• Rich• Gradual• Cumulative• Recursive

The visuals for today’s presentation are available for your classroom use.Feel free to access them at www.amybenjamin.com

Goals: 1. Vocabulary growth in authentic situations2. Improved ability to derive meaning of unfamiliar words3. Positive attitude about words and language

“Information Closet”

Word

Word

Word

•other wordsthat go with it

•how it changesform to fit intoa sentence

•synonyms

•antonyms

•lesser-used definitions

•spelling: spelling pattern•connotation•register: formal or informal

•personal associations

Think of a child that you know well.

Turn & Talk: Talk about how this

child began to use language. How did he or she

learn his or her first words, phrases, and

sentences?

This is Charlotte.

Role play a conversation

that you would have with

Charlotte about juice.

“Charlotte, are you thirsty?

Would you like some juice?

What kind of juice do you

want? Do you want apple

juice? That’s the yellow juice

that you liked at Nana’s. No?

Do you want the purple juice? The grape juice?

OK. Do you want your juice in the sippy cup or

the Big Girl juice box? OK, now hold it carefully.

Two hands. Don’t squeeze it! It’ll spill all over the

place. Very carefully.Sip it through the straw.

Of Limited Value…Lists aloneContext aloneDefinitions aloneDictionaries and Glossaries alone

Of Durable Value…Words in clustersMultiple exposures in various contextsChances to speak, hear, write the wordsManipulation of forms of wordsClassify and categorize word listsWord games

What do you think are the instructional implications

for your ELL’s?

• Repetition in various contexts and forms

• Physical associations with the language

• “Target words” presented with “accessory

• words”

• Connect word to experience

The Academic Word List (AWL):

Background: The Academic Word List consists of 570 word families that are not in the most frequent 2,000 words of English but which occur frequently over a very wide range of academic texts.These 570 word families are grouped into ten subsets that reflect word frequency. A word like analyze falls into Subset 1, which contains the most frequent words, while the wordadjacent falls into Subset 10 which includes the least frequent (among this list of high incidence words).

The AWL is not restricted to a specific field of study. That means that the words are useful for learnersstudying in disciplines as varied as literature, science, health, business, and law. This high-utility academic word list does not contain technical words likely to appear in one,specific field of study such as amortization, petroglyph, onomatopoeia, or cartilage. Two-thirds of all academic English derive from Latin or Greek.

Understandably, knowledge of the most high-incidence adademic words in English can significantly boost a student’s comprehension level of school-based reading material. Students who are taught these high-utility academic words and routinely placed in contexts requiring their usage are likely to be able to master academic material with more confidence and efficiency, wasting less time and energy in guessing words or consulting dictionaries than those who are only equipped with the most basic 2000-3000 words that characterize ordinary conversation.

The following link gives you a two-page version of the list:

http://www.doe.in.gov/TitleI/pdf/Word_List_Feldman.pdf

Source: Coxhead, Averil. (2000). A new academic word list. TESOL Quarterly, 34, 213-238.

Academic Word List: Subset 1analyze approach area assess assume authority available benefit concept consist context constitute contract data define derive distribute economy environment establish estimate evident factor finance formula function income indicate individual interpret involve issue labor legal legislate major method percent period principle proceed process policy require research respond role section sector significant similar source specific structure theory vary

Academic Word List: Subset 2 achieve acquire administrate affect appropriate aspect assist category chapter commission community complex compute conclude conduct consequent construct consume credit culture design distinct equate element evaluate feature final focus impact injure institute invest item journal maintain normal obtain participate perceive positive potential previous primary purchase range region regulate regulate relevant reside resource restrict secure seek select site strategy survey tradition transfer

Academic Word List: Subset 3 alternative circumstance comment compensate component consent considerable constant constrain contribute convene coordinate core corporate correspond criteria deduce demonstrate document dominate emphasis ensure exclude fund framework illustrate immigrate imply initial instance interact justify layer link locate maximize minor negate outcome philosophy physical proportion publish react register rely remove scheme sequence shift specify sufficient technical technique technology valid volume

access adequacy annual apparent approximate attitude attribute civil code commit communicate concentrate confer contrast cycle debate despite dimension domestic emerge error ethnic grant hence hypothesis implement implicate impose integrate internal investigate mechanism occupy output overall parallel parameter phase predict prior principal professional project promote regime resolve retain series statistic status stress subsequent sum summary undertake

Academic Word List: Subset 4

Academic Word List: Subset 5 academy adjust alter amend aware capacity challeng clause compound conflict consult contact decline discrete draft enable energy enforce entity equivalent evolve expand expose external facilitate fundamental generate generation image liberal license logic margin mental medical modify monitor network notion objective orient perspective precise prime psychology pursue ratio reject revenue stable style substitute sustain symbol target transit trend version welfare whereas

Academic Word List: Subset 6 abstract acknowledge accuracy aggregate allocate assign attach bond brief capable cite cooperate discriminate display diverse domain edit enhance estate exceed explicit federal flexible furthermore gender ignorance interval lecture migrate minimum ministry motive neutral nevertheless overseas precede presume rational recover reveal scope subsidy trace transform transport underlie utilize

Academic Word List: Subset 7 adapt adult advocate aid channel chemical classic comprehensive comprise confirm contrary convert decade definite deny differentiate dispose dynamic equip eliminate empirical extract file finite foundation grade guarantee hierarchy identical ideology infer innovate insert intervene isolate media mode paradigm phenomenon priority prohibit publication release reverse simulate sole submit successor thesis topic transmit ultimate unique

Academic Word List: Subset 8 abandon accompany accumulate ambiguous appendix appreciatearbitrary automate bias chart clarify commodity complementconform contemporary contradict crucial currency denote detect deviate displace eventual exhibit exploit fluctuate guideline highlight implicit induce inevitable infrastructure inspect intense manipulate minimize nuclear offset paragraph practitioner predominant prospect radical random reinforce restore revise schedule tense terminate theme thereby uniform vehicle via virtual visual widespread

Academic Word List: Subset 9accommodate analogy anticipate assure attain behalf cease coherent coincide commence compatible concurrent confine controversy converse device devote diminish distort duration erode ethic format inherent insight integral intermediate manual mature mediate medium military minimal mutual norm overlap passive portion preliminary protocol qualitative refine restrain revolution rigid scenario sphere subordinate supplement suspend temporary trigger unify violate vision

Academic Word List: Subset 10 adjacent albeit assemble collapse colleague compile conceive convince depress encounter forthcoming incline integrity intrinsic invoke levy likewise nonetheless notwithstanding ongoing panel persist pose reluctance so-called straightforward undergo whereas whereby

Prior Knowledge: How well do I know these words?

Strangers AcquaintancesFriends

Words with multiple meanings:

word

math/science/social studies meaning conversational meaning:

Visual:

math/science/social studies sentence:

conversational sentence:

Visual:

Key Idea IV:We need both verbal and non-verbal processing.

structure

technical

mechanism

Key Idea IV:We need both verbal and non-verbal processing.

Key Idea IV:We need both verbal and non-verbal processing.

Word Components: Level 1 (usually known in elementary grades)

Prefixes

ex-

pre-

re-

un-

dis-

non-

im-

mis-

mini-

maxi-

Word Components: Level 2 (usually known in intermediate grades)

Prefixes

co-; con-; com-

syn-; sym-

in-; en- (into)

sub-; sup-

e-

a-; ab-

inter-

intra-

mono-

uni-

bi-; tri-; quad-, etc.

cent-; milli-; mega-poly-; multi-omni-trans-semi-bio-; geo-; eco-

Word Components: Level 3 (usually known in high school)

Prefixes

pseudo-

demi-

endo-; ecto-

pro-

per-

peri-

hemi-

ob-

bene-

mal-

photo-nom-ig-muni-contra-philo-

Common Word Roots for Academic Subjects:

Basic:

-ject (to throw)-port (to carry)-scrip, scribe (to write)-vert, vers (to turn)-pos, pon (to place)-tract (to draw)-pel, pul (to drive)-struct (to build)-grad, gress (to step)-plic, plex (to fold)-flic, flex (to bend)-fic, fac (to make)-miss, mit (to send)-sid, sed (to sit)-spec (to see)-voc (to call)-dict (to say)-rupt (to break)

Often combine with:

sub- re- pro- ex- ob- per-de- a-; ab- co-con- e-trans- ex-

Often end with:-ive-ation; sion-ate-able; ible-or

“

Elevated language used in class by teachers; students givenmotive and opportunity to use elevated vocabulary in speech andwriting.

Students have more opportunities to read for a variety of purposes,including self-selected material.

IMPLICIT INSTRUCTION

Academic Word List

Open Field

EXPLICIT INSTRUCTION

“Focus 40” words from the Academic Word Listselected by grade level teachers: 1 word per week

2-3 words related to or associated with each of the “Focus 40”; each subject area teacher decides on related words

Subject-specific words, such as those found in a glossary

A Plan for School-wide Vocabulary Instruction

Analysis: (Greek)ana= up, against, back

lys= loosen

analysis

Synonyms ornear-synonyms

breakdowninvestigationexamination

Use: An analysis of the datareveals that although severalkey economic indicators showoverall improvement, unemploymentremains high, especially in states thatrely on manufacturing.

Forms: analyze; analytical; analytically pl.: analyses

Similar words:catalyst: agent of changesynthesis: a new combination

Antonyms or near-antonyms:summaryoverviewopinion

Example: Non-Example:

Etymology: (LatinGen: beginning; origin

generate

Synonyms ornear-synonymscreatebeginformformulateproducepropagateprocreatereproduceevolveoriginateengenderpromote

Use: The first stage of the writing process is brainstorming, in which generate as many ideas as possible.

Forms: generation; generated; generating; generational; generative

Relatives:genesisgeneralgeneratorgenocidegene; geneticgenregenuinegenius

Antonyms or near-antonyms:die degenerateextinguishfade

Example Non-Example: