Upload
subiiah-panneer-selvam
View
183
Download
9
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Elevator Ride comfort measurement by PMT USAIndia distributor - JLSeasgull Power [email protected]
Citation preview
High Accuracy Instrumentation for the Vertical Transportation IndustryPMT Copyright 2002 Physical Measurement Technologies, Inc.
Elevator Ride QualityDefinition & Measurement
An International Approach
EVA-625
PMTPMT
High Accuracy Instrumentation for the Vertical Transportation IndustryPMT Copyright 2002 Physical Measurement Technologies, Inc.
Why Measure Ride Quality?
• Evaluate Elevator Ride Comfort
• Improve Quality of:– Design – Installation– Maintenance
• Diagnosis (Trouble Shooting)– Reduce Time (Costs)
High Accuracy Instrumentation for the Vertical Transportation IndustryPMT Copyright 2002 Physical Measurement Technologies, Inc.
What Was Ride Quality?
• Qualitative– Method
• Ride, Feel, Listen
– Analysis• Compare Against Experience
• Flaws– Non-Repeatable/Non-Calibrated/
Psychological
High Accuracy Instrumentation for the Vertical Transportation IndustryPMT Copyright 2002 Physical Measurement Technologies, Inc.
What is Ride Quality Now?
• Quantitative Measurement of Vibration (Motion) & Sound – Standardized Human Perception
• Measured in Standard Way– Standard Measurement Technique– Standard Processing Technique
High Accuracy Instrumentation for the Vertical Transportation IndustryPMT Copyright 2002 Physical Measurement Technologies, Inc.
New Standard ISO/DIS 18738
• Draws From – ISO2631
• Human Response to Vibration
– ISO8041• Instrumentation (ISO2631)
– IEC651• Sound Level Measurement
– Elevator Industry Experience
High Accuracy Instrumentation for the Vertical Transportation IndustryPMT Copyright 2002 Physical Measurement Technologies, Inc.
ISO2631/ISO8041
Frequency Weighting Z axis
-45
-35
-25
-15
-5
5
0.1 1 10 100Frequency (Hz)
Ga
in d
B
Frequency Weighting X,Y Axes
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
0.1 1 10 100
Frequency (Hz)G
ain
(d
B)
Human Response to Vibration ‘ISO Filter’
High Accuracy Instrumentation for the Vertical Transportation IndustryPMT Copyright 2002 Physical Measurement Technologies, Inc.
ISO2631/ISO8041 Vertical Axis
Frequency Weighting Z axis
-45
-35
-25
-15
-5
5
0.1 1 10 100Frequency (Hz)
Ga
in d
B
High Accuracy Instrumentation for the Vertical Transportation IndustryPMT Copyright 2002 Physical Measurement Technologies, Inc.
ISO2631/ISO8041 Horizontal Axes
Frequency Weighting X,Y Axes
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
0.1 1 10 100
Frequency (Hz)
Gai
n (
dB
)
High Accuracy Instrumentation for the Vertical Transportation IndustryPMT Copyright 2002 Physical Measurement Technologies, Inc.
ISO/DIS 18738
• Defines Terminology
• Defines Field Measurement Method
• Defines Processing Techniques
• Defines Reporting
High Accuracy Instrumentation for the Vertical Transportation IndustryPMT Copyright 2002 Physical Measurement Technologies, Inc.
Units of Measure
9.81 m/s2 = 1g = 1000 milli(g)s 1g = 981 gals
1 milli(g) 1 gal
Vibration Standard: m/s2
Typical: milli(g)s, galsAcceleration Standard: m/s2
Velocity Standard: m/sDistance Standard: mJerk Standard: m/s3
Sound Standard: dBA (decibels)
High Accuracy Instrumentation for the Vertical Transportation IndustryPMT Copyright 2002 Physical Measurement Technologies, Inc.
Field Measurement Method
• Ancillary Equipment Off
• Center of Car
• X Axis to Door, Z Vertical
• Microphone at 1 - 1.6 meters
• Agreed Upon Time of Day
• 2 People (Maximum) in Lift
• Measure Terminus to Terminus
• Begin Recording Before Doors Close
• Finish After Doors Open
High Accuracy Instrumentation for the Vertical Transportation IndustryPMT Copyright 2002 Physical Measurement Technologies, Inc.
Collected Data (Unfiltered)
Max Pk/Pk: 47.3 A95: 26.5 0-Pk: 33.1
Max Pk/Pk: 29.0 A95: 15.9 0-Pk: 21.6
Max Pk/Pk: 54.3 A95: 32.2 0-Pk: 171.8
Run Sound: 61.5 L Aleq: 57.8 Max Sound: 74.6
50
75
-25
0
25
0
25
-0
200
0 5 10 15 20 25
5.0-5.0
5.0
-5.0
5.0-5.0
60.0
1 2 3 4
International Services Building Elevator 23Units: milli(g) File: 5TWG3E71.VE2 10:13:15 04/03/97
Soun
d(dB
A)
XY
Z
Seconds
High Accuracy Instrumentation for the Vertical Transportation IndustryPMT Copyright 2002 Physical Measurement Technologies, Inc.
Performance (Acceleration)Max Pk/Pk: 54.3 A95: 32.2 0-Pk: 171.8
-150
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
5 10 15 20 25
5.0
-5.0
1 2 3 4
International Services Building Elevator 23Units: milli(g) File: 5TWG3E71.VE2 10:13:15 04/03/97
Z
Seconds
Max/95 Accel: 1.457/1.421 Decel: -1.005/0.961
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
5 10 15 20 25
1 2 3 4
International Services Building Elevator 23Units: milli(g) File: 5TWG3E71.VE2 10:13:15 04/03/97
Z A
cc
el.
m/s
ec
^2
X
Seconds
10 Hz Low Pass Filter
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
0.1 1 10 100
Frequency (Hz)
Gain
(d
B)
Report
•Maximum Acceleration
•A95 Acceleration
•Maximum Deceleration
•A95 Deceleration
High Accuracy Instrumentation for the Vertical Transportation IndustryPMT Copyright 2002 Physical Measurement Technologies, Inc.
Performance (Velocity)Max/95 Accel: 1.457/1.421 Decel: -1.005/0.961
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
5 10 15 20 25
1 2 3 4
International Services Building Elevator 23Units: milli(g) File: 5TWG3E71.VE2 10:13:15 04/03/97
Z A
cc
el.
m/s
ec
^2
X
Seconds
Max Velocity: 2.56 V95: 2.53
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
5 10 15 20 25
1 2 3 4
International Services Building Elevator 23Units: milli(g) File: 5TWG3E71.VE2 10:13:15 04/03/97
Z V
elo
cit
y m
/se
cX
Seconds
Report
•Maximum Velocity
•V95 Velocity
High Accuracy Instrumentation for the Vertical Transportation IndustryPMT Copyright 2002 Physical Measurement Technologies, Inc.
Performance (Distance)Max Velocity: 2.56 V95: 2.53
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
5 10 15 20 25
1 2 3 4
International Services Building Elevator 23Units: milli(g) File: 5TWG3E71.VE2 10:13:15 04/03/97
Z V
elo
cit
y m
/se
cX
Seconds
Max Distance: 40.24
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
5 10 15 20 25
1 2 3 4
International Services Building Elevator 23Units: milli(g) File: 5TWG3E71.VE2 10:13:15 04/03/97
Z D
ista
nc
e m
Seconds
Report•No Reporting Requirement
•Used in Boundary Calculation
•Used for Diagnosis
High Accuracy Instrumentation for the Vertical Transportation IndustryPMT Copyright 2002 Physical Measurement Technologies, Inc.
Max/95 Accel: 1.457/1.421 Decel: -1.005/0.961
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
5 10 15 20 25
1 2 3 4
International Services Building Elevator 23Units: milli(g) File: 5TWG3E71.VE2 10:13:15 04/03/97
Z A
cc
el.
m/s
ec
^2
X
Seconds
Max Jerk: 2.7
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
0 5 10 15 20 25
1 2 3 4
International Services Building Elevator 23Units: milli(g) File: 5TWG3E71.VE2 10:13:15 04/03/97
Z J
erk
m/s
^3
Seconds
Running Slope
(Least Squares)
Report
•Maximum Jerk
Performance (Jerk)
High Accuracy Instrumentation for the Vertical Transportation IndustryPMT Copyright 2002 Physical Measurement Technologies, Inc.
Performance MeasurementsAcceleration/Deceleration Measurements:
Maximum: Greatest Acceleration Found Between 5% and 95% of Full Speed (Increasing) for Acceleration And Between 95% and 5% (decreasing) for Deceleration
A95: Typical Acceleration (Acceleration that 95% of all acceleration values are less than or equal to) Found Between 5% and 95% of Full Speed (Increasing) or between 95% and 5% of Full Speed (decreasing)
Vel
oc
ity
Ac
ce
lera
tio
n
High Accuracy Instrumentation for the Vertical Transportation IndustryPMT Copyright 2002 Physical Measurement Technologies, Inc.
Performance Measurements
Velocity Measurements:
Maximum: Greatest Velocity Found 95% of Full Speed (Increasing) And 95% of Full Speed (decreasing)
V95: Typical Velocity (Velocity that is 95% of all acceleration values are less than or equal to) Found Between 95% of Full Speed (Increasing) and 95% of Full Speed (decreasing)
High Accuracy Instrumentation for the Vertical Transportation IndustryPMT Copyright 2002 Physical Measurement Technologies, Inc.
Vibration MeasurementsRide Quality
Max Pk/Pk: 47.3 A95: 26.5 0-Pk: 33.1
Max Pk/Pk: 29.0 A95: 15.9 0-Pk: 21.6
Max Pk/Pk: 54.3 A95: 32.2 0-Pk: 171.8
-25
0
25
0
25
-100
0
100
200
5 10 15 20 25
5.0
-5.0
5.0
-5.0
5.0
-5.0
1 2 3 4
International Services Building Elevator 23Units: milli(g) File: 5TWG3E71.VE2 10:13:15 04/03/97
XY
Z
SecondsMax Pk/Pk: 9.4 A95: 4.5 0-Pk: 6.9
Max Pk/Pk: 9.8 A95: 5.7 0-Pk: 7.8
Max Pk/Pk: 15.5 A95: 11.8 0-Pk: 21.2 Jerk Zone Max Pk/Pk: 29.4
-5
0
5
-5
0
5
0
20
5 10 15 20 25
5.0
-5.0
5.0
-5.0
5.0
-5.0
1 2 3 4
International Services Building Elevator 23Units: milli(g) File: 5TWG3E71.VE2 10:13:15 04/03/97
Sound(dBA)
ISO
XIS
O Y
ISO
Z
Seconds
Frequency Weighting X,Y Axes
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
0.1 1 10 100
Frequency (Hz)
Gai
n (
dB
)
Frequency Weighting Z axis
-45
-35
-25
-15
-5
5
0.1 1 10 100Frequency (Hz)
Ga
in d
B
Unfiltered (Raw) Data is Weighted (filtered) According to ISO8041-1999 and Evaluated for Vibration Levels (Maximum & A95)
High Accuracy Instrumentation for the Vertical Transportation IndustryPMT Copyright 2002 Physical Measurement Technologies, Inc.
Evaluating Vibration Level•Vibration Level Characterized:
•Maximum Adjacent Peak to Peak Vibration (Max Pk/Pk) for Each Axis
•Typical Vibration (A95) for Each Axis
•Vibration Evaluated Within Specific Boundaries
•For X,Y Axes (Horizontal)
•Max Pk/Pk & A95 Evaluated Between 0.5m From Lift Start Position to 0.5m From Final Position
•For Z Axis (Vertical)
•Max Pk/Pk & A95 Evaluated Between 0.5m From Lift Start Position to 0.5m From Final Position: Jerk 0.3 m/s³ (non-Jerk Zone)
•Max Pk/Pk Evaluated Between 0.5m From Lift Start Position to 0.5m From Final Position: Jerk 0.3 m/s³ (Jerk Zone)
High Accuracy Instrumentation for the Vertical Transportation IndustryPMT Copyright 2002 Physical Measurement Technologies, Inc.
Evaluating Vibration Level
Adjacent Peak to Peak: Local Maximum Values of Opposite Sign, Separated by Single Zero Crossing
A95 Peak to Peak: The Peak to Peak Level That is Greater Than or Equal To, 95% of All of the Peak to Peak Measurements Within A Data Set
High Accuracy Instrumentation for the Vertical Transportation IndustryPMT Copyright 2002 Physical Measurement Technologies, Inc.
Evaluating Vibration LevelBoundaries of MeasurementX,Y Axes (Horizontal) Maximum Peak to Peak and A95 Vibration is Evaluated Between the Point at Which the Lift Has Moved 0.5 Meters From its Start Position to the Point at Which the Lift Has Moved to Within 0.5 Meters From its Final Position
Max Pk/Pk: 9.4 A95: 4.5 0-Pk: 6.9
Max Pk/Pk: 9.8 A95: 6.1 0-Pk: 7.8
-5
0
5
-5
0
5
5 10 15 20 25
5.0
-5.0
5.0
-5.0 1 2 3 4
International Services Building Elevator 23Units: milli(g) File: 5TWG3E71.VE2 10:13:15 04/03/97
ISO
XIS
O Y
Seconds
Start + 0.5 Meters Finish - 0.5 Meters
High Accuracy Instrumentation for the Vertical Transportation IndustryPMT Copyright 2002 Physical Measurement Technologies, Inc.
Evaluating Vibration LevelBoundaries of MeasurementZ Axis (Vertical) Maximum Peak to Peak and A95 Vibration is Evaluated Between the Point at Which the Lift Has Moved 0.5 Meters From its Start Position to the Point at Which the Lift Has Moved to Within 0.5 Meters From its Final Position AND Where Jerk 0.3 m/s
Maximum Peak to Peak Vibration is Evaluated Where Jerk > 0.3 m/s and is Reported as Jerk Zone Maximum Pk/Pk
Max Pk/Pk: 20.0 A95: 14.3 0-Pk: 34.3 Jerk Zone Max Pk/Pk: 36.3
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
5 10 15 20 25
5.0
-5.0
1 2 3 4
International Services Building Elevator 23Units: milli(g) File: 5TWG3E71.VE2 10:13:15 04/03/97
ISO
Z
Seconds
Max Pk/Pk: 54.3 A95: 32.2 0-Pk: 171.8
-150
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
5 10 15 20 25
5.0
-5.0
1 2 3 4
International Services Building Elevator 23Units: milli(g) File: 5TWG3E71.VE2 10:13:15 04/03/97
Z
Seconds
High Accuracy Instrumentation for the Vertical Transportation IndustryPMT Copyright 2002 Physical Measurement Technologies, Inc.
Evaluating Sound Level
Run Sound: 61.5 L Aleq: 57.8 Max Sound: 74.6
40
50
60
70
80
90
5 10 15 20 25
60.0
1 2 3 4
International Services Building Elevator 23Units: milli(g) File: 5TWG3E71.VE2 10:13:15 04/03/97
Soun
d(dB
A)
Seconds
Sound Level: Maximum A-Weighted, Fast Response, and L Aleq Sound Level is Evaluated & Reported Between the Point at Which the Lift Has Moved 0.5 Meters From its Start Position to the Point at Which the Lift Has Moved to Within 0.5 Meters From its Final Position
High Accuracy Instrumentation for the Vertical Transportation IndustryPMT Copyright 2002 Physical Measurement Technologies, Inc.
Ride Quality Reporting