
CO
UN
TS
Alpha energy, keV
1st transition is difficult with dye laser (UV pump beam required)
NB-TiSa was therefore advantageous: scanning stability with 3rd harmonic was demonstrated
MR-TOF, windmill and FC were used
Beam time was extremely limited !
Astatine Isotopes: scans on both steps
NB - Dye laser
ISOLDE Faraday cup
Annular Si Si
197At beam
C-foils 20 mg/cm2
Windmill Faraday Cup MR-TOF
NB - TiSa
Extensive Ionization scheme development was required