RFID Applications Oil & Gas Industry

The Oil & Gas RFID Solution Group (OGR) Educating and refining the customers understanding of what the technology

can do for them. Developing systems with the help of a consolidated effort of industry

professionals. Generate understanding and adoption of Radio Frequency Identification

within the Industry.

22 Oil & Gas RFID SMEs 5 PhDs 3 MBAs Strategic Advisors to:

• Microsoft RFID Council • EPC Global Standards Action

Group BP Chief Technology Office

SME Advisor

135+ Case Studies Global Customer Footprint

• BP • Shell • Aera Energy • Qatar Petroleum • Saudi Aramco • FMC Technologies • Halliburton • Weir SPM …etc

Konrad Konarski Eng. MBA

Sam Falsafi CS, MBA.

Co-Founders Support Staff

. etc

Field Experience

Oil & Gas RFID Solution Group

Line-Of-Sight: Why GPS alone does not work Native to most complex oil field facilities is poor GPS quality. Metallic structure often obstruct the GPS satellite constellations to a degree where either there is no signal lock or the signal lock is limited to satellite geometries that are too dense for accurate location resolution.

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Obstructed-Line-of-Sight (ex: Unit 3)

Clear Line Of Sight

Multipathing / Attenuation : Why RFID Technology Selection is Important?

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Fluctuating GPS GPS signal within a dense metallic environment will experience fluctuating DOP values over short periods of time and/or short movement intervals. Primarily due to multipath fading

At a Glace: Line-of-Sight/ Multipathing / Attenuation

Low Lying Dense Pipe Trays These trays provide line-of-sight obstruction to GPS signals. Unlikely elevated pipe trays that can still enable low-elevation satellite locks. These low-lying trays are challenging obstruction for GPS signals.

At a Glace: Line-of-Sight/ Multipathing / Attenuation

What is the Solution: Carefully Selected RFID /w or /wout GPS Capability

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Low-Lying Infrastructure

High-Lying Infrastructure

GPS Satellite Constellation

+ +

What does the Solution Do: System Components The technology is tailored to operate in the oil-field.

Tags/Badges have embedded sensor(s) to automatically detect falls, and panic push buttons for personnel. Tags/Badges certified to safely operate in flammable environments Readers certified to safely operate in flammable environments Software designed to address use-case(s) demanded of in oil-field

This is not something a Phone, GPS tracking device, or a Google Map software can do.

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Sample Badge Tag

Sample Desktop View

Sample Mobile Muster View

Detecting Unauthorized Workers

Detecting Worker Falls

Incident Investigation

What does the Solution Do: Sample Use-Cases

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Identifying Emergency Conditions

Performing Mustering Headcounts

What does the Solution Do: System Benefits The system will provide accurate and prompt location of personnel across

the facility along with additional telemetry/sensor information. This information can then be used, for example, to automatically provide headcounts during mustering and evacuation, assist in search and rescue, alert supervisors when certain violations have taken place.

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What does the Solution Do: How it Works Some systems will operate seamlessly between GPS and Active RTLS

location resolution depending if it has a good GPS signal lock or not. This hybrid solution allows us to minimize ‘Active RTLS’ hardware to only

those locations that need it, otherwise when in the open field GPS will suffice.

The location will be calculated and provided to the software engine that will then process it against a variety of business rules (our use cases).

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People Tracking – Outdoor Areas

ATEX SEAL ANTENNAS & READER

READERS

View ‘B’

View ’C’

RFID Receiver

B

Elevated View

C

A

View ’A’

People Tracking – Outdoor Areas

Software Visualizer Static 3D or Dynamic 3D Mapping of personnel

People Tracking – Outdoor Areas Mustering & Evacuation

Radio Frequency Identification Asset Management Hydraulic Fracturing

RFID provides not only a product identification but a quality control

certificate and historical record of the part as it moves throughout the value-

chain (from services center to yard, to iron trailer, to well).

Swivels

Plug Valves

Flow Line

Other Equipment

RFID Hydraulic Fracturing - Overview

Service Center Yard Well-Site

Tag Encode - Part Identification - Last Service Date - Multipoint wall thickness readings - Pressure Test Readings - Magnetic Particle Readings

Tag Read - Part ID - QA Passed - Service Dates

Tag Read/Encode - Fluid Flow Rate (E) - Fluid Type (E) - Safe for Service (R) - Part ID (R) - QA Passed (R)

RFID Hydraulic Fracturing – Overview (cont’d)

Tag Data Structure Part A: Hydraulic Fracturing Iron

Swivels Valves Line pipe Specialty parts

Service Center & Laydown Yard Unique Serial Identification Service Date Customer Location Customer Part # Manufacturer Part # Customer Serial Number Manufacturer Serial Number Manufacturer Product Type Size Style Connections Configuration Pressure Rating Test Pressure Test Duration Visual Visual Inspector VDate (xx/xx/xx) UT Wall Thickness UTInspector

Service Center & Laydown Yard (cont’d) UTDate (xx/xx/xx) AInspector ADate (xx/xx/xx) Magnetic Particle Magnetic Inspector MDate (xx/xx/xx) Pressure Pinspector PDate (month/day/year) Paint PaInspector PaDate (month/day/year) Final FInspector FDate (month/day/year) Inspection Points A-O (Actual) Inspection Points A-O (Min.) Inspection Points A-O (New) Bin-Id Put-Away Date

Service Center & Laydown Yard (cont’d) Caliper Serial UT Meter Serial MPI Equip Serial Pressure Gauge Serial "No-Go" Gauge Kit Serial Pressure Recorder Serial Well-Site Well-Site(s) ID Fluid Type: Rate: Duration General Configuration (Pump:Manifold / Manifold:Well) Specific Configuration (Sequence)

Tag Data Structure Part A: Hydraulic Fracturing Iron

Service Center & Laydown Yard Unique Serial Identification Service Date Customer Location Customer Part # Manufacturer Part # Customer Serial Number Manufacturer Serial Number Manufacturer Product Type Size Style Connections Configuration Pressure Rating Test Pressure Test Duration Visual Visual Inspector VDate (xx/xx/xx) UT Wall Thickness UTInspector

Service Center & Laydown Yard (cont’d) UTDate (xx/xx/xx) AInspector ADate (xx/xx/xx) Magnetic Particle Magnetic Inspector MDate (xx/xx/xx) Pressure Pinspector PDate (month/day/year) Paint PaInspector PaDate (month/day/year) Final FInspector FDate (month/day/year) Inspection Points A-O (Actual) Inspection Points A-O (Min.) Inspection Points A-O (New) Bin-Id Put-Away Date

Service Center & Laydown Yard (cont’d) Caliper Serial UT Meter Serial MPI Equip Serial Pressure Gauge Serial "No-Go" Gauge Kit Serial Pressure Recorder Serial Well-Site Well-Site(s) ID Fluid Type: Rate: Duration General Configuration (Pump:Manifold / Manifold:Well) Specific Configuration (Sequence)

Size of Data-fields Importance/Priority of Data-Fields Performance Considerations User/Process Considerations

Part A: Hydraulic Fracturing Iron

Size of Data-fields Importance of Data-Fields Performance Considerations User/Process Considerations

Raw Data: A2EF 2234 EEFF 4542 AC22 BB98 ….

Unique Serial Identification = 1100003 Service Date = 12/12/2010 Customer = Exxon Location = Houston, Texas Customer Part # = 42221442

ETC.

DATA-STRUCTURE & DATA STANDARDS

Tag Data Structure

Part A: Hydraulic Fracturing Iron

Example:

Service & Inspection Performed

Visual = OK! Visual Inspector = Mr. Smith VDate (xx/xx/xx) = 12/12/2010 UT Wall Thickness = OK! UTInspector = Mr. Smith UTDate (xx/xx/xx) = 12/12/2010 Inspection Points A-O (New) = …

Unique Serial Identification = 2342112 Last Service Date = 01/12/2010 Customer = Company X Inspection Points A-O (Actual) = … Inspection Points A-O (Min.) = …

Read / Download Write / Upload

Tag Data Structure

Part A: Hydraulic Fracturing Iron

Example (cont’d):

Unique Serial Identification = 2342112 Last Service Date = 12/12/2010 Customer = Company X Inspection Points A-O (Actual) = … Read / Download

Servicing = OK! Wall Thickness = OK Safe to Use for this Site!

Tag Data Structure

There is a critical need to define Hydraulic Fracturing specific requirements for RFID equipment. The goal of these standards is not to re-invent the “wheel”. These additions do not conflict with existing ISO or EPC standards but append them with critical specifications that are necessary for Hydraulic Fracturing. An RFID tag is composed of several distinguishable components that require special attention . These components include:

Integrated Circuit (IC) Bonding of IC to Antenna The Antenna Encasement (Form Factor) Attachment

DESIGNED FOR

Impact Corrosion Vibration Metallic Reflection Ease-of-Use Readability

Hardware Standards

The Integrated Circuit / The IC to Antenna Bond

Integrated Circuit

Integrated Circuit To Antenna Bond

Frac-Iron is interconnected to

Pumps

Environmental Challenge: High velocity vibration of non-dampened pumps used to pump fluid through the iron

<transition from top to bottom>

Hardware Standards

The Integrated Circuit / The IC to Antenna Bond

Environmental Challenge: High velocity vibration of non-dampened pumps used to pump fluid through the iron

.VS.

SOLDER BONDING

FLIP-CHIP or

CHIP EPOXY BONDING or

CHIP STRAP ADHESIVE TO ANTENNA

Solder Bonding address the need to assure that the integrated circuit stay attached to the antenna

Broken IC to Antenna Bond NO RF Energy to Integrated Circuit

Hardware Standards

Hardware Standards

The Integrated Circuit / The IC to Antenna Bond

Environmental Challenge: High velocity vibration of non-dampened pumps used to pump fluid through the iron

.VS.

PACKAGED Integrated Circuit

Vibration, Heat and Impact can dislodge unpackaged ICS and corrupt tag memory

Size comparison Standard Unpackaged Integrated Circuit

Joint-By-Joint Control

Where are tools? Where is tool-joint? Relative to Shear Rams

A quick glance: RFID for drill pipe

THANK YOU