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*January 2006Richard StastnyDevelopments aroundInfrastucture
ENUMand their relevance on NGNs
Workshop on NGN Interconnection and NumberingTRIS TISPAN
WG4Copenhagen, 18. January 2006Richard Stastny, FEG** The opinions
expressed here may or may not be that of my company
Richard Stastny
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January 2006Richard Stastny*ContentNGN/IP Interconnect VoIP
PeeringSome definitionsWhat is ENUM?What kind of
ENUM?Infrastructure ENUMRecent IETF developmentsENUM WGSPEERMINT
WGBenefits in a nutshell
Richard Stastny
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January 2006Richard Stastny*DefinitionsWhat are NGNs?IP-based
networksService provider networks offering real-time or near
realtime IP communicationsEnterprise networksetc. Administrative
DomainsWhat is Interconnection between NGNs?a user registered in
one administrative domain is able to contact (establish a session
to) an user registered in a different administrative domain by
using a Public User Identity (Address-of-Record, E.164
Number)preferably via IP
Richard Stastny
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January 2006Richard Stastny*NGN/IP Interconnect (VoIP Peering)If
we take the All-IP paradigm seriously, we have two basic
requirements:Any real-time communication originating on IP and
terminating on IP MUST stay on IP end-to-endThis implies, it MUST
NOT use the PSTN/ISDN to interconnect.Benefits are:improved
end-to-end functionality (BB codecs, IM, video, conferencing,
presence, )Improved end-to-end QoSNo additional cost beside of
IP-accessconvergence possible at the end-users device
Richard Stastny
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January 2006Richard Stastny*Example IMS (TS 23.228)Public User
Identitiessomething one may put on a business card a SIP URI or a
TEL URI (in E.164 format)Routing* within IMS shall use SIP
URIs(converted via DNS to IP addresses RFC3263)TEL URIs will
require conversion to SIP URIs (via ENUM) Interconnection between
IMS must be possible by using SIP URIs only
* Routing = finding the next hop
Richard Stastny
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January 2006Richard Stastny*Possible Public User IdentitiesE.164
numbersSIP URIs defined by
provider:sip:[email protected]:[email protected]
URIs with self-provided
domains:sip:[email protected]:[email protected]
Richard Stastny
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January 2006Richard Stastny*Electronic or E.164 NUMber mapping
is defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) in RFC3761
as:
the mapping of Telephone Numbers to Uniform Resource Identifiers
(URIs) using the Domain Name System (DNS) in the domain
e164.arpa
URIs are used to identify resources on the Internet (e.g.
http://enum.nic.at )
The purpose of ENUM is to enable the convergence between the
PSTN and the InternetENUM is defined by the IETF
Richard Stastny
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January 2006Richard Stastny*ENUM in a nutshell take an E.164
phone number+43 720 203 211 turn it into a FQDN
1.1.2.3.0.2.0.2.7.3.4.e164.arpa. returns list of
URIssip:[email protected] query the DNS (for
NAPTR)mailto:[email protected] tel:+436644204100IN NAPTR
100 100 "u" E2U+sip !^.*$!SIP:[email protected]! .
Richard Stastny
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January 2006Richard Stastny*The basic idea of ENUM (RFC3671)The
basic idea of ENUM was to allow end-users to opt-in with their
EXISTING phone-numbers on the PSTN into e164.arpa to provide OTHER
end-users with the capability to look up contact URIs on the
Internet the above end-user wants to link to this numberThis kind
of ENUM is called User ENUM
Richard Stastny
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January 2006Richard Stastny*SIP Session
establishmentsip:[email protected] serverSIP
serversip:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]
SRV lookupproviderB.netsip:[email protected] based networkIf this
does not work, forget ENUMDNS
Richard Stastny
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January 2006Richard Stastny*
Richard Stastny
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January 2006Richard Stastny*E.164 Session
establishmentsip:[email protected] serverSIP
serversip:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:+43780420410sessionDNS
SRV lookupproviderB.netsip:[email protected] NAPTR
0.1.4.0.2.4.0.8.7.3.4.e164.arpa. ?... NAPTR ...
"!^.*$!sip:[email protected]!"What is ENUM adding?
Richard Stastny
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January 2006Richard Stastny*What are the Benefits of ENUM?ENUM
is using the DNSits there, it works, its global, it scales, its
reliable, its open, anyone can use itsaving CAPEXEnables the
originating administrative domain to do an All Call Query (ACQ) to
find the destination networkUltimate solution in Number
PortabilityProvisioning is done only by the destination (recipient)
administrative domain for the E.164 numbers this domain is
hostingSaving OPEXEnables all multimedia (MM) services for E.164
numbers for all sessions on IP end-to-endEnables convergence
(whatever that means)
Richard Stastny
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January 2006Richard Stastny*So what ENUM should be used?The ENUM
Babuschkas
Richard Stastny
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January 2006Richard Stastny*The ENUMsUser ENUMPrivate
ENUMOperator ENUMEnterprise ENUMFederation ENUMCarrier
ENUMInfrastructure ENUMEMINEM
Richard Stastny
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January 2006Richard Stastny*User ENUMUser ENUM requirescountry
opt-inend-user opt-inService providers have no say in User ENUMSo
Service Providers using IP-based technology need other solutions to
be able to Interconnect via IP-based technology and using E.164
Numbers
Richard Stastny
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January 2006Richard Stastny*Private ENUMAlso called:Operator
ENUMEnterprise ENUMAn administrative domain is setting up their own
private ENUM DNSMay be used in addition to other solutions to route
within own networkBut does not solve the Interconnect problem with
other administrative domains ANDrequires extensive provisioning
Richard Stastny
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January 2006Richard Stastny*Federation ENUMThis is currently how
service providers interconnect on IP:Variants:Private ENUM in a
walled garden extranet (GSMA)SIP Exchange with restricted access on
the Internet (Cable providers, XConnect, SIP-IX, )public tree not
in e164.arpa (e164.info)Advantages:No user opt-in, NO REGULATORS
INVOLVED, intrinsic peering agreements, savings in CAPEX, OPEX,
MM-servicesDisadvantages:limited reach, no global solution, how to
peer with other federations?
Richard Stastny
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January 2006Richard Stastny*Public Infrastructure ENUMIf
Infrastructure ENUM is intended to allow the mapping of any E.164
number that can be reached via IP even if it terminates on the
PSTNto a SIP URI, Infrastructure ENUM must be in the public
DNS.
But this is useless, if the resulting SIP URI cannot be
reachedSo for Infrastructure ENUM also a global IP Interconnect
(VoIP Peering) regime is required.ENUM is an applet to VoIP
Peering
Richard Stastny
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January 2006Richard Stastny*Standardisation in IETFTwo recent
major developments in IETF regarding (VoIP) Interconnect:ENUM WG
extended scope to include Infrastructure ENUMVoipeer BoFs to create
new SPEERMINT WGSession PEERing for Multimedia INTerconnect
Richard Stastny
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January 2006Richard Stastny*Separation of ScopeThe ENUM WG is
primarily concerned with the acquisition of Call Routing Data (CRD)
e.g. a SIP URI, while the SPEERMINT WG is focused on the use of
such CRD. Importantly, the CRD can be derived from ENUM (i.e., an
E.164 DNS entry), or via any other mechanism available to the
user.
Richard Stastny
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January 2006Richard Stastny*Scope ENUM and
SPEERMINTInfrastructureENUM PolicyDatabaseENUM LookupPolicy
LookupI-ENUMSPEERMINT
Richard Stastny
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January 2006Richard Stastny*Current I-Ds in ENUM
WGCarrier/Infrastrucure ENUM Requirements
draft-lind-infrastructure-enum-reqs-01 Combined User and Carrier
ENUM in the e164.arpa tree draft-haberler-carrier-enum-01 IANA
Registration for an Enumservice Containing PSTN Signaling
Informationdraft-ietf-enum-pstn-02
Richard Stastny
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January 2006Richard Stastny*Current I-Ds in SPEERMINTTerminology
for Describing VoIP Peering and Interconnect
draft-meyer-voipeer-terminology-01Publishing SIP Peering Policy
draft-lendl-sip-peering-policy-00This documents proposes the use of
DNS entries to publish a SIP proxy's policy for accepting incoming
calls. Such published policies can be used to selectively establish
peering relationships between VoIP service providers.
Richard Stastny
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January 2006Richard Stastny*Benefits in a nutshellThe major
benefits of Infrastructure ENUM and SPEERMINT for (VoIP) carriers
and (VoIP) service providers is to save costs:Minimal CAPEX for
setting up the required infrastructure to provide the routing
dataMinimal OPEX for maintaining routing data:Announce the E.164
numbers you host (in ENUM)Announce the domains you host (in
DNS)(make bilateral or multilateral peering agreements)Query ENUM
and DNS to find any other destination provider
Richard Stastny
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January 2006Richard Stastny*The EndThank youRichard
StastnyFEG+43 664 420
[email protected]://voipandenum.blogspot.com
Richard Stastny
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