Revised Structured Questionnaire 28 on Social ... Revis… · Structured Questionnaire 28 on Social Reintegration and ... accessibility and quality of services is addressed in the

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Structured Questionnaire 28 on Social Reintegration and reduction of social exclusion of

drug users

Methodological information Introduction Enhance the effectiveness of drug treatment and rehabilitation by improving the availability, accessibility and quality of services is addressed in the current EU Drugs action plan 2009–12, specifically in Objective 7. This objective calls on Member States to deliver existing and develop innovative rehabilitation and social reintegration programmes that have measurable outcomes. The tasks of the EMCDDA comprise the monitoring of the state of the drugs problem and of the responses to drug-related problems, including social reintegration. The Centre is furthermore charged with the development of tools and instruments to facilitate the Member States’ and the Commission’s monitoring and evaluation of their respective drugs policies. Objectives This structured questionnaire on social reintegration and reducing social exclusion of drug users addresses the policies and interventions Member States have established to protect drug users from further exclusion and to improve their social inclusion. It is aimed at collecting data through which a European synopsis of the policies relevant to the social inclusion of drug users can be drawn up, and an overview of availability, accessibility and diversification of interventions improving social inclusion and more particularly the employability of people in drug treatment. Questionnaire Structure A – Information on Policies to improve social reintegration and reducing social exclusion of drug users Section A collects information on national policies regarding social inclusion and protection of social exclusion. Please note that the questions in this section address all drug users. B – Information on interventions to improve the employability of people in outpatient and residential treatment Section B collects information on interventions in a number of areas relevant to improve the employability of people in drug treatment. In the present section, information relates, when possible, only to people in outpatient and residential treatment. The questions follow, when possible, a hierarchical structure starting with interventions available to the general public (macro), followed by interventions for vulnerable groups, in which drug users may or may not be included (meso), and finally interventions specifically addressing only the needs of clients in outpatient and residential treatment (micro). Please note that in case obstacles and/or interventions should differ between outpatient and residential treatment clients in specific questions of this section, please report the difference and specify the nature of this difference in your answer. C – Information on social reintegration policies and interventions for problem drug users in other contexts

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Section C includes a few questions regarding social reintegration policies and interventions for problem drug users in other contexts than outpatient and residential treatment. Definitions: Employability Employability refers to a person's capability of gaining initial employment, maintaining employment, and obtaining new employment if required (Hillage and Pollard, 1998). For individuals, employability depends on the knowledge, skills and attitudes they possess, the way they use those assets and present them to employers, and the context (e.g. personal circumstances and labour market environment) within which they seek work. Crucially, the ability to realise or actualise ‘employability’ assets depends on the individual’s personal and external circumstances and the inter-relationship between the two. Personal circumstances include caring responsibilities, disabilities, and household status which can all affect their ability to seek different opportunities and will vary during an individual’s life cycle. Treatment Treatment comprises all structured interventions' specific pharmacological and/or psychosocial techniques aimed at reducing or abstaining from the use of illegal drugs (EMCDDA Structured Questionnaire 27, treatment programmes). In the Pompidou Group-EMCDDA Treatment Demand Indicator Protocol, the following definition is provided: treatment is any activity that directly targets individuals who have problems with their drug use and which aims to improve the psychological, medical or social state of those who seek help for their drug problems. This activity often takes place at specialised facilities for drug users, but may also occur in the context of in general services offering medical and/or psychological help to people with drug problems (Pompidou Group-EMCDDA Treatment Demand Indicator Protocol version 2.0, 2000). Residential treatment Treatment programmes which require participants to live in a hostel, home or hospital unit. These programmes generally strive to provide a positive drug-free environment in which residents are expected to participate in a full-time programme of counselling, and group work developing social and other life skills (UNODC, Demand Reduction, A Glossary of Terms). Therapeutic communities are an example of residential treatment. Outpatient treatment Outpatient treatment is treatment where the patient does not spend the night on the premises. Primary health care: Primary care is the term for the health services that play a central role in the local community: GPs, pharmacists, dentists and midwifes. Primary care providers are usually the first point of contact with the health system for an individual. Education ‘Education’ in the context of the present structured questionnaire is defined as a specific learning opportunity for former or current drug users. This implies that education is defined as the learning or upgrading of literacy or numeric skills but does not include specific training for a given kind of job. For definitions of the three educational levels, please refer to the International Standard Classification of Education I S C E D 1997 (http://www.unesco.org/education/information/nfsunesco/doc/isced_1997.htm) Please also consult the Eurodice document available on our website on the description of the structures of the education systems from pre-primary to higher education (ISCED 0 to 5). This document illustrates in a clear way what primary, secondary and tertiary education corresponds to in each country and that according to the relevant ISCED categories. Vocational training

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Vocational or technical training is mainly designed to lead participants to acquire the practical skills, know-how and understanding necessary for employment in a particular occupation or trade or class of occupations or trades. Successful completion of such programmes lead to a labour-market relevant vocational qualification recognized by the competent authorities in the country in which it is obtained (e.g. Ministry of Education, employers’ associations, etc.). Social housing Social housing refers to housing that is let at low rents and on a secure basis to all people in housing need. It is generally provided by councils and not-for-profit organisations such as housing associations. Transitional/half-way housing Transitional/half-way housing addresses the transitional accommodation needs, in most cases after leaving residential treatment, with continuous and supervised staff support Supported living Supported living refers to independent apartments with some form of psychosocial support of staff. The person has their own home and support is put in place to help them live independently. This could mean that they are supported for a few hours a week, everyday, overnight or 24 hours a day. The support is carefully planned to meet their needs to live independently. Open labour market An area of economic exchange in which workers compete for jobs and employers compete for workers Intermediate labour market The intermediate labour market is a supportive system which bridges the gap between (long-term) unemployment and open labour market employment and which is generally targeted at disadvantaged individuals (e.g. through social firms) and which also includes occupational and voluntary work. Supported employment The European Union of Supported Employment defines supported employment as “providing support to people with disabilities or other disadvantaged groups to secure and maintain paid employment in the open labour market”. Outcome An immediate or direct effect of a programme. Outcomes are frequently stated, for example: by a specified date, there will be a change (increase or decrease) in the target's behaviour, among the target population. Outcome indicator Outcome indicators relate the results of a project in the target group to its specific objectives (and the underlying working hypothesis). For further definitions, please consult the online EMCDDA Best Practice Portal glossary.

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Internal identification EMCDDA data collection year

Report identification Country Year of data Name of the person submitting this structured questionnaire Institutional affiliation E-mail address Other experts involved in providing information for this structured questionnaire

Methodology used to fill out this Structured Questionnaire

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PART A Policies to improve social reintegration and reducing social exclusion of drug users Social Reintegration and the National Drug Strategy

1.1 Does your National Drug Strategy or Action Plan include a social reintegration-specific section?

o Yes o No o No information o No National Drug Strategy or Action Plan available

Comment:

National Social Protection and Inclusion Policies Primary health care

2.1 Does your country have a national primary health care strategy?

o Yes o No o No information

2.2 If yes, are drug users explicitly addressed in your national primary health care strategy?


2.3 If not mentioned explicitly as a group, is there information available about drug users addressed

within other target groups?


2.4 If yes, please describe Comment:

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Housing 3.1 Are the accommodation needs of drug users explicitly addressed in your National Social

Protection and Social Inclusion Plans1?


3.2 If yes, please describe: 3.3 If not mentioned explicitly as a group, is there information available about drug users addressed



3.4 If yes, please describe 3.5 Are there separate national or regional social inclusion or housing strategies or action plans

addressing specifically the accommodation needs of drug users in your country?


3.6 If yes, please describe and provide references. 3.7 Please assess the importance of supporting the accommodation needs of drug users in the

written drug policy of your country (National Drug Strategy or Action Plan)

o Priority in written drug policy o Mentioned in written drug policy o Not explicitly mentioned in written drug policy o Not known o Not applicable

3.8 If applicable, please list the objectives/actions in your National Drug Strategy or Action Plan to

support the accommodation needs of drug users

1 National Plans answering to the wider European Social Inclusion Strategy.

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Comment:

Education 4.1 Are the educational needs of drug users explicitly addressed in your National Social Protection

and Social Inclusion Plans?


4.2 If yes, please describe. 4.3 If not mentioned explicitly as a group, is there information available about drug users addressed



4.4 If yes, please describe 4.5 Are there separate national or regional social inclusion or education strategies or action plans

addressing specifically the educational needs of drug users in your country?


4.6 If yes, please describe and provide references. 4.7 Please assess the importance of supporting the educational needs of drug users in the written

drug policy of your country (National Drug Strategy or Action Plan)



support the educational needs of drug users.

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Comment:

5.1 Are the employment needs of drug users explicitly addressed in your National Employment

Plans2?


5.2 If yes, please describe. 5.3 If not mentioned explicitly as a group, is there information available about drug users addressed



5.4 If yes, please describe 5.5 Are the employment needs of drug users explicitly addressed in separate

national/regional/federal plans that correspond/answer to/implement the National Employment Plans?


5.6 If yes, please describe and provide references.

2 National Plans answering to the wider European Employment Strategy.

Employment Policies

Employment

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5.7 Please assess the importance of supporting the employment needs of drug users in the written

drug policy of your country (National Drug Strategy or Action Plan)



support the employment needs of drug users. Comment: Other policies Other social reintegration-related interventions

2 6.1 Please list the main social reintegration–related objectives and actions included in your National

Drug Strategy or Action Plan other than those already mentioned in the previous questions of this section.

Comment: Sources and references for PART A

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PART B Interventions to improve the employability of people in outpatient and residential treatment The welfare benefit system

1.1 Are there legislations attached to the welfare system that facilitate the movement of people in

drug treatment to the labour market (e.g. tax reduction to employers, incentives, facilitated administrative procedures, etc)?


1.2 If yes, please describe Comment: Primary health care

2.1 Are there any obstacles preventing people in drug treatment accessing primary health care that

is available to the general population in your country?


2.2 If yes, please illustrate with examples (e.g. fees, medical cards, availability of service,

prejudice). Please also describe how obstacles, if any, are being removed. 2.3 Are there any specific primary health care interventions available to people in drug treatment

in your country in addition to the primary health care available to the general public?


2.4 If yes, please describe. 2.5 Please assess the overall coverage of the treatment population’s needs

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o Full: nearly all people in drug treatment in need of primary health care could obtain it on request

o Extensive: a majority but not nearly all of them could obtain it on request o Limited: more than a few but not the majority of them could obtain it on request o Rare: just a few of them could obtain it on request o Not available o No information

2.6 Please provide some further contextual information regarding your rating

Comment: Housing 3.1 Are there any obstacles preventing people in drug treatment accessing the general housing

market in your country?


3.2 If yes, please describe. Also, please specify which of these obstacles are drug-use related and

different from those of other socially vulnerable groups (e.g. documented policy of exclusion of people in opioid substitution treatment, etc)

3.3 Are there programmes/services to facilitate the access of people in drug treatment to

independent living within the general housing market (e.g. treatment-related subsidies)?


3.4 If yes, please describe. 3.5 Are there social housing facilities targeting socially vulnerable groups which are accessible to

people in drug treatment?


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3.6 If yes, please describe. 3.7 Are there any criteria/conditions attached to accessing these social housing facilities for people

in drug treatment (e.g. not being in opioid substitution treatment, etc)?


3.8 If yes, please describe these criteria/conditions, as well as known problems attached to these

conditions. 3.9 Are there specific housing facilities available to meet the accommodation needs of people in

drug treatment? Please describe according to the following 3 categories:

3.10 Are there specific housing facilities available to meet the emergency accommodation needs of people in drug treatment?


3.11 If yes, please describe. 3.12 Are there any criteria/conditions attached to accessing these specific emergency

accommodations for people in drug treatment?


3.13 If yes, please describe these criteria/conditions, as well as known problems attached to

these conditions. 3.14 Please assess the overall coverage of the treatment population’s needs

o Full: nearly all people in drug treatment in need of emergency accommodation could obtain it on request

o Extensive: a majority but not nearly all of them could obtain it on request o Limited: more than a few but not the majority of them could obtain it on request o Rare: just a few of them could obtain it on request

Emergency accommodation (hostel, shelters)

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o Not available o No information


Comment:

Transitional/half-way housing

3.16 Are there specific housing facilities available to meet the transitional accommodation

needs of people in drug treatment?


3.17 If yes, please describe 3.18 Are there any criteria/conditions attached to accessing transitional/half-way

accommodation for people in drug treatment?



these conditions 3.20 Please assess the overall coverage of the treatment population’s needs

o Full: nearly all people in drug treatment in need of transitional accommodation could obtain it on request



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Comment:

Supported living 3.22 Are there specific housing facilities available to meet the supported living needs of people

in drug treatment?


3.23 If yes, please describe 3.24 Are there any criteria/conditions attached to accessing supported living for people in drug

treatment?



these conditions.

3.26 Please assess the overall coverage of the treatment population’s needs

o Full: nearly all people in drug treatment in need of supported living could obtain it on request


3.27 Please provide some further contextual information regarding your rating Comment:

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Education 4.1 Are there any obstacles preventing people in drug treatment accessing the education system

available to the general population in your country?


4.2 If yes, please describe. Also, please specify which of these obstacles are specific to people in

drug treatment and different from those of other socially vulnerable groups (e.g. need to disclose drug treatment status etc)

4.3 Are there interventions to facilitate the access of people in drug treatment to the educational

system in your country?


4.4 If yes, please describe 4.5 Are there any educational programmes/services targeting socially vulnerable groups which are

accessible to people in drug treatment?


4.6 If yes, please describe 4.7 Are there any criteria/conditions attached to accessing these educational interventions for

people in drug treatment?



conditions.

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4.9 Are there specific educational interventions provided to people in drug treatment in your country? Please describe according to the following 3 educational levels3.

4.10 Are specific primary educational interventions available to people in drug treatment?


4.11 If yes, please describe. Also, please specify whether these interventions (or

programmes) in your country deliver the education directly or facilitate the access to this educational level in the general educational system.

4.12 Are there any criteria/conditions attached to participating in these interventions (or

programmes) for people in drug treatment?




o Full: nearly all people in drug treatment in need of primary education could obtain it on request.



Secondary education (ISCED 2 and 3)

3 For a definition of the three educational levels , please refer to the International Standard Classification of

Education I S C E D 1997 (http://www.unesco.org/education/information/nfsunesco/doc/isced_1997.htm)

Primary education (ISCED 1)

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4.16 Are specific secondary educational interventions available to people in drug treatment?


4.17 If yes, please describe. Also please specify whether these interventions (or

programmes) in your country deliver the education directly or facilitate the access to this educational level in the general educational system.






o Full: nearly all people in drug treatment in need of secondary education could obtain it on request



Tertiary education (ISCED 5 and higher)

4.22 Are specific tertiary educational interventions available to people in drug treatment?


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4.23 If yes, please describe. Also please specify whether these interventions (or programmes) in your country deliver the education directly or facilitate the access to this educational level in the general educational system.






o Full: nearly all people in drug treatment in need of tertiary education could obtain it on request



Vocational training 5.1 Are there any obstacles preventing people in drug treatment in participating in vocational

training programmes that are available to the general population in your country?


5.2 If yes, please describe. Also please specify which of these obstacles are specific to people in

drug treatment and different from those of other socially vulnerable groups (e.g. need to disclose drug treatment status, etc)

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5.3 Are there any vocational training interventions targeting socially vulnerable groups which are

accessible to people in drug treatment?


5.4 If yes, please describe 5.5 Are there any criteria/conditions attached to participating in these vocational training

interventions for people in drug treatment?



conditions. 5.7 Are there any specific vocational training interventions provided to people in drug treatment

in your country?


5.8 If yes, please describe. Also please specify whether these interventions (or programmes) in

your country deliver training directly or facilitate the access to vocational training for the general population.


programmes)?



conditions. 5.11 Please assess the overall coverage of the treatment population’s needs

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o Full: nearly all people in drug treatment in need of vocational training could obtain it on request



Labour market participation 6.1 Are there any obstacles preventing people in drug treatment participating in open labour market

in your country?


6.2 If yes, please describe. Also, please specify which of these obstacles are specific to people in

drug treatment and different from those of other socially vulnerable groups (e.g. need to disclose drug treatment status or medical history, employers’ concern about employing former drug users, etc)

6.3 Are there any intermediate labour market interventions available to socially vulnerable groups

and which are accessible to people in drug treatment?


6.4 If yes, please describe 6.5 Are there any criteria/conditions attached to participating in these intermediate labour market

interventions for people in drug treatment in your country?


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6.6 If yes, please describe these criteria/conditions, as well as known problems attached to these conditions.

6.7 Are there any specific intermediate labour market interventions for people in drug treatment

in your country?


6.8 If yes, please describe.

6.9 Please assess the overall coverage of the treatment population’s needs

o Full: nearly all people in drug treatment in need of intermediate labour market interventions could obtain it on request


6.10 Please provide some further contextual information regarding your rating 6.11 Are there any employment support interventions available to socially vulnerable groups to

secure and maintain paid employment and which are accessible to people in drug treatment?


6.12 If yes, please describe 6.13 Are there any specific employment support interventions available for people in drug

treatment to secure and maintain paid employment in your country?


6.14 If yes, please describe.

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6.15 Are there any criteria/conditions attached to participating in these employment support interventions for people in drug treatment in your country?



conditions. 6.17 Please assess the overall coverage of the treatment population’s needs

o Full: nearly all people in drug treatment in need of employment support could obtain it on request


6.18 Please provide some further contextual information regarding your rating Comment: Other interventions facilitating the social inclusion of people in drug treatment 7.1 Are there other programmes or interventions not related to the previous sections that are

available in your country and which aim to facilitate social inclusion or limit social exclusion of people in drug treatment (e.g. family-support programmes, debt counselling, etc.)?


7.2 If yes please describe 7.3 Are there any criteria/conditions attached to participating in these interventions for people in

drug treatment in your country?

o Yes o No

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o No information 7.4 If yes, please describe these criteria/conditions, as well as known problems attached to these

conditions. Comment: Inter-agency partnerships

8.1 Please describe how the coordination mechanisms operate between the department/ministries

in charge of implementing the National Action Plans on employment and on social inclusion and the departments/coordinators in charge of implementing the objectives related to the reintegration of drug users in your country (please specify who is responsible for inter-sectoral coordination at national/regional level)?

8.2 Are there established protocols4 underpinning interagency coordination partnerships between

different national, regional and local authorities and agencies (public, private or NGOs) involved in addressing drug treatment clients’ health and social needs in your country?


8.3 If yes, please describe and provide references. 8.4 Are there partnership agreements between treatment agencies and services addressing the

social needs of people in drug treatment in your country (e.g. between treatment centres and welfare, housing, employment and other social services)?


8.5 If yes, please describe and specify which are the main services usually involved in these

partnerships

4 Written, formal guidance, e.g. clarifying who is involved, lead agency, reporting mechanisms, etc..

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8.6 If you have answered yes to question 8.4, please assess to what extent such partnership agreements are available between outpatient treatment facilities and relevant social services

o Full: nearly all outpatient treatment facilities have a partnership agreement with at

least one social service o Extensive: a majority of them but not nearly all of them have one o Limited: more than a few but not the majority of them have one o Rare: just a few of them have one o Not available o No information

8.7 Please provide some further contextual information regarding your rating 8.8 If you have answered question 8.6, what are the most common established mechanisms of

interagency coordination for addressing the social needs of people in drug treatment in your country within outpatient treatment facilities?

o Structured protocols o Informal networks o None o No information

8.9 If you have answered yes to question 8.4, please assess to what extent such partnership

agreements are available between residential treatment facilities and relevant social services

o Full: nearly all residential treatment facilities have a partnership agreement with at least one social service

o Extensive: a majority of them but not nearly all of them have one o Limited: more than a few but not the majority of them have one o Rare: just a few of them have one o Not available o No information

8.10 Please provide some further contextual information regarding your rating 8.11 Is the employability of people in drug treatment a “regular” standard objective/part of individual

treatment care plans in your country?

o Yes o No o Not applicable o No information

8.12 If yes, please describe. Comment:

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Outcomes 9.1 Are there outcome indicators regarding housing (e.g. number of accommodations provided) for

people in drug treatment available in your country?


9.2 Please describe. 9.3 Are there outcome indicators regarding educational interventions or programmes for people in

drug treatment available in your country?


9.4 Please describe. 9.5 Are there outcome indicators regarding vocational training interventions for people in drug

treatment available in your country?


9.6 Please describe. 9.7 Are there outcome indicators regarding labour market participation of people in drug treatment

available in your country?


9.8 Please describe. Comment:

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Sources and references for PART B

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PART C Addressing social reintegration and reducing social exclusion of problem drug users in other contexts/environments Social reintegration policies and interventions for drug users in other contexts

1.1 Does your national drug strategy or drug action plan include specific objectives/actions

regarding the social inclusion of drug users in other contexts/environments than those mentioned in Part B (such as low-threshold agencies, prisons)?


1.2 Please describe 1.3 Do low-threshold facilities or similar services provide specific social reintegration interventions

that address the needs of drug users in your country?


1.4 Please describe 1.5 Are there specific social reintegration interventions provided for drug users in prisons?


1.6 Please describe. Comment:

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Sources and references for PART C

Thank you very much for filling out this questionnaire!

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Revised Structured Questionnaire 28 on Social ... Revis… · Structured Questionnaire 28 on Social Reintegration and ... accessibility and quality of services is addressed in the