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Review Maps Graphic OrganizerLessons
Unit 1 United States and Canada Geography
United States and Canada Geography
How do people adapt to where they live?
Review Maps Graphic OrganizerLessons
Review Maps Graphic OrganizerLessons
Lessons
Review Maps Graphic OrganizerLessons
Lesson 6Hurricane Katrina and New Orleans
Lesson 1Major LandformsLesson 2Major WaterwaysLesson 3Natural ResourcesLesson 4Climate RegionsLesson 5Environmental Challenges
Review Maps Graphic OrganizerLessons
Major LandformsLesson 1
Vocabularytundra
megalopolis
prairie
Continental Divide
canyon
What are some of the major landforms of North America?
Reading SkillCompare and Contrast
Review Maps Graphic OrganizerLessons
The United States and CanadaMajor Landforms
U.S. and Canada share most of North America.
In the north, tundra covers Arctic lands where only grasses and mosses can grow.
In the South, lush grasses grow on the Gulf of Mexico coast.
Canada is divided into 13 provinces and territories and is the second largest country in the world after Russia.
U.S is the world’s third largest country.
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Lowlands and HighlandsMajor Landforms
The Atlantic Coastal Plain runs along the coast of the Atlantic Ocean.
The Gulf Coastal Plain lies along the Gulf of Mexico.
Natural harbors along the Atlantic coast have led to the growth of shipping ports.
The Appalachian Mountains run from eastern Canada to Alabama and divide the Northeastern states from the Midwestern states.
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Interior LowlandsMajor Landforms
The Canadian Shield wraps around Hudson Bay. It has rocky hills, lakes, and evergreen forests, poor soil, and a cold climate.
The Central Lowland lies south of the Canadian Shield and west of the Appalachian Mountains. It has grassy hills, rolling flatlands, thick forests, and fertile farmland.
The Great Plains are west of the Mississippi River. In some parts, farmers grow grains in their fertile soil. In other parts, ranchers raise cattle on the land.
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Mountains and PlateausMajor Landforms
The Rocky Mountains begin in Alaska and run south to New Mexico. They are divided into the Canadian Rockies and Northern Rockies, the Middle Rockies, the Southern Rockies, and the Colorado Plateau.
The Continental Divide is an imaginary line in the Rockies. East of the divide, rivers drain into the Arctic Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Gulf of Mexico. West of the divide, rivers flow into the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of California.
In the Colorado Plateau lies the Grand Canyon. It was carved out by the Colorado River during the last 6 million years.
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Major WaterwaysLesson 2
Vocabularynavigable
tributary
glacier
wetland
How do people use some of the region’s major waterways?
Reading SkillCompare and Contrast
Review Maps Graphic OrganizerLessons
The Mississippi RiverMajor Waterways
Native Americans were the first to travel and trade on the North American waterways.
Mississippi River Basin drains over 1 million square miles of land and the surrounding land is suitable for farming.
Products from port cities such as St. Louis and Memphis are shipped down the river to other ports because the river is easy to navigate.
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The Great Lakes and the EvergladesMajor Waterways
The Great Lakes are the world’s largest group of lakes.
St. Lawrence Seaway – a series of canals that helps ships navigate from the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean. It carries raw materials and manufactured goods from cities like Chicago, Cleveland, and Toronto to the rest of the world.
The Everglades are a large area of wetlands in southern Florida that depend on both water and land to support diverse, sometimes endangered, plant and animal life including alligators.
Review Maps Graphic OrganizerLessons
Natural ResourcesLesson 3
Vocabularyhydroelectric
power
renewable resources
scarcity
economy
irrigation
How do the United States and Canada use natural resources?
Reading SkillCompare and Contrast
Review Maps Graphic OrganizerLessons
Mineral and Energy ResourcesNatural Resources
Iron ore is used to make steel and is found in parts of eastern Canada and the northern United States.
The Rocky Mountains have gold, silver, and copper. The Canadian Shield (also called Canada’s Storehouse) has iron ore, copper, nickel, and gold.
U.S. uses nearly three times the amount of oil that it produces.
Canada’s oil and natural gas reserves lie in or near the province of Alberta (second largest oil reserves of oil in the form of oil mixed with sand).
Renewable energy resources include ethanol (a fuel made from corn), solar energy, and wind power.
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Scarce ResourcesNatural Resources
Renewable resources such as trees and fish can become scarce resources.
Forests used to cover much of the United States and Canada but today cover less than half of Canada and about a third of the United States.
Lumber and wood products, such as paper, are major exports of Canada.
Great Banks, located off Canada’s southeast coast, were once one of the world’s richest fishing grounds, but because these waters were overfished, the number of fish decreased.
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Soil ResourcesNatural Resources
Canada’s heartland is known as the “Prairie Provinces.” Wheat is a major farm crop. Dairy farms are also important.
United States produces corn, soybeans, and grains in the Midwest. Dairy products and livestock are also important to the economy of the Midwest.
In the South’s warm, wet climate, farmers in Louisiana and Arkansas grow rice and sugarcane. Farmers in Florida and Texas grow citrus fruits such as oranges and lemons.
Central Valley of California is located between two mountain ranges, the Sierra Nevada and the Coast Ranges. Irrigation brought water to the dry land through ditches and pipes.
Review Maps Graphic OrganizerLessons
Climate RegionsLesson 4
Vocabularytemperate
climate
current
precipitation
drought
arid
How does climate affect how people live?
Reading SkillCompare and Contrast
Review Maps Graphic OrganizerLessons
Cold ClimatesClimate Regions
Climate is mainly determined by latitude, but also by landforms such as mountains and large bodies of water.
Most people in Canada and the United States live in a temperate climate.
In Northern Arctic parts of Alaska and Canada, winters are long and cold while summers are brief and cool.
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Warm ClimatesClimate Regions
Ocean currents in the South and the Pacific Northwest provide humid, warm, or even tropical climates.
Air over large bodies of water is warmer in winter and cooler in summer.
In the Pacific Northwest, ocean currents keep this area’s climate mild and wet, whereas southern California has a climate of warm, dry summers and mild, wet winters.
Areas near the Tropic of Cancer are warm all year round.
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The Desert West and MidwestClimate Regions
The desert of the southwestern United States gets less than 10 inches of precipitation each year.
The Great Plains receive moisture from the Gulf of Mexico and from the Arctic.
The Dust Bowl was caused by poor farming methods and drought.
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The EastClimate Regions
North America’s climate is divided into arid and humid areas of precipitation.
Northeast experiences a humid continental climate.
Southeast has a humid subtropical climate.
Forests in the Northeast have two types of trees: broadleaf trees that change color in autumn and needleleaf evergreens that stay green all year.
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Environmental ChallengesLesson 5
Vocabularytornado
hurricane
blizzard
plate tectonics
global warming What environmental challenges do people in the region share?
Reading SkillCompare and Contrast
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Tornadoes, Hurricanes and BlizzardsEnvironmental Challenges
Tornado Alley is an area where tornadoes are common from Texas north to Nebraska.
Hurricanes generally develop from June to September and often strike along the southeastern Atlantic coast and the Gulf of Mexico.
Blizzards are severe winter storms that last for hours and combine high winds with heavy snow that limits how far people can see.
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Earthquakes and VolcanoesEnvironmental Challenges
Plate tectonics is a theory that states that the surface of the Earth is made up of moving parts. Movements take place along faults, and shifts can cause earthquakes or volcanoes to erupt.
Along the coast, earthquakes can cause huge waves called tsunamis.
Volcanoes are found in the Pacific Coast Mountains, southern Alaska, and Hawaii.
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Global WarmingEnvironmental Challenges
Global warming is the overall rise in the temperature of the Earth.
Greenhouse effect is heat that is trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere by greenhouse gases (water vapor, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, and ozone).
Review Maps Graphic OrganizerLessons
Hurricane Katrina and New OrleansLesson 6
Vocabulary
levee
water table
Why was New Orleans heavily damaged by a hurricane?
Reading SkillCompare and Contrast
Review Maps Graphic OrganizerLessons
The StormHurricane Katrina and New Orleans
On August 29, 2005, Hurricane Katrina hit the Gulf Coast of the United States.
Wind, waves, and rain caused flooding from Louisiana to Mississippi and Alabama.
Katrina killed 1,800 people and caused $81 billion of property damage.
Katrina is considered one of the worst natural disasters in U.S. history.
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1. A long period without rain is a _________.
2. A treeless plain where only grasses and mosses can grow is called _______.
3. A ________ is a high wall built to protect areas from flooding.
4. A _________ is a giant blanket of ice.
5. _______________ is the overall rise in the temperature of the Earth.
droughtglobal warmingglacier
drought
tundra
levee
ReviewVocabulary
levee
glacier
Global warming
tundra
Review Maps Graphic OrganizerLessons
6. Name two ways in which the United States and Canada are alike. 7. Why did the U.S. and Canada build the St. Lawrence Seaway? 8. Name two renewable resources and why they are renewable. 9. Name two nonrenewable resources and why they are
nonrenewable. 10. What causes earthquakes and volcanoes to occur?
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Review Maps Graphic OrganizerLessons
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