Revoltuions Workbook - Grants Pass School District€¦ · Web viewCoincides with the Scientific Revolution. ... _____ had divided the world into two groups. The 2 ... Communism

Revolutions Workbook

Name: _____________________________ Per. # _____

Unit 3 Test Date:________________

Workbook Score Unit Overview Score

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Revolutions Unit OverviewThe French RevolutionKey Terms 1. The Enlightenment

2. Social Contract

3. Rationalism

4. Natural Law

5. Absolute Monarchs

6. Dec. of the Rights of Man and Citizen

7. 1st, 2nd , and 3rd Estates

8. Tennis Court Oath

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9. The Bastille

10. The Terror

11. Guillotine

Key Concepts1. What were the major motivations behind the French Revolution?

2. What were the different social groups involved in the French Revolution? What did each group hope to gain/maintain?

3. Describe the use of violence in the French Revolution. Was is successful, explain the positives and negatives of the bloodshed.

The Russian Revolution3

Key Terms1. Marxism

2. Communism

3. Bloody Sunday

4. Proletariat/ Bourgeoisie

5. Bolsheviks

6. Cult of Personality

Key Concepts1. What were the major motivations behind the Russian Revolution?

2. Compare Capitalism and Communism, how are they similar how they different?

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3. What were the different social groups involved in the Russian Revolution? What did each group hope to gain/maintain?

4. What was the outcome of the Russian Revolution?

The Russian RevolutionKey Terms1. Nationalist

2. Great Leap Forward

3. Cultural Revolution

4. Red Guard

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5. Little Red Book

6. Four Olds

Key Concepts1. What were the major motivations behind the Chinese Revolution?

2. What were the different social groups involved in the Chinese Revolution? What did each group hope to gain/maintain?

3. What methods did Mao use to control the citizens of China?

Enlightenment Notes

Essential Question6

The Enlightenment

• Also known as the ______________________________• 1650’s – 1776 • Emphasizes analysis, reason, and __________________

• Coincides with the Scientific Revolution

• Use _____________ to make all decisions = Rationalism• Trust nothing, test everything

• Challenges Romanticism, Authority, and the

__________________________• Cogito Ergo Sum

What Spurred the Enlightenment?

• Availability of _________________ (including the Bible)• Printing Press (Ind. Rev. again!!)

• Increased ______________________ rates• Use of the scientific method

Enlightenment Ideas

• Social ___________________t Theory• Thomas Hobbs, Leviathan (1651), Jean Jacque

Rousseau• Governments and citizens have an unwritten

______________________• People willingly give up their individual

______________________ to live under the rules of a government who serves them

• If they no longer benefit the people, they should no longer give up their individual freedoms.

Enlightenment Ideas7

• Natural Rights / ________________________• John Locke (1689)• There are rights that we are given by __________

and no one can give or take them away, not even the king

• Life, _______________ , ___________________

Enlightenment Ideas

• The General ____________• Jean Jacque Rousseau• Laws are made to force all to act for the good of

___________________ and not the self, which is

then better for _____________ too.

Summary: Write 2-3 sentences answering the essential question.

Enlightenment Jigsaw

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What is the main point the author is making?

What is the author’s view on their current

government?

What is the author’s view on “equality” and

“fairness?”

What should government do for its

citizens?

Hobb

es: “

Levi

atha

n,”

page

20

Lock

e: “

On

Civi

l Gov

ernm

ent,”

pag

e 21

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What is the main point the author is making?

What is the author’s view on their current

government?

What is the author’s view on “equality” and

“fairness?”

What should government do for its

citizens?

Seco

ndat

and

Mon

tesq

uieu

: “Th

e Sp

irit o

f the

Law

s,” p

age

22

and

23Ro

usse

au: “

The

Soci

al C

ontr

act,”

pag

e 24

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TOPIC/OBJECTIVE:

CONTENT/CLASS:

NAME:

CLASS PERIOD:

DATE:

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS:

INTERACTIONS: NOTES:

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SUMMARY:

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The Enlightenment Guided ReadingDangerous Minds: The Enlightenment and Politics

1. How did people’s focus and faith change as a result of the enlightenment?

A Tale of Two Enlightenments : Pages 7-11

2. What was the core belief of the French Enlightenment?

3. Whom, did the Enlightenment, put faith in? Whom did it not have faith in?

4. How was God portrayed according to deists like Voltaire?

5. According to Enlightenment thinkers, how could the problems in humanity be solved?

6. What did the philosopher Hume believe about human reason?

7. What did Enlightenment thinkers believe about human nature?

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Nasty Brute or Tabula Rasa? Human Nature and the State: Page 14

8. According to John Locke, what natural rights did all humans possess?

9. What was at the root of the concept of natural law?

10. What was Thomas Hobbes core belief about all people?

11. How was John Locke’s view of humans different from Hobbes’?

12. According to Locke, what obligation did rulers have? How should citizens respond if the rulers fail to meet those obligations?

13. How did Montesquieu think you fix the problem of power corrupting leadership?

14. What did Rousseau believe about truth?

15. According to Rousseau, who should raise children?

16. What did Rousseau believe about the ability to reason? Who was closes the nature and what was naturally right?

17. What did Rousseau’s Social Contract inspire long after his death?

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Backdrop to the Revolution Notes

Essential Question

Early French History

France formed around ______________o Bourbon Dynasty begins in 1272

o Grew in _____________over the yearso As new provinces were added each had a unique __________ and

___________ structure Most laws favored the _________ and wealthy landowner

18th Century French Economy

Nearly all of the 70,000 government offices were ________________

Most wealthy elite had ____________ exemptions Mismanagement of money left France in massive ____________

o Spent money lavishly in order to look financially ______________

18th Century French Society

France was divided up into 3 _______________

o 1st Estate: ___________ “Those Who Prayed” Made up of the clergy 1% of the population Controlled about _________ of the land

o 2nd Estate: _________ “Those Who Fought” Made up of the nobility

About ___________ of the population Owned 25% of the land

Most ___________________ their titles However, most enjoyed both privileges and wealth ($$$).

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o 3rd Estate: Commoners/Peasants “Those Who Worked”

Made up of the ___________________ people About 90-97% of the population

Owned about _____________ of the land INCLUDES :

Doctors and_____________ Shopkeepers The urban poor

The _____________ Bourgeoisie

Growing discontentment about the state of France

o ______________________ Laws differed by class and by location

o _______________________ Poorer citizens could be forces to buy or sell goods at a set

price

Private agencies were hired to collect ________________ Often “shook down” rural peasants

o ______________ Appeared ______________________ from French citizens The Palace at Versailles was created to draw wealthy out of

Paris to “______________” over the King


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History Channel – The French Revolution DocumentaryWatch the introduction. There are no questions over this portion. It lasts about 3:30 minutes.Political Alliances

1. Why did Louis XIV build Versailles outside the city limits of Paris?

2. How old was Louis XVI when he married?

3. Why did Louis and Marie marry?

4. Is Marie Antoinette interested in political affairs?

5. What is life like outside the gates of Versailles?

The Age of Enlightenment1. France was broken into how many classes?

2. What new philosophical movement is sweeping through Europe during this time?

3. Who did Louis XIV support in the war against Great Britain?

4. What factors caused France to go bankrupt?

Madame Deficit1. What did Marie like to do in her spare time?

2. What was her nickname?

3. What food was at the heart of the French diet?

Financial Crisis1. The cost of what product skyrockets under Louis’s miss management of the

economy?

2. Louis is advised by Jacques Necker to to call a meeting of what organization?

3. What percentage did the first two estates makeup? _______The 3rd estate? ______

4. Robespierre represents members of which estate?

5. What happens on the handball court on June 20th?

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6. What is the name of the oath they take at this location?

7. What does the 3rd estate rename themselves?

To the Bastille1. Where do the people go for gunpowder?

2. What does each color of the flag represent? RED & BLUE: ______________________WHITE:_________________

3. What “gross” revolutionary tradition is born out of the fall of the Bastille?

4. What do the people do to the Bastille?

5. What does the Declaration of the Rights declare?

The People’s Friend1. What was Jean-Paul Marat's role in the revolution?

2. Which group gets so angry that they march to Versailles?

3. Does Marie actually say, "Let them eat cake?"

4. June 21st, 1791 The King and Queen try to do what during the cover of darkness?

5. What is the "national razor?"

Foreign Assistance1. Does Robespierre want to go to war with Austria? Why not?

2. What two nations begin war and invasion of France?

3. How can the birth of the Republic begin?

The Demise of Louis1. What is the symbol of the san-culottes?

2. The National Assembly becomes known as the?

3. Who comes forward to help rally the French against the Austrian and Prussians?Hint: He says "Boldness, more boldness, forever boldness and the fatherland is saved!"

4. What are the September Massacres?

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5. What do the Jacobins want to do with the king? The Girondins?

Noble Blood1. What does Charlotte Corday do?

2. What does Marat become?

3. What is Marie Antoinette's sentence?

Defending the Border1. What is "The Terror?"

2. What is the "Committee of Public Safety?"

3. What is Robespierre's paradox? (On what issue does he now contradict his earlier stance?)

Civic Virtue1. What do people decide is the "root" of the problem?

2. Who is the new saint of France?

3. What brilliant young commander is leading France to victory on the battlefields?

4. Robespierre believes that terror can help create _____.

5. What happens to the Dantonists?

6. The tempo of executions increase to 800 or more per month in Paris alone during this new phase called the _________________ terror.

The End of the Terror1. What two events lead to the demise of Robespierre? (The Festival of the ____

Being, and a speech of ____).

2. What is the irony of Robespierre's injury?

3. Who sheds the last blood of the terror?19

4. Who becomes the leader of France after Robespierre?

The Declaration of the Rights of Man and CitizenEach group will be assigned 4 articles. In your groups read each article and translate it into modern day

language that you would use.

Article #_____

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Article #_____

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Article #_____

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Article #_____

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Article #_____

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Based on the articles that you translated, what were some of the specific abuses that the Declaration of the Rights of Man was supposed to protect against?

Article # Specific Abuse

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Communism Notes

Essential Question

Starts with Marxism

• Based on ideas of _____________________o Historiano Writes ___________________________ and Das Kapitalo Lives through Industrial Revolution and sees working

conditionso Observes all history is marked by

______________________, cause of all conflict

o __________________ had divided the world into two groups

The 2 Sides of Communism

• __________________: Working Classo Work to survive

• _____________e: Few, wealthy eliteo Survive off of the labor of the Proletariat

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Communism Basics

• Political Theory based on ______________•Common ownership of the means of production

•No ____________ ______________•No need for money or private property

•_________________ for all.


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Communism and Capitalism DBQPart 1: Using information from the document(s), answer the question(s) that follow the document.

DOCUMENT 1:“Katia,” a 16-year-old ninth grader from Moscow (quote) (1980)“Capitalisms are rich people who own factories and have lots of money and workers…. A factory can belong to one person in Capitalism but in (Communism) it belongs to the government…. I am for the idea of (Communism). It seems to me that you have more of an opportunity to live well. You won’t lose your job in (Communism) …I’ve heard about the unemployment problem in America.People can’t find any kind of job…. That’s the way we heard about it – that (in) the West, unemployment, everything there is bad, a real mess.”

Describe the speaker’s point of view about capitalism.

DOCUMENT 2:Ralph Waldo Emerson (adapted)“Wealth brings with it its own checks and balances. The basis of (a capitalism) economy is noninterference (by the government). The only safe rule is found in the self-adjusting meter of demand and supply. Open the doors of opportunity to talent and virtue and they will do themselves justice, and property will not be in bad hands. In a free and just commonwealth, property rushes from the idle and imbecile to the industrious, brave and persevering.”

According to the author, why is capitalism successful?

DOCUMENT 3:Friedrich Engels, Principles of Communism“Above all, (the government)… will have to take the control of industry and of all branches of production out of the hands of… competing individuals, and instead institute a system as whole, that is for the common account, according to a common plan, and with the participation of all members of society. It will…abolish competition…Private property must therefore be abolished.”

(a) Who controls the means of production and all property in a communist system?

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(b) What happens to competition in a communist system?

DOCUMENT 4:T.P. Whitney, “The Russian Peasant Wars on the Kremlin” (1954)“Andrei, his wife, his father, and (his) elder son all have to work on the collective farmlands…. He is not stupid and sees that almost all the produce ends up in the hands of the Government. The localCommunist party boss is always coming back… for more and more. Andrei and his family know ahead of time that they are going to get (a) very small return for working on the collectivized fields.Naturally this conditions (changes) their attitudes. They are constantly on a sort of slow-down strike….”

Why are Andrei and his family slowing down the pace of their work?

DOCUMENT 5:Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations“The Wealth of Nations carries the important message of laissez faire, which means that the government should intervene as little as possible in economic affairs and leave the market to its own devices. It advocates the liberation of economic production from all limiting regulation in order to benefit the people…”

What is the author’s argument about the role of government in economics?

DOCUMENT 6:Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, The Communist Manifesto (1848)“…masses of laborers… crowded into factories. They are slaves of the machine and the manufacturer. Instead of rising as industry progresses, they sink deeper and deeper into poverty…”

What do the authors think that people get out of industry progressing?

DOCUMENT 7:Harry Schwartz, The New York Times (1952)“The (communist) worker’s standard of living is raised by several benefits the government provides. He receives free medical care. He does not have to worry about being unemployed. Old and disabled people receive social insurance…. The government also provides nurseries and kindergartens for the children of working mothers

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According to the author, what aspects of life are improved under communism?

Part 2:Create a thesis that answers the following question. Then, list the documents that would

support your thesis and explain how they would support it.

Essay question: Describe how these two economic systems, although very different, both meet the needs of the people. Analyze which economic system would be more appealing to the Russians in the early 20th century.

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Russian Revolution Notes

Essential Question

Conditions in Russia that led to Revolution

• Working conditions and peasant life __________________o Industrialized later than most of than W. Europeo 11-12 hours/day, 6 day/week

o Poor safety and _____________________o Low wageso A few elite owned most of the ________________

• _______________________ makes things worseo Needed more factory goodso Bankrupted governmento Distracted the Tsaro Huge # of soldiers ___________________________

• Bloody Sundayo Jan. 1905o Unarmed ______________________ at the Winter

Palace killed by soldiersTsar Nicholas II

• Also known as Nicholas Romanov• Absolute Monarch – believed in _____________________• Spends time on the battlefield

o Wife, Alexandra, in chargedo Advised by Rasputin

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• Ignores cries for _________________________

February Revolution

• __________________________ occur in Petrogrado Factory workers go on mass strikeo Rallies held calling for bread – mostly women

• Police called in to stop demonstrations, but are weak and unable. They are taken captive by radicals

• Tsar Nicholas ______________________ (gives up thrown)o Shipped home and placed under house arrest with

family.• Provisional ___________________________ put in place

o Not that different from Tsar

The Bolsheviks

• Political party led by Vladimir ______________________• Want to bring Communism to Russia

• __________________________

October Revolution

• Bolsheviks overthrow provisional ____________________• End involvement in WWI• Immediately face and win _________________________

o Red Army (Bolsheviks) v. _____________ Army (anti-Bolsheviks)

Bolshevik Rule

• The _______________________o 50,000 – 1,000,000 deathso Eliminate counter revolutionaries or members of

upper class

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• ___________________ Tsar Nicholas and family• Create the Union Soviet Socialist Republics (___________)

o Communist

o _________________ redistributed

Joseph Stalin

• Takes over after _____________________ dies

• Goals: Industrialization and_________________________ at any cost

• Develops a _____________t of Personalityo Correctional work campso Kill any challengers = ______________________o Dictator


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TOPIC/OBJECTIVE:

CONTENT/CLASS:

NAME:

CLASS PERIOD:

DATE:



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SUMMARY:

Stalin: Man of Steel Video Questions

1. What does 'Stalin' mean?

2. What did Stalin train to be before joining the Bolshevik party?

3. What position did Stalin hold in 1917?

4. Why did Stalin take the position of Party Secretary in 1922?

5. What did Stalin use the post of General Secretary to do?

6. In 1922, Lenin wrote a 'political testament' what two suggestions did this make?

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7. After Lenin died in 1924, why was the 'political testament' not published?

8. Between 1924 and 1929 how did Stalin managed to force leading Bolsheviks out of power?

9. When Stalin had control of the Soviet Union, what did he immediately do?

10. Stalin ended Lenin's NEP and began to force all peasants to join Collective Farms - what were these?

11. Kulaks, richer peasants, were totally opposed to Stalin's policy - what happened?

12. What was the problem with Collective Farms?

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The Declaration of the Rights of Working and Exploited PeopleEach group will be assigned 4 articles. In your groups read each article and translate it into modern day

language that you would use.

Article #_____

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Article #_____

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Article #_____

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Article #_____

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Article #_____

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Based on the articles that you translated, what were some of the specific abuses that the Declaration of the Rights of Man was supposed to protect against?

Article # Specific Abuse

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Why did Chinese youth support the Cultural Revolution?

Document A – Mao’s Little Red Book1. (Sourcing) What was the purpose of Mao’s Little Red Book?

2. (Close Reading) What are two reasons that Mao thought young people were importantto China’s future?

3. How might a young person living in 1964 have felt upon reading these quotes?

Document B – Red Guard Song1. (Sourcing) Who wrote the song? Why do you think the song was written?

2. (Close reading) What is the main message of the song?

3. Why might a young person in 1966 want to sing this song?

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Memoirs: Documents C and D1. (Sourcing) How are Documents C and D similar types of sources?

2. (Sourcing) Do you find these accounts reliable? Why or why not? Explain using evidence from the documents.

3. (Close reading) Rae Yang (Doc. C) and Fan Cau (Doc. D) both wrote dazibao. Yang denounced her teacher and Fan denounced her parents. Explain one way that their actions were similar and one way that their actions differed.

4. (Context) According to these two documents, what are some reasons why young peoplejoined the Red Guard

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How to Be a Good CommunistAs you read write 3 levels of questions in the space below.

Leve

l 1Le

vel 2

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l 3

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