Revolutions 3/18/13 http://mrmilewski.com

• OBJECTIVE: First day of school administrative stuff.

• I. Welcome Back • II. Attendance• III. Distribution of:

-syllabus-textbooks

• IV. Homework

Last name, First name 03-224

• New text

Course Outline• Unit I – Italy (Renaissance Reformation, & Modern

Italy)• Unit II – Spain & Portugal (Exploration, New World,

and Modern Iberia)• Unit III – United Kingdom (Colonization,

Mercantilism, and Modern Britain)• Unit IV – France (Enlightenment, Revolution, and

Modern France)• Unit V – Germany (Industrialization, World Wars, and

Modern Germany)• Unit VI – Russia (Communism and Modern Russia)

Important Stuff• Web-site:• http://mrmilewski.com

• Homework Due Monday 3/25/131.) Syllabus signed and returned2.) Read Ch#14 sec#1 p.342-349 -Answer questions (1-7)* p.3493.) Read Ch#14 sec#2 p.349-353 -Answer questions (1-7)* p.3534.) Read Ch#14 sec#3 353-357 -Answer questions (1-7)* p.357 *Pick 4 questions of your choice

Revolutions 3/19/13http://mrmilewski.com

• OBJECTIVE: Examine the beginnings of the Renaissance. MCSS:4.3.5

• I. Journal #1 pt. A-Read “The story about Michelangelo” p.342-Who was Michelangelo?

II. Journal #1 pt. B-notes on the Renaissance (14.1)

• III. Homework due Monday 3/25/131.) Syllabus signed and returned2.) Read Ch#14 sec#1 p.342-349 -Answer questions (1-7)* p.3493.) Read Ch#14 sec#2 p.349-353 -Answer questions (1-7)* p.3534.) Read Ch#14 sec#3 353-357 -Answer questions (1-7)* p.357*Pick 4 questions of your choice

Renaissance• Means rebirth, or revival• It began in Northern Italy in the 1300’s and

spread across Europe.• It was a period of vigorous artistic and

intellectual activity.• It produced a new attitude toward learning.• This supported an adventurous spirit and led to

the voyages of discovery and the scientific revolution that completely changed the way the universe was viewed.

• A Renaissance thinker was well versed in many fields of study (liberal arts)

Liberal Arts• The Liberal Arts were divided

into the Trivium ("the three roads") and the Quadrivium ("the four roads").

• The Trivium consisted of:• Grammar • Rhetoric • Logic • The Quadrivium consisted of:• Arithmetic -- Number in itself • Geometry -- Number in space • Music, Harmonics, or Tuning

Theory -- Number in time • Astronomy or Cosmology --

Number in space and time

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal_arts

Why Italy?• Italy was the home of the center of ancient

Rome, it made sense that it started there.• Plenty of ruins of the “Empire” to study• Northern Italian cities had survived the

Middle Ages.• These cities grew rich from trade.• These wealth merchants supported

education & individual achievement.

Florence

•

• By the 1400’s, the Medici family in Florence had gain great wealth & influence. (Bankers)

• They were great patrons of the arts, especially Lorenzo.• The Ponte Vecchio and the Arno River in Florence, Italy.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Ponte_vecchio-arno-florence-np.jpg

Florence• Niccolò di Bernardo dei

Machiavelli 1469-1527 was a political philosopher, musician, poet, and romantic comedic playwright. He is most widely known for his treatises on political theory. The Prince.

• It was written for the instruction of the Medici after they had just regained power.

• The end justifies the means.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Macchiavelli01.jpg

The Prince• Contents • Introduction • Dedication • Chapter I: How Many Kinds of Principlaities There are, and by What means they are Acquired • Chapter II: Concerning Hereditary Principalities • Chapter III: Concerning Mixed Principalities • Chapter IV: Why The Kingdom of Darius, Conquered by Alexander, Did Not Rebel Against The Successors of

Alexander At His Death • Chapter V: Concerning The Way To Govern Cities Or Principalities Which Lived Under Their Own Laws Before

They Were Annexed • Chapter VI: Concerning New Principalities Which Are Acquired by One's Own Arms And Ability • Chapter VII: Concerning New Principalities Which Are Acquired Either by The Arms of Others Or by Good

Fortune • Chapter VIII: Concerning Those Who Have Obtained A Principality by Wickedness • Chapter IX:Concerning A Civil Principality • Chapter X: Concerning The Way In Which The Strength of All Principalities Ought To Be Measured Chapter XI:

Concerning Ecclesiastical Principalities Chapter XII: How Many Kinds of Soldiery There Are, And Concerning Mercenaries

• Chapter XIII: Concerning Auxiliaries, Mixed Soldiery, And One's Own • Chapter XIV: That Which Concerns A Prince On The Subject of The Art of War • Chapter XV: Concerning Things For Which Men, And Especially Princes, Are Praised Or Blamed • Chapter XVI: Concerning Liberality And Meanness • Chapter XVII: Concerning Cruelty And Clemency, And Whether It Is Better To Be Loved Than Feared • Chapter XVIIII [*]: Concerning The Way In Which Princes Should Keep Faith

Chapter XIX: That One Should Avoid Being Despised And HatedChapter XX: Are Fortresses, And Many Other Things To Which Princes often Resort, Advantageous Or Hurtful?

• Chapter XXI: How A Prince Should Conduct Himself So As To Gain Renown • Chapter XXII: Concerning The Secretaries of Princes • Chapter XXIII: How Flatterers Should Be Avoided • Chapter XXIV: Why The Princes of Italy Have Lost Their States • Chapter XXV: What Fortune Can Effect In Human Affairs And How To Withstand Her • Chapter XXVI: An Exhortation To Liberate Italy From The Barbarians

Humanism• Intellectual movement based on the study

of worldly subjects rather than on the religious issues that had occupied medieval scholars.

• Were the promoters of education (liberal arts)

• The Greats: Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael, Donatello.

Revolutions 3/20/13http://mrmilewski.com• OBJECTIVE: Examine the spread of the Renaissance.

MCSS:4.3.5• I. Journal #2 pt. A

-Examine the painting on p.346-How does Renaissance art compare to medieval art?

• II. Crash Course in World History#22• III. Journal #2 pt. B

-notes on the Renaissance moving North (14.2)

• IV. Homework due Monday 3/25/131.) Syllabus signed and returned2.) Read Ch#14 sec#1 p.342-349 -Answer questions (1-7)* p.3493.) Read Ch#14 sec#2 p.349-353 -Answer questions (1-7)* p.3534.) Read Ch#14 sec#3 353-357 -Answer questions (1-7)* p.357*Pick 4 questions of your choice

Renaissance moves North • Italy recovered from the

Black Death (The Plague) faster than northern Europe. For that reason, it took the Renaissance 100 years to make it North.

• Flemish painters (Netherlands, Belgium) used Italian techniques in art p.350

• Painting in the North are usually darker.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Bubonic_plague_map.PNG/250px-Bubonic_plague_map.PNG

Northern Humanists• Stresses the liberal arts, but also stressed religious themes.• They used the classics to bring about religious & moral

reforms.• Desiderius Erasmus – (Dutch) created a better translation of

the Latin New Testament (New Testament was written in Greek)

• He also called for the Bible to be translated into vernacular (language of each people)

• Sir Thomas More – (English) pushed for economic & social reforms.

• He called for an elimination of private property (Communist?)

Renaissance Literature• Shakespeare – (English)

Tons of commentaries on love, history, rivalries, etc…

• Cervantes - (Spanish) Don Quixote mocks the romantic notions of medieval chivalry.

• The Printing Press made the works of Renaissance authors available to the masses along with the writings of the ancients.

• Books became cheap and Europeans were exposed to new ideas.

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Europe_map_1648.PNG/250px-Europe_map_1648.PNG&imgrefurl=http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/User:Eloquence/bee&h=180&w=250&sz=42&hl=en&start=11&um=1&tbnid=g0JMdvlE_yrIWM:&tbnh=80&tbnw=111&prev=/images%3Fq%3Drenaissance%2Bin%2BNothern%2BEurope%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dactive%26rls%3DGGLG,GGLG:2005-29,GGLG:en%26sa%3DN

The Protestant Reformation• Protestant = protest• Reformation= reform• The goal of the Protestant Reformation

was to protest the authority of the pope and the Roman Catholic Church and reform the Christian religion.

Martin Luther• Martin Luther was a

German priest who was critical of the selling of indulgences.

• What is an indulgence?

• An indulgence is a pardon of sins sold by the Church.

Luther’s 95 Issues• In 1517, Martin Luther nailed

a list of 95 questions to the door of the Wittenberg castle church.

• In these 95 questions, know as theses, he condemned the sale of indulgences.

• Because of the printing press, his 95 theses spread quickly and Luther found himself to be in the middle of a religious debate. http://www.flholocaustmuseum.org/history_wing/assets/room1/martinlutherpaint.jpg

Luther Believed• People could not achieve salvation through good

works (like giving money to the Church) but only through God’s mercy.

• He believed that the Bible and individual conscience outweighed the authority of the Church.

• He rejected several of the Churches ceremonies.• Luther’s teachings sparked the Protestant

Reformation

Other Reformers• John Calvin (Calvinism)

Geneva, Switzerland• Calvin believed in

predestination. It is the belief that God has decided in advance who was getting into heaven or going to the other place.

• So, it didn’t matter what you did in life, you fate was already decided

http://www.piney.com/CalvinPort.gif

Henry VIII• Henry VIII (Anglican Church,

the Church of England) London, England

• Henry VIII broke with the Catholic Church when the Pope refused to annul, cancel, his marriage.

• Henry made himself the leader of the Church of England, granted himself a divorce, and adopted some Protestant beliefs.http://tudors.crispen.org/art/henry8_by_holbein.jpg

Religious Wars in Europe• The Catholic Church did respond to many

of the Protestant criticisms. (stopped selling indulgences).

• But, wars broke out between Catholic nations and Protestant nations. So did civil wars between Protestants and Catholics.

Revolutions 3/21/13http://mrmilewski.com

• OBJECTIVE: Examine The Way We Are. MCSS:4.4.1• I. Administrative Stuff

-Attendance

• II. The Day the Universe Changed-questions on episode#1 “The Way We Are”

• III. Homework due Monday1.) Syllabus signed and returned2.) Read Ch#14 sec#1 p.342-349 -Answer questions (1-7)* p.3493.) Read Ch#14 sec#2 p.349-353 -Answer questions (1-7)* p.3534.) Read Ch#14 sec#3 353-357 -Answer questions (1-7)* p.357*Pick 4 questions of your choice

Revolutions 3/22/13 http://mrmilewski.com

• OBJECTIVE: Examine the concepts related to Fundamental Economic Concepts. MCSS:5.3.5

• I. Chapter#14 Guided ReadingsComplete the following activities due today!

-Chapter#14 section#2 Guided Reading

-Chapter#14 section#3 Guided Reading

• II. Short Film-Eighteenth Admendment

Due Monday• 1.) Syllabus signed and returned• 2.) Read Ch#14 sec#1 p.342-349

-Answer questions (1-7)* p.349• 3.) Read Ch#14 sec#2 p.349-353

-Answer questions (1-7)* p.353• 4.) Read Ch#14 sec#3 353-357

-Answer questions (1-7)* p.357• *Pick 4 questions of your choice