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Revised 04-09 Factors Affecting Student Performance 1
Factors Affecting Student Performance
andHow to Influence Them
by Jim HammonsCopyright 2008
Welcome to
Factors Affecting Student Performance 3
TWOTWO Things Things
• Factors that influence student performance
• Ways to influence them.
ABOUT ????ABOUT ????
Research Findings Re: Factors Research Findings Re: Factors Influencing Student RetentionInfluencing Student Retention
• First generation college students
• Low socioeconomic status
• Minority• Require
remediation• Low high school
GPA
Factors Affecting Student Performance 4
• High school courses-Inadequate preparation
• Poor advising(curricular, course)• Inability to establish meaningful personal
relationships at college
• Work-off campus; too many hours• Lack goals • Inadequate time-on-task(studying, homework)• Unmet student expectations• Unwillingness to ask for help• Inability to obtain help
Astin, A.W. (1993) What matters in college: Four critical years revisited.Tinto, V. (1993) Leaving college: Rethinking the causes and cures of student retention
Factors Affecting Student Performance 5
Research Findings Re: Factors Influencing Research Findings Re: Factors Influencing Student Retention Cont.Student Retention Cont.
Other than be aware of them, we can do little, if anything
about most.
The remainder -–and many others are included in the
CAMEO model.
Factors Affecting Student Performance 6
Factors Affecting Student Performance 7
Presentation has three parts:
1.1. Factors/examples of Factors/examples of eacheach
2.2. SomeSome of the many ways of the many ways to influence themto influence them
3.3. A model combining all A model combining all of thisof this
Factors Affecting Student Performance 8
A = Ability –
what a student can docan do.
FACTOR #1FACTOR #1
Factors Affecting Student Performance 9
M = Motivation –
a student’s willingnesswillingness
to use abilityto use ability..
FACTOR #2FACTOR #2
I’m I’m willing!!willing!!
Factors Affecting Student Performance 10
FACTOR #3FACTOR #3
O = Opportunity –
the chancechance to perform (and
learn if they did so learn if they did so
correctly)correctly)
Factors Affecting Student Performance 11
C = Classroom Culture –
the way things areway things are..
Classroom Climate – how
students feel about itfeel about it.
FACTOR #4FACTOR #4
Factors Affecting Student Performance 12
Factor #5Factor #5
O = Organization –
The organizational unitorganizational unit
where instruction occurs.
Factors Affecting Student Performance 13
Examples of Organization:Examples of Organization:
• Program
• Department
• Division
• College
• Campus/District
Factors Affecting Student Performance 14
C = Organizational Culture –
the way things areway things are..
Organizational Climate – how faculty faculty
feel about itfeel about it..
FACTOR #6FACTOR #6
Factors Affecting Student Performance 15
E = Environment – factors
outside of the classroom that
affect student/ faculty affect student/ faculty
performance inside the performance inside the
classroomclassroom.
FACTOR #7FACTOR #7
Ability (can do)Ability (can do)
Ability to:
Learn the material
Read the texts
Take notes
Study
Manage themselves
Deal with obstacles
To Influence:
Factors Affecting Student Performance 16
Motivation (will do)Motivation (will do)
Student Desire To:
Learn
Achieve goals
Attend class
Pay attention
Study
Complete assignments
Graduate
To Influence:
Factors Affecting Student Performance 17
Opportunity Opportunity (chances to do, show)(chances to do, show)
Chances to:
Learn if I have learned
Get involved
Speak up in class
Demonstrate ability
Learn
Apply what I have learned
Action steps:
Factors Affecting Student Performance 18
Classroom Culture/Climate:Classroom Culture/Climate:
Examples:
Lack of student interactionStudents lack sense of
belonging
Poorly organized course
Competitive atmosphere
Instructor rigidity
Over students’ head
Students’ bored
Hidden rules
To Influence:
Factors Affecting Student Performance 19
Organizational Culture/ClimateOrganizational Culture/Climate
Examples:
Lack of emphasis on teachingAdministrative
micromanaging
Colleague ability
Lack of 3 R’s for teaching
“No one to talk to”
Fear of experimenting
Adjunct faculty ability
Action Steps:
Factors Affecting Student Performance 20
Environment Environment
Issue:
Faculty unaware of issuesFinancial problems (housing,
car)Working too many hours
Student personal problems
No working computer at homeSupport system (family,
friends, mentors)Student working too many
hours for course load carried
To Influence:
Factors Affecting Student Performance 21
If: input is below expectations
AND output must be high –- what happens?
Factors Affecting Student Performance 22
WE MUST
Improve the quality of student raw material coming to us!!!!
Factors Affecting Student Performance 23
24
C A M E O Model
Performance as a Student
5
Ability
Opportunity Motivation
OrganizationalCulture/Climate
Classroom Clim
ate
Culture
OrganizationalCulture/Climate
OutsideEnvironment
OutsideEnvironment
2
Ability (can do)Ability (can do)Ability To:Learn the material
Take college courses
Read the texts
Take notes
Study
Keep up
Manage themselves
Deal with obstacles
To Influence:Prerequisites (establish/enforce)Advise properly
Developmental courses
Do readability index on texts
Student success classes
Student success classes
Pre-post tests
Student success classes
Counseling/SPSFactors Affecting Student Performance 26
Motivation (will do)Motivation (will do)Student Desire To:Learn
Achieve goals/lack of
Control own destinyAttend class
Pay attention
Study (time-on-task)
Complete assignments
Graduate
To Influence:Provide rationale
Student success classesCounseling Student success classesMake class worthwhileReward AttendanceLearn motivators/ demotivatorsMake class worthwhileShow relevance to themClear objectivesFrequent assignmentsGrading rubricsProvide rewardsEnforce deadlinesProvide program of studySchedule classes properlyMonitor progress
Factors Affecting Student Performance 27
Opportunity Opportunity (chance to do, show)(chance to do, show)
Chances to:Learn if I have learned
Get involved
Speak up in class
Demonstrate ability
Learn
Apply what I have learned
Action steps:Use formative evaluationFrequent assessments
Use active learning strategies
Use good questioning techniques
Vary assignments
Retest
Meaningful assignmentsFactors Affecting Student Performance 28
Classroom Culture/Climate:Classroom Culture/Climate:Examples:Lack of student interaction
Students lack sense of belonging
Poorly organized course
Competitive atmosphere
Instructor rigidity
Over students’ head
Students’ bored
Hidden rules
To Influence:Get acquainted exercises
Learn names/ meet individualityUse active learning strategies
Develop a good syllabus with calendar
Use criterion reference grading
Use classroom assessment techniques
Use pre-testing Supplemental instruction
Use classroom assessment techniques (CATS), Eyes/Ears
Orientation
Factors Affecting Student Performance 29
Factors Affecting Student Performance 30
Organizational Culture/ClimateOrganizational Culture/Climate
ExampleLack of emphasis on teaching
Administrative micro-managing
Colleague ability
Lack of 3 R’s for teaching
“No one to talk to”
Fear of experimenting
Adjunct faculty ability
Action StepsSenior management support
Faculty autonomy
Faculty recruitment, selection, orientation, training, development, evaluation
Revise faculty evaluation plan
Faculty learning communities
Guarantee “right to fail”
Adjunct faculty training program
Factors Affecting Student Performance 31
Environment:Environment:Issue:Unaware of issues
Financial problems (housing, car)Working too many hours
Student personal problems
No computer at home
Support system (family, friends, mentors.
Socioeconomic Status
To Influence:Get to know students
Refer to financial aid officerGood advising
Refer to counselors
Open computer labs on campus
Refer to counselor
Student success classes