RG000004 CDMA1X Traffic Measurement Analysis ISSUE2.1

7/30/2019 RG000004 CDMA1X Traffic Measurement Analysis ISSUE2.1

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RG000004 CDMA1X Traffic

Measurement AnalysisISSUE 2.1

Wireless Case and Training Department



内部资料注意保密 2

The network is optimized based on the data of

traffic measurement and driver test. Through

these data, you can learn about the network

performance.

Through the traffic management specifications,

you can judge whether the network optimization is

effective or not.

Carriers pay much attention on the specifications

of traffic measurement specifications. They canlearn about the running status of the network

through the specifications and expand the

network capacity based on the specifications.




Related Documents

BSC Performance Measurement Point Guide

CDMA 1x Traffic Measurement Analysis Guide

CDMA 1x Traffic Measurement Analysis Guide

V3.0 (CS part)




Objective

After learning this course, you can know the

following:

Architecture of the traffic measurement

system

Common methods used in traffic

measurement analysis

Common evaluation KPIs




Chapter 1 Architecture of the Traffic

Measurement System

Chapter 2 Process of Traffic Measurement

Analysis

Chapter 3 Common Evaluation KPIs




Chapter 1 Architecture of the Traffic Measurement System

Host BAMSenior Network

Management

M2000

Traffic measurement system in database mode

The host sends all performance specification data to the back administration module

(BAM) every 30 minutes.

The BAM performance server module receives and stores performance data.

The BAM provides the performance data according to the requirements of the

M2000.a


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7

For the BSC versions that are later than the C03, the performance measurement of the

BSC supports traffic measurement in database mode.

The host enables all its performance specifications and reports them every 30 minutes to

the BAM.

The BSC backs up and clears performance data.

The performance data can be backed up automatically or manually.

The host clears its buffered data over a certain period.

The BAM clears its buffered data over a month.



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8

Organizational model of performance measurement system

Measurement set: To measure the performance, you can

measure the accumulative number of the counter. You can use

several counters to measure a functional item of the system.

Measurement item: Use the measurement items to describe the

relevant events of the system and analysis the measurement

items.

Measurement Object 2

...

Measurement Set

Measurement Object 1

M e a s u r e m e n t i t e m 1












Question

What is the architecture and working principles of the traffic

measurement system?





Measurement System


Analysis






Analysis

Section 1 Preparation

Section 2 Analysis Method

Section 3 Other Assistant Methods




Chapter 2 Process of Traffic Measurement Analysis

Make sure that the base station can work normally and the hardware and antenna

feeder are correctly installed.

Make sure that versions of BSC and BTS and the design of the network are correct

and can match. Before analyzing the traffic, you must be familiar with the changes in

traffic measurement performance of the current versions of BSC and BTS.

Check whether the sensitive radio functions are enabled. The functions such as

loading control, especial handoff parameter and especial channel allocation algorithm

are disabled by default.

Preparation





Analysis







Analyzing systematically

Check the BSC performance measurement specifications to learn about

the running status of the network, and then analyze the sector

frequency performance statistics.

During the analysis, do not regard one specification to be independent.

One specification can be relevant to many other specifications.

Using exclusion method

Find out the cell where the specifications indicate exceptions. Then,

exclude irrelevant reasons. The exception can be caused by version,

hardware, transmission, antenna feeder, data parameter and so on.

Analyzing macroscopically

When optimizing the network, compare the data after the optimization

with that before the optimization. It can take you a long time to observe

the effects of the optimization.

Analysis method






Analysis








Apart from the traffic measure analysis that is an important

part of the network optimization analysis, many other

methods are used.

Traffic

measurement

analysis

Network

optimization

analysis

Other methods

Driver test

Alarm analysis

Interference test

CSL analysis

RFMT analysis

Signalingtracing

Other assistant methods




Question

In network optimization, why does it take a long time for you

to observe the optimization effects? What are the methods

used in traffic measurement analysis?





Measurement System


Analysis






Traffic measurement is an important method used by carriers

to learn about the information about a network. Different

carriers pay attention to different evaluation key performance

indexes (KPIs). The following are the common evaluation KPIs:

Call setup ratio

Call drop ratio

Congestion ratio

Traffic

SHO success ratio

HHO success ratio



Ch 3 C E l i KPI





Causes of the call setup failure

Measurem

ent Unit

Specification Type Description Unit

Causes of

the CS call

setup

failure

Number of the A1 interface

failuresCalculation item

Indicates number of the A1 interface failures due to not receiving the

Assignment Request message in the call access process.Time

Number of the call resource

assignment failuresCalculation item

Indicates the number of failures of the process that the BSC applies for

needed call resources.

All the failures in the period after the CCM module of the BSC receives the

Assignment Request message from the MSC and before the CCM module

sends the ECAM message are regarded as the failures of call resource

assignment.

Time

Number of failures of

acquiring reverse TCH

preambles

Calculation item

Indicates the number of the situations that, after sending the extended

channel assignment message, the BSC does not receive the reverse TCH

Preamble message in the call access process.

Time

Number of layer 2

handshake failure timesCalculation item

Indicates the number of the situations that, after acquiring the TCH

Preamble message and sending the BS Ack Order message to the mobile

phone, the BSS does not receives the reverse MS Ack Order message in

the call access process.

Time

Number of serviceconnection failures

Calculation item

Indicates the number of the situations that, after sending the Service

Connect message, the BSC does not receive the Service Connect

Complete message in the call access process.

Time

Number of TCH signaling

exchange failuresCalculation item

Indicates number of the call setup failures occur during the period after the

BSC receives the reverse TCH Preamble message and before the BSC

sends the Assignment Complete to the MSC in the call access process.

Time

Ch t 3 C E l ti KPI




The denominator

includes the number

of the HHO

successes.


Call drop rate = [number of call drops/(number of call setup successes +

number of inter-BS HHO successes)] *100% Excellent ratio for a city: <= 1% Eligible ratio for a city: <= 1.5%

M S M S C B S

Assignment Complete

… …

… …

Call setup or HHO succeeds

Call in progress

A

BSC acquires

call drop

information

Call release

Call drop ratio

Ch t 3 C E l ti KPI





Causes of the call dropsMeasurement

UnitSpecification Type Description Unit

Causes of CS call

drops

Number of call drops (too many

Erasure frames)

Calculationitem

Indicates the number of the call drops due to too many Erasure in

the circuit service (CS).Time

Number of call drops (No reverse

frame received )

Calculation

item

Indicates the number of the call drops due to not receiving the

reverse frames in the CS.Time

Number of call drops (Abis interface

abnormal )

Calculation

item

Indicates the number of the call drops due to abnormal Abis

interface in the CS.

The causes of the abnormal Abis interface can be faults in the

following:

BTS resources

Abis link resources

SDU resources

Other device resources relevant to the BSC

Time

Number of call drops (A2 interface

abnormal )

Calculation

item Indicates the number of call drops due to abnormal A interface. Time

Number of call drops (other causes)Calculation

itemIndicates the number of call drops due to other causes. Time

Number of call drops (HHO failure) )-

IS95/IS2000Original item

Indicates the number of call drops caused by the reason that the

BSC waiting for the MS ACK ORD message from the MS times out

after hard handoff (HHO) failure in the IS95/IS2000 CS call service.

Time

Ch t 3 C E l ti KPI





Congestion ratio = (1 – number of TCH assignment successes/ number of TCH

assignment requests)*100%

Excellent ratio for a city: <= 0.5% Eligible ratio for a city: <= 1%

Origination Message

MS BSS MSC

CM Service Request

Assignment Request

IS-2000 TCH Setup

Procedure

Assignment Failure TCH

assignment

fails

TCH

assignment

request

Congestion ratio

Ch t 3 C E l ti KPI





Causes of the congestion

Measurement


Causes of the

congestion

Number of TCH assignment

failures (Walsh shortage)

Calculation

item

Indicates the number of TCH assignment

failures due to Walsh shortage.Time


failures (low forward power)

Calculation

item


failures due to low forward power.

Time


failures (low reverse power)

Calculation

item


failures due to low reverse power.Time


failures (channel shortage)

Calculation

item


failures due to shortage of channel

elopement (CE) resources.

Time


failures (other causes)

Calculation

item


failures due to other causes.Time

Ch t 3 C E l ti KPI




Traffic is a KPI that reflects the

capacity of the network.

Through the data about traffic,

you can judge whether capacity

expansion is needed.


TCH traffic density (excluding HO) = TCH seizure duration

(excluding HO)/(60*granularity period)

CE traffic density = CE seizure duration / (60*granularity period)

WALSH traffic density = WALSH seizure duration / (60*granularity

period)

The TCH traffic in this expression refers

to the actual user traffic and does not include the HO. The user

traffic density is the most important KPI to carriers.

The CE traffic in this expression does

not include the traffic of HHO.

The WALSH traffic in this expression

includes the traffic of HHO and SHO.

Traffic

Ch t 3 C E l ti KPI





SHO success ratio = (number of SHO successes)/(number of SHO requests)*100%

Excellent ratio for a city: >= 99% Eligible ratio for a city: >= 98%

SHO success ratio

BSC waiting for MS Ack Order times out

A

BS MSCMS

E

B

D

C

A

Handoff Performed

Reverse Traffic Channel Frames or Traffic Channel Preamble

Handoff Completion Message

BS Ack Order

Extended Handoff Direction Message

Null forward traffic channel frames

BS MSCMS

E

MS rejects MS Reject Order

MS accepts MS Ack Order

SOH is triggered

Apply for

resourcesB

In case of success:

In case of failure:

D

C

SHO request

SHO succeds

SHO failure due to rejection of MS

SHO failure due to abnormal radio interface

SHO failure due to unavailable radio resoures






Causes of the SHO failure

Measureme

nt Unit Specification Type Description Unit

Causes of the soft

hard failure

(SHO)

failure

Number of SHO failures (radio

resources unavailable)

Original

item

Indicates the number of SHO failures due to unavailable radio resources

in the target cell.Time

Number of SHO failures (requested Abis


Original

item

Indicates the number of SHO failures. The cause of the failure is that the

requested Abis resources are unavailable.Time

Number of SHO failures (radio interface

abnormal)

Original

itemIndicates the number of SHO failures due to abnormal radio interface. Time

Number of SHO failures (MS rejected )Original

itemIndicates the number of SHO failures due to MS rejected.

Time

Number of SHO failures (other causes)

Original

itemIndicates the number of SHO failures due to other causes. Time

Number of inter-BS SHO failures (A3

link setup failed)

Original

item

Indicates the number of inter-BS SHO failures. The cause of the failure

is that setting up the A3 link failed.

Time

The SHO can occur inter-BSC and intra-BSC. The failure of the A3 link setup can cause the failure of the inter-BSC SHO but is

not a reason for the failure of the intra-BSC.






HHO success ratio = (number of HHO successes)/(number of HHO requests) *100%

Excellent ratio for a city: >= 90% Eligible ratio for a city: >= 8 5%

HHO success ratio

E

MS accepts MS Ack Order

Target BSC aquires Preamble

A

Handoff Performed

Reverse Traffic Channel Frames or Traffic Channel Preamble

Handoff Completion Message

BS Ack Order

Extended Handoff Direction Message

Null forward traffic channel frames

BS MSCMS

E

MS rejects MS Reject Order

HHO is triggered

Apply for resources

B

In case of success:

In case of failure:

D

C

Target BSC waiting for Preamble times out

HHO request

HHO succeeds

HHO failure due to MS not detected by destination pilot

HHO failure due to unavailable radio resoures

HHO failure due to unavailable radio resoures






Causes of the intra-BSC HHO failure and the inter-BSC HO

Measurement


Causes of the

HHO failure

Number of HHO failures (radio


Original item Indicates the number of HHO failures due

to unavailable radio resources.Time

Number of HHO failures (requested

terrestrial resources unavailable)

Original itemIndicates the number of HHO failures

when requested terrestrial resources are

unavailable.

Time

Number of HHO failures (returned to

original channel)Original item

Indicates the number of HHO failures

when the MS HO failed to enter the target

cell and stayed at the original cell.

Time

Number of HHO failures (MS rejected) Original itemIndicates the number of HHO failures due

to MS rejected.Time

Number of HHO failures (MS Not

detected by destination pilot) Original item

Indicates the number of HHO failures.

The cause is that the MS is not detectedby the destination pilot.

Time

Number of HHO failures (other causes) Original itemIndicates the number of HHO failures due

to other reasons.Time






Causes of the inter-BSC HO failure

Measurem

ent Unit Specification Type Description Unit

Causes

of the

HHO

failure

Number of HHO failures (resource

assignment failure)

Original

item

Indicates the number of inter-BS HO

failures in a carrier due to resource

assignment failures at the target BSC.

Time

Number of HHO failures (HO execution

failure)

Original

item


failures in a carrier due to HO execution.

Time

Number of HHO failures (HO Interrupted

by MSC)

Original

item


failures in a carrier. The cause of the failure

is that the HO process is interrupted by the

MSC.

Time

Number of HHO failures (others)Original

item


failures in a carrier due to other causes.Time






Specification Description

Paging usage ratio

Indicates the ratio that the BSC receives Paging Request

messages from the MSC to the Paging Response

messages from the BSC to the MSC .

PCH usage ratio Indicates the PCH usage ratio of a carrier.

ACH usage ratio Indicates the ACH usage ratio of a carrier.

Transmit power of a

carrier Indicates the transmit power of a carrier (including the

transmit power on common control channels and TCH)

Main and diversity

RSSI

Indicates the average of received signal strength

indicator (RSSI) values of carriers (in the main and

diversity operation)

Carrier forward and

reverse loadingIndicates the carrier forward and reverse loading

Common reference specifications in network optimization

You need to pay

attention on the

paging successration at the MSC.

The values of these

specifications refer to

the average values in

measurement period.

They are for your

reference only.

Question




Question

In the traffic measurement, what are the relations betweenthe three kinds of traffic?

In network optimization, which specifications are paid more

attention? What are the definitions of those specifications?

Summary




Summary

This course describes the following:

Architecture of the traffic

measurement system Process and remarks of traffic

measurement analysis

Description and analysis of the

common evaluation KPIs



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