Rice Mill By-Product Utilization by S.Sulochana

7/27/2019 Rice Mill By-Product Utilization by S.Sulochana

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Rice mill by-product utilization

S.Sulochana

Scientist

Indian Institute of Crop Processing

Technology


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By-products in rice milling industry

Rice Broken

Bran

Husk

Ash


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Rice broken

Used directly for table purpose

Used for Idli ready mix

Used for upma, puttu and other readymixes like dosa and other crispysnack

mixes

For brewery For cattle feed etc.
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Requirement of oil for human

consumption

In India average availability per individual is

only 5Kg oil / year

Per day requirement is 35-40g. ie.about

12Kg / year

World average is 11Kg/year

Developed countries 35-40 Kg/yearThe vitamins ADEk are soluble only in oils.Unless required quntity of oil

cnsumed vitamjns cannot be absorbed in our system.


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Oil content in cereal bran (%)

Rice 12.822.6

Wheat 2.94.3

Corn 4.4 - 8.1

Sorghum 4.64.7

Millet 8


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Rice bran- availability

Paddy production 120 million tonnes

Seed purpose 5%

Rice products (Expanded rice,flaked rice and popped rice)

5-10%

Industrial use and feed 5.4%

Annual bran availability is 4 million tonnes and about 3 million tons is processed in

solvent plants and about 552 solvent plants are distributed throughout the country.


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Production of rice bran oil

Rice bran oil 3.95 lakh tons

Edible grade 3.0 lakh tons

Industrial grade(soap, glycerine, stearic acid,

paints)

0.95 lakh ton

The potential for oil production in the country is 8-10 lakh tonnes. In Tamil Nadu

80,000 tonnes can be produced.


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By product of RBO

2-4% wax is obtained during refining of RBO

Usage of waxes:

Chewing gums

Coating over fruits For food wraps

Carbon paper and

Polishing of floor and leather ect.

Can replace the usage of Carneuba wax which isimported from other countries for the abovepurpose.


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Rice bran of huller mills

Paddy(100) Huller mill

Husk+bran (35)

Milled rice (65)

7-8% of oil content


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Paddy

(100)

Impurities (1-6%)

Husk (20-22%)

Milled rice

(aver. 70%)

Bran (3-8%)

(aver. 5%)

Head rice

Broken rice

Rice bran

of sheller mills

Raw bran15-20% oil

Parboiled 20-25% oil


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Stabilization of rice bran

By dry heat treatment

By steam cooking

By chemical treatment

Lipase enzyme is more active at ph 7


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Proximate analysis and content of chemicals-Paddy and

milling fractions%

Nutrient Paddy Brownrice

Milled

rice

Husk bran Germ

Protein 6 7-8 6.5 2.4 13.0 17

Fat 1.4 2.2 0.4 0.4 18.0 18

Fiber 9 0.8 0.3 4.0 9.0 6

Thiamine

g/g

2.6-3.3 2.9-6.1 0.2-1.1 0.9-2.1 12-24 17-59


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Microelements (g/g at 14% moisture)

Hull Bran Embryo Polish

Aluminium 52 200 - -

Chlorine 860 66 1200 -

Cobalt - - - 0.05

Copper 30-39 9-34 9-34 5-26

Iron 39-95 86-430 60-180 43-155

Manganese 100-290 95-230 91-120 -

Sodium 67-826 71-335 139-636 tr.-138

Tin - 21 - -

Zinc 9-40 43-258 57-258 17-60
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Range of vitamin content (g/g at 14% moisture)

of rice byproducts

Vitamin Hull Bran Embryo Polish

Retinol

(Vit.A)

0 0-3.6 0-1.0 0-0.9

Thiamine(B1)

0.9-2.1 12-24 17-59 3-19

Riboflavin

(B2)

0.5-0.7 1.8-4.3 1.7-4.3 1.7-2.4

Niacin

(Nicotinic acid)

16-42 267-499 28-83 224-389

Pyridoxine

(B6)

-- 9-28 13-15 9-27

Panthothenic

acid

-- 20-61 11-28 26-56


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Use of rice bran as animal feed

Products PER value

Bran protein 1.8-1.9

Germ protein 2.0

Wheat 1.0

Maize 1.2

Ground nut 1.7

Rice 1.9

Cows milk 2.5

Egg 3.8


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Use of rice bran as animal feed

Limitations for use of rice bran in composite

feed

High amount of fibre

High amount of unsaturated fat

Presence of calcium and phosphorus in

undesirable proportion

High amount of phytinSome times too much sand silica

Variable composition


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Limitations for usage of bran for

animal feed

Non Ruminants

(Single stomach animals)

Ruminants

Fibrecontent

Up to 6% Up to 35%

Oil

content

The higher unsaturated oil content

prevents its use in unlimitedproportion in animal rations.

Sand

silica

Not more than 4%


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Other limitations in using rice bran

More variation in composition of raw

material

Chemical unstability

Fat hydrolysis cause raise in FFA

Oxidation will lead to undesirable cpds.

And bitter taste to bran


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HUSK ASH

Availability - 3-5 MT

Cyclone furnace - White ashStep grate furnace - Black ash


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Rice Husk Uses

Husk Fuel

Gaseous fuel

Husk briquette

Silicon tetra chloride

Husk board

Furfural

Husk Ash Carrier for biofertilizer

organisms

Sodium silicate

Activated carbon


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Black ash


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Utilization

As carrier for Biofertilizer

Alternate for Lignite / coal

Easy powdering

Easy availability

Higher water holding capacity

Easy mixing with culture broth


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THANK YOU

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Rice Mill By-Product Utilization by S.Sulochana