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Ridgeline Meteorological Sensor Network. Stephen Copeland, Xau Moua, Joseph Lane Client: Doug Taylor, John Deere Renewables Advisors: Dr. Manimaran Govindarasu, Dr.Venkataramana Ajjarapu. Problem Statement. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Ridgeline Meteorological Sensor Network
Stephen Copeland, Xau Moua, Joseph Lane
Client: Doug Taylor, John Deere Renewables
Advisors: Dr. Manimaran Govindarasu, Dr.Venkataramana Ajjarapu
Small scout towers capable of wirelessly transmitting measurements to large MET towers.
Wireless communication via radio transceivers on scout tower and MET tower.
Built-in mesh networking protocol
Problem Statement
System Block Diagram
The range of the transceiver must be minimum 2km
Network shall use mesh network protocol
Data shall be sent home once a day
Data logged on tower’s own memory
All components housed in a NEMA4 enclosure
Functional Requirements
Network shall be self healing
Wireless signal shall penetrate rough terrain
Wireless signal shall withstand various precipitation
Transceiver shall be plug and play
Non-Functional Requirements
Transceiver Considerations
Antenna Considerations
½ Wave Dipole Antenna• Approx 2.1 db gain• Omni-directional
Yagi Antenna Array• Approx 10 db gain• Single directional
Radiation Patterns
Microcontroller ConsiderationsMicrocontroller Advantages Disadvantages
Development platform for LPC2148
Powerful processor Feature rich Lots of memory Socket for storage Built in accelerometer
Highest price Less support base
Development board for PIC18F4550
USB programmable Feature rich Multiple coding languages Abundant support
Not as easy to code as others
Arduino Lowest cost Massive base of supporters Very simple coding Very modular
Least feature rich Slowest processor
Current use of cell towers or satellite communication
M4 Wind Services for Rotor Redline
Market Survey
Terrain can attenuate wireless signal
Topology could create bottlenecks in network
Climate could stress the operability of components
Limited access to information
Constraints
Risks & MitigationRisks Mitigation
•Unforeseeable terrain obstacles•Harsh weather conditions•Data logger interface
•Consider various terrains and weather conditions for testing• Use of NEMA-4 enclosure• Simulate data logger with computer
Project Schedule
Milestones• 4/17 – Ordered technology components• 4/23 – Finalized design report• 4/25 – Completed initial testing (devices functioning)
• 9/27 – Completed all primary performance study testing• 10/22 – Completed secondary testing (interface w/ data logger)• 11/26 – Completed final testing (field & performance)
Cost Estimate (for one device)Item Estimated Cost Contributor
Campbell CR1000 $1,700.00 John Deere
Modbus software for Nomad 2 SCADA connection $400.00 John Deere
32MB Compact Flash Card $50.00 John Deere
Compact Flash Card reader for USB port $35.00 John Deere
Serial to USB cable $50.00 John Deere
Anemometer $295.00 John Deere
Wind Vane $245.00 John Deere
Thermistor (Temperature Sensor) $95.00 John Deere
SETRA Barometric Pressure Transducer $325.00 John Deere
XBee-PRO DigiMesh 900 Transceiver $45.00 ISU
Arduino Microcontroller Board for Testing $40.00 ISU
4XAA Battery Holder $2.00 ISU
Adjustable Voltage Regulator $2.00 ISU
NEMA 4 Enclosure $15.00 ISU
Antenna $20.00 ISU
Cables $50.00 John Deere
Total price = $3369.00
Labor Costs (@$20/hr) = $18,200
Transceiver SolutionXBee-PRO DigiMesh 900
Transmit Power
50mW
LOS Range 6 miles
(w/ High gain antenna)
Built in mesh YesCost $45.00
Pros
Build in mesh protocol Scalable and
interoperable w/ devices from different vendors
UHF can penetrate dense forestry
Self-healing and discovery for stability
ConsXBee-PRO DigiMesh 900 Transceiver
7" ½ wave dipole, bulkhead mount, RPSMA connector
Antenna Solution
• Approx 2.1 dB gain• Up to 3 km RF LOS range• Inexpensive• Omni-directional
Microcontroller Solution
Range◦ various locations on campus
Power consumption◦ Use of LabView and multi meters to measure
current and voltage levels Microcontroller
◦ Basic data communication◦ Message integrity ◦ Throughput
Testing
timenTransmitiolengthMessageThroughput
Self Healing◦ Selected modules turned off during transmission
Security◦ Channel hopping, Encryption
Latency◦ Receiving rate vs. data size
Casing◦ Shock, vibration, realistic impact, and contact
with water, ice, and snow.
Testing (cont.)
Microcontroller and transceiver connected and programmed for basic communication
Computers used as data logger interface Omni directional antenna connected to
transceiver 4xAA battery pack connected as power
supply
Prototype Implementation
Wireless communication up to 0.5 Km
outdoors in line of sight.
Indoor testing in Coover too many obstacles
Drop-in networking
Results
Transceivers and antennas received
Documentation Finalized
Proposal for acquisition of used sensors
Initial communication testing
More unit and system level testing is required
Current Status
Member Contri-butions
JoeXauStephen
Tasks & ContributionsJoe• Transceiver testing• Microcontroller testing• Hardware assembly• Research & Documentation
Xau• Antenna analysis• Hardware assembly• Research & Documentation
Stephen• Weekly reports• Hardware assembly• System level testing• Research & Documentation
Parts provided by John Deere and others
◦ If provided, system level testing
Extensive testing throughout summer ‘10
Simulated or actual data logger integration
Senior Design II Plans
Any Questions?
Thank You